CN109182790B - Fine treatment process for rare earth ore - Google Patents
Fine treatment process for rare earth ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN109182790B CN109182790B CN201811031717.7A CN201811031717A CN109182790B CN 109182790 B CN109182790 B CN 109182790B CN 201811031717 A CN201811031717 A CN 201811031717A CN 109182790 B CN109182790 B CN 109182790B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B59/00—Obtaining rare earth metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of rare earth production, and particularly relates to a fine treatment process of rare earth ore, which comprises the following steps: crushing and primarily filtering collected rare earth raw ore by a crushing device; adding calcium-containing minerals and carbon-containing solid reducing agents to the crushed rare earth ores; putting the rare earth ore into a smelting furnace for reduction smelting at the smelting temperature of 1500-; and cooling the obtained rare earth slag and molten iron, crushing the rare earth slag, and removing iron beads by adopting a magnetic separation mode to obtain the finished product of the rare earth slag. The invention can realize comprehensive crushing, ensure the sufficient chemical reaction of the rare earth raw ore and improve the enrichment rate of the rare earth.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rare earth production, and particularly relates to a fine treatment process for rare earth ore.
Background
Rare earth has a name of industrial vitamin, and is an extremely important strategic resource nowadays, the rare earth is generally separated in an oxide state, although the storage capacity on the earth is huge, the smelting and purification difficulty is high, the rare earth is rare, the rare earth is named, generally, the rare earth on the earth exists in a rare earth oxide form, and the rare earth is widely applied to various fields of military affairs, metallurgy, petrochemical industry, glass ceramics, agriculture and the like. Need smash the former ore of tombarthite before smelting the former ore of tombarthite, smash the efficiency that had been favorable to accelerating the smelting and also be favorable to increasing the extraction rate of tombarthite, but current reducing mechanism has the noise that produces big, the size after the former ore of tombarthite is smashed is inhomogeneous and the produced dust is more in the in-process of carrying out kibbling to the former ore of tombarthite, the problem of polluted environment and harm personnel's healthy, thereby the crushing process of the former ore of tombarthite is comparatively extensive, cause very big wasting of resources and environmental pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a rare earth ore fine treatment process, which dissolves acid impurities in rare earth ore in a special pickling mode, so that the rare earth ore is in a porous structure, reduces dust particles mixed with the rare earth ore in a cleaning mode, then puts the rare earth ore in the porous structure into crushing equipment for crushing, utilizes the collision between crushing teeth and the ore to ensure that the crushing teeth slide along the groove of a crushing rod, presses air in the cavity of the crushing rod into a bidirectional cylinder, ensures that the crushing rod slides up and down along a rotating shaft to realize efficient crushing, utilizes the rotation of the rotating shaft to ensure that a guide rod moves back and forth along a spiral groove and a vertical sliding groove of a guide seat, thereby realizing the swing of a turning rod, ensures that the turning plate shovels into the rare earth near a filter plate, and then lifts the rare earth for crushing, therefore, the rare earth ore is comprehensively crushed, the generated dust is less, the noise is low, and the consistency of the crushed rare earth ore is good.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a rare earth ore fine treatment process, which comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the mined rare earth ore into a jaw crusher for primary crushing to reduce the size of the rare earth ore properly;
s2, conveying the rare earth ore crushed in the step S1 to an acid washing tower through a conveyor belt for acid washing, washing the rare earth ore on the conveyor belt by using a spray head, and washing the rare earth ore by using the spray head to remove impurities on the surface;
s3, the rare earth ore enters from the top of the acid washing tower and falls to the bottom of the tower from the top of the tower, acid washing liquid is filled in the acid washing tower, and the acid washing liquid is used for dissolving acid impurities dissolved in the rare earth ore, so that the rare earth ore is in a porous state; the bottom of the acid washing tower is provided with an aeration head, the aeration head introduces air into the acid washing liquid, the falling of the ore is blocked by the air from bottom to top, meanwhile, the air ensures that the rare earth ore in the acid washing tower does not move regularly, the falling speed of the rare earth ore is delayed, the time of the rare earth ore in the acid washing liquid is increased, and the impurities in the rare earth ore are fully dissolved; the filling body with a sponge structure is arranged in the pickling tower, the diameter of a channel in the filling body is larger than that of the rare earth ore, air rises along the channel in the filling body, the strength of the rare earth ore is reduced due to the porous structure in the pickled rare earth ore, the rare earth ore is dispersed under the combined action of the filling body and the air, the collision among the rare earth ore can be reduced, and the rare earth ore is prevented from being crushed;
s4, conveying the rare earth ore falling to the bottom of the pickling tower to a spray chamber through a conveyor belt, and cleaning the rare earth ore by using clean water, wherein the clean water can clean the pickling solution on the surface of the rare earth ore, so that pollution caused by the pickling solution is avoided;
s5, conveying the rare earth ore cleaned in the step S4 to crushing equipment through a conveyor belt for crushing treatment, reducing crushing difficulty of the rare earth ore with a porous structure, reducing noise and dust, enabling the rare earth ore to be powdery, and realizing fine treatment of the rare earth ore;
s6, conveying the crushed rare earth ore of S5 to the next process by a conveyor belt;
the crushing equipment adopted in the method comprises a box body, a filter plate, a crushing unit and a turning unit, wherein a feeding hole is formed in the top of the box body, a material outlet is formed in the bottom of the box body, the bottom of the box body is in a conical funnel shape, and a discharge valve is arranged at the bottom of the box body; the filter plate is arranged at the bottom of the box body and is used for filtering the crushed rare earth ore; the crushing unit is arranged in the box body and is used for crushing rare earth ore in the box body so as to facilitate the next smelting, and the crushing unit comprises a rotating shaft, a crushing rod and a motor; the rotating shaft is vertically arranged in the box body and is positioned above the filter plate; the crushing rod is horizontally arranged on the rotating shaft and is used for crushing rare earth ore in the box body; the motor is arranged above the box body, an output shaft of the motor is connected with the rotating shaft, and the motor is used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate; the turning unit is positioned at the bottom of the box body, and the turning unit is matched with the crushing unit to lift the rare earth ore which is not completely crushed at the bottom of the box body, so that the crushing unit can crush the rare earth ore again, the rare earth ore is uniformly crushed, and the utilization rate of the rare earth ore is improved; wherein
The turning unit comprises a turning rod, a turning plate, a guide seat and a first spring, a counter bore is vertically arranged at the bottom end of the rotating shaft along the axis direction, and a through hole for the turning rod to pass through is horizontally arranged at one side of the counter bore; the turning rod horizontally penetrates through the through hole of the rotating shaft and is hinged with the rotating shaft at the position of the through hole, a turning plate is fixedly mounted at one end of the turning rod, which is positioned outside the rotating shaft, a guide rod is vertically fixed at the bottom of one end of the turning rod, which is positioned in the rotating shaft, and the guide rod is of an L-shaped structure; the guide seat is vertically and fixedly arranged on the filter plate, the outer circumferential surface of the guide seat is provided with a spiral groove, only one circle of spiral groove is arranged, and the upper end and the lower end of the spiral groove are communicated through a vertically arranged sliding chute; the first spring is arranged in a counter bore of the rotating shaft, the first spring is positioned above the turning rod, one end of the first spring is fixed at the bottom of the counter bore, and the other end of the first spring is connected with the turning rod; the lower end of the guide rod is positioned in the spiral groove of the guide seat, and the bottom end of the guide rod is positioned at the lowest position of the spiral groove of the guide seat under the action of the first spring; the turning plate is fixed at one end of the turning rod, which is positioned outside the rotating shaft, is positioned above the filter plate, the cross section of the turning plate is of a triangular structure, the turning plate shovels and throws up rare earth ores on the filter plate through the motion of the guide rod in the spiral groove of the guide seat, so that the crushing rod can be conveniently crushed again, and meanwhile, the filter plate can be prevented from being blocked. When the device works, the motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, the crushing rod moves to crush the rare earth ore in the box body, and the crushed rare earth ore flows out from a material outlet at the bottom of the box body after being filtered by the filter plate at the lower part, so that preparation is made for next smelting; in the process, the turning rod rotates along with the rotating shaft due to being hinged to the rotating shaft, the turning rod rotates to enable the guide rod to synchronously rotate, the guide seat is in a fixed state, the guide rod moves in the spiral groove of the guide seat to compress the spring I, so that the turning plate gradually swings downwards to shovel into the rare earth ore on the surface of the filter plate, the rare earth ore is shoveled, when the guide rod moves to the highest position of the spiral groove in the spiral groove of the guide seat, the spring I presses the turning rod downwards due to the pressure of the spring I, the guide rod rapidly moves to the lowest point of the spiral groove along the spiral groove of the guide seat, and when the guide rod moves downwards along the spiral groove of the guide seat, one end, fixed with the turning plate, of the turning rod is rapidly bounced, so that the rare earth ore on the turning plate is lifted, the rare earth ore on the surface of the filter plate can be crushed again; the pivot continues to rotate, and the guide bar is once more along the helicla flute upward movement of guide holder, and the messenger turns over the board and shovels into the tombarthite ore on filter plate surface once more inside to carry out the next turn, the back and forth movement of guide bar in guide holder helicla flute and spout makes to turn over the board and repeatedly raise tombarthite ore, smashes the pole smoothly to it, thereby has realized the effective crushing of tombarthite ore.
The bottom of the turning plate is provided with a cleaning brush which is used for cleaning the surface of the filter plate, so that the filter plate is prevented from being blocked and the filtering effect of the filter plate is improved. When turning over the board and rotating along with the pivot, the clearance brush that turns over the board bottom scrapes the tombarthite ore on filter plate surface to make the better filter plate that passes through of tombarthite ore after smashing, improved filterable effect.
Still be provided with the flight in the pivot, the flight is located the below of smashing the pole, and the flight is located the top of turning over the pole, and the flight is used for upwards promoting the tombarthite ore of box lower part, improves the kibbling effect of smashing the pole. The helical blade is driven to rotate when the rotating shaft rotates, and the raised rare earth ore is pushed upwards along with the rare earth ore on the lower part of the box body by the helical blade, so that the rare earth ore inside the box body is uniformly crushed.
The surface of the rotating shaft is vertically provided with sliding grooves along the axis direction, sliding seats are arranged in the sliding grooves, a plurality of sliding seats are vertically arranged in the sliding grooves, a central hole is vertically formed in the middle position in the rotating shaft, through grooves are formed in the sliding grooves along the radial direction of the rotating shaft, the number of the through grooves is the same as that of the sliding seats, the through grooves are communicated with the central hole of the rotating shaft, two-way cylinders are vertically arranged in the central hole of the rotating shaft, the number of the two-way cylinders is the same as that of the sliding seats, the two-way cylinders are vertically arranged, piston rods between the two-way cylinders are connected through a third spring, piston rods of the two-way cylinders at the top and the bottom are connected with the inner wall of the central hole through a; the utility model discloses a crushing pole, including crushing pole, fixed block, two crushing teeth, crushing pole, the cavity is provided with along length direction, the cavity extends to pivot direction and link up slide and fixed block and extend to two-way cylinder in, crushing pole surface is provided with the recess along vertical direction, the recess link up the upper and lower surface of crushing pole and communicates with each other with the inside cavity of crushing pole, be provided with the crushing tooth of longitudinal symmetry in the recess, it can slide in the recess to smash the tooth, two in the same recess are smashed and are realized connecting through four springs between the tooth. When the pivot rotated, driven crushing pole and rotated, smashed tooth and tombarthite ore striking and up-and-down motion in the recess of crushing pole, impressed the two-way cylinder with the air in the cavity to drive crushing pole up-and-down motion, be favorable to improving the crushing effect of crushing pole to tombarthite ore.
The upper surface that turns over the board is provided with dentate arch, and dentate arch can enough realize the preliminary breakage to the tombarthite ore when turning over the board and shoveling the tombarthite ore on filter plate surface, can make more tombarthite ore remain again turning over the board to the improvement turns over the effect that the board was raised the tombarthite ore.
The end part of the crushing rod is provided with a magnet, and a material shaking plate is arranged on the inner wall of the box body at a position corresponding to the magnet; the surface of the material shaking plate is also provided with a magnet, the material shaking plate is connected with the inner wall of the box body through a spring V, and an elastic air bag is arranged between the material shaking plate and the inner wall of the box body; the grinding disc is arranged in the box body and located below the filter plate, a leakage hole is formed in the grinding disc, a sink groove is formed in the position of the grinding disc on the side wall of the box body, a gear is arranged on the outer side of the box body, a tooth-shaped structure is arranged on the circumferential surface of the grinding disc, the gear is meshed with the grinding disc, an impeller is coaxially installed on the gear, an air outlet of the elastic air bag extends to the position of the impeller through a hose, and the elastic air bag is used for generating compressed air to drive the impeller to rotate. When the crushing rod rotates, the magnet is driven to move, and the magnet and the material shaking plate are intermittently attracted to enable the material shaking plate to shake up and down, so that ore on the material shaking plate is flicked to the crushing rod, and the crushing effect is improved; on the other hand, the material shaking plate compresses the elastic air bag to generate compressed air, the compressed air drives the impeller to rotate, the impeller drives the gear to rotate, the motion of the grinding disc is realized through gear transmission, the grinding disc and the filter plate further grind the ore, and the crushing effect is improved.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention relates to a rare earth ore fine processing technology, which dissolves acid impurities in rare earth ore through a special pickling mode, thereby leading the rare earth ore to be in a porous structure, reducing dust particles mixed with the rare earth ore through a cleaning mode, then throwing the rare earth ore in the porous structure into crushing equipment for crushing, leading crushing teeth to slide along a groove of a crushing rod by the adopted crushing equipment through the collision of the crushing teeth and the ore, pressing air in a cavity of the crushing rod into a bidirectional cylinder, leading the crushing rod to slide up and down along a rotating shaft to realize efficient crushing, leading a guide rod to realize back and forth movement along a spiral groove and a vertical sliding groove of a guide seat by the rotation of the rotating shaft, further realizing the swing of a turning rod, leading the turning plate to be shoveled into the rare earth near a filter plate, then lifting the rare earth for crushing, and further realizing the comprehensive crushing of the rare earth ore, the produced dust is less, the noise is low, and simultaneously the consistency of the crushed rare earth ore is good.
2. According to the rare earth ore fine treatment process, the tooth-shaped protrusions are arranged on the turning plate, so that the turning plate can be used for shoveling rare earth into the rare earth to realize primary crushing of the rare earth, more rare earth can be left on the turning plate, sufficient rare earth is lifted in the process of quickly bouncing the turning plate, and the rare earth crushing effect is improved.
3. According to the rare earth ore fine treatment process, the raised rare earth is pushed upwards along with the rare earth at the bottom of the box body by arranging the spiral piece, so that the crushing rod can crush the rare earth conveniently, and the crushing effect is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the flap of the present invention mounted on the trip lever;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the guide base of the present invention with spiral grooves and runners;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention at A in FIG. 2;
in the figure: the device comprises a box body 1, a filter plate 2, a crushing unit 3, a turning unit 4, a feed inlet 11, a material outlet 12, a rotating shaft 31, a crushing rod 32, a motor 33, a turning rod 41, a turning plate 42, a guide seat 43, a counter bore 311, a guide rod 44, a spiral groove 431, a sliding groove 432, a cleaning brush 45, a spiral sheet 34, a sliding groove 312, a sliding seat 35, a bidirectional air cylinder 36, a fixed block 37, a cavity 321, crushing teeth 38, a tooth-shaped bulge 421, a magnet 39, a material shaking plate 5, an elastic air bag 6, a grinding disc 7, a gear 8 and an impeller 9.
Detailed Description
A process for refining a rare earth ore according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 1 to 5.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the process for refining rare earth ore according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the mined rare earth ore into a jaw crusher for primary crushing to reduce the size of the rare earth ore properly;
s2, conveying the rare earth ore crushed in the step S1 to an acid washing tower through a conveyor belt for acid washing, washing the rare earth ore on the conveyor belt by using a spray head, and washing the rare earth ore by using the spray head to remove impurities on the surface;
s3, the rare earth ore enters from the top of the acid washing tower and falls to the bottom of the tower from the top of the tower, acid washing liquid is filled in the acid washing tower, and the acid washing liquid is used for dissolving acid impurities dissolved in the rare earth ore, so that the rare earth ore is in a porous state; the bottom of the acid washing tower is provided with an aeration head, the aeration head introduces air into the acid washing liquid, the falling of the ore is blocked by the air from bottom to top, meanwhile, the air ensures that the rare earth ore in the acid washing tower does not move regularly, the falling speed of the rare earth ore is delayed, the time of the rare earth ore in the acid washing liquid is increased, and the impurities in the rare earth ore are fully dissolved; the filling body with a sponge structure is arranged in the pickling tower, the diameter of a channel in the filling body is larger than that of the rare earth ore, air rises along the channel in the filling body, the strength of the rare earth ore is reduced due to the porous structure in the pickled rare earth ore, the rare earth ore is dispersed under the combined action of the filling body and the air, the collision among the rare earth ore can be reduced, and the rare earth ore is prevented from being crushed;
s4, conveying the rare earth ore falling to the bottom of the pickling tower to a spray chamber through a conveyor belt, and cleaning the rare earth ore by using clean water, wherein the clean water can clean the pickling solution on the surface of the rare earth ore, so that pollution caused by the pickling solution is avoided;
s5, conveying the rare earth ore cleaned in the step S4 to crushing equipment through a conveyor belt for crushing treatment, reducing crushing difficulty of the rare earth ore with a porous structure, reducing noise and dust, enabling the rare earth ore to be powdery, and realizing fine treatment of the rare earth ore;
s6, conveying the crushed rare earth ore of S5 to the next process by a conveyor belt;
the crushing equipment adopted in the method comprises a box body 1, a filter plate 2, a crushing unit 3 and a turning unit 4, wherein a feeding hole 11 is formed in the top of the box body 1, a material outlet 12 is formed in the bottom of the box body 1, the bottom of the box body 1 is in a conical funnel shape, and a discharge valve is arranged at the bottom of the box body 1; the filter plate 2 is arranged at the bottom of the box body 1, and the filter plate 2 is used for filtering the crushed rare earth ore; the crushing unit 3 is arranged in the box body 1, the crushing unit 3 is used for crushing rare earth ore in the box body 1 to facilitate the next smelting, and the crushing unit 3 comprises a rotating shaft 31, a crushing rod 32 and a motor 33; the rotating shaft 31 is vertically arranged in the box body 1, and the rotating shaft 31 is positioned above the filter plate 2; the crushing rod 32 is horizontally arranged on the rotating shaft 31, and the crushing rod 32 is used for crushing rare earth ore in the box body 1; the motor 33 is arranged above the box body 1, an output shaft of the motor 33 is connected with the rotating shaft 31, and the motor 33 is used for driving the rotating shaft 31 to rotate; the turning unit 4 is positioned at the bottom of the box body 1, and the turning unit 4 is matched with the crushing unit 3 to lift the incompletely crushed rare earth ore at the bottom of the box body 1, so that the crushing unit 3 can crush the rare earth ore again, the uniform crushing of the rare earth ore is ensured, and the utilization rate of the rare earth ore is improved; wherein
The turning unit 4 comprises a turning rod 41, a turning plate 42, a guide seat 43 and a first spring, a counter bore 311 is vertically arranged at the bottom end of the rotating shaft 31 along the axis direction, and a through hole for the turning rod 41 to pass through is horizontally arranged at one side of the counter bore 311; the turning rod 41 horizontally penetrates through a through hole of the rotating shaft 31 and is hinged with the rotating shaft 31 at the position of the through hole, a turning plate 42 is fixedly installed at one end, located on the outer side of the rotating shaft 31, of the turning rod 41, a guide rod 44 is vertically fixed at the bottom of one end, located in the rotating shaft 31, of the turning rod 41, and the guide rod 44 is of an L-shaped structure; the guide seat 43 is vertically and fixedly installed on the filter plate 2, the outer circumferential surface of the guide seat 43 is provided with a spiral groove 431, the spiral groove 431 is provided with only one circle, and the upper end and the lower end of the spiral groove 431 are communicated through a vertically arranged sliding groove 432; the first spring is arranged in the counterbore 311 of the rotating shaft 31, the first spring is positioned above the turning rod 41, one end of the first spring is fixed at the bottom of the counterbore 311, and the other end of the first spring is connected with the turning rod 41; the lower end of the guide rod 44 is positioned in the spiral groove 431 of the guide seat 43, and the bottom end of the guide rod 44 is positioned at the lowest position of the spiral groove 431 of the guide seat 43 under the action of the first spring; the turning plate 42 is fixed at one end of the turning rod 41, which is positioned at the outer side of the rotating shaft 31, the turning plate 42 is positioned above the filter plate 2, the section of the turning plate 42 is of a triangular structure, the turning plate 42 shovels and throws the rare earth ore on the filter plate 2 upwards through the movement of the guide rod 44 in the spiral groove 431 of the guide seat 43, so that the crushing rod 32 can be conveniently crushed again, and meanwhile, the blockage of the filter plate 2 can be avoided. When the device works, the motor 33 drives the rotating shaft 31 to rotate, the crushing rod 32 moves to crush the rare earth ore in the box body 1, and the crushed rare earth ore is filtered by the filter plate 2 at the lower part and flows out from the material outlet 12 at the bottom of the box body 1 to prepare for the next smelting; in the process, the turning rod 41 is hinged on the rotating shaft 31 and rotates along with the rotating shaft 31, the turning rod 41 rotates to enable the guide rod 44 to synchronously rotate, because the guide seat 43 is in a fixed state, the guide rod 44 moves in the spiral groove 431 of the guide seat 43 to compress the spring once, so that the turning plate 42 gradually swings downwards to shovel into the rare earth ore on the surface of the filter plate 2 to shovel the rare earth ore, when the guide rod 44 moves to the highest position of the spiral groove 431 in the spiral groove 431 of the guide seat 43, because of the pressure of the spring, the turning rod 41 is pressed downwards by the spring once, so that the guide rod 44 quickly moves to the lowest point of the spiral groove 431 along the chute 432 of the guide seat 43, when the guide rod 44 moves downwards along the chute 432 of the guide seat 43, one end of the turning rod 41 fixed with the turning plate 42 is quickly bounced, so that the rare earth ore on the turning plate 42 is bounced, and the rare earth ore on the surface of the filter plate 2, the crushing effect is improved; the rotating shaft 31 continues to rotate, the guide rod 44 moves upwards again along the spiral groove 431 of the guide seat 43, the turning plate 42 is enabled to be shoveled into the rare earth ore on the surface of the filter plate 2 again, the next turning is carried out, the guide rod 44 moves back and forth in the spiral groove 431 and the sliding groove 432 of the guide seat 43, the turning plate 42 is enabled to repeatedly raise the rare earth ore, the crushing rod 32 smoothly crushes the rare earth ore, and therefore the effective crushing of the rare earth ore is achieved.
As shown in fig. 3, a cleaning brush 45 is disposed at the bottom of the turning plate 42, and the cleaning brush 45 is used for cleaning the surface of the filter plate 2, so as to prevent the filter plate 2 from being blocked and improve the filtering effect of the filter plate 2. When the turning plate 42 rotates along with the rotating shaft 31, the cleaning brush 45 at the bottom of the turning plate 42 scrapes the rare earth ore on the surface of the filter plate 2, so that the crushed rare earth ore can better pass through the filter plate 2, and the filtering effect is improved.
As shown in fig. 2, the rotating shaft 31 is further provided with a spiral piece 34, the spiral piece 34 is located below the crushing rod 32, the spiral piece 34 is located above the turning rod 41, and the spiral piece 34 is used for pushing the rare earth ore at the lower part of the box body 1 upwards, so that the crushing effect of the crushing rod 32 is improved. The spiral piece 34 is driven to rotate when the rotating shaft 31 rotates, the rare earth ore lifted by the spiral piece 34 is upwards pushed along with the rare earth ore on the lower part of the box body 1, and therefore the rare earth ore inside the box body 1 is uniformly crushed.
As shown in fig. 2 and 5, a plurality of sliding grooves 312 are vertically formed in the surface of the rotating shaft 31 along the axis direction, a sliding base 35 is arranged in each sliding groove 312, a plurality of sliding bases 35 are vertically arranged in each sliding groove 312, a central hole is vertically formed in the middle position in the rotating shaft 31, through grooves are arranged in each sliding groove 312 along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 31, the number of the through grooves is the same as that of the sliding bases 35, the through grooves are communicated with the central holes of the rotating shaft 31, two-way cylinders 36 are vertically arranged in the central holes of the rotating shaft 31, the number of the two-way cylinders 36 is the same as that of the sliding bases 35, piston rods between the two-way cylinders 36 are vertically arranged, the piston rods of the two-way cylinders 36 are connected through a spring III, the piston rods of the two-way cylinders 36 at the top and at the bottom are connected with the inner; the crushing rod 32 is installed on the slide 35, the crushing rod 32 is horizontally arranged, a cavity 321 is formed in the crushing rod 32 along the length direction, the cavity 321 extends towards the direction of the rotating shaft 31 to penetrate through the slide 35 and the fixing block 37 and extends into the bidirectional cylinder 36, a groove is formed in the surface of the crushing rod 32 along the vertical direction, the groove penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of the crushing rod 32 and is communicated with the cavity 321 in the crushing rod 32, the crushing teeth 38 which are vertically symmetrical are arranged in the groove, the crushing teeth 38 can slide in the groove, and the two crushing teeth 38 in the same groove are connected through a spring. When the rotating shaft 31 rotates, the crushing rod 32 is driven to rotate, the crushing teeth 38 collide with the rare earth ore and move up and down in the groove of the crushing rod 32, air in the cavity 321 is pressed into the bidirectional cylinder 36, and therefore the crushing rod 32 is driven to move up and down, and the crushing effect of the crushing rod 32 on the rare earth ore is improved.
As shown in fig. 3, the upper surface of the turning plate 42 is provided with the tooth-shaped protrusion 421, and the tooth-shaped protrusion 421 can not only realize preliminary crushing of rare earth ore when the turning plate 42 shovels the rare earth ore on the surface of the filter plate 2, but also retain more rare earth ore on the turning plate 42, thereby improving the effect of raising the rare earth ore by the turning plate 42.
As shown in fig. 2, a magnet 39 is arranged at the end of the pulverizing rod 32, and a material shaking plate 5 is arranged on the inner wall of the box body 1 corresponding to the magnet 39; the surface of the material shaking plate 5 is also provided with a magnet 39, the material shaking plate 5 is connected with the inner wall of the box body 1 through a spring five, and an elastic air bag 6 is arranged between the material shaking plate 5 and the inner wall of the box body 1; the grinding disc 7 is arranged inside the box body 1, the grinding disc 7 is located below the filter plate 2, a leak hole is formed in the grinding disc 7, a sink groove is formed in the position of the grinding disc 7 on the side wall of the box body 1, a gear 8 is arranged on the outer side of the box body 1, a tooth-shaped structure is arranged on the circumferential surface of the grinding disc 7, the gear 8 is meshed with the grinding disc 7, an impeller 9 is coaxially installed on the gear 8, an air outlet of the elastic air bag 6 extends to the position of the impeller 9 through a hose, and the elastic air bag 6 is used for generating compressed air to drive the impeller 9 to rotate. When the crushing rod 32 rotates, the magnet 39 is driven to move, the magnet 39 and the material shaking plate 5 are intermittently attracted to enable the material shaking plate 5 to shake up and down, so that ore on the material shaking plate 5 is flicked to the crushing rod 32, and the crushing effect is improved; on the other hand, tremble flitch 5 and compress the production compressed air to elastic airbag 6, compressed air drive impeller 9 rotates, and impeller 9 drives gear 8 and rotates, realizes the motion of abrasive disc 7 through gear drive, and abrasive disc 7 carries out further grinding to the ore with filter plate 2, improves kibbling effect.
The specific process is as follows:
when the device works, the motor 33 drives the rotating shaft 31 to rotate, the crushing rod 32 moves to crush the rare earth ore in the box body 1, and the crushed rare earth ore is filtered by the filter plate 2 at the lower part and flows out from the material outlet 12 at the bottom of the box body 1 to prepare for the next smelting; in the process, the turning rod 41 is hinged on the rotating shaft 31 and rotates along with the rotating shaft 31, the turning rod 41 rotates to enable the guide rod 44 to synchronously rotate, because the guide seat 43 is in a fixed state, the guide rod 44 moves in the spiral groove 431 of the guide seat 43 to compress the spring once, so that the turning plate 42 gradually swings downwards to shovel into the rare earth ore on the surface of the filter plate 2 to shovel the rare earth ore, when the guide rod 44 moves to the highest position of the spiral groove 431 in the spiral groove 431 of the guide seat 43, because of the pressure of the spring, the turning rod 41 is pressed downwards by the spring once, so that the guide rod 44 quickly moves to the lowest point of the spiral groove 431 along the chute 432 of the guide seat 43, when the guide rod 44 moves downwards along the chute 432 of the guide seat 43, one end of the turning rod 41 fixed with the turning plate 42 is quickly bounced, so that the rare earth ore on the turning plate 42 is bounced, and the rare earth ore on the surface of the filter plate 2, the crushing effect is improved; the rotating shaft 31 continues to rotate, the guide rod 44 moves upwards again along the spiral groove 431 of the guide seat 43, the turning plate 42 is enabled to be shoveled into the rare earth ore on the surface of the filter plate 2 again, the next turning is carried out, the guide rod 44 moves back and forth in the spiral groove 431 and the sliding groove 432 of the guide seat 43, the turning plate 42 is enabled to repeatedly raise the rare earth ore, the crushing rod 32 smoothly crushes the rare earth ore, and therefore the effective crushing of the rare earth ore is achieved.
The spiral piece 34 is driven to rotate when the rotating shaft 31 rotates, the rare earth ore lifted by the spiral piece 34 is upwards pushed along with the rare earth ore on the lower part of the box body 1, and therefore the rare earth ore inside the box body 1 is uniformly crushed. When the rotating shaft 31 rotates, the crushing rod 32 is driven to rotate, the crushing teeth 38 collide with the rare earth ore and move up and down in the groove of the crushing rod 32, air in the cavity 321 is pressed into the bidirectional cylinder 36, and therefore the crushing rod 32 is driven to move up and down, and the crushing effect of the crushing rod 32 on the rare earth ore is improved.
When the crushing rod 32 rotates, the magnet 39 is driven to move, the magnet 39 and the material shaking plate 5 are intermittently attracted to enable the material shaking plate 5 to shake up and down, so that ore on the material shaking plate 5 is flicked to the crushing rod 32, and the crushing effect is improved; on the other hand, tremble flitch 5 and compress the production compressed air to elastic airbag 6, compressed air drive impeller 9 rotates, and impeller 9 drives gear 8 and rotates, realizes the motion of abrasive disc 7 through gear drive, and abrasive disc 7 carries out further grinding to the ore with filter plate 2, improves kibbling effect.
While one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Industrial applicability
According to the rare earth ore fine treatment process, the acid-soluble impurities in the rare earth ore are dissolved in a special pickling mode, so that the rare earth ore is in a porous structure, dust particles mixed with the rare earth ore are reduced in a cleaning mode, then the rare earth ore in the porous structure is thrown into crushing equipment for crushing, the generated dust is less, the noise is low, and meanwhile, the consistency of the crushed rare earth ore is good, so that the rare earth ore fine treatment process is useful in the field of rare earth production.
Claims (6)
1. A fine treatment process of rare earth ore is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, placing the mined rare earth ore into a jaw crusher for primary crushing;
s2, conveying the rare earth ore crushed in the step S1 to an acid washing tower through a conveyor belt for acid washing, and washing the rare earth ore on the conveyor belt by using a spray head;
s3, the rare earth ore enters from the top of the acid washing tower and falls to the bottom of the tower from the top of the tower, acid washing liquid is filled in the acid washing tower, and the acid washing liquid is used for dissolving acid impurities dissolved in the rare earth ore, so that the rare earth ore is in a porous state; the bottom of the acid washing tower is provided with an aeration head, the aeration head introduces air into the acid washing liquid, the air ensures that the rare earth ore in the acid washing tower does not move regularly, and the descending speed of the rare earth ore is delayed, so that impurities in the rare earth ore are fully dissolved; the pickling tower is internally provided with a filling body with a sponge structure, the diameter of a channel inside the filling body is larger than that of the rare earth ore, air rises along the channel inside the filling body, and under the combined action of the filling body and the air, the collision among the rare earth ore can be reduced, and the rare earth ore is prevented from being crushed;
s4, conveying the rare earth ore falling to the bottom of the pickling tower to a spraying chamber through a conveyor belt, and cleaning the rare earth ore by using clean water;
s5, conveying the rare earth ore cleaned in the S4 mode to crushing equipment through a conveyor belt for crushing treatment;
s6, conveying the crushed rare earth ore of S5 to the next process by a conveyor belt;
the crushing equipment adopted in the method comprises a box body (1), a filter plate (2), a crushing unit (3) and a turning unit (4), wherein a feeding hole (11) is formed in the top of the box body (1), a material outlet (12) is formed in the bottom of the box body (1), the bottom of the box body (1) is in a conical funnel shape, and a discharge valve is arranged at the bottom of the box body (1); the filter plate (2) is arranged at the bottom of the box body (1), and the filter plate (2) is used for filtering the crushed rare earth ore; the crushing unit (3) is arranged in the box body (1), the crushing unit (3) is used for crushing rare earth ore in the box body (1) to facilitate smelting in the next step, and the crushing unit (3) comprises a rotating shaft (31), a crushing rod (32) and a motor (33); the rotating shaft (31) is vertically arranged in the box body (1), and the rotating shaft (31) is positioned above the filter plate (2); the crushing rod (32) is horizontally arranged on the rotating shaft (31), and the crushing rod (32) is used for crushing rare earth ore in the box body (1); the motor (33) is arranged above the box body (1), an output shaft of the motor (33) is connected with the rotating shaft (31), and the motor (33) is used for driving the rotating shaft (31) to rotate; the turning unit (4) is positioned at the bottom of the box body (1), and the turning unit (4) is matched with the crushing unit (3) to lift the incompletely crushed rare earth ore at the bottom of the box body (1), so that the crushing unit (3) can crush the rare earth ore again, the uniform crushing of the rare earth ore is ensured, and the utilization rate of the rare earth ore is improved; wherein
The turning unit (4) comprises a turning rod (41), a turning plate (42), a guide seat (43) and a first spring, a counter bore (311) is vertically arranged at the bottom end of the rotating shaft (31) along the axis direction, and a through hole for the turning rod (41) to pass through is horizontally arranged on one side of the counter bore (311); the turning rod (41) horizontally penetrates through a through hole of the rotating shaft (31) and is hinged with the rotating shaft (31) at the position of the through hole, a turning plate (42) is fixedly installed at one end, located on the outer side of the rotating shaft (31), of the turning rod (41), a guide rod (44) is vertically fixed at the bottom of one end, located in the rotating shaft (31), of the turning rod (41), and the guide rod (44) is of an L-shaped structure; the guide seat (43) is vertically and fixedly installed on the filter plate (2), the outer circumferential surface of the guide seat (43) is provided with a spiral groove (431), the spiral groove (431) is only provided with one circle, and the upper end and the lower end of the spiral groove (431) are communicated through a vertically arranged sliding groove (432); the first spring is arranged in a counter bore (311) of the rotating shaft (31), the first spring is positioned above the turning rod (41), one end of the first spring is fixed at the bottom of the counter bore (311), and the other end of the first spring is connected with the turning rod (41); the lower end of the guide rod (44) is positioned in the spiral groove (431) of the guide seat (43), and the bottom end of the guide rod (44) is positioned at the lowest position of the spiral groove (431) of the guide seat (43) under the action of the first spring; turning over board (42) are fixed and are located the one end in pivot (31) outside turning over pole (41), turn over board (42) and are located filter plate (2) top, turn over board (42) cross-section and be the triangle-shaped structure, turn over board (42) and pass through guide bar (44) and shovel and upwards shed the tombarthite ore on filter plate (2) at guide seat (43) helicla flute (431) internal motion, are convenient for smash once more of pole (32), can avoid the jam of filter plate (2) simultaneously.
2. The process for refining rare earth ore according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the turning plate (42) is provided with a cleaning brush (45), and the cleaning brush (45) is used for cleaning the surface of the filter plate (2), so that the blockage of the filter plate (2) is avoided, and the filtering effect of the filter plate (2) is improved.
3. The process for refining rare earth ore according to claim 1, wherein: still be provided with flight (34) on pivot (31), flight (34) are located the below of smashing pole (32), and flight (34) are located the top of turning over pole (41), and flight (34) are used for upwards promoting the tombarthite ore of box (1) lower part, improve the kibbling effect of smashing pole (32).
4. The process for refining rare earth ore according to claim 1, wherein: the surface of the rotating shaft (31) is vertically provided with a sliding groove (312) along the axis direction, a sliding seat (35) is arranged in the sliding groove (312), a plurality of sliding seats (35) are vertically arranged in the sliding groove (312), a central hole is vertically arranged at the middle position in the rotating shaft (31), through grooves are arranged in the sliding groove (312) along the radial direction of the rotating shaft (31), the number of the through grooves is the same as that of the sliding seats (35), the through grooves are communicated with the central hole of the rotating shaft (31), the rotating shaft (31) is vertically provided with two-way cylinders (36) in the central hole, the number of the two-way cylinders (36) is the same as that of the sliding seats (35), the two-way cylinders (36) are vertically arranged, piston rods between the two-way cylinders (36) are connected through a spring III, piston rods of the two-way cylinders (36) at the top and the bottom are connected with the, the bidirectional cylinder (36) is connected with the sliding seat (35) through a fixing block (37) penetrating through the through groove; smash pole (32) and install on slide (35), smash pole (32) level setting, smash pole (32) inside along length direction be provided with cavity (321), cavity (321) extend to pivot (31) direction and link up slide (35) and fixed block (37) and extend to in two-way cylinder (36), smash pole (32) surface is provided with the recess along vertical direction, the recess link up the upper and lower surface of smashing pole (32) and communicate with each other with the inside cavity (321) of smashing pole (32), be provided with the crushing tooth (38) of longitudinal symmetry in the recess, smash tooth (38) and can slide in the recess, two in the same recess smash between tooth (38) and realize connecting through four springs.
5. The process for refining rare earth ore according to claim 1, wherein: the upper surface that turns over board (42) is provided with dentate bulge (421), and dentate bulge (421) can enough realize the preliminary breakage to the tombarthite ore when turning over board (42) and shoveling the tombarthite ore on filter plate (2) surface, can make more tombarthite ore remain again on turning over board (42) to improve and turn over the effect that board (42) was raised the tombarthite ore.
6. The process for refining rare earth ore according to claim 1, wherein: a magnet (39) is arranged at the end part of the crushing rod (32), and a material shaking plate (5) is arranged on the inner wall of the box body (1) at a position corresponding to the magnet (39); the surface of the material shaking plate (5) is also provided with a magnet (39), the material shaking plate (5) is connected with the inner wall of the box body (1) through a spring five, and an elastic air bag (6) is arranged between the material shaking plate (5) and the inner wall of the box body (1); the grinding disc (7) is arranged inside the box body (1), the grinding disc (7) is located below the filter plate (2), a leakage hole is formed in the grinding disc (7), a sink groove is formed in the position of the grinding disc (7) on the side wall of the box body (1), a gear (8) is arranged on the outer side of the box body (1), a tooth-shaped structure is arranged on the circumferential surface of the grinding disc (7), the gear (8) is meshed with the grinding disc (7), an impeller (9) is coaxially arranged on the gear (8), the air outlet of the elastic air bag (6) extends to the position of the impeller (9) through a hose, and the elastic air bag (6) is used for generating compressed air to drive the impeller (9) to rotate.
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| CN112337612A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-02-09 | 胡传艳 | Efficient anti-blocking kitchen waste treatment device and waste treatment method thereof |
| CN113000176A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-06-22 | 上海瑢端金属冶炼有限公司 | Centrifugal coal processing apparatus |
| CN113244992B (en) * | 2021-05-15 | 2022-06-17 | 江西纬宏锂业有限公司 | Ore dressing crushing levigating equipment |
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