CN109072354A - Aluminium alloy for casting and the method that manufactures component with this aluminium alloy - Google Patents
Aluminium alloy for casting and the method that manufactures component with this aluminium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN109072354A CN109072354A CN201780020676.9A CN201780020676A CN109072354A CN 109072354 A CN109072354 A CN 109072354A CN 201780020676 A CN201780020676 A CN 201780020676A CN 109072354 A CN109072354 A CN 109072354A
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- Prior art keywords
- aluminium alloy
- alloy
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- casting
- manganese
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
- B22D21/002—Castings of light metals
- B22D21/007—Castings of light metals with low melting point, e.g. Al 659 degrees C, Mg 650 degrees C
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
- C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/16—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with magnesium
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of especially for the aluminium alloy of casting, wherein the aluminium alloy at least has aluminium, magnesium, manganese and copper, wherein the aluminium alloy includes the molybdenum of 0.001wt.% to 0.50wt.%, the magnesium of 0.05wt.% to 0.45wt.%, the manganese of 0.05wt.% to 0.60wt.%, the up to iron of 1.5wt.%, the vanadium of the copper and 0.001wt.% of 0.25wt.% to 4.00wt.% to 0.25wt.%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to claim 1 it is as described in the preamble it is a kind of especially for casting aluminium alloy,
A kind of and method for manufacturing component with this aluminium alloy.
Background technique
This aluminium alloy for being especially used for casting is for example disclosed by 10 2,011 115 345A1 of DE.This aluminium
Alloy at least has aluminium (Al), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu).
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of aluminium alloy of type described in opening paragraph and a kind of methods, to realize component
Very favorable characteristic, especially mechanical property.
The present invention to a kind of aluminium alloy that the solution of reaching above-mentioned purpose is the feature with claim 1 and
A kind of method of feature with claim 5.Of the invention has the Advantageous techniques scheme beneficial to evolutionary approach refering to other
Claim.
A kind of for type described in the preamble claim 1 especially carries out for the aluminium alloy of casting into one
Step research and development, so that the very favorable characteristic of the component made of the aluminium alloy, especially mechanical property are realized, according to this hair
Bright, the aluminium alloy has the molybdenum of 0.001 weight percent (wt.%) to 0.50 weight percent (wt.%).The aluminium alloy
Also with the magnesium of 0.05wt.% to 0.45wt.%, the manganese of 0.05w.t% to 0.60wt.%, up to 1.5wt.% iron and
The copper and 0.001wt.% of 0.25wt.% to 4.00wt.% to 0.25wt.% vanadium.The aluminium alloy preferably has at least
0.10wt% and the manganese for being less than 0.40wt.%.
It is a discovery of the invention that by adjusting magnesium density, the especially level of adjustment to less than 0.30wt.% just can be reduced crisp
The ratio of property π-Al8FeMg3Si6 phase so that these are mutually no longer present, therefore to the aluminium alloy or will not be made from it
The ductility of component has a negative impact.The level that manganese content is decreased to less than 0.40wt.% is advantageously reduced into iron content/manganese gold
The setting temperature of phase Al15 (Fe, Mn) 3Si2 between category, occur the intermetallic phase can not with thick block shape.
According to another particularly advantageous scheme, the aluminium alloy has (to be contained) in 0.001wt.% (containing) to 0.50wt.%
Range in molybdenum (Mo), wherein preferably, the aluminium alloy has the molybdenum of 0.10wt.%.Pass through pointedly adding proportion
The for example, molybdenum of 0.10wt.%, moreover it is possible to aforementioned iron/manganese phase (Fe/Mn phase) rounding be caused to be molded into polygon form and more smart
Site preparation distribution, to further increase ductility.In short, can be achieved with the enough ductility for elongation at break in this way, this
It is a little particularly advantageous when component made of the aluminium alloy will be used to be applied to automotive transmission.The component can for example construct
For the crankcase of internal combustion engine, which is preferably configured to diesel engine.As an alternative, the component is also possible to Otto hair
The component of the internal combustion engine of motivation.This component made of the aluminium alloy has enough because of the strength mechanism of the aluminium alloy
Intensity, especially heat resistance.It is that can be for example configured to the aluminium alloy to manufacture using another advantage of aluminium alloy of the invention
The cylinder head of the internal combustion engine of reciprocating internal combustion engine, thus can be by single Alloyapplication in crankcase and cylinder head.To reduce
Cost, logistics and energy consumption and CO2 discharge in Foundry Works and in removal process.It furthermore can also be artificial old by enabling aluminum alloy to
Change, realizes that intensity is improved by the cupric in aluminum matrix and/or precipitate containing magnesium.
After manufacturing component using aluminium alloy of the invention, component may have in condition of heat treatment T5mod in room temperature
It is greater than 0.2% yield strength R of 180 megapascal downp0.2, greater than the tensile strength R of 220 megapascalmIt is stretched with the fracture for being greater than percent 1
Long rate A5, and there is the 0.2% yield strength Rp for being greater than 200 megapascal at room temperature in condition of heat treatment T6red0.2, it is greater than
The tensile strength R of 230 megapascalmWith the elongation at break A for being greater than percent 1.55.In condition of heat treatment T5mod, in test temperature
When degree is 150 degree Celsius, following values can reach: Rp0.2> 170 megapascal, Rm> 210 megapascal, A51.5 > percent.
In condition of heat treatment T6red, when test temperature is 150 degree Celsius, following values can reach: Rp0.2> 200 million
Pa, Rm> 220 megapascal, A53 > percent.
Present invention is primarily based on following understanding: higher in Fe content (Fe- iron) by reducing content of magnesium, that is, magnesium ratio
Phase between inhibition brittle metal in alloy, to realize that ductility improves.Copper can greatly improve intensity by artificial ageing simultaneously
The heat resistance of aluminium alloy can be improved.
Aluminium alloy of the invention is particularly conducive to the heavy wall formula component that manufacture wall thickness is 4 millimeters (containing) to 30 millimeters (containing).
In addition, the casting for manufacturing component with aluminium alloy refers to casting die or laminar flow casting die or sand according to a preferred embodiment
Type/permanent mould casting method.Aluminium alloy of the invention especially heat resistant type aluminium alloy, espespecially heat resistant type cast aluminium alloy gold, main
Advantage is adapted for manufacturing powertrain component.
The invention further relates to a kind of methods for manufacturing component with aluminium alloy of the invention.The advantages of aluminium alloy of the invention and
Advantageous techniques scheme is considered as the advantages of method of the invention and Advantageous techniques scheme, and vice versa.
Detailed description of the invention
More advantages, features, and details of the invention are refering to below in conjunction with attached drawing description of preferred embodiments；In figure:
Fig. 1 is backscattered electron image of the alloy 233 with copper (Cu) and molybdenum (Mo) in condition of heat treatment T5mod
The schematic diagram of (BSE image), wherein the component for being for example configured to crankcase is made up with above-mentioned alloy of die casting；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the BSE image of alloy 226D (AlSi10Cu3) in condition of heat treatment T5mod, wherein for example
Crankcase is made of the alloy；
Fig. 3 is BSE image of the alloy 233 with Cu and Mo in condition of heat treatment T6red；
Fig. 4 is BSE image of the alloy 226D in condition of heat treatment T6red；
Fig. 5 is the chart for showing the mechanical property value of the component being made of respective alloy at room temperature；And
Fig. 6 is the chart for showing mechanical property value of the component made of respective alloy under 150 degree Celsius.
Specific embodiment
The identical element of identical or function is indicated with same appended drawing reference in attached drawing.
Fig. 1 to 4 shows the backscattered electron image (BSE image) of the alloy for manufacturing respective members.The alloy example
It such as refers to aluminium alloy, espespecially cast aluminium alloy gold, preferably refers to heat resistant type cast aluminium alloy gold.The component made of the alloy
For example, it is applied to the component of automotive transmission, wherein the component is, for example, crankcase, espespecially die casting crankcase.Also that is, using institute
Alloy is stated by casting (especially die casting) to manufacture this component.Espespecially wall thickness is 4 millimeters (containing) to 30 millimeters to the component
The heavy wall formula component of (containing).By will hereafter give the aluminium alloy of detailed description, it is just able to achieve the particularly advantageous characteristic of component, it is special
It is not mechanical property.The aluminium alloy preferably has following components:
The silicon of 8.0wt.% to 11.0wt.%,
The copper of 0.25wt.% to 4.00wt.%,
The magnesium of 0.10wt.% to 0.50wt.%,
The manganese of 0.05wt.% to 0.60wt.%,
Titanium less than or equal to 0.3wt.%,
Zirconium less than or equal to 0.3wt.%,
Less than or equal to the strontium of 400 parts per million (ppm),
The iron of most 1.5wt.%,
The zinc of most 1.5wt.%,
The vanadium of 0.001wt.% to 0.25wt.%,
In addition the molybdenum of the 0.01wt% to 0.50wt% also added,
The chromium of most 0.25wt.%,
The nickel of most 0.20wt.%,
The cobalt of most 0.15wt.%,
Remaining ingredient is aluminium, wherein optionally there may be impurity or other element, ratio is less than 0.05wt.%.
Particularly, the aluminium alloy preferably has at least 0.10wt.% and is less than the magnesium of 0.30wt.%.Optionally or separately
Other places, the aluminium alloy preferably have at least 0.10wt.% and are less than the manganese of 0.40wt.%.By reducing manganese concentration, to inhibit
Iron content-manganese intermetallic phase Al before forming al mixed crystal15(Fe,Mn)3Si2- phase largely be concentrically formed (Bildung), to prevent from forming thick block shape.And molybdenum is additionally added in order to condense iron (Fe)
(Mo), to realize iron-intermetallic phase polygon form and finishing distribution.Thus inhibit needle-shaped or sheet β-
The formation of Al5FeSi- phase, these, which are met in higher Fe content and lower Mn (Mn: manganese) content, occurs.Content of magnesium is reduced, from
And π-Al8FeMg3Si6- phase is not formed as far as possible.This will not mutually be dissolved under 465 degree of solid solution temperature Celsius, only can be because
The Fe content of raising and so that the magnesium (Mg) of additional alloy is condensed and is generated phase between bone shape ferrous metal, these meet disconnected to reduce
The form for splitting elongation has a negative impact to ductility, and can not be used to form precipitate and realize that intensity improves.
The effect of the copper content (Cu content) is, can be achieved what intensity improved based on being formed during artificial ageing
Precipitate pointedly adjusts required intensity.It but should be noted that excessively high copper than regular meeting in T5 heat treatment process
Cause brittleness.When implementing T6 heat treatment, whole potential strengths of copper can be fully applicable to alloy.
The effect of addition titanium (Ti) is to realize the crystal grain macro of aluminium ingotism.It is combined with the zirconium (Zr) of respective concentration
The Al that intensity raising may be implemented just can be generated afterwards3(Ti, Zr)-precipitate.It is noted herein that the alloy of titanium and zirconium is dense
Degree is not answered excessively high, otherwise be will form Al-Ti-Zr intermetallic phase and is reduced ductility.The effect for adding strontium (Sr) is to Al/Si
Eutectic carries out finishing, is coralliform form from thick sheet finishing, to improve ductility.The Si form of this finishing is easy to logical
T6 solution treatment is crossed to form rapidly and can be further improved ductility.
The process for manufacturing component with this aluminium alloy is described below.In the fabrication process, with intermediate alloy, pure member
The aforementioned aluminium alloy of usually melting or by under the conditions of sufficiently high temperature by corresponding secondary alloy (such as 233 or 226) close
Aurification manufactures this aluminium alloy.In addition, the alloy is injected one under conditions of 650 degree to 720 degree Celsius at least Celsius
Permanent mo(u)ld through temperature adjustment and forced exhaust or vacuum evacuation.When casting temperature is too low, there are mold is under charge and cold conditions
When casting temperature is excessively high, there is the dangerous of hole, shrinkage cavity and fire check in the danger for operating and being harmful formed intermetallic phase
It will increase.After being taken out by the manufactured component of casting ,-for realize condition of heat treatment T6red- and under air by the component
Carry out it is cooling or-to realize that condition of heat treatment T5mod- is cooled down by water.
It can be seen that the particularity of the structure of the component manufactured with aluminium alloy in conjunction with Fig. 1 to 4.Fig. 1 is upper with copper and molybdenum
State the backscattered electron image of secondary alloy 233.It can be seen that the round intermetallic phase of AlFeMnSi containing molybdenum to polygon in figure.This
It is a little to be mutually located between the Al ingotisms in Al/Si eutectic in a manner of opposite be equally spaced, because its simultaneously with the eutectic
Body is coagulated together.Because the phase volume is smaller and has rounded form, the ductility of secondary alloy is improved.π-phase
Al8FeMg3Si6 dispersedly exists, and can not be dissolved by the solution treatment under 465 degree Celsius (refering to Fig. 3).Pass through reduction
Mg content can suppress the formation of the brittlement phase, to further increase ductility.Issuable phase Φ-in process of setting
Al2Cu and Q-Al5Cu2Mg8Si6It can be by the solution treatment under 450 degree Celsius in dissolution (refering to Fig. 3) in three hours, so that at this
The alloying element Mg and Cu condensed in a little phases is used to form precipitate in Al mixed crystal.
Fig. 2 is the backscattered electron image of above-mentioned secondary alloy 226D (AlSi10Cu3).Based on higher Fe and Mn content
And there are phase Al15 between thick reguline metal (Fe, Mn, Cr, Cu) 3Si2- phases, mainly in the casting chamber of die casting machine due to its size
Middle formation.This accumulation of brittlement phase can adversely affect ductility.It additionally, there may be lesser polygon ferrous metal
Between phase, can just be generated in die casting truly.In addition to phase between these ferrous metals, also deposited based on higher iron content
In β-Al5FeSi- phase is in needle-shaped in two dimension slicing and is actually in three-dimensional sheet, thus is rendered as being located at extending Al
Large area sharp edge formula structure separation between ingotism.These, which are met, significantly reduces ductility.Additionally due to the secondary conjunction
The content of Ni impurity in gold is relatively high, also will form Al7Cu2 (Fe, Ni)-phase, can not pass through consolidating under 465 degree Celsius
It is molten processing and dissolve, thus be still rendered as brittlement phase and make Cu condensation (refering to Fig. 4).
The not Al-Al in the form of eutectic is formed by during alloy graining2Cu-Al5Cu2Mg8Si6Al existing for-Si2Cu
Can be completely dissolved by the solution treatment under 465 degree Celsius (refering to Fig. 4), thus by water quenching, Al mixed crystal with
After can exist Cu supersaturation.But under 465 degree Celsius after three hours, eutectic object Al-Al2Cu-Al5Cu2Mg8Si6- Si can not be complete
Dissolution.Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is the chart for showing the mechanical property of the component made of above-mentioned aluminium alloy.Vertical bar 10 in figure indicates
0.2% yield strength Rp0.2, wherein vertical bar 12 indicates yield limit Rm.In addition, triangle 14 indicates elongation at break A5。
Claims (7)
1. it is a kind of especially for the aluminium alloy of casting, wherein the aluminium alloy at least has aluminium, magnesium, manganese and copper,
It is characterized in that,
The aluminium alloy includes
The molybdenum of -0.001wt.% to 0.50wt.%,
The magnesium of -0.05wt.% to 0.45wt.%,
The manganese of -0.05wt.% to 0.60wt.%,
The up to iron of 1.5wt.%,
The copper of -0.25wt.% to 4.00wt.%, and
The vanadium of -0.001wt.% to 0.25wt.%.
2. aluminium alloy according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that,
The aluminium alloy has at least 0.10wt.% and is less than the manganese of 0.40wt.%.
3. aluminium alloy according to any one of the preceding claims,
It is characterized in that,
The aluminium alloy has the silicon of 8.0wt.% to 11.0wt.%.
4. aluminium alloy according to any one of the preceding claims,
It is characterized in that,
The aluminium alloy includes
The titanium of most 0.3wt.%,
The zirconium of most 0.3wt.%,
The strontium of most 400 parts per million,
The zinc of most 1.5wt.%,
The chromium of most 0.25wt.%,
The nickel of most 0.20wt.%,
The cobalt of most 0.15wt.%.
5. a kind of method by aluminium alloy according to any one of the preceding claims manufacture component, the method is to pass through
The mode of no pressure is cast in a manner of pressurizeing under the effective pressure of 0bar to 1000bar.
6. according to the method described in claim 5,
It is characterized in that,
650 degree Celsius to 730 degree Celsius at a temperature of will the aluminium alloy inject mold in.
7. according to the method described in claim 6,
It is characterized in that,
580 degree Celsius to 650 degree Celsius at a temperature of thixotroping, by way of no pressure or in 0bar to 1000bar
Effective pressure under the mode pressurizeed cast the aluminium alloy.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016004216.8 | 2016-04-07 | ||
| DE102016004216.8A DE102016004216A1 (en) | 2016-04-07 | 2016-04-07 | Aluminum alloy, in particular for a casting method, and method for producing a component from such an aluminum alloy |
| PCT/EP2017/000411 WO2017174185A1 (en) | 2016-04-07 | 2017-04-04 | Aluminum alloy, in particular for a casting method, and method for producing a component from such an aluminum alloy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109072354A true CN109072354A (en) | 2018-12-21 |
Family
ID=56890149
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201780020676.9A Pending CN109072354A (en) | 2016-04-07 | 2017-04-04 | Aluminium alloy for casting and the method that manufactures component with this aluminium alloy |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20190093199A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2019516013A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN109072354A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102016004216A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2017174185A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102017007475A1 (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2018-02-22 | Daimler Ag | Process for alloying an Al-containing starting alloy |
| CN107815560A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-03-20 | 徐长勇 | A kind of high quality alloy aluminium bar preparation technology |
| DE102019205267B3 (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2020-09-03 | Audi Ag | Die-cast aluminum alloy |
| KR20210042639A (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2021-04-20 | 주식회사 삼기 | Manufacturing method of aluminum casting, aluminum casting manufactured by the method |
| DE102021102268A1 (en) | 2021-02-01 | 2022-08-04 | Trimet Aluminium Se | Aluminum alloy, aluminum alloy component and method of manufacturing an aluminum alloy component |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20190093199A1 (en) | 2019-03-28 |
| DE102016004216A1 (en) | 2016-09-29 |
| WO2017174185A1 (en) | 2017-10-12 |
| JP2019516013A (en) | 2019-06-13 |
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