CN109043289A - A kind of natural Rhizoma Gastrodiae Multiple preservative solutions and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of natural Rhizoma Gastrodiae Multiple preservative solutions and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN109043289A CN109043289A CN201810655867.9A CN201810655867A CN109043289A CN 109043289 A CN109043289 A CN 109043289A CN 201810655867 A CN201810655867 A CN 201810655867A CN 109043289 A CN109043289 A CN 109043289A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23L3/3562—Sugars; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to food preservative technology fields, disclose a kind of natural Rhizoma Gastrodiae Multiple preservative solutions and its preparation method and application, the fresh Rhizoma Gastrodiae after selecting, which is put into Multiple preservative solutions, to be impregnated, and is pulled out, is drained, sets and dry at shady and cool ventilation；It is put into vacuum fresh-keeping bag and is filled in fresh antistaling agent or PE freshness protection package, store.Multiple preservative solutions are made of Prunella vulgaris medicinal extract, extract of taraxacum, egg white extract, chitosan and distilled water according to parts by weight.It is fresh-keeping that the present invention is applied to Rhizoma Gastrodiae, Rhizoma Gastrodiae can be delayed putrid and deteriorated, mass loss rate, rotting rate, mda content and the total number of bacterial colonies of Rhizoma Gastrodiae can be reduced, it can inhibit the decline of Gastrodin, holding good nutrition value and commodity property, in beautiful color, mouthfeel is all good, longest can be balanced dull and rush season demand, extend the abundant product structure of market supply shelf life, and be met Rhizoma Gastrodiae fresh food consumption habit with fresh-keeping 12 months or more.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to food preservative technology fields more particularly to a kind of natural Rhizoma Gastrodiae Multiple preservative solutions and preparation method thereof
And application.
Background technique
Rhizoma Gastrodiae also known as rhizoma gastrodiae, solely shake sesame, from it is female, close from grass, god grass, yellow moccasin flower, Mokpo, RHIZONA GASTRODIAE, wind grass, Bai Longpi
Deng being orchid family Gastrodia herbaceos perennial.Rhizomes is plump, no greenery, capsule obovate elliptic, often with stem tuber or kind
Son breeding.Its rhizome be used as medicine to treat have a dizzy spell, the diseases such as extremity numbness, child convulsion, be rare Chinese medicine.Rhizoma Gastrodiae both can be with
As medicinal raw material, can also be used as raw-food material, be that common people welcome and favorite healthy food materials, can be used for gastrodia liquor,
The food such as its pitted skin, Rhizoma Gastrodiae powder, gastrodia elata slice, day flax silk, gastrodia elata candy, gastrodia tea process raw material.Over the past thousands of years, China civil one
It is directly used Rhizoma Gastrodiae as integration of drinking and medicinal herbs medicinal material, carries out the edible and habit drunk of steeping in wine as food materials Baoshang, annual Rhizoma Gastrodiae produces
New time, the common people in each Rhizoma Gastrodiae producing region such as Shaanxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hubei, Anhui have the biography that delicious food is cooked using Rhizoma Gastrodiae
System habit, such as it has been widely known that Gallus domesticlus brisson, which stewes the stewed Rhizoma Gastrodiae dish of Rhizoma Gastrodiae, squab,.
Circulating in the market is more with the dry Rhizoma Gastrodiae after processing, but after dry Rhizoma Gastrodiae has the disadvantage in that 1. Rhizoma Gastrodiae is drying
Shrinking percentage is big, and surface shrinkage is obvious, and aesthetic quality is poor, and institutional framework changes, and hardness is very big, and rehydration is poor, using preceding wanting
It is extremely inconvenient by foamed process；2. being given birth to during Rhizoma Gastrodiae is drying to the sugar in raw material, mineral element, ash content, protein, dimension
Element, phenolic substances and its oxidation resistance all have different degrees of influence, it is drying after Rhizoma Gastrodiae part nutritional ingredient lose, have
Effect ingredient is destroyed, poor taste, and the dish shape taste produced is also bad；3. Rhizoma Gastrodiae Preparation process link is in order to pursue pharmaceutical decocting piece
Color is often smoked using sulphur, and sulphur residual has certain toxic action to human body in dry Rhizoma Gastrodiae.
Wet Rhizoma Gastrodiae because of its good mouthfeel, unique flavor, full of nutrition, healthcare function is significant, edible and easy to process and deep
It is growing to the demand of fresh gastrodia elata by people's pro-gaze, but fresh gastrodia elata collecting time is in annual November or March,
Time compares concentration, and the time is short, and the fresh gastrodia elata after harvesting is easily putrid and deteriorated, and it is fresh-keeping to be badly in need of effective pure natural Rhizoma Gastrodiae
Agent is applied in the fresh-retaining preserving of Rhizoma Gastrodiae.
In conclusion being based on problem of the existing technology: it is compound that the prior art does not develop a kind of natural Rhizoma Gastrodiae
Fresh-keeping liquid, and be applied to fresh gastrodia elata it is fresh-keeping in；And the prior art keeps various nutritional ingredients and health value in Rhizoma Gastrodiae
Difference keeps original color, good appearance, color mouthfeel difference etc..
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of natural Rhizoma Gastrodiae Multiple preservative solutions preparation method and
Using.
The invention is realized in this way a kind of preparation method of the Multiple preservative solutions, the preparation of the Multiple preservative solutions
Method the following steps are included:
Step 1, Prunella vulgaris powder is by material: liquid=1:6~16 are separately added into 60% ethanol solution, room temperature, and 600W~
1000W, ultrasonic 5min~10min, 80 DEG C of refluxing extraction 2h are extracted 2 times, collect combined extract；Standing sedimentation filters, filter
Liquid 4000r/min is centrifuged 10min, collects centrifugate, is concentrated under reduced pressure as original volume 1/5-1/6, recycles ethyl alcohol, and freeze-drying obtains
To Prunella vulgaris medicinal extract；
Step 2, dandelion powder is by material: Extraction solvent is added in liquid=1:6~16, and Extraction solvent is ethyl alcohol and acetic acid second
Ester admixture；Room temperature, 600W~1000W, ultrasonic 5min~10min, 80 DEG C of refluxing extraction 2h are extracted 2 times, are collected to merge and be extracted
Liquid.Standing sedimentation, filtering, filtrate 4000r/min are centrifuged 10min, collect centrifugate, are concentrated under reduced pressure as original volume 1/5-1/6,
Extraction solvent is recycled, volatilization removes ethyl acetate, and freeze-drying obtains extract of taraxacum；
Step 3 prepares egg white, adjusts pH 7.0 or so, and 724 type Weak-acid cation exchangeability resin adsorptions elute, 39%
Saturated ammonium sulphate, the bag filter of interception 8KDa dialyses desalination；CM-52 cation-exchange chromatography column chromatography, is collected, thoroughly
Desalination is analysed, concentration obtains egg white extract；
Further, ethyl alcohol in the step 2: ethyl acetate=1:5~1:5.
Step 4, according to 4 parts -8 parts of Prunella vulgaris medicinal extract, 4 parts -8 parts of extract of taraxacum, 10 parts -20 parts of egg white extract, shell
2 parts -6 parts of glycan, 60 parts -80 parts of distilled water are mixed to prepare Rhizoma Gastrodiae fresh-keeping liquid.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Multiple preservative solutions as follows: according to parts by weight by 4 parts of Prunella vulgaris medicinal extract-
8 parts, 4 parts -8 parts of extract of taraxacum, 60 parts of 10 parts -20 parts of egg white extract, 2 parts -6 parts of chitosan and distilled water -80 parts of compositions.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of application method of the Multiple preservative solutions of fresh-keeping gastrodia tuber, including as follows
Step:
Step 1: the Rhizoma Gastrodiae after draining is put into Multiple preservative solutions by the application method of the Multiple preservative solutions of the fresh-keeping gastrodia tuber
3min-6min is impregnated in (30%-40% that fresh-keeping liquid is fresh Rhizoma Gastrodiae weight), is gently mixed, keeps Rhizoma Gastrodiae pit sufficiently complete
Fresh-keeping liquid is contacted, pulls out, drains, set and dried at shady and cool ventilation.
Step 2: the fresh Rhizoma Gastrodiae after ventilation is dried is put into vacuum fresh-keeping bag and is filled with the fresh antistaling agent or PE of 2-4%
In freshness protection package, stored at 4 DEG C or room temperature (20 ± 2) DEG C.
Further, it is described drain before need to select without machinery wound, the Rhizoma Gastrodiae of no disease and pests harm removes silt, is washed with water clean.
Advantages of the present invention and good effect are as follows: the antistaling agent preparation method is simple, is natural origin, without chemistry at
Point.Antistaling agent is applied to Rhizoma Gastrodiae can be delayed easily putrid and deteriorated after Rhizoma Gastrodiae is fresh-keeping, reduce the mass loss rate of Rhizoma Gastrodiae, rotting rate,
Mda content and total number of bacterial colonies can inhibit Rhizoma Gastrodiae hardness, keep good mouthfeel, be able to maintain content, the VC of Gastrodin
Mass fraction ensure that the health-care efficacy of Rhizoma Gastrodiae, the above testing index and the equal significant difference of control group.Gained fresh-keeping gastrodia tuber is kept
Good nutrition value and commodity property, can store 4 months at room temperature, can store 12 months under the conditions of being vacuum-packed in 4 DEG C,
Dull and rush season demand can be balanced, extend market supply shelf life.
1. the Rhizoma Gastrodiae of fresh-keeping liquid production of the invention, which has the advantage that, maintains various nutritional ingredients and health care in Rhizoma Gastrodiae
Value, edible nourishing is more preferably；2. commodity value is high, it is all good to maintain original color, good appearance, color mouthfeel；3. eliminating
The program to foam before edible, it is very easy to use, it is used convenient for consumer；4. fresh-keeping Rhizoma Gastrodiae does not have the processing that sulphur is smoked
Journey, so less with worry sulphur residual.5. fresh-keeping Rhizoma Gastrodiae can save 12 months, dull and rush season demand can be balanced, extend market
Shelf life, abundant product structure are supplied, Rhizoma Gastrodiae fresh food consumption habit is met.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the preparation method flow chart of natural Rhizoma Gastrodiae Multiple preservative solutions provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Fresh gastrodia elata because its good mouthfeel, unique flavor, full of nutrition, healthcare function is significant, it is edible and easy to process due to
It is growing to the demand of fresh gastrodia elata deeply by people's pro-gaze, but fresh gastrodia elata collecting time compares concentration, and time
Short, the fresh gastrodia elata after harvesting is easily putrid and deteriorated, is badly in need of the fresh-keeping storage that effective pure natural Rhizoma Gastrodiae antistaling agent is applied to Rhizoma Gastrodiae
In hiding.Pure natural Rhizoma Gastrodiae fresh-keeping liquid can be reduced fresh Rhizoma Gastrodiae loss, keeps good nutrition value and commodity property, can balance dull and rush season
Demand extends market supply shelf life, abundant product structure, meets Rhizoma Gastrodiae fresh food consumption habit, and people can be made abundant
Using the health value of Rhizoma Gastrodiae, a kind of harmless green additive.
Application principle of the invention is explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Natural Rhizoma Gastrodiae Multiple preservative solutions provided in an embodiment of the present invention according to parts by weight by 4 parts -8 parts of Prunella vulgaris medicinal extract,
60 parts of 4 parts -8 parts of extract of taraxacum, 10 parts -20 parts of egg white extract, 2 parts -6 parts of chitosan and distilled water -80 parts of compositions.
As shown in Figure 1, the preparation method of natural Rhizoma Gastrodiae Multiple preservative solutions provided in an embodiment of the present invention the following steps are included:
S101: Prunella vulgaris powder is by material: liquid=1:6~16 are separately added into 60% ethanol solution, room temperature, 600W~1000W,
Ultrasonic 5min~10min, 80 DEG C of refluxing extraction 2h are extracted 2 times, collect combined extract.Standing sedimentation, filtering, filtrate
4000r/min is centrifuged 10min, collects centrifugate, is concentrated under reduced pressure as original volume 1/5-1/6, recycles ethyl alcohol, and freeze-drying obtains
Prunella vulgaris medicinal extract；
S102: dandelion powder is by material: Extraction solvent is added in liquid=1:6~16, and Extraction solvent is ethyl alcohol and ethyl acetate
Mixture (ethyl alcohol: ethyl acetate=1:5~1:5).Room temperature, 600W~1000W, ultrasonic 5min~10min, 80 DEG C of refluxing extractions
2h is extracted 2 times, collects combined extract.Standing sedimentation, filtering, filtrate 4000r/min are centrifuged 10min, collect centrifugate, subtract
Pressure concentration is original volume 1/5-1/6, recycles Extraction solvent, and volatilization removes ethyl acetate, and freeze-drying obtains extract of taraxacum；
S103: preparing egg white, adjusts pH 7.0 or so, and 724 type Weak-acid cation exchangeability resin adsorptions elute, 39%
Saturated ammonium sulphate, the bag filter dialysis desalination of interception 8KDa.CM-52 cation-exchange chromatography column chromatography, is collected, dialysis
Desalination, concentration, obtains egg white extract；
S104: according to 4 parts -8 parts of Prunella vulgaris medicinal extract, 4 parts -8 parts of extract of taraxacum, 10 parts -20 parts of egg white extract, shell is poly-
2 parts -6 parts of sugar, 60 parts -80 parts of distilled water are mixed to prepare Rhizoma Gastrodiae fresh-keeping liquid.
The application method of natural Rhizoma Gastrodiae Multiple preservative solutions provided in an embodiment of the present invention are as follows:
(1) selection removes silt without machinery wound, the Rhizoma Gastrodiae of no disease and pests harm, is washed with water completely, drains.
(2) Rhizoma Gastrodiae after draining is put into fresh-keeping solution (30%-40% that fresh-keeping liquid is fresh Rhizoma Gastrodiae weight) and impregnates 3min-
6min is pulled out, is drained, and is set and is dried at shady and cool ventilation.Rhizoma Gastrodiae is put into vacuum fresh-keeping bag and is filled with the fresh antistaling agent or PE of 2-4%
In freshness protection package, stored at 4 DEG C or room temperature (20 ± 2) DEG C.
Application principle of the invention is further described combined with specific embodiments below.
The preparation methods of natural Rhizoma Gastrodiae Multiple preservative solutions provided in an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:
(1) preparation of Prunella vulgaris extract
The Prunella vulgaris powder for accurately weighing degreasing is fitted into boiling flask, and by material: liquid=1:6~16 are separately added into 60% second
Boiling flask is placed in 600~1000W in numerical control ultrasonic cleaner by alcoholic solution, and room temperature ultrasound 5~10 minutes, then 80
DEG C carry out refluxing extraction 2 hours, extract 2 times, collect combined extract.Standing sedimentation, with four layers of filtered through gauze, filtrate 4000r/
Min is centrifuged 10 minutes, discards impurity, collects centrifugate, and the extracting solution of collection is in Rotary Evaporators, in 45r/min, 45 DEG C,
It is concentrated under the conditions of 0.09MPa, until volume is original volume 1/5-1/6 after concentration, recycles ethyl alcohol.The extracting solution of concentration is transferred to clean
In net culture dish, -20 DEG C of refrigerator are placed in, it is made to be frozen into solid ice bulk.Then the concentration liquid extract freezed is put
Vacuum freeze drying is carried out in into vacuum freeze drier, and dry extract weighing is finally stored in 4 DEG C of refrigerators, it is spare,
It is denoted as extractum A.
(2) preparation of dandelion extract
Dandelion is crushed, by material: Extraction solvent is added in liquid=1:6~16, and Extraction solvent is that ethyl alcohol and ethyl acetate are mixed
It closes object (ethyl alcohol: ethyl acetate=1:5~1:5).First in room temperature, the ultrasonic extraction instrument of 1000W, then ultrasound 10 minutes exists
80 DEG C of progress refluxing extractions are extracted 2 hours, are extracted 2 times, and extracting solution is collected.It is concentrated under reduced pressure, in 45r/min, 45 DEG C, 0.09MPa
Under the conditions of be concentrated, be concentrated most original volume 1/5-1/6.The extracting solution of concentration is transferred in clean culture dish, and volatilization removes second
Acetoacetic ester, then vacuum refrigeration is dry, and dry extract weighing is finally stored in 4 DEG C of refrigerators, spare, is denoted as medicinal extract B.
(3) the extraction separation and purification preparation of lysozyme
(1) egg white sample preparation
Egg is cleaned and is dried, eggshell is broken into pieces, is filtered out yolk with Yolk separator, egg white is collected, with the six of sterilizing
Layer filtered through gauze egg white removes the impurity such as scrambled egg shell and umbilical cord block, and the pH of egg white solution is adjusted to 7.0 with the HCL solution of 1mol/l
Left and right.
(2) cation exchange resin separates
724 type Weak-acid cation exchangeability resins are pre-, washed 3 times with clear water, and 45 DEG C of warm water impregnate 2 hours, are filtered dry.3%
NaOH impregnates 6h, then is washed till neutrality with deionized water.To be washed till 724 neutral resin phosphate buffers (pH6.5,
0.15mol/L) soaked overnight is filtered dry spare.Egg white is added to 724 resins (egg white: resin=25:1) handled well.Stirring is inhaled
The egg white resin compound 3000r/min of stratification is centrifuged 15min by attached 6h, 4 DEG C of standings；Resin is collected, egg white is recycled.
Resin concussion cleaning to clarification is removed into washing lotion, gently without foam to remove foreign protein with deionized water.The resin that will be cleaned up
Three times with PBS (0.15mol/L, pH 6.5) agitator treating isometric with deionized water water, tree is collected in each 20min, filtering
Rouge impregnates 10min with isometric 10% ammonium sulfate, stirs 30min, eluent is collected by filtration with nylon cloth.
(3) it saltouts and dialyses
It is slowly stirred the solid ammonium sulfate of addition 39% in eluent, is stood overnight for 4 DEG C after it is completely dissolved, then
3000rpm is centrifuged 15min, collects precipitating.Bag filter dialysis desalination of the sediment with interception 8KDa.
(4) cation exchange resin column chromatography separates
The sample of dialysis is dissolved, the CM- that the phosphate buffer through 0.05mol/L pH7.0 sufficiently balances is splined on
52 cation-exchange chromatography posts.Respectively with the phosphate of deionized water and 0.05mol/L pH 7.0 (respectively containing 0.2mol/L,
The NaCL of 0.4mol/L, 0.6mol/L, 0.8mol/L, 1.0mol/L) buffer progress gradient elution, flow velocity 0.5mL/min.
The column volume that twice of each gradient elution, each gradient collect 10 pipes, every pipe 3mL.Dialysis desalination, is concentrated into protein content 0.6
~1mg/mL, is denoted as extract C.
(4) preparation of antistaling agent
Afore-mentioned plants extract and enzyme extract are mixed, fresh-keeping liquid is made as:
(5) application of antistaling agent
Fresh-keeping application method of the Multiple preservative solutions to Rhizoma Gastrodiae:
Select size uniform, no machinery wound, the Rhizoma Gastrodiae of no disease and pests harm removes silt, is washed with water completely, guarantor is put into after drying
2min is impregnated in fresh solution, is pulled out, is drained, sets and is dried at shady and cool ventilation, be put into vacuum fresh-keeping bag and is filled with the fresh guarantor of 2-4%
It in fresh dose or PE freshness protection package, is stored at 4 DEG C or room temperature (20 ± 2) DEG C, observes storage effect, quality measurement loss late, softening
The indexs such as rotting rate, hardness, relative conductivity, mda content, total plate count, Gastrodin.
(6) fresh-keeping effect
(1) mass loss rate
Mass loss rate is calculated as follows in mass loss rate:
In formula: W0: Rhizoma Gastrodiae initial mass (g)；Wt: the quality (g) when Rhizoma Gastrodiae period of storage is t days；
With the extension of storage time, the Rhizoma Gastrodiae mass loss rate of each test group is gradually risen.3 kinds of embodiment fresh-keeping liquids
The Rhizoma Gastrodiae of processing is lower than control group in storage period mass loss rate, in 35d, the difference compared with the control group of embodiment 1
Significantly (P ﹤ 0.05).
1 mass loss rate of table (%)
(2) soften rotting rate
Scarlet with Rhizoma Gastrodiae surface color, appearance is full, and water stain-free on the basis of rotting without softening, counts softening rotting rate.Fruit
Fruit is divided into 4 grades: 0 grades by the fruit softening size that rots by real softening rotting rate, and no softening is rotted；1 grade, softening is rotted
Area is less than the 10% of fruit area；2 grades, soften the 10%-30% that the area that rots accounts for fruit area；3 grades, soften the area that rots
Greater than the 30% of fruit area.Softening rotting rate is calculated as follows:
Soften rotting rate=Σ (softening rank × this grade of fruit number that rot)/highest and softens rank of rotting × total fruit number
Amount × 100%
Table 2 softens rotting rate (%)
。
In storage, the rotting rate extension at any time of Rhizoma Gastrodiae difference antistaling agent processing and increase.When storage to the
When 10d, there was no significant difference for each processing group, and embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 be compared with the control group when storage is to 35d
Otherness is significant (P < 0.05).
(3) hardness
Hardness measures on Brookfield company of U.S. CT3 Texture instrument.
3 hardness (g) of table
。
(4) relative conductivity
Cell membrane is the protective barrier of bacterium, when cell membrane is by destroying, makes intracellular K+、Na+Equal small-molecule substances
Leakage, and then increase the conductivity of culture solution, therefore, the variation of bacterium solution conductivity reflects the change of bacterial cell membrane permeability
Change.It is in the trend being gradually increasing in the relative conductivity of storage period, the processing of Rhizoma Gastrodiae difference antistaling agent.It is storage initial stage, each
Rhizoma Gastrodiae relative conductivity ascensional range early period of processing is larger, and the later period rises slower.Data analysis shows, it is embodiment 1, real
The otherness for applying example 2 and embodiment 3 and control group is significant (P < 0.05).
4 relative conductivity of table increases percentage (%)
。
(5) mda content
Malonaldehyde (MDA) be plant organ aging or under adverse environmental factor membrane lipid peroxidation final toxic decomposition products it
One, it can generate that schiff bases etc. are a variety of to react with intracellular protein amino acid residue or nucleic acid reaction, cause enzymatic activity and film stream
Dynamic property reduces, and leads to the destruction of membrane structure and physiological integrity, content has directly reacted membrane lipid peroxidation degree and film
The degree of system injury.When storing 35 days, it is extremely significant (P < 0.01) that the MDA content of embodiment 1 compares otherness with control group.
The MDA content of embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 significant difference (P < 0.05) compared with the control group.Illustrate Rhizoma Gastrodiae in embodiment fresh-keeping liquid
Processing under storage can inhibit the accumulation of MDA content, delay Rhizoma Gastrodiae aging.
5 mda content of table (μm ol/g)
。
(6) total plate count
Total plate count measuring method carries out (GB according to national standard " measurement of food microbiological examination total plate count " national standard
4789.2-2010) carry out.In storage period, extension at any time, the total number of bacteria of Rhizoma Gastrodiae shows a increasing trend.In identical storage
The period is hidden, the total number of bacteria of control group will be far longer than the total number of bacteria of processing group.The Rhizoma Gastrodiae bacterium colony handled through embodiment 1 is total
Number is far below control group, and difference is extremely significant (P < 0.01).The Rhizoma Gastrodiae total plate count that embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 are handled far below pair
According to a group significant difference (P < 0.05).
5 total plate count (× 10 of table4CFU/g)
。
(7) gastrodin content
Gastrodin content measurement is measured the detection method of Rhizoma Gastrodiae according to Chinese Pharmacopoeia (version in 2015).Rhizoma Gastrodiae
The gastrodin content of storage period is integrally on a declining curve.The gastrodin content of control group is below the Gastrodin of antistaling agent processing
Content, when storing 35d, the gastrodin content of 1 processing group of embodiment is higher than National Pharmacopeia regulation (>=0.25%), embodiment 2
It is below standards of pharmacopoeia, Gastrodin near 0.24% and 0.20% with embodiment 3, but still has certain food therapy value.
Application principle of the invention is further described combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1:
(1) preparation of Prunella vulgaris extract: the Prunella vulgaris powder for accurately weighing degreasing is fitted into boiling flask, by material: liquid
=1:6~16 are separately added into 60% ethanol solution, and boiling flask is placed in 600~1000W in numerical control ultrasonic cleaner, room temperature
Ultrasound 5~10 minutes, then 80 DEG C progresss refluxing extraction 2 hours, extract 2 times, collection combined extract.Standing sedimentation is used
Four layers of filtered through gauze, filtrate 4000r/min are centrifuged 10 minutes, discard impurity, collect centrifugate, and the extracting solution of collection is rotating
It in evaporimeter, in 45r/min, 45 DEG C, is concentrated under the conditions of 0.09MPa, until volume is original volume 1/5-1/6, recycling after concentration
Ethyl alcohol.The extracting solution of concentration is transferred in clean culture dish, is placed in -20 DEG C of refrigerator, it is made to be frozen into solid ice bulk.Then
The concentration liquid extract freezed is put into and carries out vacuum freeze drying in vacuum freeze drier, finally by dry extract
Weighing is stored in 4 DEG C of refrigerators, spare, is denoted as extractum A.
(2) preparation of dandelion extract: dandelion is crushed, by material: Extraction solvent is added in liquid=1:6~16, extracts
Solvent is ethyl alcohol and ethyl acetate mixture (ethyl alcohol: ethyl acetate=1:5~1:5).First in room temperature, the ultrasonic extraction of 1000W
On instrument, ultrasound 10 minutes is extracted 2 hours then in 80 DEG C of progress refluxing extractions, is extracted 2 times, collects extracting solution.It is concentrated under reduced pressure,
It in 45r/min, 45 DEG C, is concentrated under the conditions of 0.09MPa, most original volume 1/5-1/6 is concentrated.The extracting solution of concentration is transferred to cleaning
Culture dish in, volatilization removes ethyl acetate, and then vacuum refrigeration is dry, and dry extract weighing is finally stored in 4 DEG C of ice
Case, it is spare, it is denoted as medicinal extract B.
(3) the extraction separation and purification preparation of lysozyme: 1. egg white sample preparation.Egg is cleaned and is dried, breaks egg into pieces
Shell is filtered out yolk with Yolk separator, collects egg white, removes scrambled egg shell and umbilical cord with six layers of filtered through gauze egg white of sterilizing
The pH of egg white solution is adjusted to 7.0 or so with the HCL solution of 1mol/l by the impurity such as block.2. cation exchange resin separates.724
Type Weak-acid cation exchangeability resin is pre-, is washed 3 times with clear water, and 45 DEG C of warm water impregnate 2 hours, are filtered dry.3% NaOH impregnates 6h,
Neutrality is washed till with deionized water again.724 resins for being washed till neutral were impregnated with phosphate buffer (pH6.5,0.15mol/L)
Night is filtered dry spare.Egg white is added to 724 resins (egg white: resin=25:1) handled well.Stirring and adsorbing 6h, 4 DEG C of standings will
The egg white resin compound 3000r/min of stratification is centrifuged 15min；Resin is collected, egg white is recycled.It will be set with deionized water
Rouge concussion cleaning, without foam, removes washing lotion, gently to clarification to remove foreign protein.By the resin cleaned up with deionized water water
Three times, each 20min, filtering collects resin, with isometric to isometric PBS (0.15mol/L, pH 6.5) agitator treating
10% ammonium sulfate impregnates 10min, stirs 30min, eluent is collected by filtration with nylon cloth.3. saltouing and dialysing.In eluent
In be slowly stirred be added 39% solid ammonium sulfate, stood overnight for 4 DEG C after it is completely dissolved, then 3000rpm, be centrifuged
15min collects precipitating.Bag filter dialysis desalination of the sediment with interception 8KDa.4. cation exchange resin column chromatography point
Dissolved from by the sample of dialysis, be splined on CM-52 sun that the phosphate buffer through 0.05mol/L pH7.0 sufficiently balances from
Sub- displacement chromatography column.(contain 0.2mol/L, 0.4mol/ respectively with the phosphate of deionized water and 0.05mol/L pH 7.0 respectively
L, the NaCL of 0.6mol/L, 0.8mol/L, 1.0mol/L) buffer progress gradient elution, flow velocity 0.5mL/min.Each ladder
Degree elutes twice of column volume, and each gradient collects 10 pipes, every pipe 3mL.Dialysis desalination, is concentrated into 0.6~1mg/ of protein content
ML is denoted as extract C.
(4) preparation of antistaling agent
Afore-mentioned plants extract and enzyme extract are mixed, fresh-keeping liquid is made as:
(5) selection of Rhizoma Gastrodiae: the application of antistaling agent: selecting size uniform, no machinery wound, and the Rhizoma Gastrodiae of no disease and pests harm removes
Silt is washed with water completely, is put into fresh-keeping solution after drying and impregnates 2min, pull out, drain, set and dry at shady and cool ventilation.
(6) application of antistaling agent: Rhizoma Gastrodiae will be drained and be packed into vacuum fresh-keeping bag, pour into the fresh above-mentioned of Rhizoma Gastrodiae weight 2-4%
Fresh-keeping liquid, sealing, vacuum-packed day ramie product are stored at 4 DEG C, are observed storage effect, can be stored 12 months.
Embodiment 2:
The preparation of natural extract and the preparation of antistaling agent are the same as embodiment 1.
The Rhizoma Gastrodiae fresh-keeping liquid progress prepared using same 1 the method for embodiment is fresh-keeping, and application method is as follows: will drain Rhizoma Gastrodiae
The fresh above-mentioned fresh-keeping liquid for being packed into vacuum fresh-keeping bag, pouring into Rhizoma Gastrodiae weight 2-4% seals, and the Rhizoma Gastrodiae packed in vacuum is at 20 DEG C
Storage is observed storage effect, can be stored 6 months.
Embodiment 3:
The preparation of natural extract and the preparation of antistaling agent are the same as embodiment 1.
The Rhizoma Gastrodiae fresh-keeping liquid progress prepared using same 1 the method for embodiment is fresh-keeping, and application method is as follows: will drain Rhizoma Gastrodiae
It is packed into PE freshness protection package, is stored in 4 DEG C, storage effect is observed, can store 2 months.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of application method of the Multiple preservative solutions of fresh-keeping gastrodia tuber, which is characterized in that the Multiple preservative solutions of the fresh-keeping gastrodia tuber
Application method the Rhizoma Gastrodiae after draining be put into Multiple preservative solutions impregnate 3-6min, pull out, drain, set and dry in the air at shady and cool ventilation
Dry, Rhizoma Gastrodiae is put into vacuum fresh-keeping bag and is filled in the fresh antistaling agent or PE freshness protection package of 2-4%, in 4 DEG C or room temperature (20 ± 2) DEG C
Lower storage.
2. the application method of the Multiple preservative solutions of fresh-keeping gastrodia tuber as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described drain before need
No machinery wound is selected, the Rhizoma Gastrodiae of no disease and pests harm removes silt, is washed with water clean.
3. a kind of Multiple preservative solutions that the application method of the Multiple preservative solutions of fresh-keeping gastrodia tuber as described in claim 1 uses, special
Sign is that the Multiple preservative solutions are mentioned by 4 parts -8 parts of Prunella vulgaris medicinal extract, 4 parts -8 parts of extract of taraxacum, egg white according to parts by weight
Take 60 parts of 10 parts -20 parts of object, 2 parts -6 parts of chitosan and distilled water -80 parts of compositions.
4. a kind of preparation method of Multiple preservative solutions as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the preparation of the Multiple preservative solutions
Method the following steps are included:
Step 1, Prunella vulgaris powder is by material: liquid=1:6~16 are separately added into 60% ethanol solution, room temperature, 600~W 1000W,
Ultrasonic 5min~10min, 80 DEG C of refluxing extraction 2h are extracted 2 times, collect combined extract；Standing sedimentation, filtering, filtrate
4000r/min is centrifuged 10min, collects centrifugate, is concentrated under reduced pressure as original volume 1/5-1/6, recycles ethyl alcohol, and freeze-drying obtains
Prunella vulgaris medicinal extract；
Step 2, dandelion powder is by material: Extraction solvent is added in liquid=1:6~16, and Extraction solvent is that ethyl alcohol and ethyl acetate are mixed
Close object；Room temperature, 600W~1000W, ultrasound 5~min10min, 80 DEG C of refluxing extraction 2h are extracted 2 times, collect combined extract；
Standing sedimentation, filtering, filtrate 4000r/min are centrifuged 10min, collect centrifugate, are concentrated under reduced pressure as original volume 1/5-1/6, recycling
Extraction solvent, volatilization remove ethyl acetate, and freeze-drying obtains extract of taraxacum；
Step 3, prepares egg white, adjusts pH 7.0 or so, 724 type Weak-acid cation exchangeability resin adsorptions, elution, 39% it is full
And ammonium sulfate precipitation, the bag filter dialysis desalination of interception 8KDa；CM-52 cation-exchange chromatography column chromatography, is collected, and dialysis removes
Salt, concentration, obtains egg white extract；
Step 4, according to 4 parts -8 parts of Prunella vulgaris medicinal extract, 4 parts -8 parts of extract of taraxacum, 10 parts -20 parts of egg white extract, chitosan
2 parts -6 parts, 60 parts -80 parts of distilled water are mixed to prepare Rhizoma Gastrodiae fresh-keeping liquid.
5. the preparation method of Multiple preservative solutions as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that ethyl alcohol in the step 2: acetic acid
Ethyl ester=1:5~1:5.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109965179A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-05 | 南京万辉生物科技有限公司 | Plant derived foods with preservation and antisepsis effect |
| CN113615793A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-09 | 毕节市中药研究所 | Fresh-keeping method capable of keeping effective components of gastrodia elata, fresh-keeping agent and application |
| CN113615793B (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2024-01-26 | 毕节市中药研究所 | Fresh-keeping method capable of keeping effective components of gastrodia elata, fresh-keeping agent and application |
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Application publication date: 20181221 |