CN109113705A - A kind of coal mine underground coal bed hydraulic fracturing zone of influence Permeability Distribution determines method - Google Patents
A kind of coal mine underground coal bed hydraulic fracturing zone of influence Permeability Distribution determines method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004047 hole gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003667 anti-reflective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004826 seaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
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- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of coal mine underground coal bed hydraulic fracturing zone of influence Permeability Distributions to determine method, comprising the following steps: (1) hydraulic fracturing drilling of constructing carries out hydraulic fracturing to coal seam, monitors hydraulic fracturing drilling gas flowq 1, estimate the coverage of hydraulic fracturing；(2) construction Flow Observation hole monitors the gas flow in Flow Observation holeq 2,q 3,q n ；(3) instrument connection sampling determination coal seam original permeability is beaten except the hydraulic fracturing zone of influencek 0, monitoring and test hole gas flowq 0；(4) coal seam hydraulic fracture zone of influence permeability is determinedk 1,k 2,k 3,k n And its regularity of distribution.Side of the present invention extrapolates coal seam permeability and its distribution after hydraulic fracturing by the size and drilling arrangement form for measuring hydraulic fracturing influence area drilling gas flow, the accurate determination that coal seam permeability is distributed after hydraulic fracturing is realized, for accurately evaluating fracturing effect and reasonably formulation gas drainage scheme has great importance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal mine underground coal bed hydraulic fracturing zone of influence Permeability Distributions to determine method, especially suitable for
Coal mine underground coal bed hydraulic fracturing anti-reflection engineering field.
Background technique
Technology that coal seam hydraulic fracture is anti-reflection is the special coal seam of the widely used one kind of the numerous highly gassy mines in current China
Strengthen anti-reflection measure.The size of coal seam permeability and its distribution are that the anti-reflection technology of evaluation coal seam hydraulic fracture is implemented after hydraulic fracturing
The important evidence of effect, for formulating gas pumping method and measure, ensureing that Safety of Coal Mine Production has great importance.
The main method for obtaining coal seam permeability has laboratory coal core method and live direct measuring method, after hydraulic fracturing
Coal Pore Structure by destroy, stress in coal bed distribution changes, conventional laboratory coal core method and live direct measuring method are to water
The post-fracturing coal seam of power is no longer applicable in.It is mainly obtained at present about coal seam permeability after hydraulic fracturing according to hydraulic fracturing
Liquid injection, pressure drop principle construct Permeability Prediction model and substitute into correlation data calculation and obtain, this method is mainly model structure
Assume when building excessively, it is larger with actual conditions error；Furthermore mainly pass through number about the distribution of hydraulic fracturing coal seam permeability
The method of value simulation obtains, the basic principle is that there are certain passes with coal seam distribution of water pressure for Permeability Distribution in the injecting process
System, and do not have specific determining method also for the distribution of coal seam permeability after hydraulic fracturing.
Summary of the invention
The invention reside in provide a kind of coal mine underground coal bed hydraulic fracturing zone of influence Permeability Distribution to determine method, this method
Using coal seam hydraulic fracture zone of influence drilling gas flow and drilling arrangement form directly determine coal output layer permeability size and
It is distributed, and provides foundation to judge the antireflective effect of coal seam hydraulic fracture, simultaneously for formulation gas drainage scheme and ensures coal
Mine safety in production has great importance.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of coal mine underground coal bed hydraulic fracturing zone of influence
Permeability Distribution determines method, includes the following steps,
(1), construction hydraulic fracturing drilling carries out hydraulic fracturing to coal seam, monitors hydraulic fracturing drilling gas flowq 1, estimate water
Force the coverage split；
(2), according to the coverage design discharge peephole arrangement of hydraulic fracturing, according to arrangement construction Flow Observation
Hole monitors the gas flow in Flow Observation holeq 2,q 3,q n ；
(3), instrument connection sampling determination coal seam original permeability is beaten except the hydraulic fracturing zone of influencek 0, monitoring and test hole Gas-Flow
Amountq 0；
(4), coal seam hydraulic fracture zone of influence permeability is determinedk 1,k 2,k 3,k n And its regularity of distribution.
The step (1) the specific steps are be along coal seam construction drill radiusr, length ishHydraulic fracturing drilling,
After the completion of construction sealing of hole and to coal seam carry out hydraulic fracturing；It is incorporated to extraction pipeline after the completion of hydraulic fracturing, is supervised with the following method
Survey hydraulic fracturing hole gas flow: the monitoring gas flow time is the 1st~9 day, daily monitoring gas flow 3 times, interval time
It is 8 hours, is averaged to obtainq 11,q 12,q 13,q 19；Hydraulic fracturing is estimated according to hydraulic fracturing situation and experience
Coverage.
The step (2) the specific steps are according to the hydraulic fracturing coverage of estimation, away from waterpower in coverage
Fracturing borehole spacing distance isd,d>=2 meters, Flow Observation hole is arranged along coal seam, Flow Observation pore radius isr, length ish, envelope
Hole length is consistent with hydraulic fracturing hole sealed borehole length, Flow Observation hole arrangementn- 1；Flow Observation hole construction after the completion of sealing of hole simultaneously
Enter extraction pipeline, monitor Flow Observation hole gas flow with the following method: the monitoring gas flow time is the 1st~9 day, daily
Monitoring gas flow 3 times, interval time are 8 hours, are averaged to obtainq 21,q 22,q 23,q 29；q 31,q 32,q 33,q 39；,；q n1,q n2,q n3,q n9。
The step (3) the specific steps are be along coal seam construction drill radius except the hydraulic fracturing zone of influencer, long
Degree ishInstrument connection, and drill through coal sample with corning machine and manufacture standard specimen, standard specimen is placed in the upper pressure of pressure chamber
Between head and push-down head；Test specimen is applied accordingly by high precision servo hydraulic power unit according to the size of instrument connection place crustal stress
Axis pressureσ 1And confining pressureσ 3,σ 1For maximum principal stress,σ 3For minimum principal stress, fluid flow is read by flowmeterq, measurement examination
Part original permeabilityk 0,k 0It is obtained by following calculation formula:
In formula:k 0For coal sample original permeability, m2；p 2For inlet pressure；p 1For gas outlet pressure；p 2+p 1=2p 0,p 0For coal seam
Original gas pressure；p sFor atmospheric pressure；qFor gas flow, m3/s；μFor the dynamic viscosity under measuring temperature；LFor having for coal sample
Imitate seepage flow length, m；AFor effective seepage flow cross-sectional area of coal sample, m2；
Sealing of hole is incorporated to extraction pipeline, instrument connection sealed borehole length and hydraulic fracturing hole sealed borehole length one immediately after the completion of instrument connection construction
It causes；Monitoring and test hole gas flow with the following method: the monitoring gas flow time is the 1st~9 day, monitors gas flow daily
3 times, interval time is 8 hours, is averaged to obtainq 01,q 02,q 03,q 09。
The step (4) the specific steps are calculate hydraulic pressure drill hole using formula (2)~formula (4) and each flow seen
Coal seam permeability at gaging hole:
···
According to each Flow Observation hole coal seam permeability definitive result, coal seam hydraulic fracture zone of influence Permeability Distribution rule is made
Figure.
By adopting the above technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the method for the present invention is according to coal seam permeability and drilling watt
The principle of this flow correlations is pushed away by the size and drilling arrangement form that measure hydraulic fracturing influence area drilling gas flow
Coal seam permeability and its distribution after calculating hydraulic fracturing realize the accurate determination of coal seam permeability distribution after hydraulic fracturing,
Have great importance for accurately evaluating fracturing effect and reasonably formulating gas drainage scheme.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the invention.
Fig. 2 is borehole pattern of the invention.
Fig. 3 is coal seam hydraulic fracture zone of influence Permeability Distribution figure of the invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a kind of coal mine underground coal bed hydraulic fracturing zone of influence Permeability Distribution determination side of the invention
Method includes the following steps:
(1) construction hydraulic fracturing drilling carries out hydraulic fracturing to coal seam, monitors hydraulic fracturing drilling gas flowq 1, estimate water
Force the coverage split；
(2) according to the coverage design discharge peephole arrangement of hydraulic fracturing, according to arrangement construction Flow Observation
Hole, the gas flow of measurement of discharge peepholeq 2,q 3,q n ；
(3) instrument connection sampling determination coal seam original permeability is beaten except the hydraulic fracturing zone of influencek 0, monitoring and test hole Gas-Flow
Amountq 0；
(4) coal seam hydraulic fracture zone of influence permeability is determinedk 1,k 2,k 3,k n And its regularity of distribution.
The step (1) the specific steps are be along coal seam construction drill radiusr, length ishHydraulic fracturing drilling,
After the completion of construction sealing of hole and to coal seam carry out hydraulic fracturing.It is incorporated to extraction pipeline after the completion of hydraulic fracturing, is supervised with the following method
Survey hydraulic fracturing hole gas flow: the monitoring gas flow time is the 1st~9 day, daily monitoring gas flow 3 times, interval time
It is 8 hours, is averaged to obtainq 11,q 12,q 13,q 19.Hydraulic fracturing is estimated according to hydraulic fracturing situation and experience
Coverage.
The step (2) the specific steps are according to the hydraulic fracturing coverage of estimation, away from waterpower in coverage
Fracturing borehole spacing distance isd(d>=2 meters) along coal seam arrangement Flow Observation hole, Flow Observation pore radius isr, length ish, envelope
Hole length is consistent with hydraulic fracturing hole sealed borehole length, Flow Observation hole arrangementn- 1.Flow Observation hole construction after the completion of sealing of hole simultaneously
Enter extraction pipeline, monitor Flow Observation hole gas flow with the following method: the monitoring gas flow time is the 1st~9 day, daily
Monitoring gas flow 3 times, interval time are 8 hours, are averaged to obtainq 21,q 22,q 23,q 29；q 31,q 32,q 33,q 39；,；q n1,q n2,q n3,q n9。
The step (3) the specific steps are be along coal seam construction drill radius except the hydraulic fracturing zone of influencer, long
Degree ishInstrument connection, and drill through coal sample with corning machine and manufacture standard specimen, by test specimen be placed in pressure chamber seaming chuck and
Between push-down head；According to the size of instrument connection place crustal stress (σ 1For maximum principal stress,σ 3For minimum principal stress) pass through high-precision
Servo hydraulic pump station to test specimen apply corresponding axis pressure (σ 1) and confining pressure (σ 3), by flowmeter read fluid flow (q), measurement
Test specimen original permeabilityk 0,k 0It is obtained by following calculation formula:
In formula:k 0For coal sample original permeability, m2；p 2For inlet pressure；p 1For gas outlet pressure；p 2+p 1=2p 0,p 0For coal seam
Original gas pressure；p sFor atmospheric pressure；qFor gas flow, m3/s；μFor the dynamic viscosity under measuring temperature；LFor having for coal sample
Imitate seepage flow length, m；AFor effective seepage flow cross-sectional area of coal sample, m2。
Sealing of hole is incorporated to extraction pipeline immediately after the completion of instrument connection construction, and instrument connection sealed borehole length and hydraulic fracturing hole sealing of hole are long
Degree is consistent.Monitoring and test hole gas flow with the following method: the monitoring gas flow time is the 1st~9 day, monitors gas daily
Flow 3 times, interval time is 8 hours, is averaged to obtainq 01,q 02,q 03,q 09。
The step (4) the specific steps are calculate hydraulic pressure drill hole using formula (2)~formula (4) and each flow seen
Coal seam permeability at gaging hole:
···
According to each Flow Observation hole coal seam permeability definitive result, coal seam hydraulic fracture zone of influence Permeability Distribution Fig. 3 is made.
It is illustrated so that certain mine coal seam hydraulic fracture permeability determines as an example below:
Step (1): being 94mm, the hydraulic fracturing drilling 1 that length is 50m, sealed borehole length 10m along coal seam construction drill radius.It applies
Sealing of hole and hydraulic fracturing is carried out to coal seam after the completion of work, extraction pipeline is incorporated to after the completion of hydraulic fracturing and carries out gas flow monitoring,
Gas flow monitoring data are shown in Table 1.
1 hydraulic fracturing hole of table, 1 gas flow statistical form
It is 30m according to the coverage that hydraulic fracturing situation and experience estimate hydraulic fracturing.
Step (2): being 5 meters along coal seam away from 1 spacing distance of hydraulic fracturing hole within the scope of the zone of influence 30m of hydraulic fracturing
Arrange 2 ~ peephole of Flow Observation hole 7, observation pitch of holes is 5m, radius 94mm, length 50m, sealed borehole length 10m, observation
6 (Fig. 2) is arranged in hole.Sealing of hole is incorporated to extraction pipeline and carries out gas flow monitoring, gas flow monitoring after the completion of peephole construction
Data are shown in Table 2.
2 peephole gas flow statistical form of table
Step (3): it is constructed except the hydraulic fracturing zone of influence along coal seam instrument connection, instrument connection is apart from hydraulic fracturing hole 40m, test
Bore dia 94mm, length 50m, sealed borehole length 10m.It coring and is processed into standard specimen in instrument connection work progress and carries out original infiltration
Saturating rate measurement, by measurementk 0=1.25×10-17m2.Sealing of hole is incorporated to extraction pipeline and is tested immediately after the completion of instrument connection construction
The monitoring of hole gas flow, gas flow monitoring data are shown in Table 3.
3 instrument connection gas flow statistical form of table
Step (4): the infiltration of the coal seam at hydraulic pressure drill hole and each Flow Observation hole is calculated separately using formula (2)~formula (4)
Rate:
k 1=12.98×10-17m2；k 2=6.82×10-17m2；k 3=4.14×10-17m2；k 4=2.35×10-17m2；k 5=1.75×
10-17m2；k 6=1.4×10-17m2；k 7=1.31×10-17m2。
According to hydraulic fracturing hole and each Flow Observation hole coal seam permeability definitive result, the coal seam hydraulic fracture zone of influence is made
Permeability Distribution figure (Fig. 3).It can get the size and its distribution of coal seam permeability around hydraulic fracturing hole after hydraulic fracturing by Fig. 3
Rule, coal seam permeability are in quantum condition entropy with the increase away from hydraulic fracturing hole distance；It also can get hydraulic fracturing shadow simultaneously
Ring the range in area, the almost the same about 30m of the size and estimated value of the hydraulic fracturing zone of influence；Furthermore it can be designed accordingly according to Fig. 3
Mash gas pumping drilling arrangement, extraction effectively is carried out to ensure the safety in production of coal mine to coal-bed gas.
Although describing the invention in detail above, but the invention is not restricted to this, those skilled in the art of the present technique
It can be carry out various modifications with principle according to the present invention.Therefore, all to be modified according to made by the principle of the invention, all it should be understood as
Fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of coal mine underground coal bed hydraulic fracturing zone of influence Permeability Distribution determines method, it is characterised in that: including walking as follows
Suddenly,
(1), construction hydraulic fracturing drilling carries out hydraulic fracturing to coal seam, monitors hydraulic fracturing drilling gas flowq 1, estimate water
Force the coverage split；
(2), according to the coverage design discharge peephole arrangement of hydraulic fracturing, according to arrangement construction Flow Observation
Hole monitors the gas flow in Flow Observation holeq 2,q 3,q n ；
(3), instrument connection sampling determination coal seam original permeability is beaten except the hydraulic fracturing zone of influencek 0, monitoring and test hole Gas-Flow
Amountq 0；
(4), coal seam hydraulic fracture zone of influence permeability is determinedk 1,k 2,k 3,k n And its regularity of distribution.
2. a kind of coal mine underground coal bed hydraulic fracturing zone of influence Permeability Distribution according to claim 1 determines method,
Be characterized in that: the step (1) the specific steps are be along coal seam construction drill radiusr, length ishHydraulic fracturing drilling,
After the completion of construction sealing of hole and to coal seam carry out hydraulic fracturing；It is incorporated to extraction pipeline after the completion of hydraulic fracturing, is supervised with the following method
Survey hydraulic fracturing hole gas flow: the monitoring gas flow time is the 1st~9 day, daily monitoring gas flow 3 times, interval time
It is 8 hours, is averaged to obtainq 11,q 12,q 13,q 19；Hydraulic fracturing is estimated according to hydraulic fracturing situation and experience
Coverage.
3. a kind of coal mine underground coal bed hydraulic fracturing zone of influence Permeability Distribution according to claim 1 determines method,
Be characterized in that: the step (2) the specific steps are according to the hydraulic fracturing coverage of estimation, away from water in coverage
Power fracturing borehole spacing distance isd,d>=2 meters, Flow Observation hole is arranged along coal seam, Flow Observation pore radius isr, length ish,
Sealed borehole length is consistent with hydraulic fracturing hole sealed borehole length, Flow Observation hole arrangementn- 1；Sealing of hole after the completion of the construction of Flow Observation hole
Be incorporated to extraction pipeline, monitor Flow Observation hole gas flow with the following method: the monitoring gas flow time is the 1st~9 day, often
Its monitoring gas flow 3 times, interval time are 8 hours, are averaged to obtainq 21,q 22,q 23,q 29；q 31,q 32,q 33,q 39；,；q n1,q n2,q n3,q n9。
4. a kind of coal mine underground coal bed hydraulic fracturing zone of influence Permeability Distribution according to claim 1 determines method,
Be characterized in that: the step (3) the specific steps are be along coal seam construction drill radius except the hydraulic fracturing zone of influencer, long
Degree ishInstrument connection, and drill through coal sample with corning machine and manufacture standard specimen, standard specimen is placed in the upper pressure of pressure chamber
Between head and push-down head；Test specimen is applied accordingly by high precision servo hydraulic power unit according to the size of instrument connection place crustal stress
Axis pressureσ 1And confining pressureσ 3,σ 1For maximum principal stress,σ 3For minimum principal stress, fluid flow is read by flowmeterq, measurement examination
Part original permeabilityk 0,k 0It is obtained by following calculation formula:
In formula:k 0For coal sample original permeability, m2；p 2For inlet pressure；p 1For gas outlet pressure；p 2+p 1=2p 0,p 0For coal seam
Original gas pressure；p sFor atmospheric pressure；qFor gas flow, m3/s；μFor the dynamic viscosity under measuring temperature；LFor having for coal sample
Imitate seepage flow length, m；AFor effective seepage flow cross-sectional area of coal sample, m2；
Sealing of hole is incorporated to extraction pipeline, instrument connection sealed borehole length and hydraulic fracturing hole sealed borehole length one immediately after the completion of instrument connection construction
It causes；Monitoring and test hole gas flow with the following method: the monitoring gas flow time is the 1st~9 day, monitors gas flow daily
3 times, interval time is 8 hours, is averaged to obtainq 01,q 02,q 03,q 09。
5. a kind of coal mine underground coal bed hydraulic fracturing zone of influence Permeability Distribution according to claim 1 determines method,
Be characterized in that: the step (4) the specific steps are calculate hydraulic pressure drill hole using formula (2)~formula (4) and each flow seen
Coal seam permeability at gaging hole:
···
According to each Flow Observation hole coal seam permeability definitive result, coal seam hydraulic fracture zone of influence Permeability Distribution rule is made
Figure.
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| CN109736779A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-05-10 | 吕梁学院 | A kind of pressure break radius measurement method of this coal seam hydraulic fracture |
| CN110426501A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-11-08 | 重庆市能源投资集团科技有限责任公司 | A method of a layer hydraulic fracturing coverage is worn based on the determination of salinity measurement method |
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| CN109736779A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-05-10 | 吕梁学院 | A kind of pressure break radius measurement method of this coal seam hydraulic fracture |
| CN110426501A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-11-08 | 重庆市能源投资集团科技有限责任公司 | A method of a layer hydraulic fracturing coverage is worn based on the determination of salinity measurement method |
| CN111577232A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-25 | 重庆市能源投资集团科技有限责任公司 | Coal mine underground fracturing control safety guarantee method |
| CN111577232B (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2022-03-01 | 重庆市能源投资集团科技有限责任公司 | Coal mine underground fracturing control safety guarantee method |
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