CN109155390B - 二次电池 - Google Patents
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- CN109155390B CN109155390B CN201780031098.9A CN201780031098A CN109155390B CN 109155390 B CN109155390 B CN 109155390B CN 201780031098 A CN201780031098 A CN 201780031098A CN 109155390 B CN109155390 B CN 109155390B
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种二次电池,包括:具有开口的罐,罐中容纳有电极组件和电解质;安装在所述罐的所述开口上的盖组件;和安全组件,所述安全组件设置在所述电极组件与所述盖组件之间并且包括第一灭火构件,所述第一灭火构件在所述电极组件温度升高时分散到所述电解质中,以抑制所述电极组件的温度升高。
Description
技术领域
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2016年10月31日提交的韩国专利申请第10-2016-0143355号的权益,通过引用将上述专利申请作为整体结合在此。
技术领域
本发明涉及二次电池,且更具体地说,涉及在外部短路或过充电的情况下,能够防止发热、着火和***的二次电池。
背景技术
一般来说,与不可充电的原电池不同,二次电池(secondary battery)是指可充电和可放电的电池。二次电池广泛应用于诸如手机、笔记本电脑和摄像机之类的高科技电子领域。
然而,二次电池可能存在这样的问题,即当发生外部短路或过充电时,二次电池温度迅速上升,同时产生发热、着火和***。
发明内容
技术问题
本发明致力于解决上述问题,且本发明的目的是提供一种二次电池,在这种二次电池中,在容纳有电极组件的罐中提供灭火剂,当发生外部短路或过充电时,通过灭火剂来抑制电极组件的温度升高,从而提高安全性。
技术方案
为了实现上述目的,根据本发明的二次电池可包括:具有开口的罐,罐中容纳有电极组件和电解质;安装在所述罐的所述开口上的盖组件;和安全组件,所述安全组件设置在所述电极组件与所述盖组件之间并且包括第一灭火构件,所述第一灭火构件在所述电极组件温度升高时分散到电解质中,以抑制所述电极组件的温度升高。
所述第一灭火构件可提供有包含灭火液体的多个胶囊化灭火颗粒,当所述电极组件温度升高时,所述胶囊化灭火颗粒可熔化,从而使所述灭火液体分散到电解质中。
所述安全组件可进一步包括绝缘构件,并且所述第一灭火构件可安装在所述绝缘构件上,以便在所述电极组件温度升高时分散到电解质中。
所述绝缘构件和所述第一灭火构件可垂直地堆叠以提供双层结构。
所述胶囊化灭火颗粒可填充到设置在所述绝缘构件的表面中的孔或间隙,以提供所述绝缘构件与所述第一灭火构件彼此成一体的结构。
所述灭火液体可具有包含全氟酮的组分。
所述罐可包括:容纳所述电极组件和所述电解质的容纳部;支撑所述盖组件的缘边部;和其上安装有所述盖组件的所述开口,所述安全组件可设置在所述容纳部中并且具有贴附至所述缘边部的底表面的边缘。
所述安全组件可进一步包括第二灭火构件,所述第二灭火构件设置在所述电极组件与所述罐的底表面之间,以在所述电极组件温度升高时分散到电解质中,同时抑制所述电极组件的温度升高,并且所述第二灭火构件可提供有包含灭火液体的多个胶囊化灭火颗粒。
作为所述第二灭火构件的所述多个胶囊化灭火颗粒可利用粘合剂贴附至所述罐的底表面。
所述安全组件可进一步包括第三灭火构件,所述第三灭火构件设置在所述罐的内圆周表面上,以在所述电极组件温度升高时分散到电解质中,同时抑制所述电极组件的温度升高,并且所述第三灭火构件可提供有包含灭火液体的多个胶囊化灭火颗粒。
作为所述第三灭火构件的所述多个胶囊化灭火颗粒可利用粘合剂贴附至所述罐的内圆周表面。
所述绝缘构件可由聚氯乙烯(polyvinylchloride,PVC)或聚丙烯(polypropylene,PP)材料制成。
有益效果
本发明具有以下效果:
第一:根据本发明的二次电池可包括安全组件,所述安全组件包括绝缘构件和第一灭火构件,以抑制电极组件的温度升高并提高安全性。
第二:在根据本发明的二次电池中,第一灭火构件可提供有包含灭火液体的胶囊化灭火颗粒,因而第一灭火构件通常保持为胶囊形状,然而,当电极组件温度升高时,胶囊熔化,同时第一灭火构件分散到电解质中,从而抑制电极组件的温度升高。
第三:在根据本发明的二次电池中,绝缘构件和第一灭火构件可具有双层结构,以在改善绝缘的同时抑制电极组件的温度升高。
第四:在根据本发明的二次电池中,绝缘构件和第一灭火构件可以彼此成一体以增加厚度,从而实现方便安装。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明第一实施方式的二次电池的透视图。
图2是根据本发明第一实施方式的二次电池的截面图。
图3是根据本发明第二实施方式的二次电池的截面图。
图4是根据本发明第三实施方式的二次电池的截面图。
具体实施方式
下文中,将参照附图详细地描述本发明的实施方式,以使本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员可以容易地实现本发明的技术构思。然而,本发明可以以不同的形式实施,并且不应被解释为限于在此阐述的实施方式。在附图中,为了清楚起见,将省略对于描述本发明的任何不必要的内容,并且附图中相似的参考数字表示相似的元件。
[本发明的第一实施方式]
如图1中所示,根据本发明第一实施方式的二次电池可通过抑制电极组件的温度升高来提高安全性。所述二次电池包括:电极组件110;电解质120;其中容纳有电极组件110和电解质120的罐130;安装在罐130的开口133上的盖组件140;和抑制电极组件110的温度升高的安全组件150。
电极组件110具有其中多个电极和多个隔板交替堆叠的结构。此外,多个电极可提供有正极和负极。正极接片设置在正极上,负极接片设置在负极上。
电解质120可被配置为改善电极组件的性能,并与电极组件110一起容纳在罐130中。
罐130包括:容纳电极组件110和电解质120的容纳部131;设置在容纳部131上的缘边部132,缘边部132具有小于容纳部131的直径,并且支撑盖组件140;和开口133,开口133限定在缘边部132的上部并且其上安装有盖组件140。
盖组件140可安装在罐130的开口133上并且连接至电极组件110的正极接片,从而形成正极端子。电极组件110的负极接片可连接至罐130的底表面,从而形成负极端子。
如图2中所示,安全组件150可被配置为抑制电极组件的温度升高,防止产生发热、着火和***。安全组件150包括绝缘构件151和第一灭火构件152,绝缘构件151设置在电极组件110与盖组件140之间以使电极组件110与盖组件140绝缘,第一灭火构件152安装在绝缘构件151上,以在电极组件110温度升高时分散到电解质120中,从而抑制电极组件110的温度升高。
绝缘构件151可被配置为使电极组件110与盖组件140彼此绝缘并且由具有绝缘性的材料制成。也就是说,所述绝缘构件具有甜甜圈形板状且在其中心具有通孔,并且所述绝缘构件由诸如聚氯乙烯(polyvinylchloride,PVC)或聚丙烯(polypropylene,PP)之类的硬合成树脂材料制成。
第一灭火构件152提供有多个胶囊化灭火颗粒。每一个胶囊化灭火颗粒包括灭火液体152a和包含灭火液体152a的胶囊152b。胶囊152b由在预定温度下熔化的材料制成。
也就是说,在作为胶囊化灭火颗粒提供的第一灭火构件152中,当电极组件110的温度升高时,胶囊152b可藉由从电极组件110传递的热量而熔化。因此,当胶囊152b熔化时,包含在胶囊152b中的灭火液体152a可分散到电解质120中,然后,分散到电解质120中的灭火液体152a可被电极组件110吸收,从而抑制温度升高。
胶囊152b可由熔点小于电极组件110的发热、着火和***温度的材料制成。因此,当胶囊152b在电极组件100的发热、着火和***之前熔化时,可以通过灭火液体152a来防止电极组件110温度升高。
如上所述,第一灭火构件152可有效地抑制电极组件110的温度升高,以防止产生电极组件110的发热、着火和***。
如图2中所示,绝缘构件151和第一灭火构件152具有双层结构。也就是说,绝缘构件151和第一灭火构件152可垂直地堆叠以形成双层结构。因此,设置在上侧的绝缘构件151可改善绝缘,设置在下侧的第一灭火构件152可抑制电极组件110的温度升高。具体地说,由于将绝缘构件151和第一灭火构件152商品化为双层结构,从而提高使用的便利性和效率。
灭火液体152a具有包含全氟酮(Perfluoroketone)的组分。也就是说,全氟酮也被称为“非润湿水”,并且具有几乎与水一样的无色、无味、和粘性。此外,全氟酮的密度比水大1.7倍,不导电,不与接触材料反应,并且沸点为40℃。具体地说,由于全氟酮具有高汽化率,因此即使在灭火后,产品的损害也较小。
根据本发明第一实施方式的二次电池可包括安全组件150,以有效地抑制电极组件110的温度升高并提高安全性。
下文中,在根据本发明另一实施方式的二次电池的描述中,具有相同配置和功能的构成部分已在附图中用相同参考数字标示,因此将省略对它们的重复描述。
[本发明的第二实施方式]
如图3中所示,根据本发明第二实施方式的二次电池包括安全组件150’。安全组件150’包括彼此成一体的绝缘构件151和第一灭火构件152。
也就是说,绝缘构件151由在其表面中具有无数个孔或间隙的材料制成,且第一灭火构件152提供有填充到绝缘构件151的孔或间隙中的无数个胶囊化灭火颗粒。
因此,安全组件150’具有一体化的结构,因为提供有胶囊化灭火颗粒的第一灭火构件152填充到形成于绝缘构件151中的孔或间隙。
根据本发明第二实施方式的二次电池可包括安全组件150’,其中绝缘构件151和第一灭火构件152彼此成一体,从而改善绝缘构件151与第一灭火构件152之间的耦接和用户的便利性。
[本发明的第三实施方式]
如图4中所示,根据本发明第三实施方式的二次电池包括安全组件150”。安全组件150”进一步包括第二灭火构件153,所述第二灭火构件153设置在电极组件110与罐130的底表面之间,以在电极组件110温度升高时分散到电解质中,同时抑制电极组件110的温度升高。第二灭火构件153提供有包含与第一灭火构件152相同的灭火液体的多个胶囊化灭火颗粒。
在此,作为第二灭火构件153的多个胶囊化灭火颗粒可利用粘合剂(未示出)贴附至罐130的底表面。第二灭火构件153可稳定地固定至罐130的底表面。
如上所述,在根据本发明第三实施方式的二次电池中,电极组件110的温度升高可通过第一灭火构件152来抑制,并且电极组件110的下部的温度升高可通过第二灭火构件153来抑制,从而进一步提高安全性。
安全组件150”可进一步包括第三灭火构件154,所述第三灭火构件154设置在罐130的内圆周表面(或,内周面)上,以在电极组件110温度升高时分散到电解质120中,同时抑制电极组件110的温度升高。第三灭火构件154提供有包含与第一灭火构件152相同的灭火液体的多个胶囊化灭火颗粒。
在此,作为第三灭火构件154的多个胶囊化灭火颗粒可利用粘合剂(未示出)贴附至罐130的内圆周表面。第三灭火构件154可稳定地固定至罐130的内圆周表面。
如上所述,在根据本发明第三实施方式的二次电池中,电极组件110的侧部的温度升高可通过第三灭火构件154来抑制,从而进一步提高安全性。
因此,本发明的范围由所附权利要求书而非上述描述和其中描述的示例性实施方式来限定。在本发明的权利要求范围内和在权利要求的等同含义范围内所作的各种修改均被视为落在本发明的范围内。
Claims (7)
1.一种二次电池,包括:
具有开口的罐,所述罐中容纳有电极组件和电解质;
安装在所述罐的所述开口上的盖组件;和
安全组件,所述安全组件设置在所述电极组件与所述盖组件之间以暴露于所述电解质,所述安全组件包括绝缘构件和安装在所述绝缘构件上的第一灭火构件,
其中所述第一灭火构件在所述电极组件温度升高时分散到所述电解质中,以抑制所述电极组件的温度升高,
其中所述第一灭火构件提供有包含灭火液体的多个胶囊化灭火颗粒,并且当所述电极组件温度升高时,所述胶囊化灭火颗粒熔化,从而使所述灭火液体分散到所述电解质中,
其中所述胶囊化灭火颗粒填充到设置在所述绝缘构件的表面中的孔或间隙,以提供其中所述绝缘构件与所述第一灭火构件彼此成一体的结构,
其中所述罐包括:容纳所述电极组件和所述电解质的容纳部;支撑所述盖组件的缘边部;和其上安装有所述盖组件的所述开口,并且
所述安全组件设置在所述容纳部中并且具有贴附至所述缘边部的底表面的边缘。
2.如权利要求1所述的二次电池,其中所述灭火液体具有包含全氟酮的组分。
3.如权利要求1所述的二次电池,其中所述安全组件进一步包括第二灭火构件,所述第二灭火构件设置在所述电极组件与所述罐的底表面之间,以在所述电极组件温度升高时分散到电解质中,同时抑制所述电极组件的温度升高,并且
所述第二灭火构件提供有包含灭火液体的多个胶囊化灭火颗粒。
4.如权利要求3所述的二次电池,其中作为所述第二灭火构件的所述多个胶囊化灭火颗粒利用粘合剂贴附至所述罐的底表面。
5.如权利要求1所述的二次电池,其中所述安全组件进一步包括第三灭火构件,所述第三灭火构件设置在所述罐的内圆周表面上,以在所述电极组件温度升高时分散到电解质中,同时抑制所述电极组件的温度升高,并且
所述第三灭火构件提供有包含灭火液体的多个胶囊化灭火颗粒。
6.如权利要求5所述的二次电池,其中作为所述第三灭火构件的所述多个胶囊化灭火颗粒利用粘合剂贴附至所述罐的内圆周表面。
7.如权利要求1所述的二次电池,其中所述绝缘构件由聚氯乙烯(PVC)或聚丙烯(PP)材料制成。
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