CN109039141A - Flexible extensible self charger, preparation method and system based on carbon fiber - Google Patents
Flexible extensible self charger, preparation method and system based on carbon fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN109039141A CN109039141A CN201810771453.2A CN201810771453A CN109039141A CN 109039141 A CN109039141 A CN 109039141A CN 201810771453 A CN201810771453 A CN 201810771453A CN 109039141 A CN109039141 A CN 109039141A
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- super capacitor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/32—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of flexible extensible self charger, preparation method and system based on carbon fiber.The self charger includes: solid-state super capacitor, it is made of the identical capacitor assembly of two groups of structures, parallel arrangement and both ends alignment between two group capacitor components, every group capacitor component includes active material layer and the solid-state electrolyte layer for being wrapped in active material layer periphery, and the material of active material layer is carbon fibre material;Insulating layer is wrapped in the periphery of solid-state super capacitor;Friction nanometer power generator, coaxially arranged with solid-state super capacitor and insulating layer, friction nanometer power generator includes conductive layer and the frictional layer for being wrapped in conductive layer periphery, and conductive layer is wrapped in the periphery of insulating layer, and material is carbon fibre material.The material price that the self charger is selected is cheap, nontoxic and pollution-free, good environmental protection, and self charger has flexible characteristic, can be applicable to a variety of different fields, such as woven ready-made clothes, or apply on wearable device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nano generators and supercapacitor field, can more particularly to a kind of flexibility based on carbon fiber
Stretch self charger, preparation method and system.
Background technique
With the raising of human living standard, intelligent wearable electronic is vigorously developed.These electronic equipments are current
Traditional battery is still used to power for it, but battery does not have self-charging ability not only, but also cruise duration is short, thus needs
Frequently replacement battery, this greatly limits the practical application effects of wearable electronic device.
Thus, finding a kind of with self-charging and can be capable of the equipment of continued power and become inevitable problem.It rubs
Various forms of mechanical energy can be collected by wiping nano generator, including wind energy, the water energy etc. in compression, vibration, rotation, nature
And it is converted into electric energy.By feat of light weight, it is small in size, synthetic method is simple the advantages that, friction nanometer power generator can worn
Wearing equipment also has more and more development for electrical domain.For friction nanometer power generator, it can convert mechanical energy
For electric energy, but itself can not store charge, need in conjunction with energy storage device such as supercapacitor, to be reached for wearable electricity
The purpose of sub- equipment power supply.Have at present by the report of supercapacitor and friction nanometer power generator R. concomitans, but this kind of device
Part is in the energy supply problem for wearable device, and there is many limitations, their general volumes are larger, comes to wearable device
Say that power supply is inconvenient.
Therefore, develop that a kind of integrated level is high, preparation method is simple, at low cost, pollution-free, efficient and suitable for that can wear
The self-charging system for wearing equipment is had great significance with meeting application demand.
Summary of the invention
Supercapacitor and friction nanometer power generator are woven into the inventors of the present application found that having been reported that in the prior art
Fabric, but two kinds of fiber devices are prepared respectively, when braiding are simple combination, this undoubtedly limit supercapacitor with
The utilization of friction nanometer power generator.
It is an object of the present invention to solve that supercapacitor and friction nanometer power generator are combined fortune in the prior art
The larger technical problem of device volume.
Another object of the present invention is to solve in the prior art to combine supercapacitor and friction nanometer power generator
The small technical problem of the device integration of utilization.
A further object of the invention is to provide for a kind of new by supercapacitor and friction nanometer power generator
The preparation method of the device of R. concomitans.
The present invention provides a kind of flexible extensible self charger based on carbon fiber, comprising:
Solid-state super capacitor is made of the identical capacitor assembly of two groups of structures, between the two group capacitors component
Parallel arrangement and both ends are aligned, every group capacitor component includes active material layer and is wrapped in the active material layer periphery
Solid-state electrolyte layer, the material of the active material layer are carbon fibre material;
Insulating layer is wrapped in the periphery of the solid-state super capacitor;
Friction nanometer power generator, the friction nanometer coaxially arranged with the solid-state super capacitor and the insulating layer
Generator includes conductive layer and the frictional layer for being wrapped in the conductive layer periphery, and the conductive layer is wrapped in the insulating layer
Periphery, and its material is carbon fibre material.
Optionally, the active material layer is the carbon fiber bundle as made of carbon fibre material braiding;
The solid-state electrolyte layer is arranged to from the first end of the carbon fiber bundle to opposite with the first end second
End extends, and exposes the second end, using the second end as the electrode of the solid-state super capacitor.
Optionally, the conductive layer is wrapped in the periphery of the insulating layer in a manner of spiral wrap.
Optionally, electrode of the one end of the conductive layer as the friction nanometer power generator.
Optionally, the solid-state super capacitor is wrapped in stretchable substrate.
Optionally, the material of the insulating layer is silicon rubber;
Optionally, the material of the frictional layer is silicon rubber.
Particularly, the preparation method of the present invention also provides a kind of flexible extensible self charger based on carbon fiber,
Include the following steps:
There is provided two groups of structures identical carbon fibre material;
Two groups of carbon fibre materials are immersed in electrolyte solution respectively, and are obtained after the electrolyte solution is dry
Two group capacitor components;
By two group capacitors member parallel arrangement and both ends are aligned, and form solid-state super capacitor with assembling;
Liquid insulating material is coated in the periphery of the solid-state super capacitor, after liquid insulating material solidification
Insulating layer is formed in the solid-state super capacitor periphery;
In the insulating layer periphery wrap carbon fiber material to form conductive layer, and coats and rub in the conductive layer periphery
Layer material is to form frictional layer.
Optionally, the mass ratio of the carbon fibre material and the electrolyte solution is 1:1000-2000.
Optionally, the electrolyte solution includes polyvinyl alcohol, phosphoric acid and deionized water.
Particularly, the present invention also provides a kind of flexible extensible self-charging system based on carbon fiber, comprising:
The above-mentioned flexible extensible self charger based on carbon fiber;
Rectifier bridge, the ac signal for exporting friction nanometer power generator are converted into DC signal, and will be described
DC signal is exported to solid-state super capacitor.
Optionally, the self charger includes multiple solid-state super capacitors being connected in series to and multiple
The friction nanometer power generator connected in parallel.
Before the application, those skilled in the art are by individual solid-state super capacitor and friction nanometer power generator
It links together, in the power storage to solid-state super capacitor that friction nanometer power generator is issued, and present invention
The thought that people breaks through those skilled in the art is confined, and innovatively integrates the two, thus formed structure it is simple and
The self charger of small volume.
According to the solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the material price which selects is cheap and nontoxic and pollution-free, ring
Guaranteed cost is good.And since carbon fiber and silicon rubber can restore to the original state after deformation occurs, as restored to the original state after being bent, from
And make the self charger that there is flexible characteristic, and solid-state super capacitor is wrapped in stretchable substrate, to make
Device has certain tensility energy, can apply in a variety of different fields, such as woven ready-made clothes, or apply
On wearable device.
Self-charging system proposed by the present invention can preferably be suitable for wearable power supply unit.The fiber properties of this system
It is allowed to more conducively braiding ready-made clothes and to drive a variety of portable wearable electronics meets increasingly developed social demand.This
Outside, the self-charging system is not high to equipment requirement from application is prepared into, at low cost.Friction nanometer power generator and solid state super capacitor
Device working mechanism is simple, and the course of work is high-efficient without danger, facilitates industrialization promotion, has significant economic benefit and society
It can benefit.
According to the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will be brighter
The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Some specific embodiments of the present invention is described in detail by way of example and not limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings hereinafter.
Identical appended drawing reference denotes same or similar part or part in attached drawing.It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these
What attached drawing was not necessarily drawn to scale.In attached drawing:
Fig. 1 is the schematic knot of the flexible extensible self charger according to an embodiment of the invention based on carbon fiber
Composition;
Fig. 2 is the preparation method of the flexible extensible self charger according to an embodiment of the invention based on carbon fiber
Schematic flow chart;
Fig. 3 is the preparation process of the flexible extensible self charger according to an embodiment of the invention based on carbon fiber
Schematic flow chart;
Fig. 4 is the single solid-state super capacitor for preparing according to an embodiment of the present invention in different scanning rates
Cyclic voltammetry curve under (5-100mv/s);
Fig. 5 is the diagrammatic view in principle of the flexible extensible self-charging system based on carbon fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention
Figure;
Fig. 6 is the charging curve of the flexible extensible self-charging system according to an embodiment of the invention based on carbon fiber
And the discharge curve using the system drive portable electric sublist;
Fig. 7 is the concatenated schematic diagram of multiple solid-state super capacitors according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of multiple friction nanometer power generator parallel connections according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 9 is that the constant current (5 μ A) of the solid-state super capacitor of series connection different number according to an embodiment of the invention is filled
Discharge curve;
Figure 10 is four friction nanometer power generators in parallel according to an embodiment of the invention in different motion frequency (1-
The output of open-circuit voltage, short circuit current and short-circuit electricity under 2.5Hz).
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the signal of the flexible extensible self charger according to an embodiment of the invention based on carbon fiber
Property structure chart.As shown in Figure 1, the self charger 10 includes solid-state super capacitor 1, insulating layer 2 and friction nanometer generating
Machine 3.Solid-state super capacitor 1 is made of the identical capacitor assembly 11 of two groups of structures, parallel between two group capacitor components 11
Arrangement and both ends alignment, every group capacitor component 11 is including active material layer 111 and is wrapped in 111 periphery of active material layer
The material of solid-state electrolyte layer 112, active material layer 111 is selected as carbon fibre material.The insulating layer 2 is wrapped in solid-state super electricity
The periphery of container 1.Also, the material of the insulating layer 2, which is selected as, can occur elastically-deformable material.The friction nanometer power generator 3
Coaxially arranged with solid-state super capacitor 1 and insulating layer 2 respectively, friction nanometer power generator 3 includes conductive layer 31 and is wrapped in
The frictional layer 32 of 31 periphery of conductive layer, conductive layer 31 is wrapped in the periphery of insulating layer 2, and its material is selected as carbon fibre material.
Before the application, those skilled in the art are by individual solid-state super capacitor 1 and friction nanometer generating
Machine 3 links together, in the power storage that friction nanometer power generator 3 is issued to solid-state super capacitor 1, and the application
The thought that inventor breaks through those skilled in the art is confined, and innovatively integrates the two, to form structure letter
The self charger 10 of list and small volume.
Referring to Fig. 1, active material layer 111 is carbon fiber bundle made of being woven as carbon fibre material.In one embodiment,
Solid-state super capacitor 1 can be wrapped in stretchable substrate.The conductive layer 31 of friction nanometer power generator 3 is similarly by carbon fiber
Carbon fiber bundle made of material braiding is tieed up, and the carbon fiber bundle is wrapped in the periphery of insulating layer 2 in a manner of spiral wrap.
Solid-state electrolyte layer 112 is arranged to prolong from the first end 1111 of carbon fiber bundle to the second end 1112 opposite with first end 1111
It stretches, and exposes second end 1112, the electrode by second end 1112 as solid-state super capacitor 1.Friction nanometer power generator 3
Conductive layer 31 electrode 33 of the one end as friction nanometer power generator 3.In one embodiment, the material choosing of the insulating layer 2
It is selected as silicon rubber.The material of the frictional layer 32 is selected as silicon rubber.The insulating layer 2 can prevent solid-state super capacitor 1 and rub
Nano generator 3 is wiped to interfere with each other.
According to the solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the material price which selects is cheap and nontoxic and pollution-free,
Good environmental protection.And since carbon fiber and silicon rubber can restore to the original state after deformation occurs, as restored to the original state after being bent,
So that the self charger 10 has flexible characteristic, and solid-state super capacitor 1 is wrapped in stretchable substrate, from
And enable device that there is certain tensility, it can apply in a variety of different fields, such as woven ready-made clothes, Huo Zheying
With on wearable device.
The operating mode of the friction nanometer power generator 3 is single electrode mode.When friction nanometer power generator 3 is contacted with skin
When, silicon rubber can generate negative electrical charge, when skin is separated with friction nanometer power generator 3,33 meeting of electrode of friction nanometer power generator 3
It is induced corresponding positive charge out, to generate electric current.When skin contacts again, the meeting again of electrode 33 of friction nanometer power generator 3
Opposite charge is needed, to generate opposite electric current.
The preparation of Fig. 2 shows the according to an embodiment of the invention flexible extensible self charger based on carbon fiber
The schematic flow chart of method.Fig. 3 shows the flexible extensible according to an embodiment of the invention based on carbon fiber and fills certainly
The schematic flow chart of the preparation process of electric installation.As shown in Figures 2 and 3, this method comprises:
Step S100 provides two groups of structures identical carbon fibre material;
Step S200 immerses two groups of carbon fibre materials in electrolyte solution respectively, and obtains after electrolyte solution is dry
Obtain two group capacitor components 11;
Step S300, by parallel arrangement between two group capacitor components 11 and both ends are aligned, and form solid-state super with assembling
Capacitor 1;
Step S400 coats liquid insulating material in the periphery of solid-state super capacitor 1, to solidify in liquid insulating material
Insulating layer 2 is formed in 1 periphery of solid-state super capacitor afterwards;
Step S500 in 2 periphery wrap carbon fiber material of insulating layer to form conductive layer 31, and is applied in 31 periphery of conductive layer
32 material of frictional layer is covered to form frictional layer 32, so that preparation forms self charger 10 above-mentioned.
In step s 200, the material of electrolyte solution includes polyvinyl alcohol, phosphoric acid and deionized water.And carbon fiber
The mass ratio of material and electrolyte solution is any ratio in 1:1000-2000, such as can be 1:1000,1:1200,1:
1500,1:1800 and 1:2000 etc..
In step S400, liquid insulating material for example can be fluid silicone rubber.It, can be with when preparing the insulating layer 2
Vertical suspension solid-state super capacitor 1, is made liquid glue be fallen naturally using gravity, it is made to wrap solid-state super capacitor 1
Periphery.The silicon rubber thin that is consequently formed and uniformly.
In a specific embodiment, which includes the following steps:
The carbon fiber bundle of two beams about 0.2mg is taken, is infiltrated respectively in 0.1mL electrolyte solution (such as 1g polyvinyl alcohol, 1mL
Phosphoric acid solution, 9mL deionized water mixing, stirs to clarify at 85 DEG C) in, after matter to be electrolysed is dry, then 0.1mL is added dropwise respectively
Two bundle fiber assembled parallels are obtained solid-state super capacitor after its drying by electrolyte solution;
Fluid silicone rubber is smeared on the surface of fibrous solid-state capacitor, after its solidification, obtains insulating layer 2.
It is compact on 2 surface of insulating layer and equably wind about 25mg carbon fiber bundle, then smeared on the surface of carbon fiber bundle
Fluid silicone rubber obtains friction nanometer power generator 3 after its solidification.
In another embodiment, during preparing solid-state super capacitor 1, the ratio of carbon fiber and electrolyte solution
It can be 4mg:0.4ml.
Fig. 4 shows the single solid-state super capacitor prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention in different scanning speed
Cyclic voltammetry curve under rate (5-100mv/s).As can be seen from Figure 4, the cyclic voltammetry curve of the solid-state super capacitor 1 is relatively slow
Under conditions of sweeping speed, cyclic voltammetry curve shows good capacitance characteristic close to rectangle.With the increase for sweeping speed, circulation volt
Peace curve is gradually deviated from rectangle, shows biggish resistance characteristic.
Fig. 5 shows the schematic of the flexible extensible self-charging system based on carbon fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention
Schematic diagram.As shown in figure 5, self-charging system includes above-mentioned self charger 10 and rectifier bridge 20.Rectifier bridge 20 is used in circuit
The alternating current that friction nanometer power generator 3 exports is converted into direct current, and the direct current after being rectified by rectifier bridge 20 is filled
To coaxial solid-state super capacitor 1.By the state of switch control solid-state super capacitor 1, when S1 closes, friction nanometer hair
Motor 3 charges to supercapacitor, and when S2 closes, supercapacitor discharges electricity drive electronics 30.In one embodiment
In, it can use self-charging system driving portable electric sublist.Fig. 6 shows according to an embodiment of the invention based on carbon
The charging curve of the flexible extensible self-charging system of fiber and the discharge curve for utilizing the system drive portable electric sublist.
It will be appreciated from fig. 6 that the self-charging system can charge for portable electronic table.
It in one embodiment, may include multiple solid-state super capacitors 1 and multiple frictions in the self-charging system
Nano generator 3.Fig. 7 shows the concatenated schematic diagram of multiple solid-state super capacitors.Fig. 8 shows multiple friction nanometer generatings
The schematic diagram of machine parallel connection.As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, which may include multiple solid-states being connected in series to
Supercapacitor 1 and multiple friction nanometer power generators 3 connected in parallel.
Fig. 9 shows constant current (5 μ of the solid-state super capacitor of series connection different number according to an embodiment of the invention
A) charging and discharging curve figure.As shown in Figure 9, when input current be 5 μ A when, with solid-state super capacitor 1 connect number increase,
Whole capacitance reduces therewith, and when four solid-state super capacitors 1 are connected, the capacity of system is about 30 μ F.
Figure 10 shows four friction nanometer power generators in parallel according to an embodiment of the invention in different motion frequency
The output of open-circuit voltage, short circuit current and short-circuit electricity under (1-2.5Hz).As shown in Figure 10, four friction nanometer generatings
Open-circuit voltage after 3 parallel connection of machine is maintained at 60V or so;Its short circuit current exported increases with the increase of frequency, when frequency
When rate is 1Hz, the peak value of short circuit current is 0.2 μ A, and when frequency increases to 2.5Hz, short circuit current can achieve 0.6 μ A;Its
The short-circuit electricity of output is also almost unchanged at different frequencies, is maintained at 20nC or so.
By Fig. 5 to Figure 10 it is found that being somebody's turn to do the flexible extensible self-charging system based on carbon fiber may be implemented the nanometer that will rub
The power storage of generator 3 can power in solid-state super capacitor 1 for electronic equipment 30.Meanwhile as seen from the figure, it
Friction nanometer power generator 3 and solid-state super capacitor 1 are assembled into the self-charging system that can be worked, it is also necessary to carry out circuit design
And management.The present invention provides foregoing circuit design and management mode, thus make self-charging system can work become can
Energy.In addition it is also necessary to pass through the structural unit (friction of series-parallel different number in conjunction with factors such as actual conditions such as motion frequencies
Nano generator 3 and solid-state super capacitor 1) reasonably match output and the solid state super capacitor of friction nanometer power generator 3
The input of device 1.
Self-charging system proposed by the present invention can preferably be suitable for wearable power supply unit.The fiber properties of this system
It is allowed to more conducively braiding ready-made clothes and to drive a variety of portable wearable electronics 30 meets increasingly developed social demand.
In addition, the self-charging system is not high to equipment requirement from application is prepared into, it is at low cost.Friction nanometer power generator 3 and solid-state super
1 working mechanism of capacitor is simple, and the course of work is high-efficient without danger, facilitates industrialization promotion, has significant economic benefit
And social benefit.
So far, although those skilled in the art will appreciate that present invention has been shown and described in detail herein multiple shows
Example property embodiment still without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, still can according to the present disclosure directly
Determine or deduce out many other variations or modifications consistent with the principles of the invention.Therefore, the scope of the present invention is understood that and recognizes
It is set to and covers all such other variations or modifications.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of flexible extensible self charger based on carbon fiber characterized by comprising
Solid-state super capacitor is made of the identical capacitor assembly of two groups of structures, parallel between the two group capacitors component
Arrangement and both ends alignment, every group capacitor component includes active material layer and the solid-state for being wrapped in the active material layer periphery
Electrolyte layer, the material of the active material layer are carbon fibre material;
Insulating layer is wrapped in the periphery of the solid-state super capacitor;
Friction nanometer power generator, the friction nanometer generating coaxially arranged with the solid-state super capacitor and the insulating layer
Machine includes conductive layer and the frictional layer for being wrapped in the conductive layer periphery, and the conductive layer is wrapped in the outer of the insulating layer
Week, and its material is carbon fibre material.
2. the flexible extensible self charger according to claim 1 based on carbon fiber, which is characterized in that the activity
Material layer is the carbon fiber bundle as made of carbon fibre material braiding;
The solid-state electrolyte layer is arranged to prolong from the first end of the carbon fiber bundle to the second end opposite with the first end
It stretches, and exposes the second end, using the second end as the electrode of the solid-state super capacitor.
3. the flexible extensible self charger according to claim 1 based on carbon fiber, which is characterized in that the conduction
Layer is wrapped in the periphery of the insulating layer in a manner of spiral wrap;
Optionally, electrode of the one end of the conductive layer as the friction nanometer power generator.
4. the flexible extensible self charger according to claim 3 based on carbon fiber, which is characterized in that the solid-state
Supercapacitor is wrapped in stretchable substrate.
5. the flexible extensible self charger described in any one of -4 based on carbon fiber, feature exist according to claim 1
In the material of the insulating layer is silicon rubber;
Optionally, the material of the frictional layer is silicon rubber.
6. a kind of preparation method of the flexible extensible self charger based on carbon fiber, which comprises the steps of:
There is provided two groups of structures identical carbon fibre material;
Two groups of carbon fibre materials are immersed in electrolyte solution respectively, and obtain two groups after the electrolyte solution is dry
Capacitor assembly;
By two group capacitors member parallel arrangement and both ends are aligned, and form solid-state super capacitor with assembling;
The solid-state super capacitor periphery coat liquid insulating material, with the liquid insulating material solidification after in institute
It states solid-state super capacitor periphery and forms insulating layer;
In the insulating layer periphery wrap carbon fiber material to form conductive layer, and frictional layer material is coated in the conductive layer periphery
Material is to form frictional layer.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the carbon fibre material and the electrolyte solution
Mass ratio is 1:1000-2000.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the electrolyte solution includes polyvinyl alcohol, phosphoric acid
And deionized water.
9. a kind of flexible extensible self-charging system based on carbon fiber characterized by comprising
Flexible extensible self charger of any of claims 1-5 based on carbon fiber;
Rectifier bridge, the ac signal for exporting friction nanometer power generator are converted into DC signal, and by the direct current
Electric signal is exported to solid-state super capacitor.
10. flexible extensible self-charging system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the self charger includes
Multiple solid-state super capacitors being connected in series to and multiple friction nanometer power generators connected in parallel.
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Cited By (3)
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CN111525831A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-11 | 西北工业大学 | Self-energy-storage nano generator device capable of being woven and manufacturing method |
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