CN109079255A - A kind of ultrasonic vibration assists the system and application method of efficient gear hobbing process - Google Patents
A kind of ultrasonic vibration assists the system and application method of efficient gear hobbing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN109079255A CN109079255A CN201810942622.4A CN201810942622A CN109079255A CN 109079255 A CN109079255 A CN 109079255A CN 201810942622 A CN201810942622 A CN 201810942622A CN 109079255 A CN109079255 A CN 109079255A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F1/00—Making gear teeth by tools of which the profile matches the profile of the required surface
- B23F1/06—Making gear teeth by tools of which the profile matches the profile of the required surface by milling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
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Abstract
The invention discloses the systems that a kind of ultrasonic vibration assists efficient gear hobbing process, including piezoelectric actuator, interior serrated knife, outer serrated knife, cutter workbench, the first connector, vibration amplitude transformer and cutterhead；First connector is connect with cutter workbench；The vibration amplitude transformer is inlaid in the first connector, the cutter workbench is connect to drive vibration amplitude transformer movement with vibration amplitude transformer by the first connector, described vibration amplitude transformer one end is embedded in the first connector, the other end is equipped with cutterhead, cutterhead is respectively arranged with serrated knife and an outer serrated knife of circle in a circle at different-diameter, the vibration amplitude transformer is equipped with piezoelectric actuator, and the piezoelectric actuator is connect with supersonic generator.The application method of this system and this system can improve excision efficiency, the service life of cutter and the surface quality of workpiece of material, can synchronize the Roughing and fine machining for realizing gear.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Gear Processing field, the system for assisting efficient gear hobbing process more particularly to a kind of ultrasonic vibration.
Background technique
A kind of effective method of the gear hobbing as processing gear, as shown in Figure 1, serrated knife 32 and outer in being installed on cutterhead
Serrated knife 31, in the relative movement of cutter and workpiece gear 33 for processing a tooth, interior serrated knife 32 processes the inner tines of tooth
Shape, outer serrated knife 31 process the outside tooth form of tooth, form the Continuous maching of tooth, have been widely used for all kinds of bevel gear makings.But
It is traditional gear hobbing process, tool wear is very fast, and workpiece surface quality is lower, and gear after gear hobbing process is needed using grinding
The fine-processing techniques such as tooth, roll flute, processing efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to solve above-mentioned technical problem at least to a certain extent.For this purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of cutter mill
Damage the system that small, workpiece surface quality is high and efficient ultrasonic vibration assists efficient gear hobbing process.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of efficient gear hobbing process of ultrasonic vibration auxiliary
System, including piezoelectric actuator, interior serrated knife, outer serrated knife, cutter workbench, the first connector, vibration amplitude transformer and cutterhead；
First connector is connect with cutter workbench；The vibration amplitude transformer is inlaid in the first connector, the cutter work
Platform is connect to drive vibration amplitude transformer movement, vibration amplitude transformer one end insertion with vibration amplitude transformer by the first connector
First connector, the other end are equipped with cutterhead, and cutterhead is respectively arranged with serrated knife and a circle external tooth in a circle at different-diameter
Knife, the vibration amplitude transformer are equipped with piezoelectric actuator, the vibration displacement that the vibration amplitude transformer can generate piezoelectric actuator
It is amplified with speed, and the vibration of axial direction-bending-twisted coupling can be generated, the piezoelectric actuator is and supersonic generator
Connection.
Further, first connector is provided with the inner cavity that section is polygon；In the vibration amplitude transformer is inserted into
In chamber；The vibration amplitude transformer includes the cooperation positioning section set gradually in order, the first actuator construction section, the second connection
Part construction section, the second actuator construction section, third connector construction section and cutterhead construction section, the piezoelectric actuator include
First piezoelectric actuator and the second piezoelectric actuator；The cooperation positioning section and cutterhead construction section are located at vibration amplitude transformer two
End, the cooperation positioning section are connected with intracavity bottom cooperation, and the cutterhead construction section is for installing cutterhead；First piezoelectricity
Actuator setting there are two and position be relatively mounted on the first actuator construction section, the second connector construction section with
Second connector is installed to transmit torque between interior cavity wall；There are two the second piezoelectric actuator settings and position phase
It is mounted on the second actuator construction section over the ground, two first piezoelectric actuators and two the second piezoelectric actuator crosses are handed over
Fork setting；The third connector construction section is provided with the first groove, and is equipped between first groove and interior cavity outer wall
Three connectors, the third connector are fixedly connected with the first connector, and the outer ring in third connector section is and inner cavity
Matched polygon, third connector section inner ring are circle, and the third connector construction section is provided with around axis
It is uniformly distributed and angularly disposed recess hole.
Further, the intracavity section is regular hexagon, second connector section inner ring and the installation of the second connector
Section section is octagon, and second connector is provided with corresponding bolt hole with the first connector to be bolted
It fixes and pre-tightens, the first washer being adapted to is installed between second connector and the second connector construction section, described second
Connector is provided with gap, and the gap is equipped with the second gasket, second gasket one end and the first washer contacts,
The other end is contacted with the first connector.
Further, the recess hole is provided with two groups, and there are four every group of recess hole settings and is uniformly distributed around axis, institute
It states the first groove and third connector is correspondingly arranged and is arranged there are two and along axis interval.
Further, the intracavity bottom is provided with circular groove, and third gasket, the third are equipped at circular groove
Gasket outer end is provided with cone-shaped groove, and the cooperation positioning section matches with cone-shaped groove and is inserted into that be mounted on cone recessed
In slot.
Further, the second connector construction section and the second actuator construction section form a multi-diameter shaft, the first actuating
Device construction section is sequentially reduced to the second actuator construction section diameter, and second piezoelectric actuator outer ring is provided with circlip, described
Circlip is provided with step, the step and the second connector construction section composition energy close to the periphery of the second connector construction section
The second groove with the second connector of installation.
Further, the node of vibration mode and the second connector of the vibration amplitude transformer and the position weight of two third connectors
It closes.
The present invention also provides the application methods for the system that efficient gear hobbing process is assisted based on above-mentioned ultrasonic vibration, and step is such as
Under:
Step 1: the system that the ultrasonic vibration assists efficient gear hobbing process is assemblied in machining tool, so that toolsmith
Feeding processing can be completed under the driving of machine power system by making platform；
Step 2: control cutter working table movement drives cutter tooth to process workpiece, while starting ultrasonic wave
Device realizes the vibration of axial direction-bending-twisted coupling, so that cutter tooth under the supersonic frequency electric energy excitation that sonotrode provides
On cutting depth direction and direction of rotation, realization contacts processing and non-processing loop cycle with workpiece.When cutter tooth is processed,
Processed first with lower cutting depth and revolving speed, when be completely secured in processing cutter tooth and work pieces process with it is non-processing
Loop cycle after, first improve revolving speed, then improve cutting depth, and by the supersonic frequency of piezoelectric actuator improve, improve unit
Material removal amount in time improves excision efficiency, when the machining surplus of a cutter tooth is smaller, reduces cutting depth,
It is finished again.
Further, in the step 2, the interior serrated knife of workpieces processing and the cutting edge of outer serrated knife are according to system claimed below
It makes:
One, the tooth form system that the outside cutting edge of serrated knife is required according to Precision Machining in processing gear
It makes, the inside cutting edge of serrated knife requires to manufacture according to roughing tooth form in processing gear；
Two, the tooth form system that sword is required according to Precision Machining is cut in the outer serrated knife inside cutting of processing gear
It makes, requires to manufacture according to roughing tooth form in the outside cutting edge of the outer serrated knife of processing gear.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: improving cutting for material with twisting vibration by the axial direction that piezoelectric actuator generates
Except efficiency, the surface quality in the service life of cutter and workpiece, the Roughing and fine machining for realizing gear can be synchronized, can be used for processing all kinds of
Bevel gear, the gear after ensure that gear hobbing process not shake using fine-processing techniques such as gear lapping, roll flutes, and by ultrasound
Workpiece surface roughness, residual stress and the form accuracy of dynamic auxiliary processing can reach the technical requirements of gear.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is gear hobbing process bevel gear schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the first connector, the attachment structure schematic diagram for vibrating amplitude transformer；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram for vibrating amplitude transformer；
Fig. 4 is the first connector, the second connector, the connection cross-sectional view for vibrating amplitude transformer；
Fig. 5 is vibration luffing rod twisting disresonance vibration production principle；
Fig. 6 is interior serrated knife structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is outer serrated knife structural schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to Fig. 2 to Fig. 5, the system that a kind of ultrasonic vibration of the invention assists efficient gear hobbing process, including it is piezoelectric actuated
Device, interior serrated knife, outer serrated knife, cutter workbench, the first connector 1, vibration amplitude transformer 2 and cutterhead 3；First connector 1 with
The connection of cutter workbench；This system is in use, cutter workbench can be connect to realize processing with the dynamical system of lathe.
The vibration amplitude transformer 2 is inlaid in the first connector 1, and the cutter workbench passes through the first connector 1 and vibration
To drive vibration amplitude transformer 2 to move, described 2 one end of vibration amplitude transformer is embedded in the first connector 1, the other end for the dynamic connection of amplitude transformer 2
Cutterhead 3 is installed, cutterhead 3 is respectively arranged with serrated knife and an outer serrated knife of circle, the vibration amplitude transformer in a circle at different-diameter
2 are equipped with piezoelectric actuator, and the vibration amplitude transformer 2 can put the vibration displacement and speed that piezoelectric actuator generates
Greatly, and the vibration of axial direction-bending-twisted coupling can be generated, the piezoelectric actuator is connect with supersonic generator, the pressure
Electric actuator includes the first piezoelectric actuator 4 and the second piezoelectric actuator 6.
Specifically to introduce the structure of vibration amplitude transformer 2 and the first connector 1 below with reference to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.
First connector, 1 material is potassium steel, and the first connector 1 is fixedly connected with machine tool workbench, cutter work
Cutter spindle is provided on platform, cutter spindle is connect with vibration amplitude transformer.Feeding, movement and the knife of machine tool workbench
The rotation of tool main shaft drives the cutterhead 3 in vibration amplitude transformer 2 to process workpiece.Specifically, cutter spindle rotates, driving
It vibrates the rotation of amplitude transformer 2 and cutterhead 3 rotates；Other directions of machining of bevel gears move, and are determined by the movement of cutter workbench
Fixed, the relative motion of cutter workbench and workpiece workbench meets the machining path requirement of machining of bevel gears.
First connector 1 is provided with inner cavity 11, and inner cavity 11 extends along its outer ring axis.Vibration amplitude transformer 2 is inserted into
In inner cavity 11, axis is overlapped with the axis of 1 outer ring of the first connector or inner cavity 11.The section of inner cavity 11 is polygon, is used for
Transmitting and receiving torsional moment, it is preferable that 11 section of inner cavity is regular hexagon, when one timing of external condition can keep it just
Property it is maximum.
The material of the vibration amplitude transformer 2 uses titanium alloy, and material loss is few in working frequency, and fatigue resistance is high, sound
Unit area impedance is small, can bear biggish vibration velocity and displacement amplitude.The vibration amplitude transformer 2 of stairstepping is at the abrupt change of cross-section
There is very big stress to concentrate, the problem of being broken because of fatigue is easy to happen close at mutation, therefore uses Gaussian curve at mutation
And circular arc, cone line transition, it can reduce stress lumped values, while making the close reason of the actual resonance frequency for vibrating amplitude transformer 2
By value.
Vibration amplitude transformer 2 includes cooperation positioning section 21, the first actuator construction section 22, second set gradually in order
Connector construction section 23, the second actuator construction section 24, third connector construction section 25 and cutterhead construction section 26.First causes
Dynamic device construction section 22, the second actuator construction section 24, third connector construction section 25 and cutterhead construction section 26 are in cylinder
Shape.The cooperation positioning section 21 and cutterhead construction section 26 are located at vibration 2 both ends of amplitude transformer, and cutterhead construction section 26 is for installing knife
Disk 3, cutterhead 3 are mounted at the outer end of cutterhead construction section 26, and 3 installation place of cutterhead is the amplitude maximum for vibrating amplitude transformer.Institute
It states cooperation positioning section 21 to be connected with the cooperation of 11 bottom of inner cavity, it is preferable that 11 bottom of inner cavity is provided with circular groove, round
Groove is equipped with third gasket 12, and 12 outer end of third gasket is provided with cone-shaped groove, and the cooperation positioning section 21 is
It cone and is matched with cone-shaped groove, the taper of circular cone is 1:12, and the cooperation insertion of positioning section 21 is mounted on cone-shaped groove
It is interior, cooperate positioning section 21 and third gasket 12 for transmitting and bearing axial load, third gasket material be glass fibre with
PET is formed according to sandwich of layers structure composite, and centre is PET, and inside and outside is glass fibre.
The first actuator construction section 22 is specially cylindrical body, and the first actuator construction section 22 is equipped with a pair of of position
The first opposite piezoelectric actuator 4, two the first piezoelectric actuators 4 are positioned close to the end of the second connector construction section 23
Place and it is spaced setting upwards in X, the first piezoelectric actuator 4 is bolted in the first actuator construction section 22, the first piezoelectricity
Actuator 4 is for realizing the resonance bending vibration for vibrating amplitude transformer.
Second connector 5 is installed to transmit torque between the second connector construction section 23 and 11 inner wall of inner cavity, passes
The mode of torque delivery has very much, and spline connection transmitting can be used, this implementation preferably, torsion is transmitted using polyhedron connection
Square, the outer ring in 5 section of the second connector be with the matched polygon in inner cavity 11, the 5 section inner ring of the second connector and
Second connector construction section, 23 section is the polygon being mutually matched, section be it is non-circular, torque can be transmitted.Described second connects
Fitting 5 is fixedly connected with the first connector 1, it is preferable that the 5 section inner ring of the second connector and the second connector construction section
23 sections are octagon, and the section outer ring of the second connector 5 is regular hexagon.Further, the second connector 5 and first connects
The connection type of fitting 1 is preferably that second connector 5 is provided with corresponding bolt hole with the first connector 1 to pass through
It is bolted fixed and pre-tightens, there are three bolt specifically be arranged, the bolt hole of the second connector 5 is blind hole, and described second connects
The first washer 8 being adapted to is installed between part 5 and the second connector construction section 23.First washer, 8 section is octagon,
It is formed by glass fibre and PET according to sandwich of layers structure composite, centre is PET, and inside and outside is glass fibre, has high resiliency mould
It measures and there is certain lubricating action to be not likely to produce fatigue rupture during vibrating amplitude transformer reversed torsion.
Second connector 5 is provided with gap, and the gap is equipped with the second gasket 9, second gasket 9
One end is contacted with the first washer 8, and the other end is contacted with the first connector 1, specifically, as shown in figure 4, second gasket 9 is cut
Face shape is spliced on the contrary by two right-angle folding shape blocks directions, and stitching portion has certain circular arc and angle.Work as spiral shell in this way
When bolt is provided to central pressing power, the close connection between all parts is kept.And second gasket 9 have damping property,
Can vibration isolation, i.e., will vibration luffing vibration of bar be isolated with platen, likewise, preventing the vibration of machine tool mobile station
Dynamic interference vibration luffing vibration of bar.
Second actuator construction section, 24 diameter of axle is about the 1/3 of the first actuator construction section 22, the second actuator installation
Section 24 is equipped with a pair of second piezoelectric actuator 6, and the second piezoelectric actuator 6 is spaced setting, the second piezoelectric actuator 6 in Z-direction
For realizing the vibration of the axial resonance of vibration amplitude transformer, two first piezoelectric actuators 4 and two it is second piezoelectric actuated
6 right-angled intersection of device setting, and crosspoint is on axis.Preferably, the second connector construction section 23 and the second actuator
Construction section 24 forms a multi-diameter shaft, and first the 22 to the second actuator of actuator construction section construction section, 24 diameter is sequentially reduced, the
Two actuator construction sections 24 are arranged at intervals with a pair of for installing the second piezoelectric actuator 6 and matching installation upwards in Z
Groove.After second piezoelectric actuator 6 installs installation groove, outer ring is provided with circlip 61 and is fixedly clamped, and the circlip 61 leans on
The periphery of nearly second connector construction section 23 is provided with step, and the step surface is installed in regular hexahedron and with the second connector
23 composition of section can Matching installation the second connectors 5 the second groove, such second connector 5 some be mounted on circlip 61
Step on, be equivalent to and be fixedly clamped to circlip 61, so that the second piezoelectric actuator 6 is fixed more firm, and block
The step of spring 61 has position-limiting action to the second connector 5 again.
The third connector construction section 25 is provided with the first groove 251, first groove 251 and 11 outer wall of inner cavity
Between third connector 7 is installed, the third connector 7 is fixedly connected with the first connector 1, and the third connector 7 is cut
The outer ring in face be with the matched polygon in inner cavity 11, i.e. regular hexagon, be provided between third connector 7 and the first groove 251
Rounded washers.Above-mentioned second connector 5, third connector 7, the first washer 8, the second gasket 9, rounded washers and circlip 61
It is made of the material of high elastic modulus, is clamped by deformation into vibration amplitude transformer 2.
The 7 section inner ring of third connector is circle, it is preferable that first groove 251 and third connector 7 are right
It should be arranged and be arranged there are two and along axis interval.The third connector construction section 25 is provided with to be uniformly distributed and tiltedly around axis
To the recess hole 252 of setting, the recess hole 252 is provided with two groups, and there are four every group of settings of recess hole 252 and equal around axis
Even distribution.252 length of recess hole is consistent with the length of third connector construction section 25, and recess hole 252 and the angle of axis are
30 degree.
Wherein, the node of vibration mode and the second connector 5 of the vibration amplitude transformer 2 and the position weight of two third connectors 7
It closes, cutterhead 3 is mounted at the bending vibration amplitude maximum of vibration amplitude transformer end.When installation, the second connector 5 and wherein one
A third connector 7 rotates 180 °, and differential seat angle is 180 ° between two third connectors 7, mainly reduce as far as possible due to
Unbalance dynamic quality caused by installation connecting element.
In the present embodiment, the junction of different sections is all made of optimal arc transition, the radius R of arc transition2By connecting
Locate the equivalent diameter D of adjacent two sections of cross sections, length L, D2, length L2 and vibration amplification coefficient N, reference and optimum transfer circle
Arc radius and the relationship of amplification coefficient N part determine.Determine step: radius of corner R2, size determine step are as follows:
Step 1: foundationFind out N value；
Step 2: foundationFind out A value；
Third step checks the relation table between horn,stepped optimum transfer arc radius and N, obtains β value；
4th step finds out R3 value according to R3=β D1；
Wherein D1 is the equivalent diameter of hexagonal prisms section cross section, and L1 is hexagonal prisms segment length, and D2 is changeover portion middle position
Cross section equivalent diameter, L2 is transition section length, and N is amplification coefficient.
Reach good effect for the vibrational energy at cutterhead and guarantees the transmitting of axial vibration as far as possible, described the
Two actuator construction sections 24 are described to being disposed with extended segment 27 and intermediate shaft part 28 between third connector construction section 25
Intermediate shaft part 28 diameter in entirely vibration amplitude transformer is maximum, and the length of extended segment 27 and intermediate shaft part 28 is with specific reference to reality
Demand is adjusted.When bearing alternating force, driving vibration amplitude transformer 2 is done twist motion by part power, due to recess hole 252
Structure, the torsion stiffness of third connector construction section 25 have narrowed down to the 1/8 of the torsion stiffness of extended segment 27 hereinafter, facilitating
Twisting vibration is generated, while axial rigidity also becomes smaller for generating axial vibration.
Linkage section 29, the linkage section 29 are provided between the third connector construction section 25 and cutterhead construction section 26
Outer ring extends curve and is Gaussian curve and gradually becomes smaller from third connector construction section 25 to 26 diameter of cutterhead construction section.Mainly
For axial vibration and bending vibration to be reached very high vibration velocity, meet in efficient roughing, all kinds of circles of finishing
High vibration rate request when stud wheel makes it have faster vibration velocity within certain vibration period, improves workpiece
Surface quality, including surface roughness and residual stress etc..
First piezoelectric actuator 4 and the second piezoelectric actuator 6 are connect with supersonic generator by electric wire respectively,
Vibration frequency signal passes through wireless transmitter and wireless receiver transmitting, and is coded and decoded by coding mechanism, piezoelectricity
Actuator is specially ultrasonic transducer, and the supersonic frequency electric energy that supersonic generator generates is converted into the mechanical energy of ultrasonic vibration.
The present invention can select the carry out secondary process of three kinds of oscillatory types according to different process requirements, be specifically divided into ultrasonic axis
To-twisted coupling vibration, ultrasonic bending-twisted coupling vibration and ultrasound axial direction-bending-twisted coupling vibration.
Vibration amplitude transformer 2 is for amplifying vibration displacement and speed that piezoelectric actuator generates, and by ultrasonic energy
It is gathered on lesser area, machining tool.Amplitude transformer 2 is vibrated under the incentive action of a pair of second piezoelectric actuator 6, it is real
Show axial and twisted coupling to vibrate；The end transition position for vibrating amplitude transformer uses Gaussian curve transition, vibrates horizontal in amplitude transformer
Lesser one section of the diameter of sectional area is about the 1/3 of one section be relatively large in diameter, and cross-sectional area is about cross section compared with segment length
The big segment length 1/2 of product, this is to reduce oscillation crosswise to improve the bending stiffness that gear hobbing process vibrates amplitude transformer in the process
Caused cutter deviates scheduled path, and avoid that the cutter when cutter is never cut and retracted on the material fallen bumps against workpiece can
It can property；Principle using Gaussian curve transition is that the amplitude transformer of Gaussian curve transition can generate higher displacement first, can
The relatively large cutterhead of oscillating mass meets the transversal requirement towards the cross section transition compared with small area of larger area.First pressure
Electric actuator 4 generates the bending vibration shape, knife of the bending vibration shape on vibration 2 end cutterhead of amplitude transformer for excited vibration amplitude transformer 2
Tooth is shown with the whirling vibration in a direction, due to the movement rail of serrated knife interior in gear hobbing process and outer serrated knife opposite piece
Mark is different, and outer serrated knife and interior serrated knife generate periodically processing and non-processing circulation within the excited vibration period, i.e., interior
When a direction machining workpieces of the serrated knife in Energizing cycle, outer serrated knife is non-contact workpieces processing in the same direction
, this contributes to gear hobbing process bevel gear.
X herein is to the up and down direction for the visual angle Fig. 2, and Y-direction is to vibrate the axis direction of amplitude transformer 2, and Z-direction is to regard with Fig. 2
The vertical direction of angle plane, X, Y, Z are orthogonal, and the second piezoelectric actuator 6 in Fig. 2 is intended merely in Z-direction in fact
It shows in Fig. 2 and puts in this way.
Amplitude transformer is vibrated under the action of a pair second piezoelectric actuator 6 of the z to arrangement, axial vibration is generated, in point of a knife
On embodied with the direction y, i.e. the thickness of cutting direction of machining.Amplitude transformer is vibrated when by cutting force, due to cutting
The vibration of process causes thickness of cutting variation, results in the alternating variation of cutting force, and third connector construction section 25 is cut
After cutting power, as shown in figure 5, the effect due to recess hole 252 changes the transmission path of cutting force, cutting force will cause vibration
The twist motion of amplitude transformer, the cutting force of alternate change cause the reversed torsion campaign of vibration amplitude transformer, realize disresonance
Twisting vibration.The amplification of third connector construction section 25 and linkage section 29 is passed through in axial direction and twisting vibration, is formed in point of a knife
Faster y is to vibration velocity and amplitude.
Ultrasonic vibration can generate ultrasonic cavitation, i.e., the change of cutter and air pressure at material, makes in cutting process
Cutting fluid can be more deep penetrate into its contact position, further decrease the temperature of workpiece and tool contact area, improve
Workpiece surface quality and cutter life.In the axial direction, under certain wire pulling method speed, with relatively low axial direction
Vibration velocity carries out processing, and to help further to be lifted at processing in the period bad with following for not process-cycle.
The present invention also provides a kind of application method of system for assisting efficient gear hobbing process based on the ultrasonic vibration,
Steps are as follows:
Step 1: the system that the ultrasonic vibration assists efficient gear hobbing process is assemblied in machining tool, so that toolsmith
Feeding processing can be completed under the driving of machine power system by making platform；
Step 2: control cutter working table movement drives cutter tooth to process workpiece, while starting ultrasonic wave
Device realizes the vibration of axial direction-bending-twisted coupling, so that cutter tooth under the supersonic frequency electric energy excitation that sonotrode provides
On cutting depth direction and direction of rotation, realization contacts processing and non-processing loop cycle with workpiece.The step 2
In, it is deep with lower cutting first to meet the requirement for realizing higher processing efficiency with faster revolving speed when cutter tooth is processed
Degree and revolving speed are processed, and after cutter tooth and work pieces process have been completely secured in processing with non-processing loop cycle, are first improved
Revolving speed, then cutting depth is improved, and the supersonic frequency of piezoelectric actuator is improved, the material removal amount in the unit time is improved,
Excision efficiency is improved, when the machining surplus of a cutter tooth is smaller, reduces cutting depth, then finished.Thus
Gear after ensure that gear hobbing process not pass through the fine-processing techniques such as gear lapping, roll flute, and add by ultrasonic vibration auxiliary
Workpiece surface roughness, residual stress and the form accuracy of work can reach the technical requirements of gear.
As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, interior serrated knife 32 and outer serrated knife 31 are respectively provided with outside cutting edge and inside cutting edge.
When ultrasonic vibration assists gear hobbing process, by the cutting edge of the interior serrated knife and outer serrated knife that are mounted on cutterhead according to claimed below
Manufacture:
One, it is required in the outside cutting edge 322 for processing serrated knife in gear according to Precision Machining
Tooth form manufacture, the inside cutting edge 321 of serrated knife is according to roughing tooth form in processing gear
It is required that manufacture；
Two, cut what sword 312 was required according to Precision Machining in the outer serrated knife inside cutting of processing gear
Tooth form manufacture is processing the outside cutting edge 311 of the outer serrated knife of gear according to roughing tooth
Shape requires manufacture.
Realization finishing and roughing can be synchronized according to such cutting edge for requiring arrangement, is reduced other non-processing
Time further increases processing efficiency.
Axial direction that the present invention is generated by piezoelectric actuator and twisting vibration improve the excision efficiency of material, cutter
The surface quality in service life and workpiece can synchronize the Roughing and fine machining for realizing gear, can be used for processing all kinds of bevel gears, ensure that
Gear after gear hobbing process should not be using fine-processing techniques such as gear lapping, roll flutes, and the work Jing Guo ultrasonic vibration secondary process
Part surface roughness, residual stress and form accuracy can reach the technical requirements of gear.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and is not intended to limit it, all without departing from this hair
Any modification of bright spirit and scope or equivalent replacement, shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the system that a kind of ultrasonic vibration assists efficient gear hobbing process, it is characterised in that: including piezoelectric actuator, cutter, cutter
Workbench, the first connector (1), vibration amplitude transformer (2) and cutterhead (3)；
First connector (1) connect with cutter workbench；
The vibration amplitude transformer (2) is inlaid in the first connector (1), the cutter workbench by the first connector (1) with
To drive vibration amplitude transformer (2) movement, the vibration amplitude transformer (2) one end is embedded in the first connector for vibration amplitude transformer (2) connection
(1), the other end is equipped with cutterhead (3), and cutterhead (3) is respectively arranged with serrated knife and an outer serrated knife of circle in a circle at different-diameter,
The piezoelectric actuator is mounted in vibration amplitude transformer (2), the vibration that vibration amplitude transformer (2) can generate piezoelectric actuator
Displacement and speed amplify, and can generate the vibration of axial direction-bending-twisted coupling, and the piezoelectric actuator is sent out with ultrasonic wave
Raw device connection.
2. the system that ultrasonic vibration according to claim 1 assists efficient gear hobbing process, it is characterised in that: described first connects
Fitting (1) is provided with the inner cavity (11) that section is polygon；The vibration amplitude transformer (2) is inserted into inner cavity (11)；The vibration
Dynamic amplitude transformer (2) include the cooperation positioning section (21) set gradually in order, the first actuator construction section (22), the second connector
Construction section (23), the second actuator construction section (24), third connector construction section (25) and cutterhead construction section (26), the pressure
Electric actuator includes the first piezoelectric actuator (4) and the second piezoelectric actuator (6)；
The cooperation positioning section (21) and cutterhead construction section (26) are located at vibration amplitude transformer (2) both ends, the cooperation positioning section
(21) it is connected with the cooperation of inner cavity (11) bottom, the cutterhead construction section (26) is for installing cutterhead (3)；
There are two first piezoelectric actuator (4) settings and position is relatively mounted on the first actuator construction section (22),
Second connector (5) is installed to transmit torque between the second connector construction section (23) and inner cavity (11) inner wall；
Second piezoelectric actuator (6) setting there are two and position be relatively mounted on the second actuator construction section (24), two
A first piezoelectric actuator (4) is arranged with two the second piezoelectric actuator (6) right-angled intersections；
The third connector construction section (25) is provided with the first groove (251), and first groove (251) and inner cavity (11) are outside
It is equipped between wall third connector (7), the third connector (7) is fixedly connected with the first connector (1), and the third connects
The outer ring in fitting (7) section be with inner cavity (11) matched polygon, third connector (7) the section inner ring be circle, institute
It states third connector construction section (25) and is provided with and be uniformly distributed around axis and angularly disposed recess hole (252).
3. the system that ultrasonic vibration according to claim 2 assists efficient gear hobbing process, it is characterised in that: described second connects
The outer ring in fitting (5) section is and inner cavity (11) matched polygon, the second connector (5) section inner ring and the second connection
Part construction section (23) section is the polygon being mutually matched, and second connector (5) is fixedly connected with the first connector (1).
4. the system that ultrasonic vibration according to claim 3 assists efficient gear hobbing process, it is characterised in that: the inner cavity
(11) section is regular hexagon, and the second connector (5) section inner ring and second connector construction section (23) section are positive eight
Side shape, it is fixed and pre- to be bolted that second connector (5) with the first connector (1) is provided with corresponding bolt hole
Tightly, the first washer (8) being adapted to is installed between second connector (5) and the second connector construction section (23), described
Two connectors (5) are provided with gap, and the gap is equipped with the second gasket (9), described second gasket (9) one end and first
Washer (8) contact, the other end are contacted with the first connector (1).
5. the system that ultrasonic vibration according to claim 2 assists efficient gear hobbing process, it is characterised in that: the recess hole
(252) be provided with two groups, every group of recess hole (252) setting there are four and be uniformly distributed around axis, first groove (251) and
Third connector (7) is correspondingly arranged to be arranged there are two and along axis interval.
6. the system that ultrasonic vibration according to claim 2 assists efficient gear hobbing process, it is characterised in that: the inner cavity
(11) bottom is provided with circular groove, is equipped at circular groove third gasket (12), third gasket (12) the outer end setting
There is cone-shaped groove, the cooperation positioning section (21), which matches and is inserted into cone-shaped groove, to be mounted in cone-shaped groove.
7. the system that ultrasonic vibration according to claim 2 assists efficient gear hobbing process, it is characterised in that: described second connects
Fitting construction section (23) and the second actuator construction section (24) form a multi-diameter shaft, the first actuator construction section (22) to second
Actuator construction section (24) diameter is sequentially reduced, and the second piezoelectric actuator (6) outer ring is provided with circlip (61), the circlip
(61) periphery of the second connector construction section (23) is provided with step, the step and second connector construction section (23) group
At the second groove of energy the second connector of Matching installation (5).
8. the system that ultrasonic vibration according to claim 5 assists efficient gear hobbing process, it is characterised in that: the vibration becomes
The node of vibration mode of width bar (2) is overlapped with the position of the second connector (5) and two third connectors (7).
9. the application method of the system of efficient gear hobbing process is assisted based on the ultrasonic vibration of any one of claim 1 to 8, it is special
Sign is, includes the following steps:
Step 1: the system that the ultrasonic vibration assists efficient gear hobbing process is assemblied in machining tool, so that cutter workbench
Feeding processing can be completed under the driving of machine power system；
Step 2: control cutter working table movement drives cutter tooth to process workpiece, while starting supersonic generator, super
Under the supersonic frequency electric energy excitation that wave sounder provides, the vibration of axial direction-bending-twisted coupling is realized, so that cutter tooth is deep in cutting
It spends on direction and direction of rotation, realization contacts processing and non-processing loop cycle with workpiece, when cutter tooth is processed, first with lower
Cutting depth and revolving speed processed, when cutter tooth and work pieces process and non-processing loop cycle have been completely secured in processing
Afterwards, revolving speed is first improved, then improves cutting depth, and the supersonic frequency of piezoelectric actuator is improved, improves the material in the unit time
Expect resection, improve excision efficiency, when the machining surplus of a cutter tooth is smaller, reduces cutting depth, then carry out finishing
Work.
10. application method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: in the step 2, the interior serrated knife of workpieces processing and
The cutting edge of outer serrated knife is according to manufacture claimed below:
One, the outside cutting edge of serrated knife is manufactured according to the tooth form that Precision Machining requires in processing gear, in processing gear internal tooth
The inside cutting edge of knife requires to manufacture according to roughing tooth form；
Two, it cuts sword in the outer serrated knife inside cutting of processing gear to manufacture according to the tooth form that Precision Machining requires, in the outer of processing gear
The outside cutting edge of serrated knife requires to manufacture according to roughing tooth form.
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| CN201810942622.4A CN109079255B (en) | 2018-08-17 | 2018-08-17 | Ultrasonic vibration assisted efficient gear hobbing system and application method |
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| CN201810942622.4A CN109079255B (en) | 2018-08-17 | 2018-08-17 | Ultrasonic vibration assisted efficient gear hobbing system and application method |
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| CN110281081A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-09-27 | 湖南工学院 | A kind of large scale wheel becomes wheel internal spline efficient precise grinding processing method in rail |
| CN112935174A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-11 | 中南大学 | Method for compensating precision machining error of ultrasonic cold swing rolling forming straight gear |
| CN113319381A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-31 | 湖南工学院 | Device for precisely machining special connection external thread of deep-sea ore-raising pipe and using method thereof |
| CN113843459A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2021-12-28 | 湖南工学院 | Device for efficient and precise ultrasonic grinding machining of ore-raising pipe threads and using method thereof |
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