CN109072837B - 用于操作柴油机共轨压电操作式伺服喷射器的方法及机动车辆 - Google Patents
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- F02D41/2096—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils for controlling piezoelectric injectors
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- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
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- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems
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Abstract
描述了一种用于操作柴油机共轨压电操作式伺服喷射器的方法,及一种机动车辆。在所述方法中,所提供的压电致动器被致动为传感器,以便测量施加在伺服阀上的力。在此,针对每个操作点确定用于压电致动器的正确的电荷量,以便所述压电致动器产生诸如对于力测量而言所需的与伺服阀的力接触,而不通过打开伺服阀来影响喷射过程本身。这借助于两种方法变体(具体地,压电致动器的部分充电及其部分放电)的组合实现。使用两种方法测量对应的压电电压,并将结果彼此相比较。在充分相关的情况下,在其中不能够实施第一方法的范围中实施第二方法。在不充分相关的情况下,不实施第二方法。以这种方式,扩大了压电致动器的传感器操作范围。相关联的控制单元被构造成用于实施所述类型的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于操作柴油机共轨压电操作式伺服喷射器的方法,其中压电致动器借助于伺服阀来打开和关闭喷嘴针,其中,所述压电致动器被致动为传感器以便测量施加到伺服阀的力。
背景技术
标准柴油机共轨喷射器具有致动器,所述致动器直接或间接地(用伺服驱动器)致动针。使用压电元件作为致动器在此具有以下优点:该压电元件也能够被用作传感器,以便检测特性事件(诸如,针的关闭)。当控制喷射器时,该信息能够被用于改进喷射过程的准确性。
在压电操作式伺服喷射器的情况下,应用压电致动器以便借助于逆压电效应打开伺服阀,这相应地借助于所提供的液压连接引起喷嘴针的打开,因此,燃料被喷射。如果压电元件不被用作致动器,则有可能借助于压电效应将其用作力传感器。具体地,在该背景下,如果压电致动器与伺服阀接触,则能够由压电致动器检测源自燃料室(所述燃料室布置在伺服阀下方)中的燃料压力的力,所述力作用在伺服阀上。
然而,在具有气隙的压电伺服喷射器的情况下(在此,在非充电状态下,压电致动器不与伺服阀接触),压电致动器必须被充电达到某一程度以便进入与伺服阀的接触。另一方面,施加到压电致动器的电荷的量必须不超过某一量,因为这能够引起伺服阀的打开及因此测量,这改变喷射器中的针运动及因此所喷射的燃料的量。
为了使压电致动器充当力传感器,因此至关重要的是,针对每个操作点找出压电致动器的正确的电荷量,以便产生对于力测量而言所需的这种力接触,且不同时通过打开伺服阀而主动地影响喷射本身。
发明内容
本发明基于使开篇所描述的类型的方法可用的目标,用所述方法,能够以特别准确的方式确定待施加到压电致动器以产生其与伺服阀的力接触的正确的电荷量。
在指定类型的方法的情况下,所述目标根据本发明借助于以下步骤实现:
通过以下步骤,针对每个操作点确定用于压电致动器的正确的电荷量,使得压电致动器产生对于力测量而言所必需的与伺服阀的力接触,而不通过打开伺服阀来影响喷射过程本身,
从处于0 V的非充电状态使压电致动器部分地充电(方法a);
使压电致动器从已充电状态部分地放电到剩余有限电荷(方法b);
用两种方法测量压电电压,并将结果进行比较;
当存在充分对应性时,在其中无法实施方法a的范围中实施方法b;并且
当不存在充分对应性时,不应用方法b。
用根据本发明的方法,有可能扩大柴油机共轨压电操作式伺服喷射器中的压电致动器的传感器操作范围。对此原因如下:
用上文所描述的两种方法变体a和b,实现了压电致动器的部分充电状态。方法a具有以下优点:压电致动器能够被用作传感器的部分充电的范围大于在方法b的情况下的范围,原因在于在方法a的情况下,当发生部分充电时,伺服阀已经关闭,且因此相比于方法b的情况下(在所述方法中,作用于伺服阀上的力必须减小,具体地减小至低至足以使伺服阀能够关闭且使喷射事件结束的值),能够将更大的力施加到伺服阀。出于该原因,通过根据方法a使用压电致动器,更容易确定合适的部分充电状态。
方法b的优点在于,在结合实际喷射的测量的情况下,其中压电致动器能够被用作传感器的时间窗口大于在方法a的情况下的时间窗口。原因在于,在方法a的情况下,压电致动器首先必须完全放电,且然后再次充电。用于测量的这种实际滞后时间在方法b中不出现。
在其中两种方法a和方法b均能够使用的操作范围中,在现有技术中使用方法a,因为这是更鲁棒的方法。然而,根据本发明,现在实施两种方法变体,并且用两种方法测量压电致动器处的压电电压,并将结果彼此相比较。如果这两种方法之间的对应性足够大(信号中的特定电压),则根据本发明假设也能够用方法b实现压电致动器的合适的正确电荷水平,使得压电致动器能够被用作传感器。在这种情况下,即当存在充分的对应性时,在其中不能够实施方法a的操作范围中使用方法b(原因在于正时约束)。
另一方面,如果这两种方法之间的对应性不够好,则在其中不能够使用方法a的范围中不应用方法b。
由于方法b与非常鲁棒的方法a的组合应用,可能提高方法b的鲁棒性并以可靠的方式应用这种方法。因此,由于检测窗口的时间范围增大的事实,所以有可能显著地增大其中压电元件能够被用作传感器的操作范围。以这种方式,具体地,能够检测到燃料的相对小的喷射量。
在根据本发明的方法中,在特定喷射过程期间,优选地,对于一个发动机循环(且具体地,在其中实施测量的喷射过程期间)周期地实施方法a与方法b之间的来回切换。这具体地涉及特定的主喷射,在该主喷射期间实施力测量。因此,优选地,在这种主喷射期间执行根据本发明的方法。
具体地,在操作点不发生大改变(即具体地,存在稳定的轨燃料压力和可比较的请求的喷射量)时实施根据本发明的方法。
在根据本发明的方法的一个特别优选的实施例中,从与实际喷射相关联的压电致动器的充电状态开始实施所述压电致动器的部分放电(方法b)。优选地,在压电致动器的完全放电之后执行部分充电(方法a)。
本发明也涉及一种机动车辆,其具有上文所描述的类型的柴油机共轨压电操作式伺服喷射器和被设计成实施上文所描述的方法的控制单元。
附图说明
下文结合附图参考示例性实施例来详细解释本发明。附图中:
图1示出阐明方法变体a的图;
图2示出图示方法变体b的图;以及
图3示出以三幅插图示出根据本发明的方法的顺序的图。
具体实施方式
在本文所描述的用于操作柴油机共轨压电操作式伺服喷射器的方法的情况下,压电致动器被致动为传感器以便测量施加到伺服阀的力。为了能够实施对应的力测量,必须确定用于压电致动器的正确的电荷量,使得所述压电致动器产生对于力测量而言所必需的与伺服阀的力接触,而不通过打开伺服阀来影响喷射过程本身。换言之,压电致动器必须克服在非充电状态下存在于致动器与伺服阀之间的气隙。
出于该目的,根据图1中所图示的方法a,从处于0 V的非充电状态使压电致动器部分地充电。在图1中,对应的压电电压被图示为随时间而变,其中,图示了用于部分充电的主喷射的喷射脉冲以及后续辅助检测脉冲。用于实施方法a的可能的测量窗口被示为在虚线右边。
在图2中所图示的方法b中,发生压电致动器从已经充电状态(喷射脉冲)到剩余电荷的部分放电。在此,也图示了根据方法变体b的喷射脉冲和辅助检测脉冲。显而易见的是,被指示为在虚线右边的可能的测量窗口在此大于在方法a的情况下的测量窗口。
图3示出根据本发明的方法的执行,其中,在特定喷射过程期间,对于一个发动机循环周期地实施方法a与方法b之间的来回切换。在左手侧的图中,图示了用于循环n的方法a,在中间的图中,图示用于循环n+1的方法b,并且在右手侧的图中,再次图示用于循环n+2的方法a。在这些图中,在每种情况下也针对对应方法图示了喷射脉冲和辅助检测脉冲。
用两种方法测量压电致动器处的压电电压,并将结果彼此相比较。当存在充分的对应性时,在其中不能够实施方法a的范围中实施方法b。当不存在充分的对应性时,不发生方法b的应用。
Claims (7)
1.一种用于操作柴油机共轨压电操作式伺服喷射器的方法,其中压电致动器借助于伺服阀来打开和关闭喷嘴针,其中,所述压电致动器被致动为传感器以便测量施加到所述伺服阀的力,所述方法包括以下步骤:
通过以下步骤针对每个操作点确定用于所述压电致动器的正确的电荷量,使得所述压电致动器产生对于力测量而言所必需的与所述伺服阀的力接触,而不通过打开所述伺服阀来影响喷射过程本身:
方法a:从处于0 V的非充电状态使所述压电致动器部分地充电;
方法b:使所述压电致动器从已经充电状态到剩余有限电荷部分地放电;
用两种方法测量压电电压,并将结果相比较;
当存在充分的对应性时,在其中不能够实施方法a的范围中实施方法b;并且
当不存在充分的对应性时,不应用方法b。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在实施所述力测量的喷射过程期间,对于一个发动机循环周期地实施方法a与方法b之间的来回切换。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,在实施所述力测量的主喷射期间执行所述方法。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,在存在稳定的轨燃料压力和可比较的请求的喷射量时实施所述方法。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法b包括从与实际喷射相关联的所述压电致动器的充电状态开始,实施所述压电致动器的部分放电。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法a包括在所述压电致动器的完全放电之后,执行部分充电。
7.一种机动车辆,其具有柴油机共轨压电操作式伺服喷射器和被设计成实施根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法的控制单元。
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JPH10288119A (ja) | 1997-04-18 | 1998-10-27 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料噴射弁の駆動装置 |
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DE102016206476B3 (de) | 2017-06-14 |
US10746120B2 (en) | 2020-08-18 |
CN109072837A (zh) | 2018-12-21 |
WO2017182195A1 (de) | 2017-10-26 |
US20190128201A1 (en) | 2019-05-02 |
KR102124271B1 (ko) | 2020-06-17 |
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