CN109089499A - A kind of organic fertilizer variable application device and its method based on conductivity detection - Google Patents

A kind of organic fertilizer variable application device and its method based on conductivity detection Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109089499A
CN109089499A CN201810865659.1A CN201810865659A CN109089499A CN 109089499 A CN109089499 A CN 109089499A CN 201810865659 A CN201810865659 A CN 201810865659A CN 109089499 A CN109089499 A CN 109089499A
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China
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variable
organic fertilizer
control system
conductivity
soil
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CN201810865659.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张春凤
王秀
马伟
邹伟
王松林
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Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture
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Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture
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Priority to CN201810865659.1A priority Critical patent/CN109089499A/en
Publication of CN109089499A publication Critical patent/CN109089499A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C17/00Fertilisers or seeders with centrifugal wheels
    • A01C17/006Regulating or dosing devices
    • A01C17/008Devices controlling the quantity or the distribution pattern
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24Earth materials
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24Earth materials
    • G01N33/245Earth materials for agricultural purposes

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizing (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to field of agricultural production technologies, disclose a kind of organic fertilizer variable application device and method based on conductivity detection, it include: soil conductivity testing agency, traction device, variable fertilization control system and organic fertilizer scattering mechanism, soil conductivity testing agency, variable fertilization control system and organic fertilizer scattering mechanism are set on traction device, for detecting soil conductivity, variable fertilization control system controls organic fertilizer scattering mechanism organic manure application rate by soil conductivity for soil conductivity testing agency.The present invention passes through soil conductivity testing agency on-line measurement soil conductivity, generate prescription map, and it is calculated by variable fertilization control system and controls the fertilising of organic fertilizer scattering mechanism variable precision, labor cost can be reduced, broadcast application is uniform, work efficiency is high, and online variable precision fertilising improves mechanization and the degree of automation.

Description

A kind of organic fertilizer variable application device and its method based on conductivity detection
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural production technologies, apply more particularly to a kind of organic fertilizer variable based on conductivity detection Use devices and methods therefor.
Background technique
It during modern agricultural production, relies primarily on and increases inorganic fertilizer to improve yield, Shaoshi or hardly apply Organic fertilizer causes soil organic matter content low, and it is hardened large area occur, and soil fertility is insufficient, therefore promotes soil fertility, increases Organic fertilizer is extremely urgent.
And existing organic fertilizer fertilizer distributor is there are working width is small, broadcast application is uneven, cannot online variable precision application etc. Problem.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problems to be solved
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of organic fertilizer variable application devices and its method based on conductivity detection, solve That there are working widths is small for organic fertilizer fertilizer distributor in the prior art, and broadcast application is uneven, cannot online variable precision application the problems such as.
(2) technical solution
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of organic fertilizer variables based on conductivity detection to apply dress It sets, comprising: soil conductivity testing agency, traction device, variable fertilization control system and organic fertilizer scattering mechanism;Wherein:
The soil conductivity testing agency, variable fertilization control system and organic fertilizer scattering mechanism are set to described lead On leading-in device, the organic fertilizer scattering mechanism is connect with the variable fertilization control system, the variable fertilization control system with The soil conductivity testing agency connection;
For detecting soil conductivity, the variable fertilization control system passes through soil for the soil conductivity testing agency Conductivity controls the organic fertilizer scattering mechanism organic manure application rate.
Wherein, the soil conductivity testing agency includes three pairs of electrodes disposed in parallel, and one pair of them electrode is electric current End, two pairs of electrodes are voltage end.
Wherein, the soil conductivity testing agency and the traction device are hinged by parallel four-bar linkage, described Parallel four-bar linkage is equipped with hydraulic cylinder.
Wherein, the variable fertilization control system includes hydraulic device and single-chip microcontroller, the hydraulic device and the monolithic Machine connection, the single-chip microcontroller adjust the organic fertilizer scattering mechanism organic manure application rate for controlling the hydraulic device.
Wherein, the variable fertilization control system further includes velocity sensor and GPS module, the velocity sensor and institute It states GPS module to be set on the traction device, and is connect with the single-chip microcontroller.
Wherein, the organic fertilizer scattering mechanism includes flow valve, fertilizer box, send fertile device and throw fertile device, the flow Valve is set at the fertilizer outlet of the fertilizer box, and is connect with the variable fertilization control system, and the fertile device of the throwing passes through described Fertile device is sent to connect with the fertilizer box.
Wherein, the fertile device of the throwing includes driving device and multiple centrifugation broadcast application disks, the driving device and the centrifugation The connection of broadcast application disk, and the driving device is set to the bottom of the centrifugation broadcast application disk.
Wherein, described send is additionally provided with speed probe on fertile device, and the speed probe and the variable fertilization control System connection.
The present invention discloses a kind of method of administration of organic fertilizer variable application device based on conductivity detection, comprising:
S1, soil conductivity testing agency measure soil conductivity,
S2, variable fertilization control system converse the soil organism by the relationship of soil conductivity and the soil organism and contain Amount distribution, handles to obtain Fertilization prescription chart in conjunction with GIS software;
S3, organic fertilizer scattering mechanism apply fertilizer according to Fertilization prescription chart real-time variable.
Wherein, step S3 further includes being detected using the travel speed of velocity sensor detection traction device using GPS module The position of traction device, using the revolving speed for sending fertile device of speed probe detection organic fertilizer scattering mechanism, according to traction device Travel speed, position and send fertile device revolving speed and Fertilization prescription chart control organic fertilizer scattering mechanism real-time variable fertilising.
(3) beneficial effect
A kind of organic fertilizer variable application device and its method based on conductivity detection provided by the invention, passes through soil electricity Conductance testing agency on-line measurement soil conductivity generates prescription map, and calculates and controlled by variable fertilization control system The fertilising of machine fertilizer scattering mechanism variable precision.The present invention can reduce labor cost, and broadcast application is uniform, and work efficiency is high, online to become Tree Precise Fertilization is measured, mechanization and the degree of automation are improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the organic fertilizer variable application device based on conductivity detection of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of flow chart of the organic fertilizer variable method of administration based on conductivity detection of the present invention.
In figure, 1, soil conductivity testing agency;2, traction device;3, variable fertilization control system;41, fertilizer box;42, Send fertile device;43, fertile device is thrown;5, velocity sensor;6, GPS module.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail.Following instance For illustrating the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase Even ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected;It can To be mechanical connection, it is also possible to be electrically connected;It can be directly connected, can also can be indirectly connected through an intermediary Connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood at this with concrete condition Concrete meaning in invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention discloses a kind of organic fertilizer variable application device based on conductivity detection, comprising: soil Conductivity testing agency 1, traction device 2, variable fertilization control system 3 and organic fertilizer scattering mechanism;Wherein:
The soil conductivity testing agency 1, variable fertilization control system 3 and organic fertilizer scattering mechanism are set to described On traction device 2, the organic fertilizer scattering mechanism is connect with the variable fertilization control system 3, variable fertilization control system System 3 is connect with the soil conductivity testing agency 1;
The soil conductivity testing agency 1 is for detecting soil conductivity;The variable fertilization control system 3 passes through soil Earth conductivity controls the organic fertilizer scattering mechanism organic manure application rate.
Specifically, the present invention detects the conductivity in soil by soil conductivity testing agency 1, and utilize variable fertilization Control system 3 show that soil organic matter content is distributed according to the conversion of the relationship of soil conductivity and the soil organism, in conjunction with GIS Software handles to obtain Fertilization prescription chart, the online variable precision fertilising of control organic fertilizer scattering mechanism.
A kind of organic fertilizer variable application device and its method based on conductivity detection provided by the invention, passes through soil electricity Conductance testing agency on-line measurement soil conductivity generates prescription map, and calculates and controlled by variable fertilization control system The fertilising of machine fertilizer scattering mechanism variable precision.The present invention can reduce labor cost, and broadcast application is uniform, and work efficiency is high, online to become Tree Precise Fertilization is measured, mechanization and the degree of automation are improved.
Wherein, the soil conductivity testing agency 1 includes three pairs of electrodes disposed in parallel, and one pair of them electrode is electric current End, two pairs of electrodes are voltage end.Current terminal provides required measurement pumping signal, and the potential difference by detecting two pairs of voltage ends is changed Calculate the conductivity of dielectric material.Specifically, the electrode in the present embodiment is electrode discs.Specifically, detection soil conductivity Method it is basic there are two types of, one is the current and voltage method that the application mentions, advantage be ortho states in situ detection, duty cycle not by Limit, the disadvantage is that mechanism is complicated, is influenced by soil regime, and another kind is electromagnetic induction method, is a kind of non-contact detection soil Earth conductivity, by emitting electromagnetic wave, reception electromagnetic wave obtains soil conductivity, and advantage is: scanning measurement, structure is simple, Soil disturbance is smaller, the disadvantage is that: duty cycle is limited, is influenced greatly by air moisture content etc..
Wherein, the soil conductivity testing agency 1 and the traction device 2 are hinged by parallel four-bar linkage, institute Parallel four-bar linkage is stated equipped with hydraulic cylinder.By Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder parallel four-bar linkage upper and lower translation, drives and connect it The soil conductivity testing agency 1 of end moves to different detection depth, specifically, electrode discs is driven to move to difference Detect depth.
Wherein, the traction device 2 uses tractor, by soil conductivity testing agency 1, variable fertilization control system 3 And organic fertilizer scattering mechanism is both secured on tractor.
Wherein, the variable fertilization control system 3 includes hydraulic device and single-chip microcontroller, the hydraulic device and the monolithic Machine connection, the single-chip microcontroller adjust the organic fertilizer scattering mechanism organic manure application rate for controlling the hydraulic device.Monolithic The soil conductivity information that soil conductivity testing agency 1 detects is converted into the soil organism by logical algorithm and contained by machine Amount, and handle to obtain Fertilization prescription chart by GIS software, judge whether to need application of organic fertilizers and fertilising dosage, and drive liquid Pressure device controls organic fertilizer scattering mechanism variable spray.
Wherein, the variable fertilization control system 3 further includes velocity sensor 5 and GPS module 6, the velocity sensor 5 It is set on the traction device 2 with the GPS module 6, and is connect with the single-chip microcontroller.It is detected and is drawn by GPS module 6 The geographical location of device 2, to judge the position in prescription map, velocity sensor 5 detects the travel speed of traction device 2 to sentence Disconnected when reach needs place of applying fertilizer, and above-mentioned detection information is uploaded to single-chip microcontroller, and single-chip microcontroller carries out logical operation, judgement simultaneously Assign instruction.Specifically, velocity sensor 5 is switched using near-earth, be fixed on the inside of the rear-wheel of tractor, signal output end with Single-chip microcontroller is connected, and speed signal is acquired and is calibrated by interrupt routine.
Wherein, the organic fertilizer scattering mechanism includes flow valve, fertilizer box 41, send fertile device 42 and throw fertile device 43, institute Flow valve is stated at the fertilizer outlet of the fertilizer box 41, and is connect with the variable fertilization control system 3, the fertile device of the throwing 43 send fertile device 42 to connect with the fertilizer box 41 by described.The aperture of flow valve is controlled in the present embodiment by single-chip microcontroller, Realize the control accurate transport of amount of organic fertilizer;Sending fertile device 42 is that chain type send fertile device, and power resources are in tractor itself liquid Pressure system controls the movement speed of chain.
Preferably, the fertile device 43 of the throwing includes driving device and multiple centrifugation broadcast application disks, the driving device and described It is centrifuged the connection of broadcast application disk, and the driving device is set to the bottom of the centrifugation broadcast application disk.Preferably, centrifugation broadcast application disk is two It is a.In the present embodiment, fertile device 42 is sent first to throw organic fertilizer on fertile device 43 from being transported in fertilizer box 41, then pass through driving Device driving centrifugation broadcast application disk carries out broadcast application.It is carried out specifically, centrifugation broadcast application disk is driven by the driving device high speed rotation of bottom Broadcast application.
Preferably, described send is additionally provided with speed probe on fertile device 42, the speed probe and the variable fertilization Control system 3 connects, the traveling speed for the traction device 2 that the single-chip microcontroller of variable fertilization control system 3 is fed back according to velocity sensor 5 The chain type of degree and speed probe feedback send the revolving speed of fertile device, carries out closed loop adjusting, makes to send fertilizer more accurate.
Wherein, variable fertilization control system 3 further includes signal amplification circuit and touch screen, and signal amplification circuit is conducive to letter Number transmission, touch screen facilitates staff to monitor in real time and operate.
Invention additionally discloses the method for administration that a kind of organic fertilizer variable application device based on conductivity detection is also disclosed, packets It includes:
S1, soil conductivity testing agency measure soil conductivity,
S2, variable fertilization control system converse the soil organism by the relationship of soil conductivity and the soil organism and contain Amount distribution, handles to obtain Fertilization prescription chart in conjunction with GIS software;
S3, organic fertilizer scattering mechanism apply fertilizer according to Fertilization prescription chart real-time variable.
Specifically, according to the relevant experimental data of soil conductivity and the content of organic matter, available soil conductivity with Soil organism correlation is inferred to soil organic matter content using this relationship and is distributed.
Wherein, step S3 further includes being detected using the travel speed of velocity sensor detection traction device using GPS module The position of traction device, using the revolving speed for sending fertile device of speed probe detection organic fertilizer scattering mechanism, according to traction device Travel speed, position and send fertile device revolving speed and Fertilization prescription chart control organic fertilizer scattering mechanism real-time variable fertilising, According to the position of on-line measurement and travel speed, more accurate can apply fertilizer.
A kind of organic fertilizer variable application device and its method based on conductivity detection provided by the invention, passes through soil electricity Conductance testing agency on-line measurement soil conductivity generates prescription map, and calculates and controlled by variable fertilization control system The fertilising of machine fertilizer scattering mechanism variable precision.The present invention can reduce labor cost, and broadcast application is uniform, and work efficiency is high, online to become Tree Precise Fertilization is measured, mechanization and the degree of automation are improved.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of organic fertilizer variable application device based on conductivity detection characterized by comprising soil conductivity detection machine Structure (1), traction device (2), variable fertilization control system (3) and organic fertilizer scattering mechanism;Wherein:
The soil conductivity testing agency (1), variable fertilization control system (3) and organic fertilizer scattering mechanism are set to described On traction device (2), the organic fertilizer scattering mechanism is connect with the variable fertilization control system (3), the variable fertilization control System (3) processed connect with the soil conductivity testing agency (1);
The soil conductivity testing agency (1) is for detecting soil conductivity;The variable fertilization control system (3) passes through soil Earth conductivity controls the organic fertilizer scattering mechanism organic manure application rate.
2. the organic fertilizer variable application device as described in claim 1 based on conductivity detection, which is characterized in that the soil Conductivity testing agency (1) includes three pairs of electrodes disposed in parallel, and one pair of them electrode is current terminal, and two pairs of electrodes are voltage End.
3. the organic fertilizer variable application device as described in claim 1 based on conductivity detection, which is characterized in that the soil Conductivity testing agency (1) is hinged by parallel four-bar linkage with the traction device (2), on the parallel four-bar linkage Equipped with hydraulic cylinder.
4. the organic fertilizer variable application device as described in claim 1 based on conductivity detection, which is characterized in that the variable Fertilization control system (3) includes hydraulic device and single-chip microcontroller, and the hydraulic device is connected with the single-chip microcontroller, and the single-chip microcontroller is used The organic fertilizer scattering mechanism organic manure application rate is adjusted in controlling the hydraulic device.
5. the organic fertilizer variable application device as claimed in claim 4 based on conductivity detection, which is characterized in that the variable Fertilization control system (3) further includes velocity sensor (5) and GPS module (6), the velocity sensor (5) and the GPS module (6) it is set on the traction device (2), and is connect with the single-chip microcontroller.
6. the organic fertilizer variable application device as described in claim 1 based on conductivity detection, which is characterized in that described organic Fertile scattering mechanism includes flow valve, fertilizer box (41), send fertile device (42) and throw fertile device (43), and the flow valve is set to described It at the fertilizer outlet of fertilizer box (41), and is connect with the variable fertilization control system (3), the fertile device (43) of the throwing passes through described Fertile device (42) is sent to connect with the fertilizer box (41).
7. the organic fertilizer variable application device as claimed in claim 6 based on conductivity detection, which is characterized in that the throwing fertilizer Device (43) includes driving device and multiple centrifugation broadcast application disks, and the driving device is connected with the centrifugation broadcast application disk, and described Driving device is set to the bottom of the centrifugation broadcast application disk.
8. the organic fertilizer variable application device as claimed in claim 6 based on conductivity detection, which is characterized in that described to send fertilizer Speed probe is additionally provided on device (42), the speed probe is connect with the variable fertilization control system (3).
9. a kind of organic fertilizer variable application device based on conductivity detection as described in any one of claim 1-8 is applied With method characterized by comprising
S1, soil conductivity testing agency measure soil conductivity,
S2, variable fertilization control system converse soil organic matter content point by the relationship of soil conductivity and the soil organism Cloth handles to obtain Fertilization prescription chart in conjunction with GIS software;
S3, organic fertilizer scattering mechanism apply fertilizer according to Fertilization prescription chart real-time variable.
10. the method for administration of the organic fertilizer variable application device as claimed in claim 9 based on conductivity detection, feature exist In step S3 further includes utilizing GPS module detection traction device using the travel speed of velocity sensor detection traction device Position, using speed probe detection organic fertilizer scattering mechanism the revolving speed for sending fertile device, according to the travel speed of traction device, Position and revolving speed and the Fertilization prescription chart control organic fertilizer scattering mechanism real-time variable fertilising for sending fertile device.
CN201810865659.1A 2018-08-01 2018-08-01 A kind of organic fertilizer variable application device and its method based on conductivity detection Pending CN109089499A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111937551A (en) * 2020-07-10 2020-11-17 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 Variable rate fertilization method and device based on crop seedling condition information
CN112014433A (en) * 2020-09-29 2020-12-01 吉林大学 Device for detecting straw mixed burying uniformity by utilizing soil conductivity
CN112461899A (en) * 2020-11-04 2021-03-09 农芯科技(广州)有限责任公司 Variable rate fertilization system and control method thereof
CN112946023A (en) * 2021-01-28 2021-06-11 上海联适导航技术股份有限公司 Detection apparatus for side deep fertilization and transplanter
CN113661822A (en) * 2021-09-16 2021-11-19 上海联适导航技术股份有限公司 Variable rate fertilization method and system based on temperature compensation
CN115191195A (en) * 2022-09-05 2022-10-18 北京市农林科学院智能装备技术研究中心 Variable rate fertilization device for field and variable rate fertilization control method

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CN202310564U (en) * 2011-11-14 2012-07-11 北京农业信息技术研究中心 Fertilizer spreader
CN106856763A (en) * 2017-02-14 2017-06-20 南京农业大学 A kind of real-time variable fertilizer distributor based on plant growth information
CN107771489A (en) * 2016-08-26 2018-03-09 姜丹宁 Variable sprinkling fertilization machine

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5841282A (en) * 1997-02-10 1998-11-24 Christy; Colin Device for measuring soil conductivity
US20110106451A1 (en) * 2008-11-04 2011-05-05 Colin Christy Multiple sensor system and method for mapping soil in three dimensions
CN202310564U (en) * 2011-11-14 2012-07-11 北京农业信息技术研究中心 Fertilizer spreader
CN107771489A (en) * 2016-08-26 2018-03-09 姜丹宁 Variable sprinkling fertilization machine
CN106856763A (en) * 2017-02-14 2017-06-20 南京农业大学 A kind of real-time variable fertilizer distributor based on plant growth information

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111937551A (en) * 2020-07-10 2020-11-17 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 Variable rate fertilization method and device based on crop seedling condition information
CN112014433A (en) * 2020-09-29 2020-12-01 吉林大学 Device for detecting straw mixed burying uniformity by utilizing soil conductivity
CN112461899A (en) * 2020-11-04 2021-03-09 农芯科技(广州)有限责任公司 Variable rate fertilization system and control method thereof
CN112946023A (en) * 2021-01-28 2021-06-11 上海联适导航技术股份有限公司 Detection apparatus for side deep fertilization and transplanter
CN112946023B (en) * 2021-01-28 2021-11-05 上海联适导航技术股份有限公司 Detection apparatus for side deep fertilization and transplanter
CN113661822A (en) * 2021-09-16 2021-11-19 上海联适导航技术股份有限公司 Variable rate fertilization method and system based on temperature compensation
CN115191195A (en) * 2022-09-05 2022-10-18 北京市农林科学院智能装备技术研究中心 Variable rate fertilization device for field and variable rate fertilization control method

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Application publication date: 20181228