CN109146176A - A kind of power distribution network congestion Dispatching Method towards the guidance of electric car electric charging service charge - Google Patents
A kind of power distribution network congestion Dispatching Method towards the guidance of electric car electric charging service charge Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of power distribution network congestion Dispatching Method towards the guidance of electric car electric charging service charge, belongs to distribution system Optimum Scheduling Technology field, comprising: the transimission power of each route of day part in system is determined according to the free charging behavior of car owner；It calculates the different respective reductions of block lines different periods and blocks power, the different non-respective obstruction nargin power of block lines different periods；Determine the respective charge power reduction constraint of each charging station jam interval, each respective charge power incrementss constraint of the non-jam interval of charging station；The interests of car owner and operator are taken into account, charging and conversion electric facility operator optimizes each respective real-time electric charging service charge of charging station.The present invention guides car owner to formulate reasonable charging plan, solves the obstructing problem being likely to occur in network, improve the safety and economy of operation of power networks by introducing excitation of the adjustment realization to car owner to electric charging service charge with this.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to distribution system Optimum Scheduling Technology fields, are related to the strategy of congestion cost in power distribution network, especially
It is related to congestion cost problem of the power distribution network under electric car high permeability situation.
Background technique
The problems such as environmental pollution got worse and short conventional fossil fuel, drives distributed generation technology especially
Renewable energy power generation technology rapidly develops, and the renewable energy power generations such as wind-power electricity generation and photovoltaic power generation and the new of Demand-side rise
The development of show electric car have been to be concerned by more and more people.International Energy Agency estimates the year two thousand fifty electric car in 2009
Extensive access power grid, will make global power demand increase by 10%.China's automobile industry is in high-speed development period, in order to mention
The permeability of high EV, national relevant unit also put into effect encouragement policy in succession, plan such as " ten thousand, the cities " that comes into effect within 2009,
In August, 2012 " 12 ad hoc planning of electric car development in science and technology " proposition, electric car will be realized greatly after the year two thousand twenty
Range is universal to be also described.So following distribution system is bound to realize to wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic and the electronic vapour of high permeability
Vehicle it is all-embracing, develop towards the direction of active distribution network.
Power distribution network is by the vertical control of electric power system dispatching mechanism and own structural characteristics due to being influenced under conventional cases,
Network capacity undertakes the power demand of power distribution network without having choking phenomenon enough.But with distributed power generation, energy storage
Device, active load and the controllable burden distributed energy access power distribution network on a large scale, and active distribution network is compared with conventional electrical distribution net
Huge variation has occurred on the Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes, it is flexibly more with space-time in particular with the fast development of electric car
The electric charging characteristic of change works out reasonable scheduling strategy if it not being constrained and being guided, and will cause active distribution network energy
Amount balance control difficulty increases, and source-net-lotus interweaves, and leads to problems such as active distribution network load peak and obstruction occur, influences it
Safe and economical operation.Under distributed energy high permeability situation, active distribution network congestion management mechanism can be divided into directly and
Indirect two ways.Direct mode: network reconfiguration, Reactive Power Control and active power controller, respectively by power distribution network thing
It first configures block switch and interconnection switch, solve obstructing problem using reactive power compensator and direct reduction workload demand；Between
Connect mode: congestion pricing, in a few days shadow price, distribution capacity market and flexible service market a few days ago, four kinds of mechanism are all by distribution
Power system dispatching organisation and participant of the electric car as market, using capacity of trunk as constraint, scheduling institution can be to electronic vapour
The charging plan of vehicle load adjusts, and solves obstructing problem.But in view of current domestic electricity market not fully, electricity
Valence needs government to formulate, thus need a kind of incentive measure for meeting domestic electrical market using give full play to electric car as
Flexible charge and discharge time transfer ability that flexible load has solves to block, and maintains the security and stability of distribution system.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is in the power distribution network containing high permeability electric car, propose a kind of electric car electric charging
The power distribution network space-time scheduling strategy of service charge guidance.For obstructing problem caused by electric car in active distribution network, using valence
Lattice elastic matrix reflects that car owner to the responsiveness of different location charging station charging price, and is devised based on this and a set of can be drawn
The optimal real-time electric charging service charge pricing scheme of multiple charging stations of the main charging behavior of guide-car, by introducing to electric charging service charge
Adjustment realize excitation to car owner, guide car owner to formulate reasonable charging plan with this, solve the resistance being likely to occur in network
Plug problem improves the safety and economy of operation of power networks.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that
A kind of power distribution network congestion Dispatching Method towards the guidance of electric car electric charging service charge, comprising the following steps:
The first step, car owner analyze the respondent behavior of electric charging service charge
The fluctuation of electric car charging price (thinking that charging price is electric charging service charge herein), will affect car owner
Adjustment charging plan, to influence the charge power of day part.When implementing real-time electric charging service charge policy, car owner can be to charging
The variation of price responds, as shown in formula (1):
R=Ek (1)
In formula: r=[r1r2…rn]TFor the charge power change rate column vector of day part, ri=Δ Pi/Pi(i∈1,
2...n)；K=[k1k2…kn]TFor the electric charging service charge change rate column vector of day part, ki=Δ pi/pi(i∈1,
2...n)；For electric charging service charge charge power elastic coefficient matrix, I, j represent different time sections；ΔPiWith Δ piRespectively indicate i period charge power and electric charging service charge
Variable quantity；PiFor the charge power of i period；piAnd pjRespectively represent the electric charging service charge of i period and j period.
It can be obtained by the way that reasonable electric charging service charge is arranged in day part according to known price elastic coefficient matrix
To the variable quantity of each period charge power.By charge price guidance make car owner as far as possible not the peak value of network load into
Row charging, transfers a load onto other periods, avoids the obstructing problem being likely to occur in network.
Second step, operator work out adjustable strategies to block lines
Charging and conversion electric facility operator is as participant in the market, to avoid distribution system from blocking, needs to verify electricity consumption meter
It draws, if electricity consumption plan can cause network congestion, operator carries out the adjustment of electric charging service charge, and then changes the charging row of car owner
To solve the obstructing problem being likely to occur in power distribution network.
2.1) it defines route and cuts down obstruction power as the foundation for judging backlog degree:
Pcut,l,t=max { Pl,t-Pl,max,0} (2)
In formula: Pcut,l,tPower is blocked in reduction for route l in period t；Pl,maxFor the upper of route l transmitting active power
Limit；Pl,tIt is route l in the active power of period t, can be indicated by formula (3):
In formula: Vi,tFor the voltage magnitude of period t node i；Vj,tFor the voltage magnitude of period t node j；GijFor branch i, j
Conductance；BijFor the susceptance of branch i, j；θij,tFor the difference of node i and j voltage phase angle.
Electricity consumption plan is verified under the free charge mode of electric car can obtain day part Line Flow by Load flow calculation
Distribution, to obtain the period blocked and line number.
Solving electric car herein by guidance electric car charging behavior concentrates the obstruction of power supply line caused by charging to ask
Topic.For the charging station and the correlation of power supply line at the different nodes of reflection, provide defined below:
If M is the set of charging tiny node composition all in specified region, for random subsetIts supplementary set is
MC,i.Power supply line l if it exists, power supply trend withIt is related to locate charging station charge power, and withPlace's charging
Charge power of standing is uncorrelated, and route l herein is referred to as MiIn all charging stations line related, MiIn all charging stations be route l
Related charging station.
The set for meeting route l composition defined above is denoted asIf the route in set blocks in period t,
It can be solved by cutting down the electric car charge power of related charging station.To guarantee that all routes are clog-free in set after adjusting
Phenomenon, Line Flow reduction should cut down the maximum value of obstruction power not less than route in set, as shown in formula (4):
In formula: Δ Pcut,i,tElectric car charge power reduction for charging station at node i in period t (is recognized herein
For Δ Pcut,i,tFor negative value), text in ignore route active loss.
2.2) charge power that jam interval respectively is needed to cut down by charging tiny node is transferred to other non-jam intervals, is
Guarantee non-jam interval does not occur new choking phenomenon after strategy guidance, need to consider Line Flow loading allowance.Definition wires
Roadlock plug nargin power, as shown in formula (5):
Pmargin,l,T=max { Pl,max-Pl,T,0} (5)
In formula: Pmargin,l,TIt is route l in the obstruction nargin power of period T, physical significance is that route l is not hindering
The maximum effective power flow increment that can be carried under the premise of plug, Pl,maxFor the upper limit of route l transmitting active power；Pl,TFor route l when
The active power of section T.
For charging station Node subsets Mi, new obstruction does not occur for all line relateds after guarantee adjustment, then MiIn it is each
Charging tiny node should meet in the admissible electric car charge power transfer amount of non-jam interval:
In formula: Δ Pmargin,i,TAfter charging behavioral guidance, charging station is increased electronic in non-jam interval T at node i
Automobile charge power amount.
Charging and conversion electric facility operator considers response of the car owner to charging price change, according to each charging station in day part needs
The charge power of adjustment works out the real-time electric charging service charge of each charging station, as shown in formula (7).
In formula: setting and share m charging station, P in regioni,tIt is charging station i before the real-time electric charging service charge policy of implementation in t
The charge power of period；ΔPi,tBecome to implement real-time electric charging service charge policy front and back charging station i in the charge power of t period
Change amount, the case where according to backlog, when charging station i is when needing to cut down obstruction power the t period, Δ Pi,tFor Δ Pcut,i,t；When
Charging station i is when needing to receive the obstruction power shifted the T period, Δ Pi,tFor Δ Pmargin,i,T；pi,tTo implement real-time electric charging
Electric charging service charge of the charging station i in the t period, Δ p before service charge policyi,tTo implement real-time electric charging service charge policy front and back
Electric charging service charge variable quantity of the charging station i in the t period；E is electric charging service charge charge power elastic coefficient matrix.
Third step establishes active distribution network congestion cost model
3.1) objective function
Charging and conversion electric facility operator can chase after when implementing real-time electric charging service charge policy while solving obstructing problem
Profit is asked to be up to target, and after car owner responds the variation of charging price, compared with when freely charging, power mode
Satisfaction can decline, therefore car owner wishes that charging expense is minimum while maintaining higher power mode satisfaction.
From charging and conversion electric facility operator angle, the charging expense of car owner is maximum, i.e. operator's profit is up to target:
It stands in car owner's side angle degree, the charging expense minimum of car owner, the power mode Maximum Satisfaction of car owner are the two of car owner
A target:
In formula: p 'i(t) to implement after real-time electric charging service charge policy charging station i in the electric charging service charge of t period；
Pi' (t) be after implementing real-time electric charging service charge policy charging station i in the charge power of t period；Pi(t) it is changed to implement to fill in real time
Charge power of the charging station i in the t period before electric service charge policy；M is charging station number in region；Number of segment when n is.
Above-mentioned multi-objective optimization question is solved using the minimum modular ideal point method of cum rights.
δ1+δ2+δ3=1 (12)
In formula, δ1、δ2、δ3The weight factor of respectively each target.
3.2) constraint condition
1) multi-period trend Constraints of Equilibrium:
In formula: PGi,t、QGi,t、PDi,t、QDi,t、P′i,tRespectively node i has in the active and reactive power output of period t, benchmark
Function, load or burden without work and charge power；N is system node number；Vi,t、Gij、Bij、θij,tThe respectively voltage amplitude of period t node i
Value, the conductance of branch i, j, the susceptance of branch i, j, node i and j voltage phase angle difference.
2) generating set output power bound constrains:
In formula:WithThe respectively upper and lower limit of generating set i active power output,WithRespectively generator
The upper and lower limit of the group idle power output of i.
3) node voltage amplitude bound constrains:
Vi min≤Vi,t≤Vi max (17)
In formula: Vi maxAnd Vi minFor the upper and lower limit of i-node voltage magnitude.
4) all electric automobile charging station totality charge power constraints in region in one day:
In formula: Δ Pi,tMeaning is identical as formula (7), and the physical significance of formula is to implement real-time electric charging service charge front and back,
The sum of charging station charge power total in region is constant in one day.
5) electric charging service charge constrains:
pmin≤p′i,t≤pmax (19)
In formula: pmax、pminThe respectively bound of electric charging service charge, p 'i,tTo implement real-time electric charging service charge policy
Electric charging service charge of the charging station i in the t period afterwards.
6) charge power reduction constraint and charge power incrementss constraint of each charging station in each period, such as formula
(4), shown in (6).
7) car owner constrains electric charging service charge respondent behavior, as shown in formula (7).
Active distribution network congestion cost model can be established after determining objective function and constraint condition, it should by Optimization Solution
Model, the optimal real-time electric charging service charge for obtaining each charging station solve while taking into account car owner and operator's interests
Obstructing problem in power distribution network.
The invention has the advantages that: the present invention provides a kind of matching towards the guidance of electric car electric charging service charge
Network congestion dispatching method effectively guides car owner to work out reasonable charging plan, solution by optimizing real-time electric charging service charge
The obstructing problem being certainly likely to occur in network improves the safety and economy of operation of power networks.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the active distribution network congestion cost flow chart of meter and the adjustment of electric charging service charge；
Fig. 2 is improved IEEE33 system diagram；In figure: 1-33 is the node serial number in IEEE33 distribution system.
Specific embodiment
Below by taking improved IEEE33 node system as an example, as shown in Fig. 2, combination technology scheme and attached drawing describe this in detail
The specific embodiment of invention.Fig. 1 is the active distribution network congestion management flow chart of meter and the adjustment of electric charging service charge, specific
Step are as follows:
Step 1: the transimission power of each route of day part in system is determined according to the free charging behavior of car owner.
1.1) influence to power distribution network is accessed on a large scale in order to study electric car, freely charge imitate to it first
Very.Cover by known electric car initiation of charge moment probability density function, daily travel probability density function special
Carlow analog simulation obtains the free charge power distribution of electric car；
1.2) electric automobile load is superimposed with traditional load and carries out Load flow calculation, observe whether each route day part has resistance
Plug phenomenon generates: if there is choking phenomenon, carrying out following steps；If there is not choking phenomenon, without adjusting electric charging
Service charge does not execute following steps；
Step 2: the different respective reduction obstruction power of block lines different periods are calculated, as shown in formula (2)；It is different non-
The respective obstruction nargin power of block lines different periods, as shown in formula (5)；
Step 3: the respective charge power reduction constraint of each charging station jam interval is determined, as shown in formula (4)；Respectively
A respective charge power incrementss constraint of the non-jam interval of charging station, as shown in formula (6)；
Step 4: taking into account the interests of car owner and operator, it is respective in real time that charging and conversion electric facility operator optimizes each charging station
Electric charging service charge.
Line load rate when electric charging service charge does not adjust is as shown in table 1.
Line load rate when 1 electric charging service charge of table does not adjust (in the past for 3 branches)
Electric charging service charge line load rate adjusted is as shown in table 2.
2 electric charging service charge of table line load rate adjusted (in the past for 3 branches)
Claims (3)
1. a kind of power distribution network congestion Dispatching Method towards the guidance of electric car electric charging service charge, it is characterised in that following step
It is rapid:
The first step, car owner analyze the respondent behavior of electric charging service charge
When implementing real-time electric charging service charge policy, car owner responds the variation of charging price；
Second step, operator work out adjustable strategies to block lines
Charging and conversion electric facility operator is as participant in the market, to avoid distribution system from blocking, needs to verify electricity consumption plan；If
Electricity consumption plan can cause network congestion, and operator carries out the adjustment of electric charging service charge, changes the charging behavior of car owner, solve to match
The obstructing problem being likely to occur in power grid；
2.1) it defines route and cuts down obstruction power as the foundation for judging backlog degree:
Pcut,l,t=max { Pl,t-Pl,max,0} (2)
In formula: Pcut,l,tPower is blocked in reduction for route l in period t；Pl,maxFor the upper limit of route l transmitting active power；Pl,t
It is route l in the active power of period t, can be indicated by formula (3):
In formula: Vi,tFor the voltage magnitude of period t node i；Vj,tFor the voltage magnitude of period t node j；GijFor the electricity of branch i, j
It leads；BijFor the susceptance of branch i, j；θij,tFor the difference of node i and j voltage phase angle；
Electricity consumption plan is verified under the free charge mode of electric car, and the distribution of day part Line Flow is obtained by Load flow calculation,
Obtain the period blocked and line number；
Electric car, which is solved, by guidance electric car charging behavior concentrates power supply line's obstructing problem caused by charging；For reflection
Charging station and the correlation of power supply line at different nodes, provide defined below:
If M is the set of charging tiny node composition all in specified region, for random subsetIts supplementary set is MC,i；
Power supply line l if it exists, power supply trend withIt is related to locate charging station charge power, and withPlace's charging station fills
Electrical power is uncorrelated, and route l is MiIn all charging stations line related, MiIn all charging stations be route l related charging
It stands；
The set for meeting route l composition defined above is denoted asIf the route in set blocks in period t, pass through
The electric car charge power for cutting down related charging station solves；To guarantee all equal non-obstruction phenomenons of route in gathering after adjusting,
Line Flow reduction should cut down the maximum value of obstruction power not less than route in set, as shown in formula (4):
In formula: Δ Pcut,i,tIt is charging station at node i in the electric car charge power reduction of period t, ignores the active damage of route
Consumption；
2.2) charge power that jam interval respectively is needed to cut down by charging tiny node is transferred to other non-jam intervals, in order to protect
It demonstrate,proves non-jam interval and does not occur new choking phenomenon after strategy guidance, need to consider Line Flow loading allowance；Definition wires roadlock
Nargin power is filled in, as shown in formula (5):
Pmargin,l,T=max { Pl,max-Pl,T,0} (5)
In formula: Pmargin,l,TIt is route l in the obstruction nargin power of period T, physical significance is route l before not blocking
Put the maximum effective power flow increment that can be carried, Pl,maxFor the upper limit of route l transmitting active power；Pl,TIt is route l in period T
Active power；
For charging station Node subsets Mi, new obstruction does not occur for all line relateds after guarantee adjustment, then MiIn respectively charge
Tiny node should meet in the admissible electric car charge power transfer amount of non-jam interval:
In formula: Δ Pmargin,i,TAfter charging behavioral guidance, charging station is filled in the non-increased electric car of jam interval T at node i
Amount of electrical power；
Charging and conversion electric facility operator considers response of the car owner to charging price change, needs to adjust in day part according to each charging station
Charge power work out the real-time electric charging service charge of each charging station, as shown in formula (7)；
In formula: setting and share m charging station, P in regioni,tIt is charging station i before the real-time electric charging service charge policy of implementation in the t period
Charge power；ΔPi,tTo implement charge power variable quantity of the charging station i in the t period before and after real-time electric charging service charge policy,
The case where according to backlog, when charging station i the t period need cut down obstruction power when, Δ Pi,tFor Δ Pcut,i,t；Work as charging
I stand when the T period needing to receive the obstruction power shifted, Δ Pi,tFor Δ Pmargin,i,T；pi,tTo implement real-time electric charging service
Take electric charging service charge of the charging station i in the t period before policy, Δ pi,tTo implement charging before and after real-time electric charging service charge policy
Stand i the t period electric charging service charge variable quantity；E is electric charging service charge charge power elastic coefficient matrix；
Third step establishes active distribution network congestion cost model
3.1) objective function
From charging and conversion electric facility operator angle, the charging expense of car owner is maximum, i.e. operator's profit is up to target:
It stands in car owner's side angle degree, two mesh that the charging expense of car owner is minimum, car owner power mode Maximum Satisfaction is car owner
Mark:
In formula: p 'i(t) to implement after real-time electric charging service charge policy charging station i in the electric charging service charge of t period；P′i(t)
To implement after real-time electric charging service charge policy charging station i in the charge power of t period；Pi(t) it is taken to implement real-time electric charging
Charge power of the charging station i in the t period before business expense policy；M is charging station number in region；Number of segment when n is；
3.2) constraint condition
1) multi-period trend Constraints of Equilibrium:
In formula: PGi,t、QGi,t、PDi,t、QDi,t、P′i,tIt is node i in the active and reactive power output of period t, reference active, idle negative
Lotus and charge power；N is system node number；Vi,t、Gij、Bij、θij,tFor the voltage magnitude of period t node i, the electricity of branch i, j
Lead, the susceptance of branch i, j, node i and j voltage phase angle difference；
2) generating set output power bound constrains:
In formula:WithThe respectively upper and lower limit of generating set i active power output,WithRespectively generating set i without
The upper and lower limit of function power output；
3) node voltage amplitude bound constrains:
Vi min≤Vi,t≤Vi max (17)
In formula: Vi maxAnd Vi minFor the upper and lower limit of i-node voltage magnitude；
4) all electric automobile charging station totality charge power constraints in region in one day:
In formula: Δ Pi,tMeaning is identical as formula (7), and the physical significance of formula is one day before and after implementing real-time electric charging service charge
The sum of total charging station charge power is constant in middle region；
5) electric charging service charge constrains:
pmin≤p′i,t≤pmax (19)
In formula: pmax、pminThe respectively bound of electric charging service charge, p 'i,tTo be filled after the real-time electric charging service charge policy of implementation
Electric charging service charge of the power station i in the t period；
6) each charging station each period charge power reduction constraint and charge power incrementss constraint, as formula (4),
(6) shown in；
7) car owner constrains electric charging service charge respondent behavior, as shown in formula (7)；
Active distribution network congestion cost model can be established after determining objective function and constraint condition, passes through the Optimization Solution mould
Type obtains the optimal real-time electric charging service charge of each charging station, while taking into account car owner and operator's interests, solves distribution
Obstructing problem in net.
2. a kind of power distribution network congestion cost side towards the guidance of electric car electric charging service charge according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that in the first step, car owner responds as shown in formula (1) variation of charging price:
R=Ek (1)
In formula: r=[r1r2…rn]TFor the charge power change rate column vector of day part, ri=Δ Pi/Pi(i∈1,2...n)；k
=[k1k2…kn]TFor the electric charging service charge change rate column vector of day part, ki=Δ pi/pi(i∈1,2...n)；For electric charging service charge charge power elastic coefficient matrix,i,j
Represent different time sections；ΔPiWith Δ piRespectively indicate the variable quantity of i period charge power and electric charging service charge；PiFor the i period
Charge power；piAnd pjRespectively represent the electric charging service charge of i period and j period.
3. a kind of power distribution network congestion cost towards the guidance of electric car electric charging service charge according to claim 1 or 2
Method, which is characterized in that the multi-objective optimization question of step 3.1) is solved using cum rights minimum modular ideal point method；
δ1+δ2+δ3=1 (12)
In formula, δ1、δ2、δ3The weight factor of respectively each target.
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| CN112163698B (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2022-08-02 | 国网河北省电力有限公司雄安新区供电公司 | Method for optimizing operation strategy of multi-energy collaborative comprehensive energy system in heating period |
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