CN109192028B - Spectrum analysis demonstration instrument - Google Patents
Spectrum analysis demonstration instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN109192028B CN109192028B CN201811302065.6A CN201811302065A CN109192028B CN 109192028 B CN109192028 B CN 109192028B CN 201811302065 A CN201811302065 A CN 201811302065A CN 109192028 B CN109192028 B CN 109192028B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
- G09B23/22—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for optics
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Abstract
The invention discloses a spectrum analysis demonstration instrument, which comprises: guide rail components, light source components, incandescent lamps, LED red light lamps, sodium and deuterium lamps, polarizer components, optical element components, single slit sheets, double slit sheets, gratings and monochromators, sample components, light screen components, ultraviolet-visible light detectors; the invention can rapidly explain different physical phenomena, thereby realizing the function of a comparison test, preventing touching the optical element, prolonging the service life of the optical element and the instrument, qualitatively analyzing substances besides demonstration, applying learned knowledge to practice, improving the learning interest of students, and having simple structure and low manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of teaching appliances. More particularly, the present invention relates to a spectroscopic analysis demonstrator.
Background
The spectral analysis is an optical course which is necessary to be repaired in the physics of high school and university, so that the experimental effect can be well and conveniently demonstrated, the effect of half effort can be achieved on the study of students, if the learned knowledge can be applied to the practical application, the interest of the students on the physical study can be stimulated, in the prior art, the demonstration instrument for the spectral analysis can only singly conduct experiments on one phenomenon, when other demonstration experiments are needed, the optical element needs to be replaced, but the optical element is very precise, experimental error is increased due to repeated human touch, the ideal effect is not obtained, and secondly, the experimental phenomenon can only be represented as a demonstration instrument, the interest of the students can not be promoted, and the learning enthusiasm can only be improved when the learned things are put into practice, but the traditional spectral analyzer is very expensive, the dynamic phenomenon is hundreds of thousands, and the experimental device is not burdened by each middle school.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages to be described later.
The invention also aims to provide a spectrum analysis demonstration instrument which can quickly explain different physical phenomena so as to realize a comparison test, deepen understanding of students on physical concepts, can not touch optical elements, prolongs the service life of the optical elements and instruments, can qualitatively analyze substances besides demonstration, greatly improves learning interests of the students by applying learned knowledge to practice, and has a simple structure and low price compared with a precise spectrum analysis instrument.
To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided a spectral analysis demonstrator comprising:
the spectrum analysis demonstration instrument is characterized by comprising:
the guide rail assembly comprises a rectangular plate which is horizontally arranged, a central shaft on the upper surface of the rectangular plate is provided with a chute which is equal to the rectangular plate in length, three sliding tables are arranged on the chute at intervals, square through holes which vertically penetrate through the rectangular plate are arranged along the width direction of the rectangular plate, the communicating positions of the square through holes and the chute are provided with plugging plates, so that the inner walls of the square through holes are rectangular, and the four corners of the lower bottom surface of the rectangular plate and the bottom surfaces of the guide rail which are close to the four corners of the through holes are uniformly provided with brackets with equal height;
the light source assembly comprises a first rotating shaft vertically arranged on the center of the side wall of the short side of the rectangular plate, a rotating disc horizontally and coaxially fixedly arranged at the top end of the first rotating shaft, and four light sources arranged on the rotating disc, wherein the rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the side wall of the short side of the rectangular plate, the diameter of the light source rotating disc is shorter than the width of the rectangular plate, the four light sources are respectively positioned at four circumferential equally-divided points of the edge of the top surface of the rotating disc, and the four light sources are respectively an incandescent lamp, an LED red light lamp, a sodium lamp and a deuterium lamp;
the polaroid assembly comprises a Y-shaped telescopic bracket vertically and fixedly arranged on the upper surface of one sliding table and a polaroid arranged at the top end of the Y-shaped telescopic bracket, wherein the polaroid is vertical to the sliding groove;
the optical element assembly comprises a second rotating shaft which is horizontally arranged, a cylindrical disc which is coaxially sleeved with the second rotating shaft, and four optical elements which are inlaid in the cylindrical disc, wherein the second rotating shaft is vertically arranged between a pair of plugging plates and is close to the central shaft of the upper surface of the rectangular plate, the diameter of the cylindrical disc is smaller than the long side distance of the square through hole, the column height of the cylindrical disc is smaller than the short side distance of the square through hole, the cylindrical disc is not contacted with the square through hole when rotating around the second rotating shaft, four horizontal through holes which penetrate through the cylindrical disc are symmetrically arranged on two mutually perpendicular diameter lines on the surface of the cylindrical disc, so that the four optical elements are inlaid on the cylindrical disc through the four horizontal through holes, and the four optical elements are respectively a single slit sheet, a double slit sheet, a grating and a monochromator;
the sample assembly comprises a cuboid-shaped sample cell to be measured, a fixed base fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the sample cell to be measured, a horizontal plate body connected with the fixed base, and a telescopic support rod which is connected with the horizontal plate body and the other sliding table and is vertically arranged, wherein the fixed base is equal to the bottom surface of the sample cell to be measured in size, an inner side wall cylindrical groove is formed in the center of the lower surface of the fixed base, a cylindrical protrusion with outer threads on the outer side wall of the cylindrical outer wall is arranged in the center of the surface of the horizontal plate body, and the cylindrical groove is in threaded connection with the cylindrical protrusion;
the light screen assembly comprises a rectangular plate body vertical to the groove, a vertical telescopic bracket coaxially connected with a central shaft of the rectangular plate body and a darkroom sleeved on the whole guide rail assembly, wherein the other end of the telescopic bracket is fixedly connected with the rest sliding table, a detection screen of an ultraviolet-visible light detector which is equal to the rectangular plate body in size is arranged on the rectangular plate body, and the output end of the ultraviolet-visible light detector is connected with a display screen for displaying detected patterns and light intensity;
the light source component, the polaroid component, the optical element component, the sample component and the light screen component are on the same straight line and are sequentially arranged.
Preferably, the polarizing plate is circular, the Y-shaped telescopic bracket is in contact with the lower half circumference of the polarizing plate, a groove with the same thickness as the polarizing plate is formed in the position where the Y-shaped telescopic bracket is connected with the polarizing plate, and the polarizing plate is clamped in the groove and can rotate along the circumferential direction of the polarizing plate.
Preferably, the upper surface of the sample cell to be tested and the lower bottom surface of the fixed base are respectively provided with magnetic sheets which are mutually attracted.
Preferably, a long limiting block parallel to the radial line is respectively arranged on two sides of the radial line from the center of each optical element to the center of the circle of the cylindrical disk, the limiting block is not in contact with the side wall of the square through hole, vertical stand columns are respectively arranged on the center of the upper part of the plugging plate, the stand columns are not in contact with the table top of the cylindrical disk, and the limiting blocks on two sides of the radial line of the circle of the cylindrical disk can clamp the stand columns to limit the rotation of the cylindrical disk.
Preferably, the ultraviolet-visible light detector is a photodiode array detector or a photomultiplier detector.
Preferably, the sample cell to be tested is made of quartz glass.
Preferably, the darkroom is a cuboid cover body which can stretch along a long side, the side face of the short side of the cuboid cover body is perpendicular to the rectangular plate, and the darkroom is arranged at one end, far away from the light source assembly, of the rectangular plate.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
1. the turntable is adopted to combine a plurality of optical elements together, so that the experiment can be quickly replaced on the basis of not touching the optical elements, and the service life of the optical elements is prolonged;
2. the qualitative spectrum analysis is realized by adopting a simple instrument, so that the interest of the experiment is greatly improved;
3. the invention has simple structure, convenient assembly operation and low manufacturing cost.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a spectrum analysis demonstrator according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a cylindrical disk according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a cylindrical disk portion of a track assembly according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a sample cell to be tested according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention by referring to the description.
It will be understood that terms, such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a spectral analysis demonstrator, comprising:
the guide rail assembly comprises a rectangular plate which is horizontally arranged, a sliding groove which is equal to the rectangular plate in length is arranged at the central shaft of the upper surface of the rectangular plate, three sliding tables are arranged on the sliding groove at intervals, the sliding tables slide along the direction of the sliding groove to adjust the position, square through holes which vertically penetrate through the rectangular plate are arranged along the width direction of the rectangular plate, a plugging plate is arranged at the communicating position of the square through holes and the sliding groove, the plugging plate is rectangular, so that the inner wall of the square through holes is smooth, and equal-height brackets are uniformly arranged at four corners of the lower bottom surface of the rectangular plate and the bottom surfaces of the guide rails which are close to the four corners of the square through holes so as to support the whole rectangular plate;
the light source assembly comprises a first rotating shaft vertically arranged on the center of the short side wall of the rectangular plate, a rotating disc horizontally and coaxially arranged at the top end of the first rotating shaft, and four light sources arranged on the rotating disc, wherein the rotating disc is positioned at the upper end of the rectangular plate, the light sources are replaced by rotating the rotating disc, the rotating shaft and the short side wall of the rectangular plate are in rotating connection through a bearing sleeved on the rotating shaft, the outer wall of the bearing is horizontally fixedly connected with the short side wall of the rectangular plate, the diameter of the light source rotating disc is shorter than the width of the rectangular plate, the four light sources are respectively positioned at four circumferential equally-divided points of the edge of the top surface of the rotating disc, and the four light sources are respectively an incandescent lamp, an LED red light lamp, a sodium lamp and a deuterium lamp;
the polaroid assembly comprises a Y-shaped telescopic bracket vertically and fixedly arranged on the upper surface of one sliding table and a polaroid arranged at the top end of the Y-shaped telescopic bracket, wherein the connection mode of the polaroid and the two free ends of the Y-shaped telescopic bracket is clamping or embedding, and the polaroid is vertical to the sliding groove;
the optical element assembly comprises a second rotating shaft which is horizontally arranged, a cylindrical disc which is coaxially sleeved with the second rotating shaft, and four optical elements which are vertically inlaid in the cylindrical disc, wherein the second rotating shaft is vertically arranged between a pair of plugging plates and is close to the central shaft of the upper surface of the rectangular plate, the diameter of the cylindrical disc is smaller than the long side distance of the square through hole, the column height of the cylindrical disc is smaller than the short side distance of the square through hole and is larger than the thickness of the four optical elements, the cylindrical disc is enabled not to contact with the square through hole when being coiled around the second rotating shaft, four horizontal through holes which penetrate through the cylindrical disc are symmetrically arranged on two mutually perpendicular diameter lines on the surface of the cylindrical disc, the outer outline of each horizontal through hole is slightly larger than the outer outline of each of the four optical elements, so that the four optical elements are inlaid on the cylindrical disc through the four horizontal through holes and do not generate relative displacement when the cylindrical disc rotates, and the four optical elements are a single piece, a double piece, a grating and a monochromator respectively;
the sample assembly comprises a cuboid-shaped sample cell to be measured, a fixed base fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the sample cell to be measured, a horizontal plate body connected with the fixed base, and a telescopic support rod which is vertically arranged and is used for connecting the horizontal plate body with another sliding table, wherein the long side wall of the sample cell to be measured is perpendicular to the central axis of the rectangular plate, the fixed base is equal to the bottom surface of the sample cell to be measured in size, a cylindrical groove with an inner side wall with an inner thread is formed in the center of the lower surface of the fixed base, a cylindrical protrusion with an outer cylindrical wall with an outer thread is formed in the center of the upper surface of the horizontal plate body, and the cylindrical groove is connected with the cylindrical protrusion through threads;
the light screen assembly comprises a rectangular plate body vertical to the groove, a vertical telescopic bracket coaxially connected with the central shaft of the rectangular plate body and a darkroom sleeved on the whole guide rail assembly, wherein the darkroom can enable the whole demonstration instrument to be in an environment with darker light, the other end of the telescopic bracket is fixedly connected with the rest sliding table, the rectangular plate body is provided with a detection screen of an ultraviolet-visible light detector which is equal to the rectangular plate body in size, and the output end of the ultraviolet-visible light detector is connected with a display screen so as to display detected patterns and light intensity;
the light source component, the polaroid component, the optical element component, the sample component and the light screen component are on the same straight line and are sequentially arranged;
the invention has two using methods, one is to demonstrate the optical property, firstly, a light source, a polaroid and an optical element to be used comprise a single slit sheet, a double slit sheet or a grating, the arrangement of a light screen is adjusted on the same straight line, the switch of an LED red light lamp is turned on, so that light rays are changed into unidirectional light from multidirectional light through the polaroid, then the far and near of the light screen are adjusted to find a position capable of obviously forming a phase, if the naked eye is not clear, an ultraviolet visible light detector can be turned on, the red stripes with alternate brightness can be observed by observing an image on a screen and the displayed light intensity, then the interference diffraction image of the sodium light lamp on a teaching material can be also replaced, and when the light source turntable is rotated to adjust the light source, the colored stripe lines can be observed on the light screen or the screen;
in another experiment for qualitatively measuring a sample to be measured, a light source turntable is rotated on the basis of an original device, a light source is adjusted to be a deuterium lamp, a rotating cylindrical disk is used for adjusting a monochromator to a light path, a blank solution of the solution to be measured is placed in a sample cell to be measured, the sample cell to be measured is mounted on a horizontal plate body, the heights of the sample cell to be measured and the rectangular plate body are adjusted, the light source, a polaroid, an optical element, a sample assembly and a light screen assembly are enabled to be on the same straight line, the elements are covered in the darkroom by a darkroom, a detection screen of an ultraviolet-visible light detector can detect stable light intensity, readings are recorded, then the blank solution in the sample cell to be measured is replaced with the solution to be measured, the light intensity is measured, the light intensity at the moment is read out, and the absorbance of the solution to be measured can be calculated by Lanbert's law according to the configured concentration of the substance corresponding to the absorbance under the incident condition, so that the substance is the species of the substance is obtained.
In another technical scheme, the polaroid is circular, the Y-shaped telescopic bracket is contacted with the lower half circumference of the polaroid, a groove with the same thickness as the polaroid is formed in the position where the Y-shaped telescopic bracket is connected with the polaroid, the polaroid is clamped in the groove and can rotate along the circumference of the polaroid, and by adopting the technical scheme, the use of the polaroid is more convenient and flexible, and the direction of polarized light can be conveniently adjusted.
In another technical scheme, the upper surface of the sample cell to be tested and the lower bottom surface of the fixed base are respectively provided with magnetic sheets which are mutually attracted, and by adopting the technical scheme, the connection between the sample cell to be tested and the fixed base is firmer, and the sample cell to be tested is prevented from toppling over when the position of the sample to be tested is moved.
In another technical scheme, each optical element center to the diameter line both sides of cylinder dish centre of a circle are equipped with a long strip stopper parallel with this diameter line respectively, the stopper not with square through-hole's lateral wall contact, the upper portion center department of shutoff board is equipped with vertical stand respectively, the stand does not with the mesa contact of cylinder dish, the stopper that the cylinder dish crossed centre of a circle diameter line both sides can with the stand blocks with restriction the rotation of cylinder dish, when rotating the cylinder dish, every time an optical element changes to perpendicular spout, the stand can be blocked by two adjacent stoppers on the cylinder dish for the rotation of cylinder dish receives the restriction, and when the reuse great power is gone to rotate the cylinder dish, the cylinder dish can break away from the restriction, continues to rotate, adopts this technical scheme, makes when using optical element to carry out the experiment more stable, can not produce relative movement on the cylinder dish because of optical element and lead to demonstration or test to produce the error.
In another technical scheme, the ultraviolet-visible light detector is a photodiode array detector or a photomultiplier detector, and by adopting the technical scheme, the detection effect is more obvious, and the obtained conclusion is more accurate.
In another technical scheme, the sample cell to be detected is made of quartz glass, and by adopting the technical scheme, the incident light can pass through the sample cell to be detected in the maximum proportion and is not absorbed, so that the accuracy of conclusion is improved.
In another technical scheme, the darkroom is a cuboid cover body which can stretch along the long side, the side face of the short side of the cuboid cover body is vertical to the rectangular plate, and the rectangular plate is arranged at one end far away from the light source assembly.
The number of equipment and the scale of processing described herein are intended to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications and variations to the present spectral analysis demonstrator will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the details and embodiments shown and described, it is well suited to various fields of use for which the invention would be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and accordingly, the invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein, without departing from the general concepts defined in the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. The spectrum analysis demonstration instrument is characterized by comprising:
the guide rail assembly comprises a rectangular plate which is horizontally arranged, a central shaft on the upper surface of the rectangular plate is provided with a chute which is equal to the rectangular plate in length, three sliding tables are arranged on the chute at intervals, square through holes which vertically penetrate through the rectangular plate are arranged along the width direction of the rectangular plate, the communicating positions of the square through holes and the chute are provided with plugging plates, so that the inner walls of the square through holes are rectangular, and the four corners of the lower bottom surface of the rectangular plate and the bottom surfaces of the guide rail which are close to the four corners of the through holes are uniformly provided with brackets with equal height;
the light source assembly comprises a first rotating shaft vertically arranged on the center of the side wall of the short side of the rectangular plate, a rotating disc horizontally and coaxially fixedly arranged at the top end of the first rotating shaft, and four light sources arranged on the rotating disc, wherein the rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the side wall of the short side of the rectangular plate, the diameter of the rotating disc is shorter than the width of the rectangular plate, the four light sources are respectively positioned at four circumferential equally-divided points of the edge of the top surface of the rotating disc, and the four light sources are respectively an incandescent lamp, an LED red light lamp, a sodium lamp and a deuterium lamp;
the polaroid assembly comprises a Y-shaped telescopic bracket vertically and fixedly arranged on the upper surface of one sliding table and a polaroid arranged at the top end of the Y-shaped telescopic bracket, wherein the polaroid is vertical to the sliding groove;
the optical element assembly comprises a second rotating shaft which is horizontally arranged, a cylindrical disc which is coaxially sleeved with the second rotating shaft, and four optical elements which are inlaid in the cylindrical disc, wherein the second rotating shaft is vertically arranged between a pair of plugging plates and is close to the central shaft of the upper surface of the rectangular plate, the diameter of the cylindrical disc is smaller than the long side distance of the square through hole, the column height of the cylindrical disc is smaller than the short side distance of the square through hole, the cylindrical disc is not contacted with the square through hole when rotating around the second rotating shaft, four horizontal through holes which penetrate through the cylindrical disc are symmetrically arranged on two mutually perpendicular diameter lines on the surface of the cylindrical disc, so that the four optical elements are inlaid on the cylindrical disc through the four horizontal through holes, and the four optical elements are respectively a single slit sheet, a double slit sheet, a grating and a monochromator;
the sample assembly comprises a cuboid-shaped sample cell to be measured, a fixed base fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the sample cell to be measured, a horizontal plate body connected with the fixed base, and a telescopic support rod which is connected with the horizontal plate body and the other sliding table and is vertically arranged, wherein the fixed base is equal to the bottom surface of the sample cell to be measured in size, an inner side wall cylindrical groove is formed in the center of the lower surface of the fixed base, a cylindrical protrusion with outer threads on the outer side wall of a cylindrical outer wall is formed in the center of the upper surface of the horizontal plate body, and the cylindrical groove is in threaded connection with the cylindrical protrusion;
the light screen assembly comprises a rectangular plate body vertical to the groove, a vertical telescopic bracket coaxially connected with a central shaft of the rectangular plate body and a darkroom sleeved on the whole guide rail assembly, wherein the other end of the telescopic bracket is fixedly connected with the rest sliding table, a detection screen of an ultraviolet-visible light detector which is equal to the rectangular plate body in size is arranged on the rectangular plate body, and the output end of the ultraviolet-visible light detector is connected with a display screen for displaying detected patterns and light intensity;
the light source component, the polaroid component, the optical element component, the sample component and the light screen component are on the same straight line and are sequentially arranged;
the polarizing plate is circular, the Y-shaped telescopic bracket is contacted with the lower half circumference of the polarizing plate, a groove with the same thickness as the polarizing plate is formed in the joint position of the Y-shaped telescopic bracket and the polarizing plate, and the polarizing plate is clamped in the groove and can rotate along the circumferential direction of the polarizing plate;
each optical element center to the radial line both sides of cylinder dish centre of a circle are equipped with a rectangular stopper with this radial line parallel respectively, the stopper not with square through-hole's lateral wall contact, the upper portion center department of shutoff board is equipped with vertical stand respectively, the stand not with the mesa contact of cylinder dish, the stopper that the cylinder dish crossed centre of a circle radial line both sides can with the stand is blocked in order to restrict the rotation of cylinder dish.
2. The spectrum analysis demonstrator of claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the sample cell to be measured and the lower bottom surface of the fixed base are respectively provided with magnetic sheets which are attracted to each other.
3. The spectroscopic analysis demonstration apparatus of claim 1, wherein the uv-vis detector is one of a photodiode array detector or a photomultiplier detector.
4. The spectroscopic demonstration apparatus of claim 1, wherein the sample cell to be measured is made of quartz glass.
5. The spectroscopic analysis demonstrator of claim 1, wherein the darkroom is a rectangular parallelepiped housing which is retractable along a long side, and wherein a short side of the rectangular parallelepiped housing is perpendicular to the rectangular plate and is disposed at an end of the rectangular plate remote from the light source assembly.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811302065.6A CN109192028B (en) | 2018-11-02 | 2018-11-02 | Spectrum analysis demonstration instrument |
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| CN201811302065.6A CN109192028B (en) | 2018-11-02 | 2018-11-02 | Spectrum analysis demonstration instrument |
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| CN109192028A CN109192028A (en) | 2019-01-11 |
| CN109192028B true CN109192028B (en) | 2023-09-22 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110556044A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-10 | 惠州学院 | Comprehensive spectrum demonstration instrument |
| CN112485899B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2023-03-28 | 上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院 | Method for setting compact structured light path |
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