CN109121988A - A kind of research that heavy metal cadmium stress influences daphne odera characteristic - Google Patents
A kind of research that heavy metal cadmium stress influences daphne odera characteristic Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of research that heavy metal cadmium stress influences daphne odera characteristic, the present invention relates to heavy metal technical research technical fields；The preparation of experimental material；Test method；Data processing；Interpretation of result；Research conclusion；Daphne odera under Cd stress does not occur death and is poisoned phenomenon, shows stronger vitality, and intracorporal antioxidase is induced to protect plant cell not coerced to eliminate destruction of the active oxygen generated to cell membrane；Every chlorophyll fluorescence parameters also reflect daphne odera and are not affected by the larger stress of cadmium, can be normally carried out photosynthesis；When being measured to the intracorporal cadmium content of daphne odera, there is certain Cd accumulation amount in root, stem and leaf, but the standard of Cd-hyperaccumulator is not reached, it is not belonging to Cd-hyperaccumulator, daphne odera described above is under the stress of cadmium, energy normal growth, the normal Scavenger of ROS of internal antioxidase energy, photosynthesis is not affected by influence, with certain extracting accumulation ability and has stronger tolerance to cadmium in soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heavy metal technical research technical fields, and in particular to a kind of heavy metal cadmium stress is to daphne odera characteristic
The research of influence.
Background technique
Industrial technology also brings a large amount of environmental pollution to the mankind while pushing human civilization process, wherein with
Heavy metal pollution is the most prominent, and cadmium pollution is the most serious in heavy metal pollution.In " the national soil that 2014 announce
Survey of contaminating status bulletin " in, the cadmium pollution exceeding standard rate in China soil is higher than most inorganic pollution up to 7.0%, dirty
Area covering China major part soil is contaminated, and this area just rises year by year.
Cadmium is the non-essential element in growing process, has strong toxicity, is not easy to be degraded in the soil and easy quilt
Plant absorption is simultaneously accumulated in internal feature, can cause serious harm to animals and plants and the mankind by food chain.In recent years, people
Internal feature can be absorbed by plants and is accumulated in using cadmium, soil pollution is repaired, and find to cadmium have it is resistance to
It is made some progress during property and hyperaccumulation plant.It is reported that there is hyperaccumulation or patience to cadmium
Plant is largely focused in composite family, grass family, Cruciferae, Cyperaceae and Crassulaceae, such as black nightshade, Indian mustard, Golconda
Violet, trade route etc., however, these super enriching plants generally have the characteristics that few germplasm resource, slow growth and repair phase length,
It is unfavorable for large area to use and promote.Therefore, the super enriching plant that germplasm resource is wide, the speed of growth is fast, remediation efficiency is high is found
It is the key that one of plant soil restoration.
In China, the plant that Lindley Butterflybush Herb belongs to is distributed mainly on southwestern, northwest and Central-South there are about 30 kinds or more (including mutation)
Equal areas, and it is most wide with southwestern Area distribution, with regard to all up to 27 kinds of Yunnan, it is grown in arid, barren area mostly, there is kind
Plant resource distribution is wide, growth of seedling speed is fast, it is drought-resistant, adapt to environment strong feature.Studies have shown that mutual leaf Lindley Butterflybush Herb is not only
Stronger adaptability is shown to arid, also there is very strong tolerance to cadmium, and have higher bioaccumulation ability.Daphne odera
Belong to a kind of shrub or dungarunga in Lindley Butterflybush Herb category.Daphne odera is the dispersed species in Asia, is mainly distributed on height above sea level in 200-
The river bank 3000m or the woods side habitat Deng Yirao, and can be grown in barren environment.Daphne odera has narrow and long raceme,
It is born in an end and axil；Corolla pipe tubulose, corolla white, fragrance (linalool content up to 85%)；Stamen it is raw in corolla pipe
Middle part；The month at florescence 1-10；The fruiting period 3-12 month, and the daphne odera speed of growth is fast, is typical resistance to trimming plant.Therefore, seven are studied
In perfume (or spice) under the stress of cadmium, growth characters, fluorescent characteristic and the enrichment condition to cadmium, to judge whether daphne odera can be used for
The reparation of soil pollution can provide certain contribution for the reparation of environmental pollution caused by heavy metal cadmium.
Summary of the invention
In view of the defects and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention intends to provide a kind of structure is simple, design rationally, make
The research influenced on daphne odera characteristic is coerced with convenient heavy metal cadmium, itself can be adjusted by obtaining daphne odera under Cd is coerced
Defense mechanism reduces the damage of physiological metabolism, has preferable patience to Cd, can in Cd contaminated soil normal growth, and have
There is certain repair ability, has preferable exploitation and with prospect.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: its research method is as follows:
1, the preparation of experimental material
1.1, vegetable material is annual daphne odera seedling；
It 1.2, is the red soil for not cultivating crop for examination soil；
1.3, agents useful for same is cadmium nitrate (Cd (NO3)2·4H2O), analyze pure；
2, test method
2.1, soil potted plant experiment: taking appropriate soil, after natural air drying, hammer are broken, with Cd2+Solution is uniformly mixed and divides
It is not fitted into bag, every part of 10kg, Cd is set2+Concentration gradient is 0 (CK), 25,50,100,200,400mg/kg, Cd work is not added
For control, 5 repetitions of each processing, cultivating bag bottom is entangled with polybag, is balanced 14 days, after balance period, chooses plant height phase
Closely, stem thickness is close, daphne odera seedling similar in leaf blade size and quantity and is transplanted in experiment basin, after plantation three months, carries out phase
The measurement of index is closed, during soil is balanced and planted, it is ensured that the water content of soil is 60% or so；
2.2, the measurement of physical signs: the vitality test of superoxide dismutase uses nitroblue tetrazolium colorimetric method, hydrogen peroxide
The measurement of enzyme activity is measured using ultraviolet absorption method, the measurement of peroxidase activity is surveyed using guaiacol method
Fixed, mda content measurement is measured using thiobarbituricacidα- method；
2.3, the measurement of photosynthetic parameters the measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters: is carried out using the portable photosynthetic instrument of Li-6400；?
The evening 21:00-22:00 of fine day, when measurement, use leaf chamber size for 3 × 2cm2, light source used, temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide
Concentration is that under natural conditions, location parameter is initial fluorescence, maximum fluorescence, steady state fluorescence, fluorescence rises to can change thylakoid
Maximum fluorescence, and II maximal photochemistry efficiency of PS, non-photochemistry fluorescent quenching coefficient, the practical Photochemical Efficiency of PS II are calculated, it counts
It is as follows to calculate formula:
II maximal photochemistry efficiency of PS: Fv/Fm=(Fm-Fo)/Fm
Non- photochemistry fluorescent quenching coefficient: NPQ=(Fm-Fm')/Fm'
The practical Photochemical Efficiency of PS II: Φ PSII=(Fm'-Fs)/Fm', wherein F0 is initial fluorescence, Fm is maximum glimmering
Light, Fs are steady state fluorescence, Fm ' be fluorescence rise to can change thylakoid maximum fluorescence, Fv/Fm be II maximal photochemistry efficiency of PS,
NPQ is non-photochemistry fluorescent quenching coefficient, Φ PSII is the practical Photochemical Efficiency of PS II；
2.4, the measurement of heavy metal cadmium content: root, stem, leaf sample after plantation three months, after weighing 0.2g drying respectively
Afterwards, it crushes, the sieving of 100 mesh, 8ml digestion solution is added, the concentration of digestion solution is HNO3∶H2O2=6: 2, it is placed in microwave dissolver
It is cleared up；It clears up and is cooled to room temperature completely to material, dilute HNO is added3After constant volume, surveyed using flame atomic absorption spectrometry
Cd content in plant material, replication 3 times, and calculate TF, that is, transhipment coefficient and and BCF, that is, concentration coefficient:
Transhipment coefficient=aerial part cadmium content/root that is averaged is averaged cadmium content
Root bio-concentration factor=root is averaged the content of cadmium in cadmium content/soil
Aerial part bio-concentration factor=aerial part is averaged the content of cadmium in cadmium content/soil；
3, data processing
Data processing is carried out using Origin 8.5 and Past 2.08；
4, interpretation of result
4.1, influence of the various concentration Cd processing to the vigor and mda content of daphne odera antioxidase:
Under the stress of Cd, peak occur when the intracorporal SOD vigor of daphne odera is under 100mg/kg soil Cd stress is
Difference that there are no significant under 425.15 ± 2.41U/g, remaining Cd stress, and substantially less than control group；The energy value of POD exists
Maximum value occurs in 25mg/kg soil Cd when coercing be 137.24 ± 1.37U/ (gmin), and year-on-year control group increases
38.96%, minimum value occurs in soil Cd level when being 400mg/kg be 43.91 ± 1.61U/ (gmin), year-on-year control group drop
Low 55.54%；There is 0.87 ± 0.03U/ of maximum value (gmin) when being 100mg/kg in the vigor soil Cd of CAT, compares on year-on-year basis
Group increases 19.18%, difference that there are no significant under remaining Cd stress；SOD, POD, CAT 400mg/kg soil Cd stress under,
Vigor is below control group, and year-on-year control group has dropped 16.75%, 55.54%, 5.48% respectively.Daphne odera is at Cd stress
In reason, its active oxygen metabolism of vigor energy normal regulating balance of internal each antioxidase, protection plant preserves from, has to Cd
There is stronger tolerance.
The content of MDA is gradually decreased with the increase of soil Cd concentration, and integral level is lower than control group；MDA content is in Cd
There is 0.33 ± 0.005 μm of ol/g of minimum value when being 100mg/kg in concentration for the treatment of, and year-on-year control group reduces 32.65%；In Cd
Concentration for the treatment of be 400mg/kg when, content be 0.42 ± 0.005 μm of ol/, still lower than control group 18.37%.Daphne odera blade
Interior Lipid peroxidation metabolism degree is lower, and the film rouge in blade is not affected by injury, and daphne odera has stronger tolerance to Cd；
4.2, influence of the Cadmium treated of various concentration to daphne odera fluorescent characteristic:
When soil Cd concentration is 25mg/kg, daphne odera appearance maximum Fv/Fm value, 0.87 ± 0.02, it is higher than control group
1.16%；Minimum value appear in Cd concentration be 400mg/kg when, lower than control group 4.65%.The Fv/Fm value of daphne odera between
Between 0.82-0.87, meet the normal range (NR) of general plant.This explanation, daphne odera is under Cd stress in its photosynthetic organs
PSII is not affected by damage.
The NPQ value of daphne odera is gradually increasing with the raising of soil Cd concentration, and maximum value appears in Cd concentration for the treatment of and is
When 400mg/kg, 0.45 ± 0.07, higher than control group by 80.00%, minimum value then appears in control group, and 0.25 ± 0.02.Seven
In light protective capability in fragrant Photosynthetic, can enhance with the raising of soil Cd concentration, and photosynthetic organs are not affected by damage, plant
Object can be normally carried out photosynthesis.
There is maximum value under the Cd stress of 25mg/kg in the Φ PSII value of daphne odera, higher than control group by 1.0%, remaining side of body
Difference that there are no significant under compeling, daphne odera is under Cd stress, and intracorporal smooth protective capability enhancing, photosynthetic organs are not by light
Stress, each photosynthetic process are not affected by influence, and photosynthesis can be normally carried out, and also be not affected by shadow to the fixation and assimilative capacicy of carbon
It rings；
4.3, heavy metal Cd is in the intracorporal distribution of daphne odera and enrichment characteristics:
With the raising of heavy metal Cd concentration, the root of daphne odera, stem, also conspicuousness rises the Cd content being enriched in leaf therewith,
Its different parts is different to the accumulation characteristic of Cd, when soil Cd level is between 0-50mg/kg, aerial part (stem+leaf) enrichment
Cd ability be higher than subterraneous root；When soil Cd level is higher than 100mg/kg, subterraneous root is enriched with Cd speed and is higher than aerial part,
With the increase of soil Cd concentration, the Cd content of daphne odera aerial part and under ground portion enrichment is continuously increased；The ground of daphne odera
It is respectively 77.92 ± 1.20mg/kg that the Cd content of upper part and root enrichment, which has maximum value in the Cd stress of 400mg/kg,
With 111.63 ± 6.94mg/kg, the Cd in environment can be constantly absorbed into the internal of plant by daphne odera, and with soil Cd concentration
Increase and is continuously improved；
For soil Cd concentration in 0-50mg/kg, daphne odera is greater than 1 (1.19 ± 0.18-1.91 to the transhipment coefficient (TF) of Cd
±0.25)；With the increase of soil Cd concentration, especially when soil Cd level is higher than 100mg/kg, daphne odera turns Cd
Transporting coefficient, there was no significant difference less than 1 (0.7 ± 0.14-0.74 ± 0.08), and between various concentration processing；This illustrates that daphne odera can
The heavy metal Cd of effective transfer root enrichment, aerial part bio-concentration factor and root bio-concentration factor are in 25mg/kg soil
Maximum value 1.58 ± 0.04 and 1.38 ± 0.21 is respectively provided with when earth Cd, but significant with the raising of heavy metal Cd concentration for the treatment of
It reduces, illustrates daphne odera under Cd stress, can constantly extract the heavy metal Cd in soil, but it extracts ability with soil Cd water
Flat raising constantly reduces, and has maximum extracting ability when soil Cd concentration is 25mg/kg；；
5, discussion of results
5.1, under the stress of heavy metal Cd daphne odera leaf antioxidase response and protection mechanism:
When plant is coerced by arid, high temperature, low temperature and heavy metal etc., a large amount of active oxygen can generate in vivo, no
Secondary stress is generated to plant after disconnected accumulation, makes the Lipid peroxidation metabolism of cell membrane, damages the cell membrane of plant；Antioxidant Enzymes
System, be one of plant defense system, wherein SOD enzyme is the first barrier of Antioxidant Enzyme Systems, it by catalysis super oxygen yin from
Sub- free radical O2 ?It is converted into H202With the reaction of ground state oxygen, a large amount of superoxide anion is removed, cell is avoided to come to harm, super oxygen
Anion is converted into H202After ground state oxygen, the H of generation202It also can be to cell damage.POD enzyme and CAT enzyme can be by H202It urges
Change is decomposed into water and oxygen, protects plant cell, and when plant is in stress or organ senescence, cell death, antioxidase is removed
The rate of active oxygen can cause the Lipid peroxidation metabolism degree of cell membrane to enhance, final product malonaldehyde lower than the rate that it is generated
Content also rise with it, therefore, the height of MDA content can reflect the Lipid peroxidation metabolism degree of cell.In this study, in seven
Fragrant SOD enzyme activity in vivo and CAT enzyme activity do not occur significantly improving with the increase of Cd concentration, and POD enzyme activity is then with Cd's
Concentration increase first rises to be declined afterwards, this is similar to the experimental result on current beans seed in office；Moreover, MDA in daphne odera leaf
Content is integrally lower than control group, illustrates under Cd stress, and cell membrane is not affected by injury, and antioxidase can be effectively protected seven
In spiceleaf piece injured from Lipid peroxidation metabolism, daphne odera has very strong tolerance to heavy metal Cd；
5.2, under the stress of heavy metal Cd daphne odera chlorophyll fluorescence variation:
In plant chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics, the situation of change of every chlorophyll fluorescence parameters index can reflect and take the post as
On influence photosynthetic in plant, Fv/Fm value reflects the degree of impairment of plant PS II for what adverse circumstance, the non-stress the case where
Under, which not will receive the influence of species and growth conditions, be generally stabilized between 0.80-0.85, and therefore, which can also be anti-
Mirror whether plant is forced, NPQ value is non-photochemistry fluorescent quenching coefficient, and the size of value reflects PSII reaction center
Antenna beam consume excessive energy by improving non-radiation type heat dissipation after absorbing excessive luminous energy, protect photosynthetic
The ability of mechanism damage is strong and weak, belongs to a kind of self-protective mechanism of plant, when plant is forced, non-photochemistry is glimmering
Optical quenching coefficient NPQ, that is, plant light protective capability will appear variation, and value is bigger, and the light protective capability for indicating plant is stronger, phase
The practical Photochemical Efficiency Φ PSII value of the PSII answered can be also varied, and Φ PSII indicates the practical Photochemical Efficiency of PSII, value
Size represent the power of plant assimilating power, be worth bigger, the assimilatory power of plant is bigger, and the fixation and assimilative capacicy to carbon are also got over
By force, in this study, the value of Fv/Fm and Φ PSII first rises and declines afterwards with the rising of cadmium concentration, the value of NPQ then constantly on
Rise, this at present research annual fleabane herb various concentration Cd stress under the result of Chlorophyll Fluorescence it is similar, illustrate in seven
For perfume (or spice) under Cd stress, intracorporal optical protection mechanism preferably protects photosynthetic organs, can carry out normal photosynthetic work
With being not affected by the stress of cadmium；
5.3, heavy metal Cd coerces enrichment and the transfer characteristic of lower daphne odera:
Plant refers in the Heavy-metal Polluted Environment of high concentration that plant remains to normal growth to the patience of heavy metal, and
It is not affected by apparent damage, and has a certain amount of heavy metal in vivo；Super enriching plant refers to that plant can utilize itself all kinds of mechanism,
Heavy metal excess in environment is absorbed and is transported to aboveground vegetation part, and different heavy metals, to super enriching plant
Definition is also different, and cadmium enriching plant refers to that the aerial part cadmium content of plant has to be larger than 100mg/kg, and transhipment coefficient reflects
Transhipment complexity of certain element from plant root to aboveground vegetation part, bio-concentration factor then reflect it to heavy metal
Accumulation ability power, in this study, daphne odera under the processing of each cadmium concentration, can normal growth, and and control group
Without obvious morphological differences；After measured, intracorporal cadmium content is not up to the standard of Cd-hyperaccumulator, is not belonging to the plant of cadmium super enrichment
Object, but stronger tolerance and enrichment transfer ability are shown to cadmium；
6, research conclusion
In this study, the daphne odera under Cd stress does not occur death and is poisoned phenomenon, shows stronger vitality,
Intracorporal antioxidase is induced to protect plant cell not coerced to eliminate destruction of the active oxygen generated to cell membrane；Respectively
Item chlorophyll fluorescence parameters also reflect daphne odera and are not affected by the larger stress of cadmium, can be normally carried out photosynthesis；To seven
In fragrant intracorporal cadmium content have certain Cd accumulation amount in root, stem and leaf when being measured, but do not reach Cd-hyperaccumulator
Standard, be not belonging to Cd-hyperaccumulator, daphne odera described above under the stress of cadmium, can normal growth, in vivo it is anti-oxidant
The normal Scavenger of ROS of enzyme energy, photosynthesis are not affected by influence, have certain enrichment to cadmium and have stronger tolerance.
After adopting the above method, the invention has the following beneficial effects: a kind of heavy metal cadmium stress of the present invention is to daphne odera
The research that characteristic influences, obtains the daphne odera under Cd stress and does not occur death and be poisoned phenomenon, show stronger vitality,
Intracorporal antioxidase is induced to protect plant cell not coerced to eliminate destruction of the active oxygen generated to cell membrane；Respectively
Item chlorophyll fluorescence parameters also reflect daphne odera and are not affected by the larger stress of cadmium, can be normally carried out photosynthesis；To seven
In fragrant intracorporal cadmium content have certain Cd accumulation amount in root, stem and leaf when being measured, but do not reach Cd-hyperaccumulator
Standard, be not belonging to Cd-hyperaccumulator, daphne odera described above under the stress of cadmium, can normal growth, in vivo it is anti-oxidant
The normal Scavenger of ROS of enzyme energy, photosynthesis are not affected by influence, have certain extracting accumulation ability to cadmium in soil and have
Stronger tolerance.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 be in the present invention Cd to the effect of vigor chart of daphne odera blade MDA (with there is an identical small letter after column data
Letter, indicate not significant (One-way ANOVA) in 5% horizontal upper difference.
Fig. 2 be in the present invention Cd to the effect of vigor chart of daphne odera foliar SOD (with there is an identical small letter after column data
Letter, indicate not significant (One-way ANOVA) in 5% horizontal upper difference.
Fig. 3 be in the present invention Cd to the effect of vigor chart of daphne odera blade POD (with there is an identical small letter after column data
Letter, indicate not significant (One-way ANOVA) in 5% horizontal upper difference.
Fig. 4 is that Cd influences chart (with there is an identical small letter after column data to the content of daphne odera blade CAT in the present invention
Letter, indicate not significant (One-way ANOVA) in 5% horizontal upper difference.
Fig. 5 is that difference Cd concentration handles lower daphne odera blade PSII Photochemical Efficiency parameter list (same column data in the present invention
There is an identical lowercase afterwards, indicates not significant (One-way ANOVA) in 5% horizontal upper difference.
Fig. 6 is that various concentration handles lower Cd in the intracorporal distribution of daphne odera and transhipment coefficient and concentration coefficient in the present invention
Situation table (with there is an identical lowercase after column data, is indicated in the 5% horizontal not significant (One-way of upper difference
ANOVA)。
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.
Referring to as shown in figs 1 to 6, present embodiment the technical solution adopted is that: its research method is as follows:
1, the preparation of experimental material
1.1, vegetable material is annual daphne odera seedling, is adopted in Yunnan Province Gejiu；
It 1.2, is the red soil for not cultivating crop for examination soil；
1.3, agents useful for same is cadmium nitrate (Cd (NO3)2·4H2O), analyze pure；
2, test method
2.1, soil potted plant experiment: taking appropriate soil, after natural air drying, hammer are broken, with Cd2+Solution is uniformly mixed and divides
It is not fitted into bag (non-woven fabrics planting bag), every part of 10kg, Cd is set2+Concentration gradient is 0 (CK), 25,50,100,200,400mg/
Kg (is added) in the form of cadmium nitrate, Cd is not added as control, 5 repetitions of each processing, cultivating bag bottom plastic bag cover
Firmly, it balances 14 days, after balance period, chooses that plant height is close, stem thickness is close, daphne odera seedling similar in leaf blade size and quantity and moves
It plants in experiment basin, after plantation three months, the measurement of index of correlation is carried out, during soil is balanced and planted, it is ensured that soil
Water content is 60% or so；
2.2, the measurement of physical signs: the vitality test of superoxide dismutase (SOD) uses nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) colorimetric
The measurement of method, catalase (CAT) vigor is measured using ultraviolet absorption method, the measurement of peroxidase (POD) vigor
It is measured using guaiacol method, the measurement of malonaldehyde (MDA) content is measured using thiobarbituricacidα- method；
2.3, the measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters: the portable photosynthetic instrument (production of Li-COR company of the U.S.) of Li-6400 is used
Carry out the measurement of photosynthetic parameters；Use leaf chamber size for 3 × 2cm in the evening 21:00-22:00 of fine day, measurement2, used up
Source, temperature, humidity, gas concentration lwevel be under natural conditions, location parameter be initial fluorescence, maximum fluorescence, steady state fluorescence,
Fluorescence, which rises to, can change thylakoid maximum fluorescence, and calculate II maximal photochemistry efficiency of PS, non-photochemistry fluorescent quenching coefficient, PS
II practical Photochemical Efficiency, calculation formula are as follows:
II maximal photochemistry efficiency of PS (Fv/Fm)=(Fm-Fo)/Fm
Non- photochemistry fluorescent quenching coefficient (NPQ)=(Fm-Fm')/Fm'
The practical Photochemical Efficiency of PS II (Φ PSII)=(Fm'-Fs)/Fm', wherein F0 is initial fluorescence, Fm is maximum glimmering
Light, Fs are steady state fluorescence, Fm ' be fluorescence rise to can change thylakoid maximum fluorescence, Fv/Fm be II maximal photochemistry efficiency of PS,
NPQ is non-photochemistry fluorescent quenching coefficient, Φ PSII is the practical Photochemical Efficiency of PS II；
2.4, the measurement of heavy metal cadmium content: root, stem, leaf sample after plantation three months, after weighing 0.2g drying respectively
Afterwards, it crushes, the sieving of 100 mesh, 8ml digestion solution is added, the concentration of digestion solution is HNO3∶H2O2=6: 2, it is placed in microwave dissolver
It is cleared up；It clears up and is cooled to room temperature completely to material, dilute HNO is added3After constant volume, surveyed using flame atomic absorption spectrometry
Cd content in plant material, replication 3 times, and calculate TF, that is, transhipment coefficient and and BCF, that is, concentration coefficient:
Transhipment coefficient (TF)=aerial part cadmium content (mg/kg)/root that is averaged is averaged cadmium content (mg/kg)
Root bio-concentration factor (BCF)=root is averaged the content (mg/kg) of cadmium in cadmium content (mg/kg)/soil
Aerial part bio-concentration factor (BCF)=aerial part is averaged the content of cadmium in cadmium content (mg/kg)/soil
(mg/kg)；
3, data processing
Data processing is carried out using Origin 8.5 and Past 2.08；
4, interpretation of result
4.1, influence of the various concentration Cd processing to the vigor and mda content of daphne odera antioxidase:
Under the stress of Cd, peak occur when the intracorporal SOD vigor of daphne odera is under 100mg/kg soil Cd stress is
Difference that there are no significant under 425.15 ± 2.41U/g, remaining Cd stress, and substantially less than control group；The energy value of POD exists
Maximum value occurs in 25mg/kg soil Cd when coercing be 137.24 ± 1.37U/ (gmin), and year-on-year control group increases
38.96%, minimum value occurs in soil Cd level when being 400mg/kg be 43.91 ± 1.61U/ (gmin), year-on-year control group drop
Low 55.54%；There is 0.87 ± 0.03U/ of maximum value (gmin) when being 100mg/kg in the vigor soil Cd of CAT, compares on year-on-year basis
Group increases 19.18%, difference that there are no significant under remaining Cd stress；SOD, POD, CAT 400mg/kg soil Cd stress under,
Vigor is below control group, and year-on-year control group has dropped 16.75%, 55.54%, 5.48% respectively.Daphne odera is at Cd stress
In reason, its active oxygen metabolism of vigor energy normal regulating balance of internal each antioxidase, protection plant preserves from, has to Cd
There is stronger tolerance.
The content of MDA is gradually decreased with the increase of soil Cd concentration, and integral level is lower than control group；MDA content is in Cd
There is 0.33 ± 0.005 μm of ol/g of minimum value when being 100mg/kg in concentration for the treatment of, and year-on-year control group reduces 32.65%；In Cd
Concentration for the treatment of be 400mg/kg when, content be 0.42 ± 0.005 μm of ol/, still lower than control group 18.37%.Daphne odera blade
Interior Lipid peroxidation metabolism degree is lower, and the film rouge in blade is not affected by injury, and daphne odera has stronger tolerance to Cd；
4.2, influence of the Cadmium treated of various concentration to daphne odera fluorescent characteristic:
When soil Cd concentration is 25mg/kg, daphne odera appearance maximum Fv/Fm value, 0.87 ± 0.02, it is higher than control group
1.16%；Minimum value appear in Cd concentration be 400mg/kg when, lower than control group 4.65%.The Fv/Fm value of daphne odera between
Between 0.82-0.87, meet the normal range (NR) of general plant.This explanation, daphne odera is under Cd stress in its photosynthetic organs
PSII is not affected by damage.
The NPQ value of daphne odera is gradually increasing with the raising of soil Cd concentration, and maximum value appears in Cd concentration for the treatment of and is
When 400mg/kg, 0.45 ± 0.07, higher than control group by 80.00%, minimum value then appears in control group, and 0.25 ± 0.02.Seven
In light protective capability in fragrant Photosynthetic, can enhance with the raising of soil Cd concentration, and photosynthetic organs are not affected by damage, plant
Object can be normally carried out photosynthesis.
There is maximum value under the Cd stress of 25mg/kg in the Φ PSII value of daphne odera, higher than control group by 1.0%, remaining side of body
Difference that there are no significant under compeling, daphne odera is under Cd stress, and intracorporal smooth protective capability enhancing, photosynthetic organs are not by light
Stress, each photosynthetic process are not affected by influence, and photosynthesis can be normally carried out, and also be not affected by shadow to the fixation and assimilative capacicy of carbon
It rings；
4.3, heavy metal Cd is in the intracorporal distribution of daphne odera and enrichment characteristics:
With the raising of heavy metal Cd concentration, the root of daphne odera, stem, also conspicuousness rises the Cd content being enriched in leaf therewith,
Its different parts is different to the accumulation characteristic of Cd, when soil Cd level is between 0-50mg/kg, aerial part (stem+leaf) enrichment
Cd ability be higher than subterraneous root；When soil Cd level is higher than 100mg/kg, subterraneous root is enriched with Cd speed and is higher than aerial part,
With the increase of soil Cd concentration, the Cd content of daphne odera aerial part and under ground portion enrichment is continuously increased；The ground of daphne odera
It is respectively 77.92 ± 1.20mg/kg that the Cd content of upper part and root enrichment, which has maximum value in the Cd stress of 400mg/kg,
With 111.63 ± 6.94mg/kg, the Cd in environment can be constantly absorbed into the internal of plant by daphne odera, and with soil Cd concentration
Increase and is continuously improved；
For soil Cd concentration in 0-50mg/kg, daphne odera is greater than 1 (1.19 ± 0.18-1.91 to the transhipment coefficient (TF) of Cd
±0.25)；With the increase of soil Cd concentration, especially when soil Cd level is higher than 100mg/kg, daphne odera turns Cd
Transporting coefficient, there was no significant difference less than 1 (0.7 ± 0.14-0.74 ± 0.08), and between various concentration processing；This illustrates that daphne odera can
The heavy metal Cd of effective transfer root enrichment, aerial part bio-concentration factor and root bio-concentration factor are in 25mg/kg soil
Maximum value 1.58 ± 0.04 and 1.38 ± 0.21 is respectively provided with when earth Cd, but significant with the raising of heavy metal Cd concentration for the treatment of
It reduces, illustrates daphne odera under Cd stress, can constantly extract the heavy metal Cd in soil, but it extracts ability with soil Cd water
Flat raising constantly reduces, and has maximum extracting ability when soil Cd concentration is 25mg/kg；；
5, discussion of results
5.1, under the stress of heavy metal Cd daphne odera leaf antioxidase response and protection mechanism:
When plant is coerced by arid, high temperature, low temperature and heavy metal etc., a large amount of active oxygen can generate in vivo, no
Secondary stress is generated to plant after disconnected accumulation, makes the Lipid peroxidation metabolism of cell membrane, damages the cell membrane of plant；Antioxidant Enzymes
System, be one of plant defense system, wherein SOD enzyme is the first barrier of Antioxidant Enzyme Systems, it by catalysis super oxygen yin from
Sub- free radical O2 ?It is converted into H202With the reaction of ground state oxygen, a large amount of superoxide anion is removed, cell is avoided to come to harm, super oxygen
Anion is converted into H202After ground state oxygen, the H of generation202It also can be to cell damage.POD enzyme and CAT enzyme can be by H202It urges
Change is decomposed into water and oxygen, protects plant cell, and when plant is in stress or organ senescence, cell death, antioxidase is removed
The rate of active oxygen can cause the Lipid peroxidation metabolism degree of cell membrane to enhance, final product malonaldehyde lower than the rate that it is generated
Content also rise with it, therefore, the height of MDA content can reflect the Lipid peroxidation metabolism degree of cell.In this study, in seven
Fragrant SOD enzyme activity in vivo and CAT enzyme activity do not occur significantly improving with the increase of Cd concentration, and POD enzyme activity is then with Fig. 3's
Concentration increase first rises to be declined afterwards, this is similar to the experimental result on current beans seed in office；Moreover, MDA in daphne odera leaf
Content is integrally lower than control group, illustrates under Cd stress, and cell membrane is not affected by injury, and antioxidase can be effectively protected seven
In spiceleaf piece injured from Lipid peroxidation metabolism, daphne odera has very strong tolerance to heavy metal Cd；
5.2, under the stress of heavy metal Cd daphne odera chlorophyll fluorescence variation:
In plant chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics, the situation of change of every chlorophyll fluorescence parameters index can reflect and take the post as
On influence photosynthetic in plant, Fv/Fm value reflects the degree of impairment of plant PS II for what adverse circumstance, the non-stress the case where
Under, which not will receive the influence of species and growth conditions, be generally stabilized between 0.80-0.85, and therefore, which can also be anti-
Mirror whether plant is forced, NPQ value is non-photochemistry fluorescent quenching coefficient, and the size of value reflects PSII reaction center
Antenna beam consume excessive energy by improving non-radiation type heat dissipation after absorbing excessive luminous energy, protect photosynthetic
The ability of mechanism damage is strong and weak, belongs to a kind of self-protective mechanism of plant, when plant is forced, non-photochemistry is glimmering
Optical quenching coefficient NPQ, that is, plant light protective capability will appear variation, and value is bigger, and the light protective capability for indicating plant is stronger, phase
The practical Photochemical Efficiency Φ PSII value of the PSII answered can be also varied, and Φ PSII indicates the practical Photochemical Efficiency of PSII, value
Size represent the power of plant assimilating power, be worth bigger, the assimilatory power of plant is bigger, and the fixation and assimilative capacicy to carbon are also got over
By force, in this study, the value of Fv/Fm and Φ PSII first rises and declines afterwards with the rising of cadmium concentration, the value of NPQ then constantly on
Rise, this at present research annual fleabane herb various concentration Cd stress under the result of Chlorophyll Fluorescence it is similar, illustrate in seven
For perfume (or spice) under Cd stress, intracorporal optical protection mechanism preferably protects photosynthetic organs, can carry out normal photosynthetic work
With being not affected by the stress of cadmium；
5.3, heavy metal Cd coerces enrichment and the transfer characteristic of lower daphne odera:
Plant refers in the Heavy-metal Polluted Environment of high concentration that plant remains to normal growth to the patience of heavy metal, and
It is not affected by apparent damage, and has a certain amount of heavy metal in vivo；Super enriching plant refers to that plant can utilize itself all kinds of mechanism,
Heavy metal excess in environment is absorbed and is transported to aboveground vegetation part, and different heavy metals, to super enriching plant
Definition is also different, and cadmium enriching plant refers to that the aerial part cadmium content of plant has to be larger than 100mg/kg, and transhipment coefficient reflects
Transhipment complexity of certain element from plant root to aboveground vegetation part, bio-concentration factor then reflect it to heavy metal
Accumulation ability power, in this study, daphne odera under the processing of each cadmium concentration, can normal growth, and and control group
Without obvious morphological differences；After measured, intracorporal cadmium content is not up to the standard of Cd-hyperaccumulator, is not belonging to the plant of cadmium super enrichment
Object, but stronger tolerance and enrichment transfer ability are shown to cadmium；
6, research conclusion
In this study, the daphne odera under Cd stress does not occur death and is poisoned phenomenon, shows stronger vitality,
Intracorporal antioxidase is induced to protect plant cell not coerced to eliminate destruction of the active oxygen generated to cell membrane；Respectively
Item chlorophyll fluorescence parameters also reflect daphne odera and are not affected by the larger stress of cadmium, can be normally carried out photosynthesis；To seven
In fragrant intracorporal cadmium content have certain Cd accumulation amount in root, stem and leaf when being measured, but do not reach Cd-hyperaccumulator
Standard, be not belonging to Cd-hyperaccumulator, daphne odera described above under the stress of cadmium, can normal growth, in vivo it is anti-oxidant
The normal Scavenger of ROS of enzyme energy, photosynthesis are not affected by influence, have certain enrichment to cadmium and have stronger tolerance.
After adopting the above method, the invention has the following beneficial effects: a kind of heavy metal cadmium stress of the present invention is to daphne odera
The research that characteristic influences, obtains the daphne odera under Cd stress and does not occur death and be poisoned phenomenon, show stronger vitality,
Intracorporal antioxidase is induced to protect plant cell not coerced to eliminate destruction of the active oxygen generated to cell membrane；Respectively
Item chlorophyll fluorescence parameters also reflect daphne odera and are not affected by the larger stress of cadmium, can be normally carried out photosynthesis；To seven
In fragrant intracorporal cadmium content have certain Cd accumulation amount in root, stem and leaf when being measured, but do not reach Cd-hyperaccumulator
Standard, be not belonging to Cd-hyperaccumulator, daphne odera described above under the stress of cadmium, can normal growth, in vivo it is anti-oxidant
The normal Scavenger of ROS of enzyme energy, photosynthesis are not affected by influence, have certain extracting accumulation ability to cadmium in soil and have
Stronger tolerance.
The above is only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and not to limit it, and those of ordinary skill in the art are to this hair
The other modifications or equivalent replacement that bright technical solution is made, as long as it does not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical scheme of the present invention,
It is intended to be within the scope of the claims of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of heavy metal cadmium coerces the research influenced on daphne odera characteristic, it is characterised in that: its research method is as follows:
(1), the preparation of experimental material
(1.1), vegetable material is annual daphne odera seedling；
It (1.2), is the red soil for not cultivating crop for examination soil；
(1.3), agents useful for same be cadmium nitrate, analysis it is pure；
(2), test method
(2.1), soil potted plant experiment: taking appropriate soil, after natural air drying, hammer are broken, with Cd2+Solution is uniformly mixed and distinguishes
It is fitted into bag, every part of 10kg, Cd is set2+Concentration gradient be 0 (CK), 25,50,100,200,400mg/kg, using be not added Cd as
Control, 5 repetitions of each processing, cultivating bag bottom entangled with polybag, is balanced 14 days, after balance period, selection plant height is close,
Stem thickness is close, daphne odera seedling similar in leaf blade size and quantity and is transplanted in experiment basin, after plantation three months, carries out correlation and refers to
Target measurement, during soil is balanced and planted, it is ensured that the water content of soil is 60% or so；
(2.2), the measurement of physical signs: the vitality test of superoxide dismutase uses nitroblue tetrazolium colorimetric method, catalase
The measurement of vigor is measured using ultraviolet absorption method, the measurement of peroxidase activity is measured using guaiacol method,
The measurement of mda content is measured using thiobarbituricacidα- method；
(2.3), the measurement of photosynthetic parameters the measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters: is carried out using the portable photosynthetic instrument of Li-6400；Fine
It evening 21:00-22:00, when measurement, use leaf chamber size for 3 × 2cm2, light source used, temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide are dense
Degree is that under natural conditions, location parameter is initial fluorescence, maximum fluorescence, steady state fluorescence, fluorescence rises to can change thylakoid most
Big fluorescence, and II maximal photochemistry efficiency of PS, non-photochemistry fluorescent quenching coefficient, the practical Photochemical Efficiency of PS II are calculated, it calculates
Formula is as follows:
II maximal photochemistry efficiency of PS: Fv/Fm=(Fm-Fo)/Fm
Non- photochemistry fluorescent quenching coefficient: NPQ=(Fm-Fm')/Fm'
The practical Photochemical Efficiency of PS II: Φ PSII=(Fm'-Fs)/Fm', wherein F0 is initial fluorescence, Fm is maximum fluorescence, Fs
For steady state fluorescence, Fm ' be fluorescence rise to can change thylakoid maximum fluorescence, Fv/Fm is II maximal photochemistry efficiency of PS, NPQ is
Non- photochemistry fluorescent quenching coefficient, Φ PSII are the practical Photochemical Efficiency of PS II；
(2.4), the measurement of heavy metal cadmium content: after plantation three months, after the root, stem, leaf sample after weighing 0.2g drying respectively,
It crushes, the sieving of 100 mesh, 8ml digestion solution is added, the concentration of digestion solution is HNO3∶H2O2=6: 2, it is placed in microwave dissolver and carries out
Resolution；It clears up and is cooled to room temperature completely to material, dilute HNO is added3After constant volume, planted using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Determination
Cd content in object material, replication 3 times, and calculate TF, that is, transhipment coefficient and and BCF, that is, concentration coefficient:
Transhipment coefficient=aerial part cadmium content/root that is averaged is averaged cadmium content
Root bio-concentration factor=root is averaged the content of cadmium in cadmium content/soil
Aerial part bio-concentration factor=aerial part is averaged the content of cadmium in cadmium content/soil；
(3), data processing
Data processing is carried out using Origin 8.5 and Past 2.08；
(4), interpretation of result
(4.1), influence of the various concentration Cd processing to the vigor and mda content of daphne odera antioxidase:
Under the stress of Cd, peak occur when the intracorporal SOD vigor of daphne odera is under 100mg/kg soil Cd stress is
Difference that there are no significant under 425.15 ± 2.41U/g, remaining Cd stress, and substantially less than control group；The energy value of POD exists
Maximum value occurs in 25mg/kg soil Cd when coercing be 137.24 ± 1.37U/ (gmin), and year-on-year control group increases
38.96%, minimum value occurs in soil Cd level when being 400mg/kg be 43.91 ± 1.61U/ (gmin), year-on-year control group drop
Low 55.54%；There is 0.87 ± 0.03U/ of maximum value (gmin) when being 100mg/kg in the vigor soil Cd of CAT, compares on year-on-year basis
Group increases 19.18%, difference that there are no significant under remaining Cd stress；SOD, POD, CAT 400mg/kg soil Cd stress under,
Vigor is below control group, and year-on-year control group has dropped 16.75%, 55.54%, 5.48% respectively, and daphne odera is at Cd stress
In reason, its active oxygen metabolism of vigor energy normal regulating balance of internal each antioxidase, protection plant preserves from, has to Cd
There is stronger tolerance；
The content of MDA is gradually decreased with the increase of soil Cd concentration, and integral level is lower than control group；MDA content is in Cd processing
There is 0.33 ± 0.005 μm of ol/g of minimum value when being 100mg/kg in concentration, and year-on-year control group reduces 32.65%；In Cd processing
When concentration is 400mg/kg, content is 0.42 ± 0.005 μm of ol/, still lower than control group 18.37%, in daphne odera blade
Lipid peroxidation metabolism degree is lower, and the film rouge in blade is not affected by injury, and daphne odera has stronger tolerance to Cd；
(4.2), influence of the Cadmium treated of various concentration to daphne odera fluorescent characteristic:
When soil Cd concentration is 25mg/kg, daphne odera appearance maximum Fv/Fm value, 0.87 ± 0.02, it is higher than control group
1.16%；Minimum value appear in Cd concentration be 400mg/kg when, lower than control group 4.65%；The Fv/Fm value of daphne odera between
Between 0.82-0.87, meet the normal range (NR) of general plant, this explanation, daphne odera is under Cd stress in its photosynthetic organs
PSII is not affected by damage；
The NPQ value of daphne odera is gradually increasing with the raising of soil Cd concentration, and it is 400mg/ that maximum value, which appears in Cd concentration for the treatment of,
When kg, 0.45 ± 0.07, higher than control group by 80.00%, minimum value then appears in control group, and 0.25 ± 0.02, daphne odera light
The light protective capability in mechanism is closed, can be enhanced with the raising of soil Cd concentration, and photosynthetic organs are not affected by damage, plant can be just
Often carry out photosynthesis；
There is maximum value under the Cd stress of 25mg/kg in the Φ PSII value of daphne odera, higher than control group by 1.0%, under remaining stress
Difference that there are no significant, daphne odera under Cd stress, do not coerced by light by intracorporal smooth protective capability enhancing, photosynthetic organs
Compel, each photosynthetic process is not affected by influence, and photosynthesis can be normally carried out, and is also not affected by shadow to the fixation and assimilative capacicy of carbon
It rings；
(4.3), heavy metal Cd is in the intracorporal distribution of daphne odera and enrichment characteristics:
With the raising of heavy metal Cd concentration, the root of daphne odera, stem, also conspicuousness rises the Cd content being enriched in leaf therewith, no
Different with accumulation characteristic of the position to Cd, when soil Cd level is between 0-50mg/kg, the Cd ability of aerial part enrichment is higher than
Subterraneous root；When soil Cd level is higher than 100mg/kg, subterraneous root is enriched with Cd speed and is higher than aerial part, with soil Cd concentration
Increase, daphne odera aerial part and under ground portion enrichment Cd content be continuously increased；The aerial part of daphne odera and root
The Cd content of enrichment 400mg/kg Cd stress when have maximum value be respectively 77.92 ± 1.20mg/kg and 111.63 ±
6.94mg/kg, the Cd in environment can be constantly absorbed into the internal of plant by daphne odera, and constantly be mentioned with the increase of soil Cd concentration
It is high；
For soil Cd concentration in 0-50mg/kg, daphne odera is 1.19 ± 0.18-1.91 ± 0.25 to the transhipment coefficient of Cd；With
The increase of soil Cd concentration, especially when soil Cd level is higher than 100mg/kg, daphne odera to the transhipment coefficient of Cd be 0.7 ±
0.14-0.74 ± 0.08, and there was no significant difference between various concentration processing；This illustrates that daphne odera can effectively shift root enrichment
Heavy metal Cd, aerial part bio-concentration factor and root bio-concentration factor are respectively provided with maximum in 25mg/kg soil Cd
Value 1.58 ± 0.04 and 1.38 ± 0.21, but significantly reduced with the raising of heavy metal Cd concentration for the treatment of, illustrate that daphne odera exists
Under Cd stress, the heavy metal Cd in soil can be constantly extracted, but its extracting ability is constantly reduced with the raising of soil Cd level,
And there is maximum extracting ability when soil Cd concentration is 25mg/kg；
(5), discussion of results
(5.1), under the stress of heavy metal Cd daphne odera leaf antioxidase response and protection mechanism:
When plant is coerced by arid, high temperature, low temperature and heavy metal etc., a large amount of active oxygen can generate in vivo, constantly product
Secondary stress is generated to plant after tired, makes the Lipid peroxidation metabolism of cell membrane, damages the cell membrane of plant；Antioxidant Enzyme Systems are
One of plant defense system, wherein SOD enzyme is the first barrier of Antioxidant Enzyme Systems, it is free by catalysis superoxide anion
Base O2 ?It is converted into H202With the reaction of ground state oxygen, a large amount of superoxide anion is removed, cell is avoided to come to harm, superoxide anion
It is converted into H202After ground state oxygen, the H of generation202It also can be to cell damage；POD enzyme and CAT enzyme can be by H202Catalytic decomposition
For water and oxygen, plant cell is protected, when plant is in stress or organ senescence, cell death, antioxidase Scavenger of ROS
Rate can lower than its generate rate, cause the Lipid peroxidation metabolism degree of cell membrane to enhance, the content of final product malonaldehyde
Also it rises with it, therefore, the height of MDA content can reflect the Lipid peroxidation metabolism degree of cell, in this study, in daphne odera body
SOD enzyme activity and CAT enzyme activity do not occur significantly improving with the increase of Cd concentration, and POD enzyme activity then increases with Cd concentration
First rise and decline afterwards, this is similar to the experimental result on current beans seed in office；Moreover, the content of MDA is whole in daphne odera leaf
Lower than control group, illustrate under Cd stress, cell membrane is not affected by injury, and daphne odera blade can be effectively protected in antioxidase
It is injured from Lipid peroxidation metabolism, daphne odera has very strong tolerance to heavy metal Cd；
(5.2), under the stress of heavy metal Cd daphne odera chlorophyll fluorescence variation:
In plant chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics, the situation of change of every chlorophyll fluorescence parameters index be can reflect out any inverse
On influence photosynthetic in plant, Fv/Fm value reflects the degree of impairment of plant PS II in border, in the case where non-stress,
The value not will receive the influence of species and growth conditions, be generally stabilized between 0.80-0.85, and therefore, which also can reflect
Whether plant is forced out, and NPQ value is non-photochemistry fluorescent quenching coefficient, and the size of value reflects PSII reaction center
Antenna beam consumes excessive energy, protects photosynthetic machine by improving non-radiation type heat dissipation after absorbing excessive luminous energy
The ability of structure damage is strong and weak, belongs to a kind of self-protective mechanism of plant, when plant is forced, non-photochemistry fluorescence
The light protective capability that the i.e. plant of coefficient NPQ is quenched will appear variation, and value is bigger, and the light protective capability for indicating plant is stronger, accordingly
The practical Photochemical Efficiency Φ PSII value of PSII can also be varied, Φ PSII indicate the practical Photochemical Efficiency of PSII, value
Size represents the power of plant assimilating power, and value is bigger, and the assimilatory power of plant is bigger, also stronger to the fixation and assimilative capacicy of carbon,
In this study, the value of Fv/Fm and Φ PSII first rises and declines afterwards with the rising of cadmium concentration, and the value of NPQ then constantly rises, this
To at present research annual fleabane herb various concentration Cd stress under the result of Chlorophyll Fluorescence it is similar, illustrate daphne odera in cadmium
Under stress, intracorporal optical protection mechanism preferably protects photosynthetic organs, can carry out normal photosynthesis, not by
To the stress of cadmium；
(5.3), heavy metal Cd coerces enrichment and the transfer characteristic of lower daphne odera:
Plant refers in the Heavy-metal Polluted Environment of high concentration that plant remains to normal growth to the patience of heavy metal, not by
To apparent damage, and there is a certain amount of heavy metal in vivo；Super enriching plant refers to that plant can be using itself all kinds of mechanism, by ring
Heavy metal excess in border absorbs and is transported to aboveground vegetation part, and different heavy metals, the definition to super enriching plant
Also different, cadmium enriching plant refers to that the aerial part cadmium content of plant has to be larger than 100mg/kg, and transhipment coefficient reflects certain
Transhipment complexity of the element from plant root to aboveground vegetation part, bio-concentration factor then reflect its richness to heavy metal
The power of collection ability, in this study, daphne odera is under the processing of each cadmium concentration, equal energy normal growth, and with control group without bright
Aobvious morphological differences；After measured, intracorporal cadmium content is not up to the standard of Cd-hyperaccumulator, is not belonging to Cd-hyperaccumulator,
But stronger tolerance and enrichment transfer ability are shown to cadmium；
(6), research conclusion
In this study, the daphne odera under Cd stress does not occur death and is poisoned phenomenon, shows stronger vitality, in vivo
Antioxidase be induced to protect plant cell not coerced to eliminate destruction of the active oxygen to cell membrane generated；Every leaf
Green element fluorescence parameter also reflects daphne odera and is not affected by the larger stress of cadmium, can be normally carried out photosynthesis；To daphne odera
There is certain Cd accumulation amount when intracorporal cadmium content is measured, in root, stem and leaf, but does not reach the mark of Cd-hyperaccumulator
Standard is not belonging to Cd-hyperaccumulator, and daphne odera described above is under the stress of cadmium, energy normal growth, internal antioxidase energy
Normal Scavenger of ROS, photosynthesis are not affected by influence, have certain enrichment to cadmium and have stronger tolerance.
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| CN112375564B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-03-15 | 中山大学 | Method for preparing environment-friendly optical material by utilizing rare earth hyper-enriched plants |
| CN115839937A (en) * | 2022-12-20 | 2023-03-24 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Taxus chinensis stress detection method based on chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technology |
| CN115839937B (en) * | 2022-12-20 | 2024-01-09 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Taxus chinensis stress detection method based on chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technology |
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