CN109129934B - Method for enhancing strength and improving mechanical property of 3D printing rock material - Google Patents
Method for enhancing strength and improving mechanical property of 3D printing rock material Download PDFInfo
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- CN109129934B CN109129934B CN201811204291.0A CN201811204291A CN109129934B CN 109129934 B CN109129934 B CN 109129934B CN 201811204291 A CN201811204291 A CN 201811204291A CN 109129934 B CN109129934 B CN 109129934B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
- B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
Abstract
The invention provides a method for enhancing the strength and improving the mechanical property of a 3D printing rock material, which utilizes a vacuum saturation device and a curing penetrant to greatly improve the strength of a 3D printing rock sample and improve the mechanical property. The invention has the following advantages: 1, the required test equipment is simple, the test process is efficient, the repeatability is high, and the method is economical and practical; 2, by the test method, the permeation reaction speed of the curing penetrant and the rock sample material is greatly increased, and the permeation quantity of the curing penetrant of the 3D printed gypsum material rock sample is increased; 3, the rock sample after the infiltration treatment obviously improves the strength and the mechanical property, and provides possibility for the rock sample on a soft rock mechanical property research road.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of 3D printing and rock mechanics, and particularly relates to a method for enhancing the strength and improving the mechanical property of a 3D printing rock-like material, which is mainly suitable for a rock-like material based on a powder layered cementing printing technology, can improve the strength and durability of a printed rock sample, and obviously improves the mechanical property of the printed rock sample.
Background
In practical engineering, great uncertainty and difficulty are faced in researching the mechanical properties of rocks under complex working conditions. The engineering rock mass structural plane is complex in distribution and different in size, the interior of the rock mass is difficult to observe, and the randomness is high; the manual preparation of rock samples is low in precision, the boundary effect is large, and the time consumption is long, so that the physical simulation test based on the engineering rock samples gradually becomes the popular research direction in the field of rock mechanics.
With the rapid development of the 3D printing technology, the application field of the 3D printing technology is expanded to the field of rock materials, and the technology can be used for naturally and efficiently obtaining a rock-like material physical model, so that an effective means is provided for the research of mechanical properties under a complex rock structure. Meanwhile, the 3D printing technology also faces many problems, and the rock sample manufactured by 3D printing, especially the rock-like material based on the powder layered cementation printing technology, has the great disadvantages of low strength and high ductility for simulating the mechanical properties of natural rock. Therefore, the problem to be solved urgently is to improve the brittleness and the strength of the 3D printing rock sample by adopting certain measures and treatment measures.
At present, the application of the 3D printing technology to the field of rock mechanical properties still belongs to a new research direction, and few methods for effectively improving the strength and the mechanical properties of 3D printed rock samples are available. After relevant documents are examined, three main methods for improving the strength and the mechanical property of the 3D printing rock sample are provided: selecting a proper 3D printing raw material; adjusting printing options of the 3D printer, such as printing direction, glue concentration, printing speed, printing layer thickness and other printer parameters, selecting optimal printing parameters, and printing out a rock sample meeting requirements; and thirdly, effective and reasonable post-treatment measures are adopted for the printed rock sample, so that various mechanical properties of the rock sample are enhanced. However, the above method has the following problems:
1. the related literature shows that the rock sample printed by changing the 3D printing raw material can meet the requirement of simulating the real rock mechanical property, but the method cannot achieve the expected effect in the case of requiring a specific material, such as improving the strength of the gypsum 3D printing sample;
2. the mechanical property of the printed rock sample can be changed by changing the printing options of the printer, but the effect of improving the strength is not obvious, and the rock sample printed by changing the printing direction has anisotropy, so that the test damage crack direction is greatly influenced, and the test effect is influenced;
3. at present, researchers in the field of crossing 3D printing and rock mechanical property are mostly to directly utilize a printed rock sample for testing, and do not perform corresponding post-processing on the printed rock sample; according to the use suggestion of printer manufacturers, penetrating fluid is needed to be used for penetrating and post-treating printed articles after printing is finished, the treating method is that the sample is simply immersed in the penetrating fluid completely, the penetrating fluid only enters the surface of the rock sample under conventional treatment, cracks formed due to damage still exist in the printed rock sample in the testing process, and the aim of effectively enhancing the strength of the rock material cannot be achieved.
Based on the problems, the invention provides a method for enhancing the strength of a 3D printing rock material, which utilizes a vacuum saturation device and a curing penetrant, increases the penetration rate and the penetration amount of the curing penetrant and the rock sample material through atmospheric pressure, enhances the penetration effect, greatly improves the mechanical strength of the rock sample, and improves the mechanical property of the rock sample.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a test method which can greatly improve the strength of a 3D printed rock sample and improve the mechanical property by utilizing a vacuum saturation device and a curing penetrant aiming at the defects of low strength and high ductility of the existing 3D printed rock sample. The method has high efficiency in operation process and good test effect, and can completely meet the requirements of scientific research and practical engineering.
The invention provides a method for enhancing the strength and improving the mechanical property of a 3D printing rock material, which comprises the following steps:
step (1), placing the printed rock sample into a drying oven for drying for more than 24 hours, placing the dried rock sample into a vacuum saturated container, and sealing, wherein the vacuum saturated container is provided with a check valve;
step (2), pumping air into the vacuum saturated container by using a vacuum pumping device to enable the inside of the vacuum saturated container to approach to a local atmospheric pressure value, and then continuing pumping air for 48 hours or more until air in the container is completely discharged;
step (3), opening a check valve to inject the solidified penetrant into a vacuum saturation cylinder through a water inlet pipe, and continuously using a vacuumizing device to pump air out of the vacuum saturation container in the liquid injection process to keep the atmospheric pressure value in the vacuum saturation container basically unchanged;
step (4), after the solidified penetrant submerges the rock sample, namely the liquid level of the solidified penetrant is 2mm higher than the highest point of the rock sample, stopping air extraction, starting a check valve to press air into a vacuum saturation cylinder, and standing for at least 5min to fully saturate the rock sample;
and (5) after saturation, taking out the rock sample, removing redundant curing penetrating agent on the surface, and drying in a drying oven at the drying temperature of 40-60 ℃ for more than or equal to 10 days.
Furthermore, the vacuumizing device consists of a vacuum pump and an exhaust pipe and is used for providing a vacuum environment for the rock sample to be processed.
Furthermore, the vacuum saturation container consists of a vacuum saturation cylinder, a vacuum cylinder sealing cover and a vacuum pressure gauge, wherein the vacuum saturation cylinder and the vacuum cylinder sealing cover are used for maintaining a vacuum environment and providing a place for penetrating the rock sample by the penetrating agent, and the vacuum pressure gauge is used for displaying real-time air pressure in the vacuum saturation cylinder.
In order to further save time and improve efficiency, preferably, the air extraction time in the step (2) is 48h, the standing in the step (4) is 5min, the drying temperature in the step (5) is 40 ℃, and the drying time is 10 days.
Therefore, the method has the following advantages: 1. the required test equipment is simple, the test process is efficient, the repeatability is high, and the method is economical and practical; 2. by the test method, the permeation reaction speed of the curing penetrant and the rock sample material is greatly accelerated, and the permeation quantity of the curing penetrant of the 3D printed gypsum material rock sample is increased; 3. the rock sample after the infiltration treatment obviously improves the strength and the mechanical property, and provides possibility for the rock sample on a soft rock mechanical property research road.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a vacuum saturation apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the entire test apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a vacuum infiltration process;
the reference numerals in the figures denote: 1. the device comprises a vacuum pump, 2, an exhaust pipe, 3, a water inlet pipe, 4, a vacuum saturation cylinder, 5, a vacuum cylinder sealing cover, 6, a check valve, 7, a vacuum pressure gauge, 8, a curing penetrant, 9, a rock sample, 10 and a vacuum environment.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
In order to verify the influence of the method for enhancing the strength of the 3D printing rock material and improving the mechanical property of the 3D printing rock material on the mechanical property of the printing rock sample, the influence of the permeation quantity on the strength of the 3D printing rock sample is quantitatively analyzed by designing three post-treatment methods with different permeation modes and changing the permeation quantity of the solidified penetrant in the rock sample. Wherein untreated group: control, no curing penetrant; conventional treatment group: submerging the rock sample with a solidified penetrant; vacuum saturation treatment group: the method of the invention is used for processing the printed rock sample.
The vacuum saturation treatment group is implemented as follows:
(1) after being printed, the rock sample is placed into a drying box for drying (the drying time is more than 24 hours), the dried rock sample 9 is placed into a vacuum saturation cylinder 4, a vacuum cylinder sealing cover 5 is tightly covered, and the rock sample can be matched with a rubber ring for use if necessary, so that the space is well sealed;
(2) connecting a vacuum pump 1 and an exhaust tube 2, starting the vacuum pump 1 to perform air extraction, and continuing to perform air extraction when the reading of a vacuum pressure gauge 7 is close to a local atmospheric pressure value and is stable, wherein the air extraction time is 48 h;
(3) starting a check valve 6 to inject a curing penetrant 8 into a vacuum saturation cylinder 4 through a water inlet pipe 3, and continuously exhausting air by a vacuum pump 1 in the liquid injection process to keep the reading of a vacuum pressure gauge 7 unchanged basically;
(4) after the solidified penetrating agent 8 is immersed in the rock sample 9, namely the liquid level of the solidified penetrating agent 8 is 2mm higher than the highest point of the rock sample 9, stopping air extraction, starting the check valve 6 to press air into the vacuum saturation cylinder 4, and standing for 5min to fully saturate the rock sample 9;
(5) and after the saturation is finished, taking out the rock sample 9, removing the excessive solidified penetrant 8 on the surface, and drying in a drying oven at the drying temperature of 40 ℃ for 10 days.
Uniaxial compression tests were performed on samples treated in different ways.
The test results show that after the untreated rock sample reaches the stress peak, the residual stress lasts for a considerable period of time after the stress peak, and the rock sample presents obvious plastic mechanical characteristics. The elastic stage and the yield stage of the rock sample of the vacuum saturation group are obvious, the axial total strain is more than 1 percent, and the rock sample belongs to brittle and ductile failure. The fracture characteristic of the printed rock sample is obviously changed from ductile fracture to brittle fracture along with the increase of the penetration amount of the curing penetrant, which shows that the method has obvious effect on the fracture characteristic by changing the post-treatment mode of the curing penetrant.
The test result shows that the strength of the untreated group and the strength of the conventional treated group are both below 12MPa and lower; the compressive strength of the vacuum saturated group is as high as 56Mpa, which is increased by 517.63% compared with the untreated group, the elastic modulus of the rock sample of the vacuum saturated group reaches 6.756Gpa, the Poisson ratio reaches 0.212, and the mechanical property of the rock sample can meet the requirement of simulating the mechanical property of soft rock.
In addition, the rock sample after the uniaxial compression test shows that the solidified penetrating agent of the rock sample of the vacuum saturation group can enter the deep part of the rock sample under the action of pressure, so that the reaction speed of the penetrating agent and the rock sample is increased, the penetrating effect is enhanced, and the strengthening effect on the mechanical property of the rock sample is obviously improved.
The method overcomes the defect of insufficient strength of the original printed rock sample, improves the permeation quantity of the solidified penetrant to the printed rock sample from 20.84g of the original permeation quantity to 80.11g, improves the compressive strength by 5 times compared with the rock sample strength of the conventional treatment mode, and improves the elastic modulus by 2.8 times, so that the mechanical property of the rock sample treated by the method is greatly improved.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims. Any modification, equivalent replacement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for enhancing the strength and improving the mechanical property of a 3D printing rock-like material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1), placing the printed rock sample into a drying oven for drying for more than 24 hours, placing the dried rock sample into a vacuum saturated container, and sealing, wherein the vacuum saturated container is provided with a check valve;
the vacuum saturation container consists of a vacuum saturation cylinder, a vacuum cylinder sealing cover and a vacuum pressure gauge, wherein the vacuum saturation cylinder and the vacuum cylinder sealing cover are used for maintaining a vacuum environment and providing a place for penetrating a rock sample by a penetrating agent, and the vacuum pressure gauge is used for displaying real-time air pressure in the vacuum saturation cylinder;
step (2), pumping air into the vacuum saturated container by using a vacuum pumping device to enable the inside of the vacuum saturated container to approach to a local atmospheric pressure value, and then continuing pumping air for 48 hours or more until air in the container is completely discharged;
step (3), opening a check valve to inject the solidified penetrant into a vacuum saturation cylinder through a water inlet pipe, and continuously using a vacuumizing device to pump air out of the vacuum saturation container in the liquid injection process to keep the atmospheric pressure value in the vacuum saturation container basically unchanged;
step (4), after the solidified penetrant submerges the rock sample, namely the liquid level of the solidified penetrant is 2mm higher than the highest point of the rock sample, stopping air extraction, starting a check valve to press air into a vacuum saturation cylinder, and standing for at least 5min to fully saturate the rock sample;
and (5) after saturation, taking out the rock sample, removing redundant curing penetrating agent on the surface, and drying in a drying oven at the drying temperature of 40-60 ℃ for more than or equal to 10 days.
2. The method for enhancing the strength and improving the mechanical properties of 3D printing rock-like materials according to claim 1, wherein: the vacuum pumping device consists of a vacuum pump and an exhaust pipe and is used for providing a vacuum environment for the rock sample to be treated.
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| CN112345334B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-06-24 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of rock sample containing anisotropic joints based on 3D printing |
| CN114261093B (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2023-12-29 | 深微光电科技(深圳)有限公司 | Post-processing method for improving performance of 3D printing rock mass |
| CN114889124B (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2023-12-15 | 昆明理工大学 | Rock mechanics experiment test piece preparation method |
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