CN109080428A - 一种混联式混合动力***及包括该混合动力***的车辆 - Google Patents
一种混联式混合动力***及包括该混合动力***的车辆 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109080428A CN109080428A CN201710443989.7A CN201710443989A CN109080428A CN 109080428 A CN109080428 A CN 109080428A CN 201710443989 A CN201710443989 A CN 201710443989A CN 109080428 A CN109080428 A CN 109080428A
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Classifications
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
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- B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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- B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
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- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
- B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
- B60K2006/381—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches characterized by driveline brakes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/48—Parallel type
- B60K2006/4833—Step up or reduction gearing driving generator, e.g. to operate generator in most efficient speed range
- B60K2006/4841—Step up or reduction gearing driving generator, e.g. to operate generator in most efficient speed range the gear provides shifting between multiple ratios
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种混联式混合动力***及包括该混合动力***的车辆,以增加电机输出扭矩。混联式混合动力***包括行星排,行星排具有三个动力输入端和一个动力输出端,混合动力***还包括分别与三个动力输入端对应传动相连的发动机、第一电机和第二电机,发动机输出轴、第一电机输出轴和第二电机输出轴三者异轴布置,混合动力***包括用于对发动机对应的动力输入端进行锁止的发动机锁止机构,第一电机和第二电机中的至少一个与行星排相应的动力输入端之间设有变速箱。变速箱能够将电机的高转速变为低速,将电机的低扭矩变为高扭矩,增加了电机输入至行星排的扭矩。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种混联式混合动力***及包括该混合动力***的车辆。
背景技术
混联式混合动力***相对于串联混合动力***和并联混合动力***具有巨大的性能优势。当前混联式动力***主要采用行星机构作为功率分流装置。
申请公布日为2016年11月16日、申请公布号为CN106114185A的一篇发明专利公开了一种混合动力耦合传动装置,该传动装置(动力***)包括行星排,行星排具有三个动力输入端和一个动力输出端,三个动力输入端分别为太阳轮输入端、齿圈输入端以及行星架输入端,动力输出端上连接有动力输出轴。动力***还包括分别与三个动力输入端对应传动相连的发动机、第一电机和第二电机,其中第一电机和第二电机中的一个为传动辅助电机,另一个为驱动电机,发动机输出轴、第一电机输出输出轴和第二电机输出轴并排布置,在发动机输出轴与行星排之间、传动辅助电机输出轴与行星排之间设有制动器。该动力***中,通过控制第一电机、第二电机和发动机的通断,能够实现不同工作模式的切换。如纯电动模式,处于该模式时,发动机停止工作,动力***的动力输出是由驱动电机提供的;如混合动力模式,处于该模式时,发动机和驱动电机均工作,动力***的动力输出是由驱动电机和发动机共同提供的;如发动机驱动模式,处于该模式时,发动机直接驱动车辆。
但是在上述的动力***中,当驱动电机工作为动力***提供动力时,由于驱动电机通过齿轮直接与行星排输出轴相连,驱动电机向行星排输入的扭矩值为一定值,为了提高行星排输出端的扭矩,需要配备较大输出扭矩的驱动电机,提高了驱动电机的成本。而且,驱动电机与行星排输出轴之间的转速之比为定值,扭矩之比也为定值,驱动电机无法适应。当动力***处于发动机驱动模式时,发动机会带动行星排的其中一个动力输入端转动,由于驱动电机通过齿轮直接与行星排输出轴相连,行星排输出轴会带动驱动电机发生随转,存在机电转换,降低了动力***的能量利用率。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种能够增加电机输出扭矩的混联式混合动力***,本发明还提供一种包括该混合动力***的车辆。
为实现上述目的,本发明混联式混合动力***的技术方案是:一种混联式混合动力***,包括行星排,行星排具有三个动力输入端和一个动力输出端,混合动力***还包括分别与三个动力输入端对应传动相连的发动机、第一电机和第二电机,发动机输出轴、第一电机输出轴和第二电机输出轴三者异轴布置,混合动力***包括用于对发动机对应的动力输入端进行锁止的发动机锁止机构,第一电机和第二电机中的至少一个与行星排相应的动力输入端之间设有变速箱。
所述第一电机为ISG电机,第二电机为主驱动电机,所述变速箱设于主驱动电机与相应的动力输入端之间。
ISG电机的输出轴与相应的动力输入端之间通过ISG电机齿轮啮合传动,混合动力***还包括对ISG电机输出轴或ISG电机齿轮或相应的动力输入端进行锁止的ISG电机锁止机构。
所述发动机输出轴、第一电机输出轴和第二电机输出轴并排布置,所述第一电机和第二电机分设于发动机输出轴的两侧,发动机、第一电机和第二电机位于行星排的同一侧。
混合动力***包括安装座,所述安装座上集成安装有所述的发动机、第一电机、第二电机、行星排和变速箱。
混合动力***具如下工作模式:一、纯电动驱动模式1:发动机不启动,ISG电机不工作,发动机锁止机构锁止,ISG电机锁止机构松开,主驱动电机工作,动力通过主驱动电机输出轴传递给变速箱减速增扭后驱动车辆行驶;二、纯电动驱动模式2:发动机不启动,变速箱为空档,主驱动电机不工作,发动机锁止机构锁止,ISG电机锁止机构松开,ISG电机工作,ISG电机驱动车辆行驶;三、混合驱动模式:发动机锁止机构和ISG电机锁止机构均松开,发动机工作,ISG电机调节发动机转速和扭矩,驱动电机根据整车需求确定是否工作助力;四、发动机直驱模式:发动机锁止机构松开,ISG电机锁止机构锁止,发动机工作,ISG电机不工作,主驱动电机根据整车需求确定是否工作助力;五、制动能量回收模式:发动机不工作,ISG电机不工作,主驱动电机提供制动力,根据不同的制动力需求,变速箱处于不同的档位,主驱动电机变为发电状态,行星排带动主驱动电机进行发电。
本发明车辆的技术方案是:一种车辆,包括混联式混合动力***,混合动力***包括行星排,行星排具有三个动力输入端和一个动力输出端,混合动力***还包括分别与三个动力输入端对应传动相连的发动机、第一电机和第二电机,发动机输出轴、第一电机输出轴和第二电机输出轴三者异轴布置,混合动力***包括用于对发动机对应的动力输入端进行锁止的发动机锁止机构,第一电机和第二电机中的至少一个与行星排相应的动力输入端之间设有变速箱。
所述第一电机为ISG电机,第二电机为主驱动电机,所述变速箱设于主驱动电机与相应的动力输入端之间。
ISG电机的输出轴与相应的动力输入端之间通过ISG电机齿轮啮合传动,混合动力***还包括对ISG电机输出轴或ISG电机齿轮或相应的动力输入端进行锁止的ISG电机锁止机构。
所述发动机输出轴、第一电机输出轴和第二电机输出轴并排布置,所述第一电机和第二电机分设于发动机输出轴的两侧,发动机、第一电机和第二电机位于行星排的同一侧。
混合动力***包括安装座,所述安装座上集成安装有所述的发动机、第一电机、第二电机、行星排和变速箱。
混合动力***具如下工作模式:一、纯电动驱动模式1:发动机不启动,ISG电机不工作,发动机锁止机构锁止,ISG电机锁止机构松开,主驱动电机工作,动力通过主驱动电机输出轴传递给变速箱减速增扭后驱动车辆行驶;二、纯电动驱动模式2:发动机不启动,变速箱为空档,主驱动电机不工作,发动机锁止机构锁止,ISG电机锁止机构松开,ISG电机工作,ISG电机驱动车辆行驶;三、混合驱动模式:发动机锁止机构和ISG电机锁止机构均松开,发动机工作,ISG电机调节发动机转速和扭矩,驱动电机根据整车需求确定是否工作助力;四、发动机直驱模式:发动机锁止机构松开,ISG电机锁止机构锁止,发动机工作,ISG电机不工作,主驱动电机根据整车需求确定是否工作助力;五、制动能量回收模式:发动机不工作,ISG电机不工作,主驱动电机提供制动力,根据不同的制动力需求,变速箱处于不同的档位,主驱动电机变为发电状态,行星排带动主驱动电机进行发电。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明提供的混联式混合动力***,在电机与行星排的相应动力输入端之间设有变速箱,变速箱能够将电机的高转速变为低速,将电机的低扭矩变为高扭矩,增加了电机输入至行星排的扭矩。同时,当设有变速箱的电机处于不工作状态时,可以将变速箱置于空档的位置,使对应的电机不会发生随转而增加动力***的载荷。本发明中发动机锁止机构能够控制发动机对应的行星排动力输入端是否转动。当本发明的混合动力***处于纯电动模式时,其中一个电机为驱动电机时,发动机锁止机构锁止,发动机不会随转,降低能量损失,使驱动电机通过变速箱的降速增扭作用驱动车辆行驶。发动机直驱模式下,发动机锁止机构打开,当发动机输出扭矩较小时,电机通过变速箱驱动助力车辆行驶,发动机输出扭矩正好满足车辆行驶时,电机不工作,当发动机输出扭矩较大时,电机变为发电机,将能量存储在电源中。本发明中,变速箱不仅起到减速增扭的作用,也能够根据车辆实际行驶状况发生改变,适应车辆行驶。
附图说明
图1为本发明车辆实施例中的示意图。
图中,1为发动机,2为扭矩减震器,3为第一锁止机构,4为ISG电机,5为第二锁止机构,6为行星架,7为齿圈,8为太阳轮,9为变速箱,10为主驱动电机,11为集成控制器,12为动力电源,13为后桥。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的实施方式作进一步说明。
本发明的车辆的具体实施例,如图1所示,车辆包括混联式混合动力***和后桥13,后桥13作为传动轴。混联式混合动力***包括行星排,行星排包括太阳轮8、行星架6和齿圈7,在行星架6上安装有行星轮14,行星轮14的外齿同时与齿圈7的内齿和太阳轮8的外齿相啮合。齿圈7连接动力***输出轴15,动力***输出轴15与后桥10相连。由图中可以看出,行星排包括了三个动力输入端,分别为齿圈动力输入端、太阳轮动力输入端和行星架动力输入端,行星排还包括了一个动力输出端,连有动力***输出轴15。
混合动力***还包括发动机1、ISG电机4和主驱动电机10。由图可以看出,发动机1的输出轴、ISG电机4的输出轴和主驱动电机10的输出轴并排布置,与三者同轴布置相比,缩短了混合动力***的图1所示的左右方向的长度,消除了混合动力***尺寸的制约,扩大了混合动力***的适用范围。同时,由于采用了并排布置的方式,ISG电机和主驱动电机均可采用实心轴电机,与现有技术中存在的同轴设置的形式相比,降低了加工难度和加工成本,同时降低了行星排润滑油渗入电机的风险。由图中可以看出,ISG电机4和主驱动电机10分设于发动机1输出轴的两侧,且ISG电机4、发动机1和主驱动电机10均位于行星排的同一侧,进一步缩短了左右方向的长度。
在发动机1的输出轴上连接有行星架传动轴16,行星架6直接安装在行星架传动轴16上,发动机1的输出轴上安装有扭矩减震器2,在行星架传动轴16上设有第一锁止机构3,能够实现对行星架传动轴16的锁止和松开,锁止时,行星架6、行星架传动轴16以及发动机1不能发生转动,松开时,三者可以同时转动,带动行星轮14发生公转。
本实施例中,ISG电机4不仅起到调节发动机输出轴的转速的作用,也能够作为单独的驱动电机使用。ISG电机4的输出轴上连接有ISG电机主动齿轮17,ISG电机主动齿轮17与太阳轮8的外齿啮合传动,动力***还包括用于对主动齿轮17进行锁止和打开的第二锁止机构5。当第二锁止机构5打开时,ISG电机4可以带动太阳轮8进行转动,太阳轮8也可以反向带动ISG电机4转动进行发电。第二锁止机构5锁止时,ISG电机4、ISG电机主动齿轮17和太阳轮8均处于锁止的状态不能发生转动。本实施例中,第二锁止机构5是通过对ISG电机主动齿轮17的锁止实现对三者的控制,在其他实施例中,第二锁止机构5可以设于ISG电机输出轴或太阳轮的外部以对ISG电机或太阳轮进行锁止和松开。通过第二锁止机构5对ISG电机4进行锁止,使得在发动机1直接驱动车辆行驶时,避免发动机1带动行星排转动时,行星排反向驱动ISG电机4进行转动,使***存在机电转换,存在能量的损耗,此时为了正常驱动车辆行驶,需要提高发动机的输出功率,降低了***的整体工作效率。
主驱动电机10的输出轴上连接有变速箱9,本实施例中,变速箱9为两档变速箱,包括了一档、二档和空档。在变速箱9的输出轴上安装有变速箱齿轮18,变速箱齿轮18与齿圈7的外齿进行啮合传动。通过在主驱动电机10的后部设置变速箱9,可以使由主驱动电机10输入行星排的速度降低,扭矩增加,起到了减速增扭的作用。通过设置变速箱9,可以选择输出扭矩较小的主驱动电机10,降低电机成本。通过使变速箱9处于不同的档位使得主驱动电机10与车辆的行驶速度和行驶工况相适配,使主驱动电机10处于高效率区域工作。
工作时,发动机1驱动行星架6转动,带动行星轮进行公转。ISG电机通过ISG电机主动齿轮17与太阳轮8进行齿轮啮合传动,太阳轮8进行自转。由于变速箱9具有空档,工作时,当主驱动电机10处于不工作的状态时,将变速箱9置于空档的位置,行星排不会反向带动主驱动电机10进行转动,避免了主驱动电机10零扭矩转动,减小动力***的输出载荷,提高了动力***的整体工作效率。
本发明中的混合动力***可以实现纯电驱动、混合驱动、发动机直驱、制动能量回收等工作模式,具体如下所述:
1、纯电动驱动模式1:
此模式下,发动机1不启动,ISG电机4不工作,第一锁止机构3锁止,第二锁止机构5打开,主驱动电机10驱动,动力经过变速箱9减速增扭后传动给行星排的齿圈7。
由于第一锁止机构3锁止,行星轮14不能发生公转,齿圈7带动行星轮14自转进而带动太阳轮8进行转动,第二锁止机构5处于打开的位置,太阳轮8会反向带动ISG电机4进行发电。动力***的动力通过齿圈7传递至动力***输出轴15,将动力传递出去。根据不同的车速和工况需求变速箱选择不同的工作档位,使得在满足车辆工况行驶需求的前提下,主驱动电机始终处于高效率区域工作,从而提升***效率。此模式下,ISG电机4会发生随动发电,机械能转换为电能,会有部分的能量损失。
2、纯电动驱动模式2:
此模式下,发动机1不启动,变速箱9为空档,主驱动电机10不工作,第一锁止机构3锁止,第二锁止机构5打开,ISG电机4打开,动力经过ISG输出轴经过齿轮传递到太阳轮8上,带动齿圈7转动,驱动整车行驶。
此模式下由于变速箱9为空档,齿圈7的转动不会带动主驱动电机发生转动,相对于纯电动驱动模式一没有能量的转换,能量损失较小。
3、混合驱动模式:
此模式下,第一锁止机构3和第二锁止机构5均松开,发动机1工作,ISG电机4作为调节电机,根据整车需求调节发动机转速和扭矩使得发动机始终处于高效率区域运行从而提升燃油经济性,同时集成控制器11根据整车需求扭矩确定是否开启主驱动电机10进行助力。
当整车需求扭矩大于发动机提供的扭矩时,主驱动电机10启动输出扭矩驱动车辆;当发动机提供的扭矩能够满足整车需求扭矩时,主驱动电机10不工作,可以将变速箱9置于空档的位置;当发动机提供的扭矩大于整车需求扭矩时,主驱动电机10处于发电模式,将多余的机械能转换为电能存储至动力电源12中。
4、发动机直驱模式:
此模式下,车速较高,发动机1处于高效率区域工作,第一锁止机构3松开,第二锁止机构5锁止ISG电机,使得发动机处于直驱模式,此模式下发动机直接驱动车辆行驶,主驱动电机根据整车需求扭矩情况确定是否助力,此模式相对于混合动力模式取消了ISG电机发电的情况,取消了能量的转换提升了能量利用率。
5、制动能量回收模式
动力***输出轴15与齿圈相连,齿圈与主驱动电机相连,此模式下,发动机不工作,ISG电机不工作,主驱动电机提供制动力,根据不同的制动力需求变速箱处于不同的档位,从而保证充足的制动扭矩,在车辆刹车制动时,回收能量,此时,主驱动电机转换为发电状态,将电能存储至动力电源12中。
本发明中,利用了变速箱和传动齿轮分别对主驱动电机进行减速增扭,大大提高了电动模式和混合动力模式下主驱动电机带动动力***的爬坡性能,***动力性比较好。
发动机输出轴、ISG电机输出轴和主驱动电机输出轴采用并排布置的方式,缩短了动力***的轴向尺寸,消除了后纵置动力***尺寸的制约,扩大了***的适用范围。本实施例中,三个输出轴轴向平行,在其他实施例中,三者可以呈一定的角度分布。
本发明中的混合动力***包括了一个安装座,其中发动机、ISG电机和主驱动电机集成于安装座上,集成式的安装便于与后桥的组合安装。
本实施例中,第一电机为ISG电机,第二电机为主驱动电机,本实施例中,变速箱仅设置在主驱动电机与行星排之间,在其他实施例中,可以在ISG电机与行星排之间也设置变速箱。本实施例中,第一锁止机构即为发动机锁止机构,第二锁止机构即为ISG电机锁止机构。
本发明混联式混合动力***的具体实施例,混联式混合动力***的结构与上述实施例的结构一致,其内容在此不再赘述。
Claims (12)
1.一种混联式混合动力***,包括行星排,行星排具有三个动力输入端和一个动力输出端,混合动力***还包括分别与三个动力输入端对应传动相连的发动机、第一电机和第二电机,发动机输出轴、第一电机输出轴和第二电机输出轴三者异轴布置,混合动力***包括用于对发动机对应的动力输入端进行锁止的发动机锁止机构,其特征在于:第一电机和第二电机中的至少一个与行星排相应的动力输入端之间设有变速箱。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混联式混合动力***,其特征在于:所述第一电机为ISG电机,第二电机为主驱动电机,所述变速箱设于主驱动电机与相应的动力输入端之间。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混联式混合动力***,其特征在于:ISG电机的输出轴与相应的动力输入端之间通过ISG电机齿轮啮合传动,混合动力***还包括对ISG电机输出轴或ISG电机齿轮或相应的动力输入端进行锁止的ISG电机锁止机构。
4.根据权利要求1所述的混联式混合动力***,其特征在于:所述发动机输出轴、第一电机输出轴和第二电机输出轴并排布置,所述第一电机和第二电机分设于发动机输出轴的两侧,发动机、第一电机和第二电机位于行星排的同一侧。
5.根据权利要求1~4任意一项所述的混联式混合动力***,其特征在于:混合动力***包括安装座,所述安装座上集成安装有所述的发动机、第一电机、第二电机、行星排和变速箱。
6.根据权利要求3所述的混联式混合动力***,其特征在于:混合动力***具有如下工作模式:一、纯电动驱动模式1:发动机不启动,ISG电机不工作,发动机锁止机构锁止,ISG电机锁止机构松开,主驱动电机工作,动力通过主驱动电机输出轴传递给变速箱减速增扭后驱动车辆行驶;二、纯电动驱动模式2:发动机不启动,变速箱为空档,主驱动电机不工作,发动机锁止机构锁止,ISG电机锁止机构松开,ISG电机工作,ISG电机驱动车辆行驶;三、混合驱动模式:发动机锁止机构和ISG电机锁止机构均松开,发动机工作,ISG电机调节发动机转速和扭矩,驱动电机根据整车需求确定是否工作助力;四、发动机直驱模式:发动机锁止机构松开,ISG电机锁止机构锁止,发动机工作,ISG电机不工作,主驱动电机根据整车需求确定是否工作助力;五、制动能量回收模式:发动机不工作,ISG电机不工作,主驱动电机提供制动力,根据不同的制动力需求,变速箱处于不同的档位,车辆制动时带动主驱动电机转动进行发电。
7.一种车辆,包括混联式混合动力***,混合动力***包括行星排,行星排具有三个动力输入端和一个动力输出端,混合动力***还包括分别与三个动力输入端对应传动相连的发动机、第一电机和第二电机,发动机输出轴、第一电机输出轴和第二电机输出轴三者异轴布置,混合动力***包括用于对发动机对应的动力输入端进行锁止的发动机锁止机构,其特征在于:第一电机和第二电机中的至少一个与行星排相应的动力输入端之间设有变速箱。
8.根据权利要求7所述的车辆,其特征在于:所述第一电机为ISG电机,第二电机为主驱动电机,所述变速箱设于主驱动电机与相应的动力输入端之间。
9.根据权利要求8所述的车辆,其特征在于:ISG电机的输出轴与相应的动力输入端之间通过ISG电机齿轮啮合传动,混合动力***还包括对ISG电机输出轴或ISG电机齿轮或相应的动力输入端进行锁止的ISG电机锁止机构。
10.根据权利要求7所述的车辆,其特征在于:所述发动机输出轴、第一电机输出轴和第二电机输出轴并排布置,所述第一电机和第二电机分设于发动机输出轴的两侧,发动机、第一电机和第二电机位于行星排的同一侧。
11.根据权利要求7~10任意一项所述的车辆,其特征在于:混合动力***包括安装座,所述安装座上集成安装有所述的发动机、第一电机、第二电机、行星排和变速箱。
12.根据权利要求9所述的车辆,其特征在于:混合动力***具有如下工作模式:一、纯电动驱动模式1:发动机不启动,ISG电机不工作,发动机锁止机构锁止,ISG电机锁止机构松开,主驱动电机工作,动力通过主驱动电机输出轴传递给变速箱减速增扭后驱动车辆行驶;二、纯电动驱动模式2:发动机不启动,变速箱为空档,主驱动电机不工作,发动机锁止机构锁止,ISG电机锁止机构松开,ISG电机工作,ISG电机驱动车辆行驶;三、混合驱动模式:发动机锁止机构和ISG电机锁止机构均松开,发动机工作,ISG电机调节发动机转速和扭矩,驱动电机根据整车需求确定是否工作助力;四、发动机直驱模式:发动机锁止机构松开,ISG电机锁止机构锁止,发动机工作,ISG电机不工作,主驱动电机根据整车需求确定是否工作助力;发动机直驱模式:发动机锁止机构松开,ISG电机锁止机构锁止,发动机工作,ISG电机不工作,主驱动电机根据整车需求确定是否工作助力;五、制动能量回收模式:发动机不工作,ISG电机不工作,主驱动电机提供制动力,根据不同的制动力需求,变速箱处于不同的档位,车辆制动时带动主驱动电机转动进行发电。
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WO2018228273A1 (zh) | 2018-12-20 |
EP3640068A4 (en) | 2020-05-06 |
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