CN109834337A - A kind of rest for gear milling tool and processing method of high-efficiency and precision processing gear - Google Patents
A kind of rest for gear milling tool and processing method of high-efficiency and precision processing gear Download PDFInfo
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- CN109834337A CN109834337A CN201910301651.7A CN201910301651A CN109834337A CN 109834337 A CN109834337 A CN 109834337A CN 201910301651 A CN201910301651 A CN 201910301651A CN 109834337 A CN109834337 A CN 109834337A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the Gear Milling method and cutter of a kind of high-efficiency and precision processing gear, invention improves the processing efficiency of gear, extends cutting-tool's used life, improves the surface quality of workpiece.It can be used for processing all kinds of bevel gear makings, and the Roughing and fine machining for realizing gear can be synchronized.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to field of machining, and in particular to a kind of high-efficiency and precision processes rest for gear milling tool and the processing side of gear
Method.
Background technique:
A kind of effective method of the mill teeth as processing gear, is widely used in all kinds of bevel gear makings.With traditional processing
Technique is compared, and the cutting force of ultrasonic vibration secondary process in process is smaller, and tool wear is lower, and workpiece surface quality is more
It is good, the advantages such as higher excision efficiency, there is not yet the correlative study of related ultrasonic vibration auxiliary Gear Milling, therefore without opposite
The cutter answered carries out Gear Milling.
Summary of the invention:
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention discloses a kind of rest for gear milling tool of high-efficiency and precision processing gear and processing
Method, the present invention improve the processing efficiency of gear, extend cutting-tool's used life, improve the surface quality of workpiece.It can
For processing all kinds of bevel gear makings, and the Roughing and fine machining for realizing gear can be synchronized.
In order to reach the invention purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of Gear Milling method of high-efficiency and precision processing gear, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: obtaining the flank of tooth and flank of tooth cross section profile for needing to process gear by three-dimensional digital-to-analogue；Cutterhead and vibration are become
Width bar end is fixedly connected, and milling cutter is equipped on cutterhead；Vibrate the cutter spindle that amplitude transformer passes through connector and tooth gear milling machine
Connection；
Step 2: setting gear teeth face to be processed as S (u, v), then the both ends curve on flank of tooth boundary is according to normal vectorIt carries out
It transforms into, i.e. S (u, v)=(1-v) SA (u)+vB (u), (u, v) ∈ [1,0] × [0,1]；Curved surface can be by two tangential vector sums
One direction vector generates, i.e.,
Wherein u indicates that u direction, v indicate that the direction v, A (u) indicate flank of tooth one end in coordinate on the flank of tooth in coordinate on the flank of tooth
The tangent function of curve, B (u) indicate the tangent function of the curve of the flank of tooth other end, and (u, v) indicates u and the side v in the flank of tooth left side
To；Indicate that the tangent function of the curve of flank of tooth one end to u derivation, obtains its variable gradient,Indicate the flank of tooth other end
Curve tangent function to u derivation, obtain its variable gradient；
Step 3: face gear roughing: the working depth of milling cutter is not less than 2mm；Assuming that cutterhead upper milling cutter tooth number N,
The length of the flank of tooth | S (u, v) |, the revolving speed of cutterhead is n, and the distance of preceding hobcutter to cutterhead rotation center is r1, rear hobcutter arrives
The distance of cutterhead rotation center is r2；Ultrasonic vibration control system opens axial vibration, and vibration frequency meets condition:
Step 4: face gear finishes: the two sides cutting edge of milling cutter is, processing consistent with the two sides of flank of tooth cross section profile
Cutting depth direction beIn five-axis robot Gear Milling lathe, working depth directionBy x, y, the feeding in the direction z
Movement synthesis, i.e.,Cutterhead is then moved according to pirouette tangential motion path, when finishing, ultrasonic vibration control
System opens axial direction and twisting vibration, the working depth of one of milling cutter tooth incisionNo more than 5um, ultrasonic vibration control system
The half that amplitude is working depth is exported in system, it is assumed that number of teeth mesh N on cutterhead, the length of the flank of tooth | S (u, v) |, cutterhead turns
Speed is n, and the distance of milling cutter to cutterhead rotation center is r1, then ultrasonic vibration driving frequency f1Meet the following conditions:Wherein c is natural number, completes the finishing of the flank of tooth.
Further to improve, the vibration amplitude transformer successively includes eight sections to end from front end, and wherein paragraph 1 is circular cone
Body, the taper of circular cone are 1:20；2nd section is cylindrical shape；3rd section is cylindrical body, and is machined with vibration groove 1 for arranging
A pair keeps the circle at the 3rd section of most narrow place for generating the piezoelectric actuator of axial vibration and the circlip of fixed piezoelectric actuator
Column diameter is the 1/3 of the 2nd section；4th section is cylindrical body, length 2-3mm；5th section is cylindrical body, than the 4th section increase 1- of diameter
1.5mm, for further uniformly transferring axial vibration to the 6th section；6th section is cylindrical body, is axially arranged on cylindrical body
2 groups of recess holes 2, the quantity of every group of recess hole 2 are 6, are uniformly distributed along cylindrical surface, length L2 and the 6th section of recess hole 2
Length it is consistent, diameter of the diameter than the 2nd section is 0.5mm small, the axial direction of recess hole and vibration amplitude transformer it is axial at 40 ° of -45 ° of folders
Angle, so that the 6th section of torsion stiffness narrows down to the 1/8 of the 4th section of torsion stiffness hereinafter, the 6th section of 2 sections in vibration amplitude transformer
On point, increase annular groove；Node is that the amplitude for the vibration of the vibration shape for vibrating amplitude transformer is at 0；The depth of annular groove is
0.2-0.3mm, width 2mm are used for installation connecting element；7th section be Gaussian curve shape shape cylindrical body amplitude transformer；8th section
For cylindrical body, for installing milling cutter is housed on cutterhead cutterhead.
Further to improve, the junction of the vibration amplitude transformer difference section is all made of arc transition, the circle of arc transition
Angular radius R2 by the adjacent two sections of cross sections in junction equivalent diameter D, length L, D2, length L2 and vibration amplification coefficient N, reference
And the relationship decision of optimum transfer arc radius and amplification coefficient N part；Determine step: radius of corner R2, size determine step
Suddenly are as follows:
Step 1: foundationFind out N value；
Step 2: foundationFind out A value；
Third step checks the relation table between horn,stepped optimum transfer arc radius and N, obtains β value；
4th step, according to R2=β D1, find out R2Value；
Wherein D1For the equivalent diameter of the 8th section of cross section, L1For the 8th segment length, D2For the cross section in the 7th section of middle position
Equivalent diameter, L2For the 7th segment length, N is amplification coefficient.
Further to improve, in the step 3, milling cutter rake face opens restrictive contact groove, restricted contact groove
It is respectively at from cutting edge 4um, 8um, at 12um, width 2um, depth 4um；From unlatching 5mm width at cutting edge 20um
And the chip-breaker 5 parallel with cutting edge, the distal face of chip-breaker is 1mm higher than proximal end face, and proximal end face refers to close to cutting edge side；
Rake face angle is 1 ° -2 °；The relief angle of cutter is 10 ° -20, between the groove 6 of flank increase vein shape arrangement, parting
Spacing is 4-5um, and 6 width of groove is 1.2-1.5um, and the trend of groove 6 is at 45 ° with cutting edge, with cutting edge holding 5-6um away from
From when depth of groove extends from the outside straight line of cutting edge, depth gradually becomes end 14um from the 2um of section start, and groove is wide
Degree is 2um.
It is further to improve, in the step 4, wherein in the rake face of milling cutter, from cutting edge 2um, 4um, 6um
Place's restricted contact groove that working width and depth are 1um respectively；And from unlatching chip-breaker, tool orthogonal rake at cutting edge 10um
It is 3 ° -5 °；Use radius for the arc transition of 0.2-0.5um between cutting edge；
It is not less than 30 ° in the flank angle of milling cutter, and increases groove in flank, notch end should be protected with cutting edge
The distance of 2um is held, when depth of groove extends from the outside straight line of cutting edge, depth is by 1um-10um.Width is 1um, groove
Between according in leaf vein shape arrange, parting angle be 30 °.
A kind of Gear Milling cutter of high-efficiency and precision processing gear, the cutter is milling cutter, and milling cutter rake face is opened
Restrictive contact groove, restricted contact groove are respectively at from cutting edge 4um, 8um, and at 12um, width 2um, depth is
4um；From 5mm width and the chip-breaker 5 parallel with cutting edge is opened at cutting edge 20um, the distal face of chip-breaker is higher than proximal end face
1mm, proximal end face refer to close to cutting edge side；Rake face angle is 1 ° -2 °；The relief angle of cutter is 10 ° -20, is increased in flank
Add the groove 6 of vein shape arrangement, the spacing between parting is 4-5um, and 6 width of groove is 1.2-1.5um, and groove 6 is moved towards and cut
It is at 45 ° to cut sword, is kept at a distance from 5-6um with cutting edge, when depth of groove extends from the outside straight line of cutting edge, depth originates certainly
The 2um at place gradually becomes end 14um, recess width 2um.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and constitutes part of specification, with tool of the invention
Body embodiment is used to explain the present invention together, is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of milling cutter blade.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the section structure for vibrating amplitude transformer.
Fig. 3 is vibration luffing rod twisting disresonance vibration production principle.
Fig. 4 is the vibration amplitude transformer axial direction-bending vibration vibration shape and cutter path figure.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of milling cutter.
Wherein, face ABCD, BCEG, ADHF are the flank of milling cutter, and face ABEF is the rake face of milling cutter, cutting edge AF
For the inside cutting edge of milling cutter, BE is the outside cutting edge of milling cutter；6 distance AD of groove is 4um.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of rake face；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of flank.
Specific embodiment:
Present invention employs supersonic generator, piezoelectric actuator, the vibration amplitude transformer of specific structure, power supply, cutter, knives
Disk, workbench, the components such as control system realize ultrasonic vibration auxiliary Gear Milling, improve the excision efficiency of material, cutter
Service life, the surface quality of workpiece.It can be used for processing all kinds of bevel gears, and the Roughing and fine machining for realizing gear can be synchronized.
1. processing gear obtains its flank of tooth, flank of tooth cross section profile, the difference flank of tooth by three-dimensional digital-to-analogue as needed.
2. setting gear teeth face to be processed as S (u, v), then it can be with the both ends curve on its boundary according to normal vectorIt carries out
It transforms into, i.e. S (u, v)=(1-v) SA (u)+vB (u), (u, v) ∈ [1,0] × [0,1].Curved surface can be by two tangential vector sums
One direction vector generates, i.e.,
3. in face gear finishing, in order to improve processing tooth accuracy, using the cutter of following special shape, milling cutter
Side cutting edge be it is consistent with the two sides of flank of tooth cross section profile, the cutting depth direction of processing isIn five-axis robot mill teeth
In machining tool, working depth directionIt can be synthesized by x, the feed motion of y, the direction z, i.e.,Cutterhead is then pressed
It is moved according to pirouette tangential motion path, when finishing, ultrasonic vibration control system opens axial direction and twisting vibration, wherein one
The working depth of a milling cutter tooth incisionNo more than 5um, output amplitude is the half of working depth in ultrasonic vibration control system,
Assuming that number of teeth mesh N on cutterhead, the length of the flank of tooth | S (u, v) |, the revolving speed of cutterhead is n, milling cutter to cutterhead rotation center away from
From for r1, then ultrasonic vibration driving frequency f1Meet the following conditions:Wherein c be natural number, this be in order to
It avoids forming ultrasonic action frequency in processing being to process the frequency multiplication of driving frequency, improves the stability of cutter in processing, reduce vibration
It is dynamic, improve the machining accuracy of the flank of tooth in processing.
4. the microstructure of milling cutter blade especially exists since the chip of formation is in the space of a relative closure
Processing is close at gear teeth face root, and chip space is narrower, and the transition contact of cutter and chip causes cutting edge temperature
It increasing, it is a series of for topic that tool wear increases etc., in the rake face of milling cutter, from cutting edge 2um, the place 4um, 6um difference
The restricted contact groove that working width and depth are 1um reduces contact of the cutter with chip, reduces friction, forms gap,
Ultrasonic vibration system excitation bottom tool moves repeatedly is formed in vacuum in restricted contact area, enables cutting fluid is deep enough to cut
Sword cutting material area is cut, tool in cutting sword temperature is reduced.And from chip-breaker is opened at cutting edge 20um, this is in order to avoid cutting
It considers the too long excessive contact for causing chip and cutter to be worth doing, avoids cutter inordinate wear, while avoiding chip under chip-breaker effect,
Subtle small chip is formed, is inhaled into restricted contact groove.
5., since milling cutter flank is under the rotary motion of cutterhead, being connect with machined surface in the flank of milling cutter
Wiping is touched, influences to process flank of tooth quality, considers that the intensity of cutter, flank angle are not less than 30 °.And increase in flank recessed
Slot, notch end should be kept at a distance from 2-3um with cutting edge, when depth of groove extends from the outside straight line of cutting edge, depth by
1um-10um.Width is 1um, is arranged between groove according to the vein shape in leaf, in the step 3, milling cutter rake face
Restrictive contact groove is opened, restricted contact groove is respectively at from cutting edge 2um, 4um, and at 6um, width 2um, depth is
4um；From unlatching 5mm width at cutting edge 20um and the chip-breaker (5) parallel with cutting edge, the distal face of chip-breaker compare proximal end face
High 1mm, proximal end face refer to close to cutting edge side；Rake face angle is 1 ° -2 °；The relief angle of cutter is 10 ° -20, in flank
Increase the groove 6 of vein shape arrangement, the spacing between parting is 4-5um, and groove (6) width is 1.2-1.5um, and groove 6 moves towards
It is at 45 ° with cutting edge, it is kept at a distance from 5-6um with cutting edge, when depth of groove extends from the outside straight line of cutting edge, depth is certainly
The 2um of section start gradually becomes end 14um, recess width 2um.
6. the working depth of milling cutter is not less than 2mm in face gear roughing, ultrasonic vibration control system is opened axial
Vibration, vibration frequency should meet the condition in 3, i.e.,Rake face opens restricted contact groove, from cutting
Sword 4,8 processes 2um width at 12um, and the groove of 4um depth reduces chip and tool contact area, and biggish depth increase is cut
Volume of the liquid near tool in cutting sword is cut, improves lowering ability, and from the chip breaking for opening 5mm width at cutting edge 20um
Slot avoids too long chip and tool contact.Rake face angle is 1 ° -2 °.It is 10 ° -20 ° in the relief angle of cutter, in flank
Increasing groove, notch end should be kept at a distance from 5-6um with cutting edge, when depth of groove extends from the outside straight line of cutting edge,
Depth is by 2um-14um, width 2um, arranges between groove according to the vein shape in leaf, and parting angle is 60 °-
75°。
Supersonic generator connection, is used to provide the device of supersonic frequency electric energy for ultrasonic transducer.
Piezoelectric actuator is ultrasonic transducer, is connect with supersonic generator, the supersonic frequency that supersonic generator is generated
Electric energy is converted into the mechanical energy of ultrasonic vibration.
Vibration amplitude transformer gathers ultrasonic energy for amplifying vibration displacement and speed that piezoelectric actuator generates
Collection is connect on lesser area with vibratory equipment, piezoelectric actuator connection.Vibrate amplitude transformer swashing in a pair of of piezoelectric actuator
It encourages under effect, realizes axial direction and twisted coupling is vibrated；2-3 Gaussian curve transition of end transition position of amplitude transformer is vibrated, it is horizontal
Lesser one section of the diameter of sectional area is about the 1/4 of one section be relatively large in diameter, and cross-sectional area is about cross-sectional area compared with segment length
Big section 1/2, this is to reduce knife caused by oscillation crosswise to improve the bending stiffness that Gear Milling vibrates amplitude transformer in the process
Tool deviates scheduled path, avoids a possibility that cutter bumps against workpiece when cutter is never cut and retracted on the material fallen；Using
The principle of multiple Gaussian curve transition is that the amplitude transformer of more Gaussian curve transition can generate more Gao Weiyi first, can be vibrated
The relatively large cutterhead of quality meets the transversal requirement towards the cross section transition compared with small area of larger area.
Under the action of piezoelectric actuator, axial (main shaft connecting with cutterhead to) and twisting vibration are realized, in ultrasonic wave
Under the supersonic frequency electric energy excitation that acoustical generator provides, the supersonic frequency axial direction and twisting vibration of vibration amplitude transformer are realized, so that cutter tooth exists
On cutting depth direction and direction of rotation, processing and non-processing period are periodically contacted with workpiece.Due to Gear Milling path
The path (opposite main shaft) of middle cutter tooth is circle, realizes higher processing efficiency with faster revolving speed.It is first cut first with lower
It cuts depth and revolving speed is processed, after cutter and work pieces process have been completely secured in processing with non-processing loop cycle, first
Revolving speed is improved, then improves cutting depth, and the supersonic frequency of electric energy is improved, the material removal amount in the unit time is improved, mentions
Height excision efficiency reduces cutting depth, is finished when the machining surplus of a cutter tooth is smaller.It ensures that in this way
Gear after Gear Milling not pass through gear lapping, the fine-processing techniques such as roll flute, and by ultrasonic vibration secondary process
Workpiece surface roughness, residual stress, form accuracy can reach the technical requirements of gear.
Multiple cutters tooth (cutter) are separately fixed at not being same as above for cutterhead according to scheduled machining path, and cutterhead and vibration become
The end of width bar is fixedly connected, and vibration amplitude transformer is connected by the cutter spindle of connector and tooth gear milling machine, cutter spindle rotation,
Driving vibration amplitude transformer rotation, cutterhead rotation；Other directions of machining of bevel gears move, and are determined by cutter movable workbench, knife
Has the movement of workbench by passing to vibration amplitude transformer by connector, amplitude transformer drives cutterhead movement.And with workpiece workbench
Relative motion meets the machining path requirement of machining of bevel gears.
The material of the vibration amplitude transformer of specific structure uses titanium alloy.Material loss is few in working frequency, fatigue resistance
Height, specific acoustic impedance is small, can bear biggish vibration velocity and displacement amplitude.Go out in the amplitude transformer of stairstepping in the abrupt change of cross-section
There is very big stress to concentrate, be to be easy to happen the problem of being broken because of fatigue close at mutation in thin portion, using Gaussian curve and
Circular arc bores line transition.Can reduce stress lumped values, while and the actual resonance frequency of amplitude transformer that makes close to theoretical value.Its
Detailed construction feature is as follows: paragraph 1 is cone, and the taper of circular cone is 1:20；2nd section is cylindrical shape；3rd section is cylinder
Body, and machined groove for arranging the card of a pair of piezoelectric actuator 1 for generating axial vibration and fixed piezoelectric actuator
Spring, and the body diameter of the 3rd section of holding is about the 1/3 of the 2nd section；4th section is cylindrical body, and length is about 1-2mm, is mainly
The transmitting for guaranteeing axial vibration as far as possible, if length is excessive, be difficult to the 4th section it is maximum with the 5th section of junction vibration shape amplitude, from
And guarantee the maximal efficiency transmitting of extensional vibration；5th section is cylindrical body, and diameter slightly increases 2-3mm than the 4th section, is used for axis
It further uniformly transfers to vibration to the 6th section；6th section is cylindrical body, axially arranges 2 groups of recess holes on cylindrical body,
The quantity of every group of recess hole is 4, is uniformly distributed along cylindrical surface, groove length L2It is consistent with the 6th section of length, diameter with
2nd section of diameter is consistent, and angle is 30 °, and when bearing alternating force, part power will drive amplitude transformer to do twist motion, due to the 6th
The torsion stiffness of section has narrowed down to the 1/8 of the 4th section of torsion stiffness hereinafter, helping to create twisting vibration, while axial rigidity
Also it reduces for generating axial vibration, the 6th section on 2 nodes of the amplitude transformer vibration vibration shape, increases cylinder shape groove, about
0.1-0.5mm is used for installation connecting element 1；7th section be it is rigid using Gaussian curve as the cylindrical body luffing of shape, be mainly used for will
Axial vibration and bending vibration reach very high vibration velocity, meet in efficient high vibration rate request, it is made centainly to shake
There is faster vibration velocity in the dynamic period, improve surface quality, including surface roughness and residual stress etc.；8th section is
Cylindrical body is mainly used for installation tool gear.Wherein installation tool gear position, for the amplitude maximum for vibrating amplitude transformer.
The junction of different sections is all made of optimal arc transition, the radius R of arc transition2By the adjacent two sections of cross sections in junction etc.
Imitate diameter D, length L, D2, length L2 and vibration amplification coefficient N, reference and optimum transfer arc radius and amplification coefficient N part
Relationship determines.Determine step: radius of corner R2, size determines step are as follows:
Step 1: foundationFind out N value；
Step 2: foundationFind out A value；
Third step checks the relation table between horn,stepped optimum transfer arc radius and N, obtains β value；
4th step, according to R3=β D1, find out R3Value；
Wherein D1For the equivalent diameter of the 8th section of cross section, L1For the 8th segment length, D2For the cross section in the 7th section of middle position
Equivalent diameter, L2For the 7th segment length, N is amplification coefficient.
Amplitude transformer is vibrated under the action of a pair of of piezoelectric actuator that z is arranged to (front-rear direction), generates axial vibration,
It is embodied on point of a knife with the direction y, i.e. depth of cut (depth of cut) direction of machining.Vibration amplitude transformer is being cut
When power, since the vibration of cutting process causes thickness of cutting variation, the alternating variation of cutting force, vibration amplitude transformer the are resulted in
After 6 sections by cutting force, the transmission path of cutting force is changed, cutting force will cause the twist motion of vibration amplitude transformer, alternately
The cutting force of change causes the reversed torsion campaign of vibration amplitude transformer, realizes non-resonant twisting vibration.Axial and torsion
Vibration passes through the 6th section, and the 7th section of amplification forms faster y to vibration velocity and amplitude in point of a knife.
Ultrasonic vibration can generate ultrasonic cavitation, i.e., the change of cutter and air pressure at material, makes in cutting process
Cutting fluid can be more deep penetrate into its contact position, further decrease the temperature of workpiece and tool contact area, improve
Workpiece surface quality and cutter life.In a z-direction, under certain wire pulling method speed, with relatively low z to vibration
Dynamic speed carries out processing, and to help further to be lifted at processing in the period bad with following for not process-cycle.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Gear Milling method of high-efficiency and precision processing gear, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: obtaining the flank of tooth and flank of tooth cross section profile for needing to process gear by three-dimensional digital-to-analogue；By cutterhead and vibration amplitude transformer
End is fixedly connected, and milling cutter is equipped on cutterhead；Amplitude transformer is vibrated to connect by the cutter spindle of connector and tooth gear milling machine；
Step 2: setting gear teeth face to be processed as S (u, v), then the both ends curve on flank of tooth boundary is according to normal vectorIt is opened up
At, i.e. S (u, v)=(1-v) SA (u)+vB (u), (u, v) ∈ [1,0] × [0,1]；Curved surface can be by two tangential vector sums one
A direction vector generates, i.e.,
Wherein u indicates that u direction, v indicate that the direction v, A (u) indicate the curve of flank of tooth one end in coordinate on the flank of tooth in coordinate on the flank of tooth
Tangent function, B (u) indicate the flank of tooth other end curve tangent function, (u, v) indicate the flank of tooth left side in u and the direction v；Indicate that the tangent function of the curve of flank of tooth one end to u derivation, obtains its variable gradient,Indicate the flank of tooth other end
The tangent function of curve obtains its variable gradient to u derivation；
Step 3: face gear roughing: the working depth of milling cutter is not less than 2mm；Assuming that cutterhead upper milling cutter tooth number N, the flank of tooth
Length | S (u, v) |, the revolving speed of cutterhead is n, and the distance of preceding hobcutter to cutterhead rotation center is r1, rear hobcutter to cutterhead
The distance of rotation center is r2；Ultrasonic vibration control system opens axial vibration, and vibration frequency meets condition:
Step 4: face gear finish: the two sides cutting edge of milling cutter be it is consistent with the two sides of flank of tooth cross section profile, processing is cut
Cutting depth direction isIn five-axis robot Gear Milling lathe, working depth directionBy x, y, the feed motion in the direction z
Synthesis, i.e.,Cutterhead is then moved according to pirouette tangential motion path, when finishing, ultrasonic vibration control system
Open axial direction and twisting vibration, the working depth of one of milling cutter tooth incisionNo more than 5um, in ultrasonic vibration control system
Export the half that amplitude is working depth, it is assumed that number of teeth mesh N on cutterhead, the length of the flank of tooth | S (u, v) |, the revolving speed of cutterhead is
N, the distance of milling cutter to cutterhead rotation center are r1, then ultrasonic vibration driving frequency f1Meet the following conditions:Wherein c is natural number, completes the finishing of the flank of tooth.
2. the Gear Milling method of high-efficiency and precision processing gear as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the vibration luffing
Bar successively includes eight sections to end from front end, and wherein paragraph 1 is cone, and the taper of circular cone is 1:20；2nd section is cylindrical
Shape；3rd section is cylindrical body, and is machined with vibration groove (1) and is used to arrange a pair of piezoelectric actuator for being used to generate axial vibration
And the circlip of fixed piezoelectric actuator, and the body diameter at the 3rd section of most narrow place of holding is the 1/3 of the 2nd section；4th section is cylindrical body,
Length is 2-3mm；5th section is cylindrical body, than the 4th section increase 1-1.5mm of diameter, for further uniformly transferring axial vibration
To the 6th section；6th section is cylindrical body, axially arranges 2 groups of recess holes (2), the quantity of every group of recess hole (2) on cylindrical body
It is 6, is uniformly distributed along cylindrical surface, the length L2 of recess hole (2) is consistent with the 6th section of length, diameter of the diameter than the 2nd section
Small 0.5mm, the axial direction of recess hole and the axial direction of vibration amplitude transformer are at 40 ° of -45 ° of angles, so that the 6th section of torsion stiffness narrows down to
4th section of torsion stiffness 1/8 hereinafter, the 6th section vibration amplitude transformer 2 nodes on, increase annular groove；Node is to shake
The amplitude of the vibration of the vibration shape of dynamic amplitude transformer is at 0；The depth of annular groove is 0.2-0.3mm, width 2mm, for installing
Connector；7th section be Gaussian curve shape shape cylindrical body amplitude transformer；8th section is cylindrical body, is filled on cutterhead cutterhead for installing
There is milling cutter.
3. the Gear Milling method of high-efficiency and precision processing gear as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the vibration luffing
The junction of bar difference section is all made of arc transition, the radius of corner R2 of arc transition by the adjacent two sections of cross sections in junction etc.
Imitate diameter D, length L, D2, length L2 and vibration amplification coefficient N, reference and optimum transfer arc radius and amplification coefficient N part
Relationship determines；Determine step: radius of corner R2, size determine step are as follows:
Step 1: foundationFind out N value；
Step 2: foundationFind out A value；
Third step checks the relation table between horn,stepped optimum transfer arc radius and N, obtains β value；
4th step, according to R2=β D1, find out R2Value；
Wherein D1For the equivalent diameter of the 8th section of cross section, L1For the 8th segment length, D2For the 7th section of middle position cross section etc.
Imitate diameter, L2For the 7th segment length, N is amplification coefficient.
4. the Gear Milling method of high-efficiency and precision processing gear as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 3
In, milling cutter rake face opens restrictive contact groove, and restricted contact groove is respectively at from cutting edge 4um, 8um, at 12um,
Width is 2um, depth 4um；From unlatching 5mm width at cutting edge 20um and the chip-breaker (5) parallel with cutting edge, chip-breaker
Distal face it is 1mm higher than proximal end face, proximal end face refers to close to cutting edge side；Rake face angle is 1 ° -2 °；The relief angle of cutter is
10 ° -20, increase the groove (6) of vein shape arrangement in flank, the spacing between parting is 4-5um, and groove (6) width is
1.2-1.5um, groove (6) trend it is at 45 ° with cutting edge, with cutting edge holding 5-6um at a distance from, depth of groove from cutting edge to
When outer straight line extends, depth gradually becomes end 14um, recess width 2um from the 2um of section start.
5. the Gear Milling method of high-efficiency and precision processing gear as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 4
In, wherein in the rake face of milling cutter, in the limitation that from cutting edge 2um, working width and depth are 1um respectively at 4um, 6um
Property contact groove；And from chip-breaker is opened at cutting edge 10um, tool orthogonal rake is 3 ° -5 °；Used between cutting edge radius for
The arc transition of 0.2-0.5um；
It is not less than 30 ° in the flank angle of milling cutter, and increases groove in flank, notch end should be kept with cutting edge
The distance of 2um, when depth of groove extends from the outside straight line of cutting edge, depth is by 1um-10um.Width is 1um, groove it
Between according in leaf vein shape arrange, parting angle be 30 °.
6. a kind of Gear Milling cutter of high-efficiency and precision processing gear, which is characterized in that the cutter is milling cutter, before milling cutter
Knife face opens restrictive contact groove, and restricted contact groove is respectively at from cutting edge 4um, 8um, at 12um, width 2um,
Depth is 4um；From unlatching 5mm width at cutting edge 20um and the chip-breaker (5) parallel with cutting edge, the distal face ratio of chip-breaker
The high 1mm of proximal end face, proximal end face refer to close to cutting edge side；Rake face angle is 1 ° -2 °；The relief angle of cutter is 10 ° -20,
Flank increases the groove (6) of vein shape arrangement, and the spacing between parting is 4-5um, and groove (6) width is 1.2-1.5um, recessed
Slot (6) trend is at 45 ° with cutting edge, keeps at a distance from 5-6um with cutting edge, and depth of groove extends from the outside straight line of cutting edge
When, depth gradually becomes end 14um, recess width 2um from the 2um of section start.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113319381A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-31 | 湖南工学院 | Device for precisely machining special connection external thread of deep-sea ore-raising pipe and using method thereof |
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| CN113319381A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-31 | 湖南工学院 | Device for precisely machining special connection external thread of deep-sea ore-raising pipe and using method thereof |
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