CN109120401A - HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding methods, devices and systems of polarized orthogonal rotation - Google Patents

HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding methods, devices and systems of polarized orthogonal rotation Download PDF

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CN109120401A
CN109120401A CN201811267170.0A CN201811267170A CN109120401A CN 109120401 A CN109120401 A CN 109120401A CN 201811267170 A CN201811267170 A CN 201811267170A CN 109120401 A CN109120401 A CN 109120401A
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phase
light pulse
polarization
optical
strips
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CN109120401B (en
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许华醒
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China Electronics Technology Group Corp CETC
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
    • H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
    • H04L9/0852—Quantum cryptography
    • H04L9/0858—Details about key distillation or coding, e.g. reconciliation, error correction, privacy amplification, polarisation coding or phase coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/70—Photonic quantum communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
    • H04B10/524—Pulse modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
    • H04B10/532—Polarisation modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
    • H04B10/548—Phase or frequency modulation
    • H04B10/556—Digital modulation, e.g. differential phase shift keying [DPSK] or frequency shift keying [FSK]
    • H04B10/5561—Digital phase modulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding methods, devices and systems based on polarized orthogonal rotation.This method comprises: being the first via and the second tunnel light pulse by input optical pulse beam splitting；HVDC Modulation phase decoding is carried out to first via light pulse, the decoding of time bit is carried out to the second tunnel light pulse.It is to close beam after the two-way sub-light pulse transmitted in two strip optical paths to export that first via light pulse, to carry out HVDC Modulation phase decoding, which include: by first via light pulse beam splitting, at least one sub-light road includes at least one polarized orthogonal rotating device, the phase difference through two strip optic paths differs the integral multiple of 2 π during each comfortable beam splitting to conjunction beam of two orthogonal polarisation states of control first via light pulse, at least one two-way sub-light pulse transmitted in two strip optical paths progress direct current phase-modulation.The present invention is able to achieve the immune time bit-phase code quantum key distribution solution of environmental disturbances, and high-speed phase modulation is avoided to require.

Description

HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding of polarized orthogonal rotation Methods, devices and systems
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical transport private communication technology field more particularly to a kind of direct current tune based on polarized orthogonal rotation Quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding method, apparatus processed and the quantum key distribution system including the device.
Background technique
Quantum Secure Communication is the forward position focus field that quantum physics are combined with information science.Based on quantum key Distribution technology and one time cryptosystem principle, quantum secret communication can be in the safe transmissions of overt channel realization information.Quantum is close Key distribution, can be between users based on physical principles such as quantum mechanics Heisenberg uncertainty relationship, quantum non-clone principles Safely shared key, and can detecte potential eavesdropping behavior, it can be applied to the high safeties such as national defence, government affairs, finance, electric power The field of information transfer demands.
Currently, ground quantum key distribution is based primarily upon fibre channel transmission, and light pulse is in Fiber quantum transmission In the process, because there are the non-circular symmetrical, fiber core refractive index in section radially non-idealities such as uneven distribution for optical fiber fabrication, and Optical fiber is influenced by temperature, strain, bending etc. in the actual environment, generates random birefringence effect.M- phase when quantum key distribution Bit protocol is compiled using one group of time base and one group of phase base coding, time base using the time mode of two different time positions Code, phase base are encoded using two phase differences of front and back light pulse.Influenced by optical fiber random birefringence, light pulse through it is long away from When from reaching receiving end after optical fiber transmission, random variation is had occurred in polarization state.When m- phase code in the decoding of time base Not by polarization state variation influenced, however phase base interfere decoding when, because transmission fiber and encoding and decoding interferometer optical fiber are two-fold Projection is rung, and be there is polarization induction fading problem, is caused decoding interference unstable, the bit error rate is caused to increase, if increasing correcting device, System complexity and cost are increased, and stable application is difficult to strong jammings situations such as aerial optical cable, road and bridge optical cables.It is close to quantum How key m- phase encoding scheme when distributing solves phase base decoding in time bit-phase code quantum key distribution application When because polarization induction decline caused by phase decoding interference it is unstable, with carry out with realizing stability and high efficiency phase interference decoding be base The hot spot and problem of quantum secret communication application are carried out in existing optical cable infrastructure.
Summary of the invention
At least one in order to solve the above problem, the present invention proposes that a kind of HVDC Modulation quantum based on polarized orthogonal rotation is close Key distributes time bit-phase decoding method and apparatus.
The present invention provides at least following technical scheme:
1. a kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding method based on polarized orthogonal rotation, It is characterized in that, which comprises
It is first via light pulse and the second tunnel light pulse by the beam splitting of input optical pulse all the way of incident random polarization state；With And
According to quantum key distribution agreement, HVDC Modulation phase decoding is carried out to the first via light pulse and to described the Two tunnel light pulses carry out the decoding of time bit,
Wherein, carrying out HVDC Modulation phase decoding to the first via light pulse includes:
It is the pulse of two-way sub-light by the first via light pulse beam splitting；And
The two-way sub-light pulse is transmitted in two strip optical paths respectively, and relative time delay is made into the two-way sub-light pulse Beam output is closed afterwards,
Wherein, it is rotated at least one sub-light road in the two strips optical path comprising at least one polarized orthogonal Device, the polarized orthogonal rotating device are configured for two orthogonal polarisation states point through the pulse of sub-light all the way of its transmission Not carry out polarized orthogonal rotation so that after via the polarized orthogonal rotating device, two cross-polarizations of the sub-light pulse all the way Each polarization state in state is transformed into orthogonal to that polarization state respectively, and
A polarization state in two orthogonal polarisation states of the first via light pulse is wherein controlled in beam splitting to conjunction beam Phase difference and phase difference of another polarization state through the two strips optic path in the process through the two strips optic path So that two phase differences differ the integral multiple of 2 π, and
Wherein, in beam splitting to two-way sub-light pulse during closing beam, to being transmitted in the two strips optical path At least one of according to quantum key distribution agreement carry out direct current phase-modulation.
2. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase according to scheme 1 based on polarized orthogonal rotation Coding/decoding method, which is characterized in that the two strips optical path includes depositing for two orthogonal polarisation states of the first via light pulse There are two orthogonal polarisation states for the first via light pulse in birefringent optical path and/or the two strips optical path There are birefringent optical devices, wherein a polarization state in two orthogonal polarisation states of the control first via light pulse Phase difference and another polarization state during beam splitting to conjunction beam through the two strips optic path is through two sub-lights The phase difference of road transmission makes the integral multiple of two 2 π of phase differences difference, comprising:
Keep each of the two orthogonal polarisation states polarization state during beam splitting to conjunction beam through described two respectively It keeps polarization state constant when strip optic path and/or is kept after the polarized orthogonal rotating device carries out polarized orthogonal rotation Its corresponding orthogonal polarisation state is constant；And
Adjustment is there are the length of birefringent optical path and/or there are the birefringent sizes of birefringent optical device, so that this A polarization state in two orthogonal polarisation states is in beam splitting to the phase difference through two strips optic path during closing beam The integral multiple of 2 π is differed through the phase difference of the two strips optic path with another polarization state.
3. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase based on polarized orthogonal rotation according to scheme 1 or 2 Position coding/decoding method, which is characterized in that
The two strips optical path is configured to polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path, and two of the control first via light pulse are orthogonal partially A polarization state in polarization state is inclined with another to phase difference during closing beam through the two strips optic path in beam splitting Polarization state makes the integral multiple of two 2 π of phase differences difference through the phase difference of the two strips optic path, comprising:
Control when a polarization eigen state of polarization maintaining optical fibre transmits in a strip optical path in the two strips optical path The distance transmitted under the polarization eigen state situation and transmitted under the orthogonal polarisation state situation for being converted to the polarization eigen state away from From first distance is poor and another strip optical path that the polarization eigen state is in the two strips optical path on transmit when at this Levy the distance transmitted and the distance transmitted under the orthogonal polarisation state situation for being converted to the polarization eigen state under polarization state situation Second range difference, so that the integral multiple of first distance difference and second range difference difference beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber.
4. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase based on polarized orthogonal rotation according to scheme 1 or 3 Position coding/decoding method, which is characterized in that one wherein in two orthogonal polarisation states of the control first via light pulse is inclined Phase difference and another polarization state of the polarization state during beam splitting to conjunction beam through the two strips optic path are through described two The phase difference of sub- optic path makes the integral multiple of two 2 π of phase differences difference, comprising:
The two strips optical path includes a polarized orthogonal rotating device, and each polarized orthogonal rotating device is located at institute At the midpoint on sub-light road.
5. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase according to scheme 1 based on polarized orthogonal rotation Coding/decoding method, which is characterized in that the polarized orthogonal rotating device is 90 degree of Faraday rotators or half-wave plate.
6. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase according to scheme 1 based on polarized orthogonal rotation Coding/decoding method, which is characterized in that on at least one sub-light road in the two strips optical path configure polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher and/ Or birefringent phase modulator, wherein adjusting institute by the polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher and/or the birefringent phase modulator A polarization state in two orthogonal polarisation states of first via light pulse is stated during beam splitting to conjunction beam through two strip The difference of the phase difference of the phase difference of optic path and another polarization state through the two strips optic path.
7. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase according to scheme 1 based on polarized orthogonal rotation Coding/decoding method, which is characterized in that carrying out the decoding of time bit to second tunnel light pulse includes:
Second tunnel light pulse is directly exported and is used to detect；Or
Output after the second tunnel light pulse beam splitting is used to detect.
8. a kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding device based on polarized orthogonal rotation, It is characterized in that, the time bit-phase decoding device includes:
Preposition beam splitter is configured for the beam splitting of input optical pulse all the way of incident random polarization state being first via light Pulse and the second tunnel light pulse；And
With the direct current phase decoder of the preposition beam splitter optical coupling, be configured for the first via light pulse into Row direct current phase decoding,
The direct current phase decoder include the first beam splitter, the first bundling device and with the first beam splitter optical coupling And the two strip optical paths with the first bundling device optical coupling, wherein
First beam splitter is configured for the first via light pulse beam splitting being the pulse of two-way sub-light；
The two strips optical path is used to transmit the two-way sub-light pulse respectively, and for realizing the two-way sub-light pulse Relative time delay；
First bundling device is configured for closing the two-way sub-light pulse after relative time delay into beam output,
Wherein, it is rotated at least one sub-light road in the two strips optical path comprising at least one polarized orthogonal Device, the polarized orthogonal rotating device are configured for two orthogonal polarisation states point through the pulse of sub-light all the way of its transmission Not carry out polarized orthogonal rotation so that after via the polarized orthogonal rotating device, two cross-polarizations of the sub-light pulse all the way Each polarization state in state is transformed into orthogonal to that polarization state respectively, and
Wherein in the direct current phase decoder, the two strips optical path and optical device thereon are configured to, and are controlled A polarization state in two orthogonal polarisation states of the first via light pulse is during beam splitting to conjunction beam through two strip The phase difference of optic path makes two phase differences differ 2 with another polarization state through the phase difference of the two strips optic path The integral multiple of π,
Wherein the direct current phase decoder has the direct current phase tune being located at least one of described two strips optical path Device processed, the direct current phase-modulator are configured for the light pulse through the sub- optic path where it according to quantum key point It sends out agreement and carries out direct current phase-modulation,
Wherein light pulse output in second tunnel is used to carry out time bit decoding by the preposition beam splitter.
9. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase based on polarized orthogonal rotation according to scheme 8 Decoding apparatus, which is characterized in that the two strips optical path is configured to polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path, the two strips optical path and light thereon Device is further constructed to, and controls a strip optical path of the polarization eigen state of polarization maintaining optical fibre in the two strips optical path The distance transmitted under the polarization eigen state situation when upper transmission and in the orthogonal polarisation state situation for being converted to the polarization eigen state Another strip optical path that the first distance of the distance of lower transmission is poor and the polarization eigen state is in the two strips optical path uploads It the distance transmitted under the polarization eigen state situation when defeated and is passed under the orthogonal polarisation state situation for being converted to the polarization eigen state The second range difference of defeated distance, so that the integral multiple of first distance difference and second range difference difference beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber.
10. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-based on polarized orthogonal rotation according to scheme 8 or 9 Phase decoding device, which is characterized in that
The two strips optical path includes a polarized orthogonal rotating device, and each polarized orthogonal rotating device is located at institute At the midpoint on sub-light road.
11. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase based on polarized orthogonal rotation according to scheme 8 Decoding apparatus, which is characterized in that the polarized orthogonal rotating device is 90 degree of Faraday rotators or half-wave plate.
12. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase based on polarized orthogonal rotation according to scheme 8 Decoding apparatus, which is characterized in that the direct current phase decoder further include:
The polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher of any sub-light road in the two strips optical path, the polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher It is configured for adjusting the polarization maintaining optical fibre length of the optical path where it；And/or
The birefringent phase modulator of any sub-light road in the two strips optical path, the birefringent phase tune Device processed is configured for applying different adjustable phase-modulations to two orthogonal polarisation states of the light pulse by it.
13. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase based on polarized orthogonal rotation according to scheme 8 Decoding apparatus, which is characterized in that the direct current phase-modulator is to polarize unrelated phase-modulator；The direct current phase-modulator It is configured for carrying out 0 degree of direct current phase-modulation or 180 degree direct current phase-modulation to by its light pulse.
14. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase based on polarized orthogonal rotation according to scheme 8 Decoding apparatus, which is characterized in that
The direct current phase decoder uses the light channel structure of unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer；Alternatively,
The direct current phase decoder uses the light channel structure of unequal arm Michelson's interferometer, wherein described first closes beam Device and first beam splitter are same device, the direct current phase decoder further include:
Two reflecting mirrors, described two reflecting mirrors are located in the two strips optical path, and are respectively configured for The two-way sub-light pulse-echo come through the two strips optic path from first beam splitter is returned described first Beam splitter；With,
Optical circulator, the optical circulator are located at first beam splitter front end, and the first via light pulse is input to institute It states the first port of optical circulator and exports from the second port of the optical circulator to first beam splitter, from described the The conjunction beam output of one beam splitter is input to the second port of the optical circulator and defeated from the third port of the optical circulator Out,
Wherein one of output port of first beam splitter of the direct current phase decoder is same with input port Port.
15. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase based on polarized orthogonal rotation according to scheme 8 Decoding apparatus, which is characterized in that first beam splitter and first bundling device and first beam splitter and described Optical device between one bundling device in optical path is that polarization keeps optical device or non-birefringent optical device.
16. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase based on polarized orthogonal rotation according to scheme 8 Decoding apparatus, which is characterized in that the time bit-phase decoding device further includes the second beam splitter, second beam splitter It is optically coupled to the preposition beam splitter, and is configured for receiving second tunnel light pulse and by second tunnel light pulse Output is for carrying out time bit decoding after beam splitting.
17. a kind of quantum key distribution system characterized by comprising
The HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time based on polarized orthogonal rotation according to any one of scheme 8~16 The receiving end of the quantum key distribution system is arranged in for time bit-phase decoding in bit-phase decoding device； And/or
The HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time based on polarized orthogonal rotation according to any one of scheme 8~16 The transmitting terminal of the quantum key distribution system is arranged in for time bit-phase code in bit-phase decoding device.
Using the solution of the present invention, it can be achieved that multiple advantages.For example, for time bit-phase code quantum key point Hair application, the present invention in interferometer two-arm by using polarized orthogonal rotating device, light arteries and veins in easily controllable phase base decoding The difference of the phase difference transmitted in the two-arm of each comfortable unequal arm interferometer of two orthogonal polarisation states of punching, realizes that the two are orthogonal partially Polarization state effectively interferes output in output port simultaneously, is achieved in the immune phase base decoding function of environmental disturbances, makes it possible to Realize the immune time bit-phase code quantum key distribution solution of stable environmental disturbances.In addition, in phase decoding In to light pulse carry out direct current select keynote system, it may be advantageous to reduce with phase base decode selects phase-modulation when base is relevant to want It asks, selects high-speed phase modulation when base to require particularly with decoding is avoided for High Speed System.Quantum key of the invention point Hair decoding scheme can resist polarization induction decline while avoid the need for be highly suitable for existing to complicated correcting device The high speed quantum key distribution application scenarios of environmental disturbances.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time based on polarized orthogonal rotation of a preferred embodiment of the invention Bit-phase decoding method flow chart；
Fig. 2 is the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time based on polarized orthogonal rotation of a preferred embodiment of the invention Bit-phase decoding device composed structure schematic diagram；
When Fig. 3 is the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution based on polarized orthogonal rotation of another preferred embodiment of the present invention Between bit-phase decoding device composed structure schematic diagram；
When Fig. 4 is the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution based on polarized orthogonal rotation of another preferred embodiment of the present invention Between bit-phase decoding device composed structure schematic diagram；
When Fig. 5 is the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution based on polarized orthogonal rotation of another preferred embodiment of the present invention Between bit-phase decoding device composed structure schematic diagram；
When Fig. 6 is the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution based on polarized orthogonal rotation of another preferred embodiment of the present invention Between bit-phase decoding device composed structure schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Specifically describe the preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawing, wherein attached drawing constitutes one of the application Point, and be used to illustrate the principle of the present invention together with embodiment of the present invention.For purpose of clarity and simplification, when it may make When subject of the present invention is smudgy, the detailed of known function and structure of device described herein is illustrated and will be saved Slightly.
A kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time based on polarized orthogonal rotation of a preferred embodiment of the invention Bit-phase decoding method as shown in Figure 1, specifically includes the following steps:
Step S101: being first via light pulse and the second tunnel by the beam splitting of input optical pulse all the way of incident random polarization state Light pulse.
Specifically, incident input optical pulse is random polarization state, it is can be linear polarization, circular polarization or oval The complete polarized light of polarization is also possible to partial poolarized light or non-polarized light.
Step S102: according to quantum key distribution agreement, HVDC Modulation phase decoding and right is carried out to first via light pulse Second tunnel light pulse carries out the decoding of time bit.
As skilled in the art will understand, can be regarded as per light pulse all the way by two orthogonal polarisation states (for example, Orthogonal x-polarisation state and y-polarisation state) composition.Equally, the two-way sub-light pulse obtained by first via light pulse beam splitting can also be seen The identical two orthogonal polarisation states composition of the Cheng Youyu first via light pulse.
Step S103: HVDC Modulation phase decoding is carried out to first via light pulse can include:
It is the pulse of two-way sub-light by first via light pulse beam splitting；And
The two-way sub-light pulse is transmitted in two strip optical paths respectively, and relative time delay is made into the two-way sub-light pulse Beam output is closed afterwards,
Wherein, it is rotated at least one sub-light road in the two strips optical path comprising at least one polarized orthogonal Device, the polarized orthogonal rotating device are configured for two orthogonal polarisation states point through the pulse of sub-light all the way of its transmission Not carry out polarized orthogonal rotation so that after via the polarized orthogonal rotating device, two cross-polarizations of the sub-light pulse all the way Each polarization state in state is transformed into orthogonal to that polarization state respectively, also,
A polarization state in two orthogonal polarisation states of the first via light pulse is wherein controlled in beam splitting to conjunction beam Phase difference and phase difference of another polarization state through the two strips optic path in the process through the two strips optic path So that two phase differences differ the integral multiple of 2 π.
In the method for Fig. 1, HVDC Modulation phase solution is being carried out according to quantum key distribution agreement to first via light pulse Direct current phase-modulation is carried out as described below during code: during beam splitting to conjunction beam, in the two strips optical path At least one of described two-way sub-light pulse of transmission carries out direct current phase-modulation according to quantum key distribution agreement.
Here, relative time delay and phase-modulation are carried out according to the requirement and regulation of quantum key distribution agreement, are not made herein It is described in detail.
About a polarization state in two orthogonal polarisation states for controlling the first via light pulse in beam splitting to conjunction beam Phase difference and phase difference of another polarization state through the two strips optic path in the process through the two strips optic path So that two phase differences differ the integral multiple of 2 π, for example, it is assumed that the two orthogonal polarisation states are respectively x-polarisation state and y inclined X-polarisation state is shown as Δ x in beam splitting to the phase meter through two strip optic paths during closing beam, by y-polarisation state by polarization state It is shown as Δ y in beam splitting to the phase meter through two strip optic paths during closing beam, then the two of the first via light pulse A polarization state in a orthogonal polarisation state beam splitting to during closing beam through the two strips optic path phase difference with Another polarization state differs the integral multiple of 2 π, the in other words first via light pulse through the phase difference of the two strips optic path Each comfortable beam splitting of two orthogonal polarisation states to the integer for closing the phase difference through two strip optic paths during beam and differing 2 π Times, it can indicate are as follows:
Δ x-Δ y=2 π * m,
Wherein m is integer, can be positive integer, negative integer or zero.
In a kind of possible embodiment, it is used for transmission the two of the two-way sub-light pulse that first via light pulse beam splitting obtains Strip optical path includes that there are birefringent optical paths for two orthogonal polarisation states of the first via light pulse, and/or at this two Sub-light road has two orthogonal polarisation states for the first via light pulse, and there are birefringent optical devices.In such case Under, a polarization state in two orthogonal polarisation states of the control first via light pulse is in beam splitting to during closing beam Phase difference and another polarization state through the two strips optic path make two through the phase difference of the two strips optic path A phase difference differs the integral multiple of 2 π, comprising: keep respectively each of the two orthogonal polarisation states polarization state beam splitting extremely Close beam during through when the two strips optic path keep polarization state it is constant and/or through the polarized orthogonal rotating device into Keep its corresponding orthogonal polarisation state constant after the rotation of row polarized orthogonal；And adjustment there are the length of birefringent optical path and/ Or there are the birefringent sizes of birefringent optical device, so that a polarization state in the two orthogonal polarisation states is in beam splitting to conjunction Phase of the phase difference with another polarization state through the two strips optic path through the two strips optic path during beam Potential difference differs the integral multiple of 2 π, in other words, so that through described during each comfortable beam splitting to conjunction beam of the two orthogonal polarisation states The phase difference of two strip optic paths differs the integral multiple of 2 π.Optionally, this can be realized by following either type: i) by institute It states two strip optical paths and is configured to polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path, configure non-birefringent smooth device for the optical device in the polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path Part and/or polarization keep optical device；Ii free space optical path) is configured by one of described two strips optical path, by two strip Optical device in optical path is configured to polarization and keeps optical device.Herein, " polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path " is referred to and is transmitted using polarization maintaining optical fibre The optical path or polarization maintaining optical fibre of light pulse connect the optical path to be formed." non-birefringent optical device " refers to for different polarization state (examples Such as, two orthogonal polarisation states) optical device with identical refractive index.In addition, polarization keeps optical device alternatively referred to as to protect polarizer Part.
In a kind of possible embodiment, in two orthogonal polarisation states of the control first via light pulse one Described in phase difference and another polarization state warp of a polarization state during beam splitting to conjunction beam through the two strips optic path The phase difference of two strip optic paths makes the integral multiple of two 2 π of phase differences difference, comprising:
The two strips optical path is configured to polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path, controls a polarization eigen state of polarization maintaining optical fibre described two The distance transmitted under the polarization eigen state situation and intrinsic being converted to this when being transmitted in the strip optical path in strip optical path The first distance for the distance transmitted under the orthogonal polarisation state situation of polarization state is poor and the polarization eigen state is in two sub-lights The distance transmitted under the polarization eigen state situation and the eigen polarization is being converted to when transmitting in another strip optical path in road The second range difference for the distance transmitted under the orthogonal polarisation state situation of state, so that first distance difference and second range difference differ polarization-maintaining Optical fiber claps long integral multiple so that a polarization state in two orthogonal polarisation states of the first via light pulse beam splitting extremely Phase difference and another polarization state during conjunction beam through the two strips optic path is through the two strips optic path Phase difference differs the integral multiple of 2 π, in other words, so that each comfortable beam splitting of two orthogonal polarisation states of the first via light pulse is extremely closed Phase difference during beam through the two strips optic path differs the integral multiple of 2 π.
In a kind of possible embodiment, in two orthogonal polarisation states of the control first via light pulse one Described in phase difference and another polarization state warp of a polarization state during beam splitting to conjunction beam through the two strips optic path The phase difference of two strip optic paths makes the integral multiple of two 2 π of phase differences difference, comprising:
The two strips optical path includes a polarized orthogonal rotating device, and each polarized orthogonal rotating device is located at institute At the midpoint on sub-light road.
In a kind of possible embodiment, free space optical path can be configured by two strip optical paths, by two strip Optical device in optical path is configured to non-birefringent optical device.
In a kind of possible embodiment, carried out in the two-way sub-light pulse for being obtained to first via light pulse beam splitting At least one sub-light road configuration polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher and/or birefringent phase modulator in two strip optical paths of transmission. Polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher is suitable for adjusting the polarization maintaining optical fibre length of the optical path where it.Birefringent phase modulator is suitable for passing through it Two orthogonal polarisation states apply different adjustable phase-modulations, thus polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher and/or birefringent phase tune Device processed can be provided to adjust a polarization state in two orthogonal polarisation states of the first via light pulse in beam splitting to conjunction beam Phase difference and phase difference of another polarization state through the two strips optic path in the process through the two strips optic path Difference.For example, birefringent phase modulator can be lithium niobate phase modulator, the electricity of lithium columbate crystal is applied to by controlling Pressure, the phase-modulation that be respectively subjected to by two orthogonal polarisation states of the lithium niobate phase modulator can be carried out control and Adjustment.Birefringent phase modulator can be used for influencing and adjusting two orthogonal polarisation states of the first via light pulse respectively as a result, In beam splitting to the difference of the phase difference through two strips optic path during closing beam.
Carrying out direct current phase-modulation to a light pulse can be realized by polarizing unrelated phase-modulator.Polarize unrelated phase Modulator is suitable for carrying out identical phase-modulation to two orthogonal polarisation states of light pulse, so referred to as polarizing unrelated.It lifts For example, polarizing unrelated phase-modulator can be realized by two birefringent phase modulator serial or parallel connections.According to circumstances, may be used To realize direct current phase-modulation by a variety of specific meanss.For example, these means can include: the length of modulation free space optical path It spends the perhaps length of modulation optical fiber or utilizes serial or parallel connection optical waveguide phase-modulator etc..For example, can be by using motor Change the length of free space optical path to realize desired direct current phase-modulation.For another example, the optical fiber using piezoelectric effect can be passed through Stretcher carrys out the length of modulation optical fiber, is achieved in phase-modulation.In addition, phase-modulator can be suitable for it is voltage-controlled its His type, by apply suitable DC voltage to polarize unrelated phase-modulator come two orthogonal polarisation states to light pulse into The identical phase-modulation of row is, it can be achieved that desired direct current phase-modulation.In the case where direct current phase-modulation, apply without converting To the voltage of phase-modulator.
In a preferred embodiment, one of two-way sub-light pulse obtained to first via light pulse beam splitting carries out 0 Spend direct current phase-modulation or 180 degree direct current phase-modulation.
According to a kind of possible embodiment, including: to second tunnel light pulse progress time bit decoding will be described Second tunnel light pulse is directly exported for detecting；Or output after the second tunnel light pulse beam splitting is used to detect.
A kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time based on polarized orthogonal rotation of a preferred embodiment of the invention Bit-phase decoding device is as shown in Fig. 2, include consisting of part: preposition beam splitter 201, beam splitter 202 are (alternatively referred to as " the second beam splitter "), beam splitter 203 (alternatively referred to as " the first beam splitter "), direct current phase-modulator 204, bundling device 205 ( Can be described as " the first bundling device ") and polarized orthogonal rotating device 206 or 207.Beam splitter 203, bundling device 205 and they it Between two strip optical paths totally can be described as direct current phase decoder.The polarized orthogonal rotating device 206 or 207 is configured for Two orthogonal polarisation states of the pulse of sub-light all the way through its transmission are subjected to polarized orthogonal rotation respectively, so that just via the polarization After handing over rotating device, which is transformed into orthogonal to that respectively Polarization state.
Preferably, the polarized orthogonal rotating device 206 or 207 can be 90 degree of Faraday rotators or half-wave plate. 90 degree of Faraday rotators can rotate to the sub-light pulse transmitted along polarization maintaining optical fibre slow axis to be passed along polarization maintaining optical fibre fast axle It is defeated, and/or the sub-light pulse transmitted along polarization maintaining optical fibre fast axle is rotated to and is transmitted along polarization maintaining optical fibre slow axis, to realize sub-light arteries and veins The polarized orthogonal rotation of two orthogonal polarisation states of punching.For the half-wave plate, in one of two orthogonal polarisation states of light pulse Polarization direction be arranged to the angle of the fast axle of half-wave plate or slow axis when being 45 degree, half-wave plate can be by sub-light pulse Each polarization state in two orthogonal polarisation states is transformed into orthogonal to that polarization state respectively, to realize the polarization of sub-light pulse Orthogonal rotation.
Preposition beam splitter 201 is used to the beam splitting of input optical pulse all the way of incident random polarization state be two-way light pulse.
Direct current phase decoder and preposition 201 optical coupling of beam splitter, for receiving the light all the way in above-mentioned two-way light pulse Pulse simultaneously carries out HVDC Modulation phase decoding to it.For convenience, direct current phase decoder it is received this light pulse exists all the way Hereinafter it is also known as first via light pulse.
Beam splitter 202 and preposition 201 optical coupling of beam splitter, for receiving the another way light pulse in above-mentioned two-way light pulse (also known as " the second tunnel light pulse "), and output after the another way light pulse beam splitting is used to carry out time bit decoding.Here, It should be noted that beam splitter 202 is optional.The another way light pulse directly exported by preposition beam splitter 201 be used for into The decoding of row time bit is also possible.
Beam splitter 203 will be for that will be the pulse of two-way sub-light from the first via light pulse beam splitting of preposition beam splitter 201, to divide Beam output is not closed through two strip optic paths and by bundling device 205 after by this two strips optical path making relative time delay.Direct current phase tune Device 204 processed is used to carry out the sub-light pulse transmitted through one of the two strip optical paths where it according to quantum key distribution agreement straight Flow phase-modulation.Specifically, two strip optical paths are used to transmit this two-way sub-light pulse respectively, and for realizing this two-way sub-light arteries and veins The relative time delay of punching.The optical path on any sub-light road in two strip optical paths between adjusting beam splitter 203 and bundling device 205 can be passed through Physical length realizes the relative time delay of two-way sub-light pulse.Bundling device 205 for will through two strip optic paths come this two Beam output is closed in way light pulse.
Preferably, the two strips optical path is configured as polarization maintaining optical fibre, the two strips optical path and optical device quilt thereon It is further configured to, controls a polarization eigen state of the polarization maintaining optical fibre in the strip optical path in the two strips optical path The distance transmitted under the polarization eigen state situation when transmission and in the case where being converted to the orthogonal polarisation state situation of the polarization eigen state It is transmitted in another strip optical path that the first distance of the distance of transmission is poor and the polarization eigen state is in the two strips optical path When the distance transmitted under the polarization eigen state situation and transmitted under the orthogonal polarisation state situation for being converted to the polarization eigen state Distance second range difference so that first distance difference and second range difference difference beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber integral multiple, to make A polarization state in two orthogonal polarisation states of first via input optical pulse is obtained during beam splitting to conjunction beam through described two The phase difference of strip optic path is with another polarization state through the two strips optic path during beam splitting to conjunction beam Phase difference differs the integral multiple of 2 π.
Preferably, direct current phase-modulator 204 be used for by its sub-light pulse carry out 0 degree of direct current phase-modulation or 180 degree direct current phase-modulation.
According to the present invention, in direct current phase decoder, two strip optical paths and optical device thereon are configured to, and control should A polarization state in two orthogonal polarisation states of first via light pulse is during beam splitting to conjunction beam through two sub-lights The phase difference of road transmission makes two phase differences differ 2 π with another polarization state through the phase difference of the two strips optic path Integral multiple, in other words, so that each comfortable beam splitting of two orthogonal polarisation states of first via light pulse is to closing during beam through two The phase difference of strip optic path differs the integral multiple of 2 π.
In this regard, an optical path depends on for two orthogonal polarisation states there may be birefringent or there is no birefringent In the type of the optical path.For example, free space optical path for input optical pulse all the way two orthogonal polarisation states there is no two-fold Penetrate, and polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path for input optical pulse all the way two orthogonal polarisation states usually exist differ greatly each other it is two-fold It penetrates.In addition, an optical device in optical path for two orthogonal polarisation states there may be birefringent or there is no birefringent, depend on In the type of the optical device.For example, a non-birefringent optical device for input optical pulse all the way two orthogonal polarisation states not There are birefringent, and a polarization keeps optical device usually to there are each other two orthogonal polarisation states of input optical pulse all the way What is differed greatly is birefringent.
For direct current phase decoder, can optionally there be following setting:
Two strip optical paths between beam splitter and bundling device in direct current phase decoder are free space optical path, this two Optical device in strip optical path, including direct current phase-modulator --- it is non-birefringent optical device and/or polarization if any Keep optical device.For the setting, in the case where there is polarization to keep optical device, polarization keeps optical device itself to cause to be input to Through two during each comfortable beam splitting to conjunction beam of two orthogonal polarisation states of the first via light pulse of the direct current phase decoder The phase difference of sub- optic path differs the integral multiple of 2 π.
Two strip optical paths between beam splitter and bundling device in direct current phase decoder are polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path, In, at least one sub-light road in the two strips optical path comprising at least one polarized orthogonal rotating device (for example, 90 degree of Faraday rotators or half-wave plate), the polarized orthogonal rotating device is configured for the way that will be transmitted through it Two orthogonal polarisation states of light pulse carry out polarized orthogonal rotation respectively, so that this one after via the polarized orthogonal rotating device Each polarization state in two orthogonal polarisation states of way light pulse is transformed into orthogonal to that polarization state respectively.In addition, this two Optical device in strip optical path, including direct current phase-modulator --- if any, optical device and/or non-pair are kept for polarization Reflect optical device.
Direct current phase decoder further includes fiber stretcher and/or birefringent phase modulator.Fiber stretcher can position Any sub-light road in the two strip optical paths between the beam splitter and bundling device of phase decoder, can be used for adjusting its place Sub-light road polarization maintaining optical fibre length.By adjusting polarization maintaining optical fibre length by means of fiber stretcher, it may be advantageous to be easily achieved During each comfortable beam splitting to conjunction beam of two orthogonal polarisation states for being input to the first via light pulse of the direct current phase decoder Phase difference through two strip optic paths differs the integral multiple of 2 π.In addition, fiber stretcher also is used as direct current phase-modulator It uses.Birefringent phase modulator can be located at any sub-light road in the two strips optical path, can be used for the son by it Two orthogonal polarisation states of light pulse apply different phase-modulations.By controlling the birefringent phase modulator, by its The difference for the phase-modulation that two orthogonal polarisation states of sub-light pulse are respectively subjected to is adjustable.In this way, by utilizing birefringent phase Position modulator, it is convenient to influence and adjust two orthogonal polarisation states for being input to the first via light pulse of direct current phase decoder The difference of phase difference through the two strips optic path during each leisure beam splitting to conjunction beam, it is easy to accomplish the difference is 2 π's Integral multiple.The birefringent phase modulator can be previously described lithium niobate phase modulator.
Direct current phase decoder uses the structure of unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer, the optical path of interferometer two-arm (that is, two strip optical paths between the beam splitter and bundling device of phase decoder) use polarization maintaining optical fibre, it is assumed that the two-arm of interferometer Separately include a polarized orthogonal rotating device 206 and a polarized orthogonal rotating device 207.Assuming that beam splitter is into an arm The distance of polarized orthogonal rotating device 206 is L1, the distance of polarized orthogonal rotating device 206 to bundling device in an arm is L2, the distance of polarized orthogonal rotating device 207 of the beam splitter into another arm is L3, the polarized orthogonal rotating dress in another arm It is L4 that 207, which are set, to the distance of bundling device, and length relation preferably meets (L1-L2)-(L3-L4)=n β, and wherein n is positive Integer, negative integer or zero, β are beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber.In this case, other optical devices in two strip optical paths cause to be input to Through two during each comfortable beam splitting to conjunction beam of two orthogonal polarisation states of the first via light pulse of the direct current phase decoder The phase difference of sub- optic path differs the integral multiple of 2 π.In a preferred embodiment, two polarized orthogonal rotating devices can To be located at the midpoint of two-arm, it that is to say that L1=L2 and L3=L4, length relation meet (L1-L2)-(L3-L4)=0.
Direct current phase decoder uses the structure of unequal arm Michelson's interferometer.At this point, direct current phase decoder Bundling device and beam splitter are same device.In the case, direct current phase decoder further includes two reflecting mirrors, the two reflections Mirror is located in the two strip optical paths for being used for transmission the two-way sub-light pulse that the beam splitter beam splitting of direct current phase decoder obtains, Being respectively used to will be anti-from the two-way sub-light pulse of the beam splitter of direct current phase decoder come through the two strips optic path It is emitted back towards to close beam output with beam splitter by direct current phase decoder for the bundling device of same device.In addition, in a reality It applies in scheme, direct current phase decoder further includes optical circulator.The optical circulator can be located at the beam splitter of direct current phase decoder Front end.Corresponding light pulse all the way from preposition beam splitter 201 can be input to the first port of optical circulator and from optical circulator Second port export the bundling device to the beam splitter of direct current phase decoder, from direct current phase decoder (with phase decoding The beam splitter of device is same device) conjunctions beam export the second port that can be input to optical circulator and third end from optical circulator Mouth output.Advantageous, one of output port of first beam splitter of the direct current phase decoder is same with input port Single port.Preferably, the optical path for the interferometer two-arm that first beam splitter is constituted with described two reflecting mirrors is (that is, phase Two strip optical paths between the beam splitter and two reflecting mirrors of position decoder) polarization maintaining optical fibre is used, the two-arm of interferometer can be distinguished Include a polarized orthogonal rotating device, it is assumed that the distance of polarized orthogonal rotating device of the beam splitter into an arm be L1, this one The distance of a reflecting mirror of the polarized orthogonal rotating device into two reflecting mirrors in arm is L2, and beam splitter is into another arm The distance of polarized orthogonal rotating device is L3, another into two reflecting mirrors of the polarized orthogonal rotating device in another arm The distance of reflecting mirror is L4, it is contemplated that sub-light pulse along two-arm round-trip transmission, in transmission process by polarization maintaining optical fibre slow axis or The distance of fast axle transmission is 2 times of corresponding polarization maintaining optical fibre length, and length relation meets 2 (L1-L2) -2 (L3-L4)=n β, Wherein n is positive integer, negative integer or zero, and β is beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber.In this case, other optical devices in two strip optical paths Cause each comfortable beam splitting of two orthogonal polarisation states of the first via light pulse for being input to the direct current phase decoder to the mistake for closing beam Phase difference in journey through two strip optic paths differs the integral multiple of 2 π.In a preferred embodiment, two polarized orthogonals Rotating device can be located at the midpoint of two-arm, that is to say that L1=L2 and L3=L4, length relation meet 2 (L1-L2) -2 (L3-L4)=0.
" beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber " is concept well known in the art, refers to two polarization eigen states of polarization maintaining optical fibre along polarization maintaining optical fibre Transmission generates polarization maintaining optical fibre length corresponding to the phase difference of 2 π.
For the embodiment of Fig. 2, beam splitter 203 and bundling device 205 preferably polarize and keep optical device.That is, beam splitter 203 preferably polarization-maintaining beam splitter, bundling devices 205 are preferably polarization-maintaining bundling device.Optical device is kept about polarization, just there are two The polarization eigen state of friendship keeps polarization state constant the light pulse of incident polarization eigen state, as known in the art 's.
Fig. 3 shows a kind of HVDC Modulation quantum based on polarized orthogonal rotation of another preferred embodiment according to the present invention Key distributes time bit-phase decoding device.As shown in figure 3, direct current phase decoder therein used unequal arm Mach-once The structure of Dare interferometer.Specifically, the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding device includes with the following group At part: preposition beam splitter 303, beam splitter 304, polarization-maintaining beam splitter 307, polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 309, direct current phase-modulator 311, polarization-maintaining bundling device 312, polarized orthogonal rotating device 308 and polarized orthogonal rotating device 310.
One of two ports 301 and 302 of preposition 303 side of beam splitter are used as quantum key distribution time bit-phase The input terminal of decoding apparatus.Beam splitter 304 is received by the input optical pulse all the way after preposition 303 beam splitting of beam splitter and by its point Beam is the pulse of two-way sub-light.Polarization-maintaining beam splitter 307 and polarization-maintaining bundling device 312 constitute the group of unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer At part, two strip optical paths between polarization-maintaining beam splitter 307 and polarization-maintaining bundling device 312 are (that is, unequal arm Mach Zehnder interference The two-arm of instrument) it can be polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path, polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 309 and direct current phase-modulator 311 can be inserted into unequal arm The same arm of Mach-Zeng Deer interferometer or two arms for being inserted into unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer respectively.Unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer two-arm includes at least one polarized orthogonal rotating device, such as can separately include a polarized orthogonal Rotating device 308 and a polarized orthogonal rotating device 310.The light pulse of polarization-maintaining beam splitter 307 is input to through unequal arm Mach- It is exported after the decoding of Zeng Deer interferometer by port 313 or 314.
When work, port 301 or 302 of the incident light pulse through preposition beam splitter 303 is beamed into preposition beam splitter 303 Two-way light pulse (first via light pulse and the second tunnel light pulse) transmission, wherein first via light pulse inputs polarization-maintaining beam splitter 307 Beam splitting is the pulse of two-way sub-light, the pulse of sub-light all the way in the two-way sub-light pulse through the transmission of polarized orthogonal rotating device 308 and (wherein the setting sequence of polarized orthogonal rotating device 308 and polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 309 can for the modulation of polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 309 Transformation, or referred to as " sequence is unrelated "), the pulse of another way sub-light is transmitted through polarized orthogonal rotating device 310 and through direct current phase 0 degree of position modulator 311 HVDC Modulation or 180 degree phase (sequentially unrelated) close beam through polarization-maintaining after two-way sub-light pulse relative time delay Device 312 is exported after closing beam by port 313 or 314.The the second tunnel light pulse exported from preposition beam splitter 303 inputs beam splitter 304 Beam splitting is that the pulse of two-way sub-light is exported through port 305 or 306 for carrying out time bit decoding.
Preferably, it is assumed that length is L1 between polarization-maintaining beam splitter 307 and polarized orthogonal rotating device 308, polarized orthogonal revolves Length is long between L2, polarization-maintaining beam splitter 307 and polarized orthogonal rotating device 310 between rotary device 308 and polarization-maintaining bundling device 312 Degree be L3, length is L4 between polarized orthogonal rotating device 310 and polarization-maintaining bundling device 312, modulation polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 309, So that length relation meets:
(L1-L3)-(L2-L4)=n β, in other words
(L1-L2)-(L3-L4)=n β,
Wherein β is beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber, n is integer；So that two each leisures of orthogonal polarisation state of first via light pulse The integral multiple that the difference of the phase difference of unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer two-arm transmission is 2 π.
Direct current phase-modulator 311 is to polarize unrelated optical device.If not connecing direct current phase-modulator 311, and pass through polarization-maintaining Fiber stretcher 309 realizes that the direct current phase-modulation function of direct current phase-modulator 311, the above results are unaffected.
Fig. 4 shows a kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key based on polarized orthogonal rotation of another preferred embodiment of the present invention Distribute time bit-phase decoding device, as shown in figure 4, direct current phase decoder therein uses unequal arm Mach-Zehnder The structure of interferometer.The HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding device includes consisting of part: preceding Set beam splitter 403, polarization-maintaining beam splitter 405, polarized orthogonal rotating device 406 and 408, polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 407, direct current phase Modulator 409 and polarization-maintaining bundling device 410.
One of two ports 401 and 402 of side of preposition beam splitter 403 are as time bit-phase decoding device Input terminal, for receiving incident light pulse.Polarization-maintaining beam splitter 405 and polarization-maintaining bundling device 410 form unequal arm Mach-Zehnder That interferometer.Polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 407 and direct current phase-modulator 409 can be inserted into unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer Same arm or two arms for being inserted into unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer respectively.Unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer two-arm In an at least arm include at least one polarized orthogonal rotating device, such as two-arm can separately include a polarized orthogonal rotating device 406 and a polarized orthogonal rotating device 408, the light pulse for being input to polarization-maintaining beam splitter 405 is dry through unequal arm Mach-Zehnder It is exported after interferometer decoding by port 411 or 412.
When work, port 401 or 402 of the light pulse through preposition beam splitter 403 is beamed into two into preposition beam splitter 403 Road optical pulse propagation, light pulse is directly exported by port 404 all the way；Another way light pulse inputs 405 beam splitting of polarization-maintaining beam splitter Two-way sub-light pulse, wherein sub-light pulse is modulated through the transmission of polarized orthogonal rotating device 406 and polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 407 all the way (sequence is unrelated), the pulse of another way sub-light are transmitted through polarized orthogonal rotating device 408 and are modulated through direct current phase-modulator 409 (sequence unrelated) is exported after polarization-maintaining bundling device 410 closes beam by port 411 or 412 after two-way sub-light pulse relative time delay.
Preferably, it is assumed that length is L1 ' between polarization-maintaining beam splitter 405 and polarized orthogonal rotating device 406, polarized orthogonal revolves Length is between L2 ', polarization-maintaining beam splitter 405 and polarized orthogonal rotating device 408 between rotary device 406 and polarization-maintaining bundling device 410 Length is L3 ', length is L4 ' between polarized orthogonal rotating device 408 and polarization-maintaining bundling device 410, modulates polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 407, so that length relation meets:
(L1 '-L3 ')-(L2 '-L4 ')=n β, in other words
(L1 '-L2 ')-(L3 '-L4 ')=n β,
Wherein β is beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber, n is integer；So that each leisure of two orthogonal polarisation states of input optical pulse is not The integral multiple that the difference of the phase difference of equiarm Mach-Zender interferometer two-arm transmission is 2 π.
Direct current phase-modulator 409 is to polarize unrelated optical device.If not connecing direct current phase-modulator 409, and pass through polarization-maintaining Fiber stretcher 407 realizes that the direct current phase-modulation function of direct current phase-modulator 409, the above results are unaffected.
Fig. 5 shows a kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key based on polarized orthogonal rotation of another preferred embodiment of the present invention Distribute time bit-phase decoding device, as shown in figure 5, direct current phase decoder therein is dry using unequal arm Michelson The structure of interferometer.Specifically, the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding device includes consisting of portion Point: preposition beam splitter 503, beam splitter 504, optical circulator 507, polarization-maintaining beam splitter 508,509 and of polarized orthogonal rotating device 512, polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 510, direct current phase-modulator 513, reflecting mirror 511 and 514.
One of two ports 501 and 502 of side of preposition beam splitter 503 are as time bit-phase decoding device Input terminal, beam splitter 504 receive through the input optical pulse all the way after preposition 503 beam splitting of beam splitter and are two ways by its beam splitting Light pulse.Optical circulator 507 is inputted by port A and is exported by port B, is inputted by port B and is exported by port C, polarization-maintaining beam splitter 508 Unequal arm Michelson's interferometer is formed with reflecting mirror 511,514.Polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 510 and direct current phase-modulator 513 It can be inserted into the same arm of unequal arm Michelson's interferometer or be inserted into two arms of unequal arm Michelson's interferometer respectively.No An at least arm includes at least one polarized orthogonal rotating device in the two-arm of equiarm Michelson's interferometer, for example, two-arm can divide It Bao Han not a polarized orthogonal rotating device 509 and a polarized orthogonal rotating device 512.Input optical pulse is stepped through unequal arm Port C is transmitted to through 507 port B of optical circulator after the decoding of Ke Erxun interferometer to be exported by port 515 or by polarization-maintaining beam splitter 508 Port 516 exports.
When work, port 501 or 502 of the light pulse through preposition beam splitter 503 is beamed into two into preposition beam splitter 503 Road optical pulse propagation, light pulse input 504 beam splitting of beam splitter is that the pulse of two-way sub-light is exported by port 505 or port 506 all the way； It is two-way sub-light arteries and veins that another way light pulse, which inputs 507 port A of optical circulator and exports through port B to 508 beam splitting of polarization-maintaining beam splitter, Punching, all the way sub-light pulse after the transmission of polarized orthogonal rotating device 509 and the modulation of polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 510 (sequence unrelated) by Reflecting mirror 511 reflects, and the pulse of another way sub-light is transmitted through polarized orthogonal rotating device 512 and through direct current phase-modulator It is reflected after 513 modulation (sequence is unrelated) by reflecting mirror 514, the two-way sub-light pulse of reflected relative time delay is through protecting Inclined beam splitter 508 is exported by port 516 after closing beam or is transmitted to port 515 by port C after 507 port B of optical circulator input Output.
Preferably, it is assumed that length is L1 " between polarization-maintaining beam splitter 508 and polarized orthogonal rotating device 509, polarized orthogonal revolves Length is length between L2 ", polarization-maintaining beam splitter 508 and polarized orthogonal rotating device 512 between rotary device 509 and reflecting mirror 511 Length is L4 " between L3 ", polarized orthogonal rotating device 512 and reflecting mirror 514, modulates polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 510, so that Length relation meets:
2 (L1 "-L3 ") -2 (L2 "-L4 ")=n β, or
2 (L1 "-L2 ") -2 (L3 "-L4 ")=n β,
Wherein β is beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber, n is positive integer；So that two each leisures of orthogonal polarisation state of input optical pulse The integral multiple that the difference of the phase difference of Michelson's interferometer two-arm transmission is 2 π.
Direct current phase-modulator 513 is to polarize unrelated optical device.If not connecing direct current phase-modulator 513, and pass through polarization-maintaining Fiber stretcher 510 realizes that the phase-modulation function of direct current phase-modulator 513, the above results are unaffected.
Fig. 6 shows a kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key based on polarized orthogonal rotation of another preferred embodiment of the present invention Distribute time bit-phase decoding device.As shown in fig. 6, direct current phase decoder therein is dry using unequal arm Michelson The structure of interferometer.The HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding device includes consisting of part: preposition point Beam device 603, optical circulator 605, polarization-maintaining beam splitter 606, polarized orthogonal rotating device 607 and 610, polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 608, Direct current phase-modulator 611, reflecting mirror 609 and 612.
One of two ports 601 and 602 of side of preposition beam splitter 603 are as the input of time bit-decoding apparatus End, optical circulator 605 are inputted by port A and are exported by port B, are inputted by port B and are exported by port C, polarization-maintaining beam splitter 606 and anti- It penetrates mirror 609,612 and forms unequal arm Michelson's interferometer.Polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 608 and direct current phase-modulator 611 can be inserted Enter the same arm of unequal arm Michelson's interferometer or is inserted into two arms of unequal arm Michelson's interferometer respectively.Unequal arm An at least arm includes at least one polarized orthogonal rotating device in the two-arm of Michelson's interferometer, for example, two-arm can wrap respectively Containing a polarized orthogonal rotating device 607 and a polarized orthogonal rotating device 610.Input optical pulse is through unequal arm Michelson Port C is transmitted to through 605 port B of optical circulator after interferometer decoding to be exported by port 613 or by 606 port of polarization-maintaining beam splitter 614 outputs.
When work, port 601 or 602 of the light pulse through preposition beam splitter 603 is beamed into two into preposition beam splitter 603 Road optical pulse propagation, light pulse is directly exported by port 604 and is decoded for time bit all the way；Another way light pulse inputs the ring of light It is the pulse of two-way sub-light that 605 port A of shape device, which is exported through port B to 606 beam splitting of polarization-maintaining beam splitter, wherein sub-light pulse is through inclined all the way It shakes after the orthogonal transmission of rotating device 607 modulates (sequence is unrelated) with polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 608 and is reflected by reflecting mirror 609, The pulse of another way sub-light is transmitted through polarized orthogonal rotating device 610 and after the modulation of direct current phase-modulator 611 (sequence is unrelated) Reflected by reflecting mirror 612, the two-way sub-light pulse of reflected relative time delay after polarization-maintaining beam splitter 606 closes beam by Port 614 exports or is transmitted to port 613 by port C after 605 port B of optical circulator input and exports.
Preferably, it is assumed that length is L1 " ', polarized orthogonal between polarization-maintaining beam splitter 606 and polarized orthogonal rotating device 607 Length is long between L2 " ', polarization-maintaining beam splitter 606 and polarized orthogonal rotating device 610 between rotating device 607 and reflecting mirror 609 Degree be L3 " ', length is L4 " ' between polarized orthogonal rotating device 610 and reflecting mirror 612, modulation polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher 608, So that length relation meets:
2 (L1 " '-L3 " ') -2 (L2 " '-L4 " ')=n β, in other words
2 (L1 " '-L2 " ') -2 (L3 " '-L4 " ')=n β,
Wherein β is beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber, n is integer；So that two each leisures of orthogonal polarisation state of input optical pulse The integral multiple that the difference of the phase difference of Michelson's interferometer two-arm transmission is 2 π.
Direct current phase-modulator 611 is to polarize unrelated optical device.If not connecing direct current phase-modulator 611, and pass through polarization-maintaining Fiber stretcher 608 realizes that the phase-modulation function of direct current phase-modulator 611, the above results are unaffected.
In the embodiment of Fig. 3-Fig. 6, polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher is another other than it can be used for direct current phase-modulation A purposes can be used to the difference of adjustment polarization maintaining optical fibre length, the polarization maintaining optical fibre length for realizing interferometer two-arm (two strip optical paths) Meet the above-mentioned relationship with beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber, is achieved in two orthogonal polarisation states of the light pulse of input interferometer respectively In beam splitting to the integral multiple for differing 2 π during closing beam through the phase difference of two strip optic paths.
Herein, term " beam splitter " and " bundling device " are used interchangeably, and beam splitter is also referred to as and as bundling device, instead ?.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a kind of quantum key distribution system, it can be in the reception of quantum key distribution system End configuration HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding device of the invention based on polarized orthogonal rotation, is used In time bit-phase decoding.It is configured alternatively, it is also possible to the transmitting terminal in quantum key distribution system of the invention based on polarization HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding device of orthogonal rotation is used for time bit-phase code.
The present invention in interferometer two-arm by using polarized orthogonal rotating device, light arteries and veins in easily controllable phase base decoding The difference of the phase difference transmitted in the two-arm of each comfortable unequal arm interferometer of two orthogonal polarisation states of punching.In addition the present invention can be real Two orthogonal polarisation states of light pulse effectively interfere output in output port simultaneously in existing phase base decoding, are equivalent to two just It hands over polarization state to carry out polarization diversity processing, can effectively solve interference decoding instability problem caused by polarization induction decline, realize The immune stable phase angle decoding of environmental disturbances, without use polarization beam apparatus and two interferometers to two polarization states respectively into Row decoding, in addition also eliminates the needs to correction.In addition, being avoided by using direct current phase-modulation in the decoding of phase base High-speed phase modulation requires.
By the explanation of specific embodiment, the present invention can should be reached technological means that predetermined purpose is taken and Effect, which has, more deeply and specifically to be understood, however appended diagram is only to provide reference and description and is used, and is not used to this hair It is bright to limit.
Although being described in detail by example embodiment, preceding description be all in all respects it is illustrative rather than It is restrictive.It should be appreciated that can be designed that range of a number of other remodeling with variant without departing from example embodiment, these Both fall within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (17)

1. a kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding method based on polarized orthogonal rotation, feature It is, which comprises
It is first via light pulse and the second tunnel light pulse by the beam splitting of input optical pulse all the way of incident random polarization state；And
According to quantum key distribution agreement, HVDC Modulation phase decoding is carried out to the first via light pulse and to second tunnel Light pulse carries out the decoding of time bit,
Wherein, carrying out HVDC Modulation phase decoding to the first via light pulse includes:
It is the pulse of two-way sub-light by the first via light pulse beam splitting；And
The two-way sub-light pulse is transmitted in two strip optical paths respectively, and is closed after relative time delay is made in the two-way sub-light pulse Beam output,
It wherein, include at least one polarized orthogonal rotating dress at least one sub-light road in the two strips optical path It sets, the polarized orthogonal rotating device is configured for distinguish through two orthogonal polarisation states of the pulse of sub-light all the way of its transmission Polarized orthogonal rotation is carried out, so that after via the polarized orthogonal rotating device, two orthogonal polarisation states of the sub-light pulse all the way In each polarization state be transformed into orthogonal to that polarization state respectively, and
A polarization state in two orthogonal polarisation states of the first via light pulse is wherein controlled in beam splitting to the process for closing beam The middle phase difference through the two strips optic path makes with another polarization state through the phase difference of the two strips optic path Two phase differences differ the integral multiple of 2 π, and
Wherein, beam splitting to close beam during, in the two-way sub-light pulse transmitted in the two strips optical path extremely It is one of few to carry out direct current phase-modulation according to quantum key distribution agreement.
2. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase according to claim 1 based on polarized orthogonal rotation Coding/decoding method, which is characterized in that the two strips optical path includes depositing for two orthogonal polarisation states of the first via light pulse There are two orthogonal polarisation states for the first via light pulse in birefringent optical path and/or the two strips optical path There are birefringent optical devices, wherein a polarization state in two orthogonal polarisation states of the control first via light pulse Phase difference and another polarization state during beam splitting to conjunction beam through the two strips optic path is through two sub-lights The phase difference of road transmission makes the integral multiple of two 2 π of phase differences difference, comprising:
Keep each of the two orthogonal polarisation states polarization state during beam splitting to conjunction beam through two strip respectively It keeps polarization state constant when optic path and/or keeps its right after the polarized orthogonal rotating device carries out polarized orthogonal rotation The orthogonal polarisation state answered is constant；And
Adjustment is there are the length of birefringent optical path and/or there are the birefringent sizes of birefringent optical device, so that the two A polarization state in orthogonal polarisation state is in beam splitting to phase difference during closing beam through the two strips optic path and another One polarization state differs the integral multiple of 2 π through the phase difference of the two strips optic path.
3. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase according to claim 1 or 2 based on polarized orthogonal rotation Position coding/decoding method, which is characterized in that
The two strips optical path is configured to polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path, two orthogonal polarisation states of the control first via light pulse In a polarization state in beam splitting to phase difference through two strips optic path during closing beam and another polarization state Phase difference through the two strips optic path makes the integral multiple of two 2 π of phase differences difference, comprising:
It controls when a polarization eigen state of polarization maintaining optical fibre transmits in the strip optical path in the two strips optical path at this Levy the distance transmitted and the distance transmitted under the orthogonal polarisation state situation for being converted to the polarization eigen state under polarization state situation It is intrinsic partially at this when being transmitted in another strip optical path that first distance is poor and the polarization eigen state is in the two strips optical path The second of the distance transmitted under polarization state situation and the distance transmitted under the orthogonal polarisation state situation for being converted to the polarization eigen state Range difference, so that the integral multiple of first distance difference and second range difference difference beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber.
4. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase according to claim 1 or 3 based on polarized orthogonal rotation Position coding/decoding method, which is characterized in that one wherein in two orthogonal polarisation states of the control first via light pulse is inclined Phase difference and another polarization state of the polarization state during beam splitting to conjunction beam through the two strips optic path are through described two The phase difference of sub- optic path makes the integral multiple of two 2 π of phase differences difference, comprising:
The two strips optical path includes a polarized orthogonal rotating device, and each polarized orthogonal rotating device is located at place The midpoint of optical path.
5. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase according to claim 1 based on polarized orthogonal rotation Coding/decoding method, which is characterized in that the polarized orthogonal rotating device is 90 degree of Faraday rotators or half-wave plate.
6. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase according to claim 1 based on polarized orthogonal rotation Coding/decoding method, which is characterized in that on at least one sub-light road in the two strips optical path configure polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher and/ Or birefringent phase modulator, wherein adjusting institute by the polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher and/or the birefringent phase modulator A polarization state in two orthogonal polarisation states of first via light pulse is stated during beam splitting to conjunction beam through two strip The difference of the phase difference of the phase difference of optic path and another polarization state through the two strips optic path.
7. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase according to claim 1 based on polarized orthogonal rotation Coding/decoding method, which is characterized in that carrying out the decoding of time bit to second tunnel light pulse includes:
Second tunnel light pulse is directly exported and is used to detect；Or
Output after the second tunnel light pulse beam splitting is used to detect.
8. a kind of HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase decoding device based on polarized orthogonal rotation, feature It is, the time bit-phase decoding device includes:
Preposition beam splitter is configured for the beam splitting of input optical pulse all the way of incident random polarization state being first via light pulse With the second tunnel light pulse；And
With the direct current phase decoder of the preposition beam splitter optical coupling, it is configured for carrying out the first via light pulse straight Phase decoding is flowed,
The direct current phase decoder include the first beam splitter, the first bundling device and merges with the first beam splitter optocoupler and Two strip optical paths of the first bundling device optical coupling, wherein
First beam splitter is configured for the first via light pulse beam splitting being the pulse of two-way sub-light；
The two strips optical path is used to transmit the two-way sub-light pulse respectively, and for realizing the phase of the two-way sub-light pulse To delay；
First bundling device is configured for closing the two-way sub-light pulse after relative time delay into beam output,
It wherein, include at least one polarized orthogonal rotating dress at least one sub-light road in the two strips optical path It sets, the polarized orthogonal rotating device is configured for distinguish through two orthogonal polarisation states of the pulse of sub-light all the way of its transmission Polarized orthogonal rotation is carried out, so that after via the polarized orthogonal rotating device, two orthogonal polarisation states of the sub-light pulse all the way In each polarization state be transformed into orthogonal to that polarization state respectively, and
Wherein in the direct current phase decoder, the two strips optical path and optical device thereon are configured to, control this A polarization state in two orthogonal polarisation states of light pulse is during beam splitting to conjunction beam through the two strips optical path all the way The phase difference of transmission makes two phase differences differ 2 π's with another polarization state through the phase difference of the two strips optic path Integral multiple,
Wherein the direct current phase decoder has the direct current phase-modulator being located at least one of described two strips optical path, The direct current phase-modulator is configured for assisting the light pulse through the sub- optic path where it according to quantum key distribution View carries out direct current phase-modulation,
Wherein light pulse output in second tunnel is used to carry out time bit decoding by the preposition beam splitter.
9. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase according to claim 8 based on polarized orthogonal rotation Decoding apparatus, which is characterized in that the two strips optical path is configured to polarization maintaining optical fibre optical path, the two strips optical path and light thereon Device is further constructed to, and controls a strip optical path of the polarization eigen state of polarization maintaining optical fibre in the two strips optical path The distance transmitted under the polarization eigen state situation when upper transmission and in the orthogonal polarisation state situation for being converted to the polarization eigen state Another strip optical path that the first distance of the distance of lower transmission is poor and the polarization eigen state is in the two strips optical path uploads It the distance transmitted under the polarization eigen state situation when defeated and is passed under the orthogonal polarisation state situation for being converted to the polarization eigen state The second range difference of defeated distance, so that the integral multiple of first distance difference and second range difference difference beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber.
10. the HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-based on polarized orthogonal rotation according to claim 8 or claim 9 Phase decoding device, which is characterized in that
The two strips optical path includes a polarized orthogonal rotating device, and each polarized orthogonal rotating device is located at place The midpoint of optical path.
11. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase according to claim 8 based on polarized orthogonal rotation Decoding apparatus, which is characterized in that the polarized orthogonal rotating device is 90 degree of Faraday rotators or half-wave plate.
12. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase according to claim 8 based on polarized orthogonal rotation Decoding apparatus, which is characterized in that the direct current phase decoder further include:
The polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher of any sub-light road in the two strips optical path, the polarization maintaining optical fibre stretcher are matched Set the polarization maintaining optical fibre length for adjusting the optical path where it；And/or
The birefringent phase modulator of any sub-light road in the two strips optical path, the birefringent phase modulator It is configured for applying different adjustable phase-modulations to two orthogonal polarisation states of the light pulse by it.
13. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase according to claim 8 based on polarized orthogonal rotation Decoding apparatus, which is characterized in that the direct current phase-modulator is to polarize unrelated phase-modulator；The direct current phase-modulator It is configured for carrying out 0 degree of direct current phase-modulation or 180 degree direct current phase-modulation to by its light pulse.
14. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase according to claim 8 based on polarized orthogonal rotation Decoding apparatus, which is characterized in that
The direct current phase decoder uses the light channel structure of unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer；Alternatively,
The direct current phase decoder use unequal arm Michelson's interferometer light channel structure, wherein first bundling device with First beam splitter is same device, the direct current phase decoder further include:
Two reflecting mirrors, described two reflecting mirrors are located in the two strips optical path, and are respectively configured in the future First beam splitting is returned from the two-way sub-light pulse-echo of first beam splitter come through the two strips optic path Device；With,
Optical circulator, the optical circulator are located at first beam splitter front end, and the first via light pulse is input to the light The first port of circulator is simultaneously exported from the second port of the optical circulator to first beam splitter, comes from described first point The conjunction beam output of beam device is input to the second port of the optical circulator and exports from the third port of the optical circulator,
Wherein one of output port of first beam splitter of the direct current phase decoder and input port are same port.
15. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase according to claim 8 based on polarized orthogonal rotation Decoding apparatus, which is characterized in that first beam splitter and first bundling device and first beam splitter and described Optical device between one bundling device in optical path is that polarization keeps optical device or non-birefringent optical device.
16. HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase according to claim 8 based on polarized orthogonal rotation Decoding apparatus, which is characterized in that the time bit-phase decoding device further includes the second beam splitter, second beam splitter It is optically coupled to the preposition beam splitter, and is configured for receiving second tunnel light pulse and by second tunnel light pulse Output is for carrying out time bit decoding after beam splitting.
17. a kind of quantum key distribution system characterized by comprising
The HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time based on polarized orthogonal rotation according to any one of claim 8~16 The receiving end of the quantum key distribution system is arranged in for time bit-phase decoding in bit-phase decoding device； And/or
The HVDC Modulation quantum key distribution time based on polarized orthogonal rotation according to any one of claim 8~16 The transmitting terminal of the quantum key distribution system is arranged in for time bit-phase code in bit-phase decoding device.
CN201811267170.0A 2018-10-29 2018-10-29 Method, device and system for decoding polarization quadrature rotation direct current modulation quantum key distribution time bit-phase Active CN109120401B (en)

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