CN109175360B - Preparation process based on powder sintering in-situ accomplishes high-manganses aluminum high-strength steel porous - Google Patents
Preparation process based on powder sintering in-situ accomplishes high-manganses aluminum high-strength steel porous Download PDFInfo
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- CN109175360B CN109175360B CN201811348666.0A CN201811348666A CN109175360B CN 109175360 B CN109175360 B CN 109175360B CN 201811348666 A CN201811348666 A CN 201811348666A CN 109175360 B CN109175360 B CN 109175360B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1103—Making porous workpieces or articles with particular physical characteristics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1017—Multiple heating or additional steps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation processes based on powder sintering in-situ accomplishes high-manganses aluminum high-strength steel porous, include following steps: 1) weighing element iron powder, element manganese powder, element aluminium powder and element carbon dust respectively, it is mixed under vacuum conditions, obtains the mixed-powder of distributed components；2) mixed-powder is suppressed into original green compact, used pressing mode is compression molding, and press temperature is room temperature；3) original green compact are subjected to multi-temperature section and keep the temperature vacuum-sintering, vacuum degree≤5x10 in sintering process in furnace‑3Pa cools down gained green compact using vacuum air-quenching after sintering, obtains the high-manganses aluminum Multi-hole steel with aperture gap structure.The present invention carries out pore-creating in situ with the constituent element of Multi-hole steel itself, avoids pollution of the additional pore forming material to Multi-hole steel base material composition；Realize being prepared in situ for the high-manganses aluminum Multi-hole steel of high porosity；The pore-creating that distils inside sintered body for manganese under high temperature provides safeguard.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to porous metal material preparation fields, more particularly to one kind to be based on powder sintering in-situ accomplishes Gao Meng
The preparation process of aluminium high-strength steel porous.
Background technique
In high-strength steel family, it is in recent years that high-manganses aluminum high-strength steel, which has the advantages such as high-strength tenacity, low-density and low cost,
The study frontier and hot spot in automobile steel field.But compared with the light alloys such as aluminium, magnesium, there are still intrinsic close for high-manganses aluminum high-strength steel
Big disadvantage is spent, the realization of automotive light weight technology is unfavorable for.High-manganses aluminum Multi-hole steel is developed, can integrate and play porous structure and high-strength
The respective performance advantage of steel is the important measures of automobile lightweight.Porous structure is to realize Anti-knocking, energy-absorbing buffering and disappear
The ideal structure of the functions such as sound damping；And the high-strength tenacity of high-manganses aluminum high-strength steel, excellent heat resistance and weldability are to be promoted
The service performance of Multi-hole steel provides guarantee.Therefore, the research for carrying out high-manganses aluminum high-strength steel porous preparation method, can not only
Material guarantee is provided the characteristics of its structure-function integration to give full play to, moreover it is possible to effectively push the lightweight and energy conservation of automobile
Emission reduction gathers around in auto industry field and has broad application prospects.The method of existing preparation Multi-hole steel mainly has at present: solution foaming
Method, infiltration casting, pore creating material sintering process and fiber sintering method etc..The above method there are pore-creating at high cost, pore-creating low efficiency or
Pore forming material pollutes the disadvantages of steel matrix.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of systems based on powder sintering in-situ accomplishes high-manganses aluminum high-strength steel porous
Standby technique, using the intrinsic constituent element pore-creating of high-manganses aluminum Multi-hole steel, pore-creating is synchronous with alloying to be carried out, and is realized and is combined pore-creating
The compatibility of cost, pore-creating efficiency and pore forming material and steel matrix.
The technical proposal adopted by the invention to solve the above technical problems is that: it is based on powder sintering in-situ accomplishes high-manganses aluminum
The preparation process of high-strength steel porous, includes following steps:
1) element iron powder, element manganese powder, element aluminium powder and element carbon dust are weighed respectively, are mixed under vacuum conditions,
Obtain the mixed-powder of distributed components；The quality proportioning of each raw material powder is: Mn 20%-45%, Al 10%-
20%, C 0.5%-1.5%, Fe are surplus；
2) mixed-powder is suppressed into original green compact, used pressing mode is compression molding, and press temperature is room
Temperature；
3) original green compact are subjected to multi-temperature section and keep the temperature vacuum-sintering, vacuum degree≤5x10 in sintering process in furnace-3Pa,
Gained green compact is cooled down using vacuum air-quenching after sintering, obtains the high-manganses aluminum Multi-hole steel with aperture gap structure.
According to the above scheme, the specific heating during the vacuum-sintering and heat preservation method are: the first sintering temperature section,
Original green compact are heated to 630-650 DEG C from room temperature with the heating rate of 5-10 DEG C/min, keep the temperature 1-2h；Second sintering temperature
Gained sintered body is continued to be heated to 1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 5-10 DEG C/min, keeps the temperature 1-2h by section.
According to the above scheme, the vacuum-sintering process further includes third sintering temperature section, and sintered body is continued with 5-10
DEG C/heating rate of min is heated to 1300 DEG C, keep the temperature 1-2h.
It according to the above scheme, further include by ball grinder high-energy ball milling by the mixed-powder in step 1) to reach refinement powder
Or realize the partially-alloyed effect of powder.
According to the above scheme, for hard alloy, ratio of grinding media to material is 10:1~50 for the ball grinder and the Material quality of grinding balls used:
1, using analysis absolute alcohol as process control agent, Ball-milling Time 5-60h.
According to the above scheme, compacting described in step 2) uses pressure for 100MPa-600MPa.
According to the above scheme, the partial size of the element iron powder, element aluminium powder and element manganese powder is 5-60 μm, element carbon dust
Partial size is 2-10 μm.
According to the above scheme, high pure nitrogen, helium+nitrogen mixture can be selected in the medium of the vacuum air-quenching in the step 3)
Body or high-purity argon gas, air quenching pressure are 6-50bar.
The principle of the invention: the present invention is combined together poration process and alloying process by vacuum-sintering, realizes Gao Meng
The porous of aluminium high-strength steel, using the intrinsic constituent element pore-creating of high-manganses aluminum Multi-hole steel, pore-creating is synchronous with alloying to be carried out, can be simultaneously
Take into account the compatibility of pore-creating cost, pore-creating efficiency and pore forming material and steel matrix.First between xenogenesis element powders,
Kinkendal Effect especially between aluminium and iron/manganese element prepares a large amount of aperture gap.Then, in the comprehensive of high temperature and high vacuum
Under cooperation is used, manganese element is in aperture gap or aperture gap interface passes through the secondary pore-creating of distillation completion, the alloying of manganese and manganese
Ingredient rapid homogeneity, it is final to obtain high-manganses aluminum Multi-hole steel.The high-manganses aluminum Multi-hole steel prepared by this method is mainly with aperture gap
Based on, even pore distribution, porosity is 45% or more.By the raw material powder or adjustment sintering process ginseng of selecting different-grain diameter
Number can get average pore size between 5-80 μm of Multi-hole steel.
Compared with existing Multi-hole steel and preparation method thereof, the invention has the advantages that
(1) pore-creating in situ is carried out with the constituent element of Multi-hole steel itself, avoids additional pore forming material to Multi-hole steel base material composition
Pollution；
(2) pore-creating of vacuum-sintering in-situ two-step is used, pore-creating is synchronous with the process of alloying to be carried out, and realizes high hole for the first time
The high-manganses aluminum Multi-hole steel of gap rate is prepared in situ；
(3) composition range of high alumina is used, the composition range of high alumina enables sintered body to generate under lower sintering temperature
A large amount of aperture gap provides safeguard for the pore-creating that distils inside sintered body of manganese under high temperature；
(4) distillation of element manganese powder can generate evaporation-agglomeration effect under high temperature, to realize manganese in high-manganses aluminum Multi-hole steel
In fast component homogenization and alloying.At the same time, distillation loss of the part manganese element at aperture gap interface can be into one
Step dramatically increases the porosity of high-manganses aluminum sintered body；
(5) composition range of high manganese and high alumina, the characteristics of intrinsic low-density of aluminium is not only utilized reach mitigate it is porous
The purpose of steel weight, the characteristics of also using the intrinsic high-strength tenacity of high-manganses aluminum high-strength steel, strengthen the mechanical property of Multi-hole steel,
Realize the purpose that preparation has the high-manganses aluminum Multi-hole steel of light-weight and good mechanical performance structure-function integration concurrently.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the preparation flow schematic diagram of high-manganses aluminum Multi-hole steel；
Fig. 2 is the shape appearance figure for the high-manganses aluminum Multi-hole steel that embodiment 1 obtains.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention will be further described with embodiment below.
Embodiment 1
Preparation flow as shown in Figure 1, element iron powder, element manganese powder, element aluminium powder and the grain for being 45 μm by powder diameter
High-purity carbon dust that diameter is 5 μm, weighs phase according to the composition proportion (mass ratio) of Fe-40wt.%Mn-10wt.%Al-1wt.%C
The element powders of quality are answered, and mixing, incorporation time 20h are carried out to above-mentioned element powders under vacuum conditions.
At room temperature, mixed-powder is pressed and molded using the pressing pressure of 200MPa, green compact diameter is after molding
20mm is highly 20mm.
Cylinder plate-like compaction is put into vacuum air-quenching furnace and carries out vacuum-sintering, vacuum degree maintains 5x10-3Pa or so；It adopts
The sintering process kept the temperature with two sections is sintered green compact.First with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, green compact is heated to 650 DEG C,
And 1h is kept the temperature at such a temperature；It then proceedes to that sintered body is heated to 1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, and keeps the temperature 2h；
Green compact is cooled down in furnace by the way of vacuum air-quenching after the completion of sintering, to obtain high-manganses aluminum Multi-hole steel.It is obtained
For Multi-hole steel as shown in Fig. 2, the Multi-hole steel is mainly based on aperture gap structure, porosity is about 45%, and pore diameter is about 30 μm-
50 μm, and the yield strength of high-manganses aluminum Multi-hole steel is up to 90MPa.
Embodiment 2
By powder diameter be 25 μm element iron powder and element manganese powder, 15 μm of spherical atomizing aluminium powder and partial size be 5 μm
High-purity carbon dust, the element powder of corrresponding quality is weighed according to the composition proportion of Fe-45wt.%Mn-12wt.%Al-1.2wt.%C
End, and mixing, incorporation time 10h are carried out to above-mentioned element powders under vacuum conditions.
At room temperature, mixed-powder is pressed and molded using the pressing pressure of 400MPa, green compact diameter is after molding
20mm is highly 20mm.
Cylinder plate-like compaction is put into vacuum air-quenching furnace and carries out vacuum-sintering, vacuum degree maintains 5x10-3Pa or so；It adopts
The sintering process kept the temperature with three sections is sintered green compact.First with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, green compact is heated to 640
DEG C, and 1.5h is kept the temperature at such a temperature；Then sintered body is heated to 1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, and keeps the temperature 1h；
Continue that sintered body is heated to 1300 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, and keeps the temperature 1h.Using vacuum air-quenching after the completion of sintering
Mode cools down sintered body in furnace, to obtain high-manganses aluminum Multi-hole steel.Obtained Multi-hole steel is mainly with aperture gap structure
Based on, porosity is about 55%, and pore diameter is about 15 μm, and the yield strength of high-manganses aluminum Multi-hole steel is up to 90MPa.
Embodiment 3
The high-purity carbon dust for being 5 μm by element iron powder, element manganese powder, element aluminium powder and partial size that powder diameter is 45 μm,
The element powders of corrresponding quality are weighed according to the composition proportion of Fe-40wt.%Mn-10wt.%Al-1wt.%C, and in vacuum ring
Mixing, incorporation time 10h are carried out to above-mentioned element powders under border.Then, using the method for high-energy ball milling to mixed-powder into
Row ball milling, ball grinder and Material quality of grinding balls are hard alloy, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1, using analysis absolute alcohol as process control agent,
Ball-milling Time is 10h.After ball milling, powder is dried in a vacuum drying oven.
At room temperature, ball-milled powder is pressed and molded using the pressing pressure of 200MPa, green compact diameter is after molding
20mm is highly 20mm.
Cylinder plate-like compaction is put into vacuum air-quenching furnace and carries out vacuum-sintering, vacuum degree maintains 5x10-3Pa or so；It adopts
The sintering process kept the temperature with two sections is sintered green compact.First with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, green compact is heated to 630
DEG C, and 1h is kept the temperature at such a temperature；Then sintered body is heated to 1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, and kept the temperature
1.5h.Sintered body is cooled down in furnace by the way of vacuum air-quenching after the completion of sintering, to obtain high-manganses aluminum Multi-hole steel.
For obtained Multi-hole steel mainly based on aperture gap structure, porosity is about 50%, and pore diameter is about 20 μm, and high-manganses aluminum Multi-hole steel
Yield strength up to 100MPa.
Claims (7)
1. including following steps based on the preparation process of powder sintering in-situ accomplishes high-manganses aluminum high-strength steel porous:
1) element iron powder, element manganese powder, element aluminium powder and element carbon dust are weighed respectively, is mixed under vacuum conditions, are obtained
The mixed-powder of distributed components；The quality proportioning of each raw material powder is: Mn 20%-45%, Al 10%-
20%, C 0.5%-1.5%, Fe are surplus；
2) mixed-powder is suppressed into original green compact, used pressing mode is compression molding, and press temperature is room temperature；
3) original green compact are subjected to multi-temperature section and keep the temperature vacuum-sintering, vacuum degree≤5x10 in sintering process in furnace-3Pa, sintering
After gained green compact is cooled down using vacuum air-quenching, obtain the high-manganses aluminum Multi-hole steel with aperture gap structure；
Specific heating and heat preservation method during the vacuum-sintering are: the first sintering temperature section, by original green compact with 5-
The heating rate of 10 DEG C/min is heated to 630-650 DEG C from room temperature, keeps the temperature 1-2h；Second sintering temperature section, by gained sintered body
Continue to be heated to 1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 5-10 DEG C/min, keeps the temperature 1-2h.
2. the preparation process according to claim 1 based on powder sintering in-situ accomplishes high-manganses aluminum high-strength steel porous,
It is characterized in that the vacuum-sintering process further includes third sintering temperature section, sintered body is continued with the heating of 5-10 DEG C/min
Rate is heated to 1300 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1-2h.
3. the preparation process according to claim 1 based on powder sintering in-situ accomplishes high-manganses aluminum high-strength steel porous,
It is characterized in that further including by ball grinder high-energy ball milling by the mixed-powder in step 1) to reach refinement powder or realize powder
Partially-alloyed effect.
4. the preparation process according to claim 3 based on powder sintering in-situ accomplishes high-manganses aluminum high-strength steel porous,
The ball grinder and the Material quality of grinding balls used are characterized in that as hard alloy, ratio of grinding media to material is 10:1~50:1, using analysis
Absolute alcohol is as process control agent, Ball-milling Time 5-60h.
5. the preparation process according to claim 1 based on powder sintering in-situ accomplishes high-manganses aluminum high-strength steel porous,
It is characterized in that compacting described in step 2) uses pressure for 100MPa-600MPa.
6. the preparation process according to claim 1 based on powder sintering in-situ accomplishes high-manganses aluminum high-strength steel porous,
The partial size of element iron powder, element aluminium powder and element manganese powder described in being characterized in that is 5-60 μm, and the partial size of element carbon dust is 2-10 μ
m。
7. the preparation process according to claim 1 based on powder sintering in-situ accomplishes high-manganses aluminum high-strength steel porous,
Be characterized in that the vacuum air-quenching in the step 3) medium be high pure nitrogen, high-purity helium+high pure nitrogen mixed gas or
High-purity argon gas, air quenching pressure are 6-50bar.
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| IT202000003611A1 (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2021-08-21 | Getters Spa | Bioabsorbable pseudoelastic Fe-Mn-X-Y alloys for medical implants |
| CN111804917A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-10-23 | 武汉理工大学 | Method for improving pore-forming efficiency of metal sublimation pore-forming method based on element reaction/diffusion principle |
| CN113088828B (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2022-04-19 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | high-Mn high-Al steel and vacuum melting process thereof |
| CN113427002B (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2022-06-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Pressureless sintering preparation method of three-dimensional porous structure |
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