CN109143858B - Rigid-flexible coupling motion platform control method based on disturbance force measurement compensation - Google Patents

Rigid-flexible coupling motion platform control method based on disturbance force measurement compensation Download PDF

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CN109143858B
CN109143858B CN201810966233.5A CN201810966233A CN109143858B CN 109143858 B CN109143858 B CN 109143858B CN 201810966233 A CN201810966233 A CN 201810966233A CN 109143858 B CN109143858 B CN 109143858B
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曾丹平
黄瑞锐
李艳龙
潘加键
杨志军
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Guangdong University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a rigid-flexible coupling motion platform control method based on disturbance force measurement compensation, which comprises the steps of taking the speed and the displacement of a platform rigid body as feedback, taking a driving unit of the platform rigid body as an actuator, establishing a closed-loop control system of the platform rigid body, detecting the speed and the displacement of a frame rigid body and respectively subtracting the speed and the displacement of the platform rigid body to obtain the speed difference and the displacement difference between the speed and the displacement difference, multiplying the obtained speed difference and the displacement difference by the damping and the rigidity of a flexible hinge to obtain the disturbance force of the flexible hinge on the platform rigid body, dividing the obtained disturbance force by a transfer function from a control quantity to the driving force to convert the disturbance force into an equivalent control quantity, multiplying the equivalent control quantity by a proportional gain to compensate the control quantity of the platform rigid body, and converting the equivalent control quantity into a disturbance-free rigid platform. Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention does not need switching control, reduces the control complexity and finally realizes high-speed precise motion.

Description

Rigid-flexible coupling motion platform control method based on disturbance force measurement compensation
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-speed precision motion control, in particular to a rigid-flexible coupling motion platform control method based on disturbance force measurement compensation.
Background
In the field of high-speed precise motion control, a motion platform based on a mechanical guide rail has a friction dead zone, so that the control precision can only reach a micron level. In the situation of higher precision control, air flotation, magnetic suspension or hydrostatic guide rails and the like are needed to reduce or even eliminate the friction influence, however, the scheme adopting the technology has higher cost and higher environmental requirements, and is not suitable for the technical field of electronic manufacturing with large quantity and wide range.
According to Moore's law existing in the electronic manufacturing industry, namely when the price is not changed, the number of components which can be accommodated on an integrated circuit is doubled every about 18-24 months, and the performance is doubled, so that more rigorous requirements on the precision and the speed of packaging equipment are provided. Conventional friction compensation schemes and control methods have difficulty meeting the ever-increasing demands for high-speed precision motion control. In order to solve the above problems, technicians in the field have been trying to find a control scheme capable of overcoming friction disturbance, in which a linear active disturbance rejection control algorithm (LADRC) is an effective method for overcoming disturbance, and the method can suppress disturbance to some extent by uniformly considering model errors and external disturbance, but some researchers have found that the LADRC is not suitable for a control object with high bandwidth requirements and strong nonlinearity (dead zone, etc.) caused by friction by applying the LADRC in tests and analysis of an electric servo system. Meanwhile, in the prior art, a friction-free flexible hinge is combined with a mechanical guide rail platform to realize compensation of a friction dead zone, but because the control rules of high-speed motion and a compensation process are inconsistent, model switching control is required, but the whole control process becomes complicated and fussy due to the model switching control.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a rigid-flexible coupling motion platform control method based on disturbance force measurement compensation, aiming at realizing the purposes of no need of switching control, reduction of control complexity and finally realization of high-speed precise motion.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a rigid-flexible coupling motion platform control method based on disturbance force measurement compensation, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: obtaining the rigidity and the damping of the flexible hinge through modeling and testing;
s2, establishing a closed-loop control system of the platform rigid body by taking the speed and the displacement of the platform rigid body as feedback and taking a driving unit of the platform rigid body as an actuator;
s3: detecting the speed and the displacement of the frame rigid body and respectively making difference with the speed and the displacement of the platform rigid body to obtain the speed difference and the displacement difference between the frame rigid body and the platform rigid body;
s4: multiplying the speed difference and the displacement difference obtained in the step S3 by the damping and the rigidity of a flexible hinge respectively to obtain the disturbance force of the flexible hinge on the platform rigid body;
s5: and dividing the disturbance force obtained in the step S4 by a transfer function from the control quantity to the driving force to convert the disturbance force into an equivalent control quantity, multiplying the equivalent control quantity by a proportional gain to compensate the equivalent control quantity into the control quantity of the platform rigid body, and converting the control quantity into a disturbance-free rigid body platform control system.
Preferably, a control object of the control method is a rigid-flexible coupling platform, and the rigid-flexible coupling platform includes the frame rigid body mounted on the mechanical guide rail and a platform rigid body connected to the frame rigid body through a flexible hinge.
Preferably, the frame rigid body and the platform rigid body are respectively mounted with displacement speed detection units.
Preferably, the platform rigid body mounts a drive unit.
Preferably, the frame rigid body is provided with a driving unit, the speed and displacement of the frame rigid body are used as feedback in the step S2, and the driving unit on the frame rigid body is an actuator and establishes a closed-loop control system of the frame rigid body.
Preferably, a control system using the control method is composed of a control object, a displacement speed detection unit, a driving unit and a controller.
Preferably, the proportional gain of S5 is used to adjust the measurement error, and the proportional gain is 1 without error.
Preferably, the information required in the control method is obtained by measurement, and if the information cannot be obtained by measurement, the information is obtained by model calculation.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
the technical scheme of the invention is based on the design of a rigid-flexible coupling platform, the disturbance of the friction force of a mechanical guide rail is converted into the dynamic deformation of the flexible hinge, and the rigid body of the platform is equivalent to an ideal frictionless platform through the compensation control of the elastic force and the damping force of the flexible hinge, so that the high-speed precise motion can be realized, the switching control is not needed, and the control complexity is reduced.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of single-drive motion control according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of dual drive motion control according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the position tracking error curves of the PID method and the ADRC method in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of stiffness variation on tracking error in the PID method according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a graph showing the effect of the change in stiffness of the ADRC method on the tracking error in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the movement situation, and the like in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a rigid-flexible coupling motion platform control method based on disturbance force measurement compensation.
The control object of the rigid-flexible coupling motion platform control method based on disturbance force measurement compensation is a rigid-flexible coupling platform, and mainly comprises a frame rigid body and a platform rigid body, wherein the frame rigid body is arranged on a mechanical guide rail, and the platform rigid body is arranged on the frame rigid body through a flexible hinge.
The frame rigid body and the platform rigid body are respectively provided with a displacement speed detection unit, the platform rigid body is provided with a driving unit, and the frame rigid body can be provided with the driving unit selectively. The whole control system consists of a control object, a displacement speed detection unit, a driving unit and a controller.
The invention relates to a rigid-flexible coupling motion platform control method based on disturbance force measurement compensation, which specifically comprises the following control steps:
s1: obtaining the rigidity and the damping of the flexible hinge through modeling and testing;
s2, establishing a closed-loop control system of the platform rigid body by taking the speed and the displacement of the platform rigid body as feedback and taking a driving unit of the platform rigid body as an actuator;
s3: detecting the speed and the displacement of the frame rigid body and respectively making difference with the speed and the displacement of the platform rigid body to obtain the speed difference and the displacement difference between the frame rigid body and the platform rigid body;
s4: multiplying the speed difference and the displacement difference obtained in the step S3 by the damping and the rigidity of the flexible hinge respectively to obtain the disturbance force of the flexible hinge on the platform rigid body;
s5: the disturbance force obtained in step S4 is divided by the transfer function from the control amount to the driving force to be converted into an equivalent control amount, and then multiplied by a proportional gain to be compensated into the control amount of the rigid platform, so as to be converted into a rigid platform control system without disturbance.
In the technical solution of the present invention, if the frame rigid body is also provided with a driving unit, the speed and displacement of the frame rigid body are used as feedback in the above step S2, and the driving unit on the frame rigid body is used as an actuator and establishes a closed-loop control system for the frame rigid body, so that the speed of the platform can be increased and the disturbance of the flexible hinge can be reduced.
Wherein, the proportional gain of the step S5 in the technical solution of the present invention is used for adjusting the measurement error, and the proportional gain is 1 when there is no error. The information required in the control method can be obtained through measurement as much as possible, and can be obtained through model calculation if the information cannot be obtained through measurement.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the rigid-flexible coupling motion platform control method based on disturbance force measurement compensation converts the disturbance of the friction force of the mechanical guide rail into the dynamic deformation of the flexible hinge, and the rigid body of the platform is equivalent to a frictionless ideal platform through the compensation control of the elastic force and the damping force of the flexible hinge so as to realize high-speed precise motion without switching control.
Example 1
In the embodiment of the invention, the rigid-flexible coupling platform mainly comprises a mechanical guide rail, a frame rigid body, a flexible hinge and a platform rigid body, and X is setM,XmRespectively the displacement of the frame rigid body and the platform rigid body,
Figure BDA0001775038350000051
the speed of the frame rigid body and the platform rigid body respectively, M and M are the mass of the frame rigid body and the platform rigid body respectively, k and c are the rigidity and the damping of the flexible hinge respectively, and FM,FmDriving forces acting on the frame rigid body and the platform rigid body, respectively, for the driving unit, fμIs the friction between the rigid frame body and the mechanical guide rail.
The rigid-flexible coupling motion platform control method based on disturbance force measurement compensation in the embodiment is single-drive motion control, wherein a platform rigid motion mechanical response equation is as follows:
Figure BDA0001775038350000052
the frame rigid motion mechanics response equation is:
Figure BDA0001775038350000053
the stress of the flexible hinge is as follows:
Figure BDA0001775038350000054
after disturbance compensation is carried out, the dynamic response equation of the platform rigid body is as follows:
Figure BDA0001775038350000055
substituting the flexible hinge stress formula (3) into a platform rigid dynamic response equation, namely formula (4), to obtain an equivalent dynamic response equation of the platform rigid body as follows:
Figure BDA0001775038350000056
in this embodiment, the equivalent dynamic response equation of the platform rigid body obtained by the formula (5) is an ideal frictionless platform, in this embodiment, the frame rigid body overcomes the friction motion under the action of the acting force Δ f of the flexible hinge, and the disturbance of the friction causes the change of the acceleration of the frame platform and the deformation of the flexible hinge, so that the disturbance of the friction force, which cannot be measured, is converted into the action of the flexible hinge, which can be measured.
Example 2
In the embodiment of the invention, the rigid-flexible coupling platform mainly comprises a mechanical guide rail, a frame rigid body, a flexible hinge and a platform rigid body, and X is setM,XmRespectively the displacement of the frame rigid body and the platform rigid body,
Figure BDA0001775038350000057
the speed of the frame rigid body and the platform rigid body respectively, M and M are the mass of the frame rigid body and the platform rigid body respectively, k and c are the rigidity and the damping of the flexible hinge respectively, and FM,FmDriving forces acting on the frame rigid body and the platform rigid body, respectively, for the driving unit, fμIs the friction between the rigid frame body and the mechanical guide rail.
The rigid-flexible coupling motion platform control method based on disturbance force measurement compensation in the embodiment is dual-drive motion control, wherein a platform rigid motion mechanical response equation is as follows:
Figure BDA0001775038350000061
the frame rigid motion mechanics response equation is:
Figure BDA0001775038350000062
wherein FMThe speed displacement deviation of the moving target of the platform rigid body and the frame rigid body is obtained by calculation according to the control rule.
The stress of the flexible hinge is as follows:
Figure BDA0001775038350000063
after disturbance compensation is carried out, the dynamic response equation of the platform rigid body is as follows:
Figure BDA0001775038350000064
substituting the flexible hinge stress formula (8) into a platform rigid dynamic response equation, namely a formula (9), to obtain an equivalent dynamic response equation of the platform rigid body as follows:
Figure BDA0001775038350000065
the embodiment adopts a dual-drive motion control scheme, the frame rigid body is driven to move by the driving force on the frame rigid body, and the driving forces of the frame rigid body and the frame rigid body can realize higher-speed motion after being superposed. In addition, the speed displacement deviation between the frame rigid body and the platform rigid body is reduced due to the movement of the frame rigid body, so that the dynamic deformation disturbance of the flexible hinge can be effectively reduced, and the performance is better.
Example 3
The platform parameters of this embodiment are:
core platform mass m 2kg
Frame mass M 2kg
Coefficient of friction 0.2
Flexible hinge stiffness k 2000N/mm
Flexible hinge damping c 100N/mm/s
Optimized Kp 35702280.82
Optimized Ki 7172.72
Optimized Kd 349977.10
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, when the conventional PID method and the ADRC method using the spring damping force compensation are used, the maximum error of the position tracking error curve is reduced by one order of magnitude from 9e-8 to 9e-9 as shown in fig. 2.
When the PID control is adopted, if the model parameter changes, the tracking error changes with the change, as shown in fig. 3, however, the tracking error hardly changes with the change of the model by the Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) method of the technical solution of the present invention adopting the spring damping force compensation, and the good disturbance rejection performance is shown, as shown in fig. 4.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A rigid-flexible coupling motion platform control method based on disturbance force measurement compensation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, obtaining the rigidity and the damping of the flexible hinge through modeling or testing;
s2: taking the speed and the displacement of a platform rigid body as feedback, taking a driving unit of the platform rigid body as an actuator, and establishing a closed-loop control system of the platform rigid body;
s3: detecting the speed and the displacement of the frame rigid body and respectively making difference with the speed and the displacement of the platform rigid body to obtain the speed difference and the displacement difference between the frame rigid body and the platform rigid body, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0003029850180000011
s4: multiplying the speed difference and the displacement difference obtained in the step S3 by the damping and the rigidity of a flexible hinge respectively to obtain the disturbance force of the flexible hinge on the platform rigid body;
s5: and dividing the disturbance force obtained in the step S4 by a transfer function from the control quantity to the driving force to convert the disturbance force into an equivalent control quantity, multiplying the equivalent control quantity by a proportional gain to compensate the equivalent control quantity into the control quantity of the platform rigid body, and converting the control quantity into a disturbance-free rigid body platform control system.
2. The control method according to claim 1, wherein a control object of the control method is a rigid-flexible coupled motion platform including a frame rigid body mounted on a mechanical guide rail and a platform rigid body connected to the frame rigid body by a flexible hinge.
3. The control method according to claim 2, wherein both the frame rigid body and the platform rigid body are mounted with a displacement detection unit and a speed detection unit.
4. The control method of claim 3, wherein the platform rigid body mounts a drive unit.
5. The control method of claim 3, wherein the frame rigid body is provided with a drive unit, the speed and displacement of the frame rigid body are used as feedback in the step S2, and the drive unit on the frame rigid body is an actuator and establishes a closed-loop control system of the frame rigid body.
6. The control method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a control system using the control method is composed of a control object, a displacement detecting unit, a speed detecting unit, a driving unit, and a controller.
7. The control method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the proportional gain of S5 is used to adjust for measurement error, and the proportional gain is 1 without error.
8. The control method according to claim 1, wherein the information required in the control method is obtained by measurement and by model calculation if it is not obtained by measurement.
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