CN109023165A - A kind of 3 D weaving carbon fiber enhancing metal-base composites and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of 3 D weaving carbon fiber enhancing metal-base composites and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109023165A CN109023165A CN201811206218.7A CN201811206218A CN109023165A CN 109023165 A CN109023165 A CN 109023165A CN 201811206218 A CN201811206218 A CN 201811206218A CN 109023165 A CN109023165 A CN 109023165A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
- C22C47/04—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by coating, e.g. with a protective or activated covering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
- C22C47/06—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/08—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by contacting the fibres or filaments with molten metal, e.g. by infiltrating the fibres or filaments placed in a mould
- C22C47/12—Infiltration or casting under mechanical pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
- C22C49/04—Light metals
- C22C49/06—Aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/14—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the fibres or filaments
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of 3 D weaving carbon fiber enhancing metal-base composites and preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1 pre-processes carbon fiber；Step 2 binds carbon fiber bundle and fine wire, obtains wire carbon fiber complex, weaves three-dimensional architecture reinforcement using wire carbon fiber complex；Woven three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement is infiltrated the molten slurry of silicon-carbide particle and potassium fluorozirconate aqueous solution by step 3 respectively；Step 4, by previous step, treated that three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement is placed in substrate metal liquid the extrusion forming under ultrasonic vibration, obtains a kind of novel metal based composites.The present invention weaves three-dimensional fiber framework using carbon fiber, realize that the net molding for having the novel metal based composites by the enhancing of three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement of excellent properties manufactures, the type and application range for having expanded metal-base composites will have broad application prospects in aerospace, military project and civil field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fibre reinforced fields, and in particular to a kind of 3 D weaving carbon fiber enhancing metal-base composites
And preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites have excellent mechanical property and certain physical properties, in space flight and aviation, vapour
The fields such as vehicle, mechano-electronic show huge application potential as high-strength high temperature-resistant material.In recent years, composite material is ground
The person of studying carefully strengthens that density is small, aluminium and aluminium alloy of obdurability and excellent corrosion resistance around how effectively utilizing high-performance fiber
Matrix has carried out a large amount of research work to obtain the light-high-strength composite material haveing excellent performance.Fiber reinforcement aluminum-base composite
The reinforcing fiber of material mainly has carbon fiber, alumina fibre, silicon carbide fibre, boron fibre etc., wherein high specific strength, Gao Bigang
The relatively cheap carbon fiber of degree, price is more favored by people, and carbon fiber/aluminium composite material is widely considered to be a kind of comparatively ideal light
Matter high strength composite.As the carbon fiber of main supporting body, very high intensity and elasticity modulus are still kept under high temperature, thus
Assign carbon fiber/aluminium composite material high specific strength, high elastic modulus, good wearability and electric conductivity, excellent elevated temperature strength,
Under excellent thermal conductivity and high temperature the advantages that dimensional stability.Carbon fiber/aluminium composite material has been widely used in manufacture and has flown
Mechanism member, Engine Parts, slide unit, the encapsulating material of Automated library system circuit and substrate of electronic equipment etc..
The flow of research both at home and abroad about metal-base composites is made a general survey of, simple as far as possible, preparation cost reduces as far as possible from preparation process
Angle is set out, and once more attention is particulate reinforced composite to people, and the related process technologies of material preparation have been sent out
That opens up is more mature.Although particulate reinforced composite preparation cost may be lower, such as to the mechanical property of composite material
The promotion of specific strength, specific stiffness etc. is limited, and which has limited the application ranges of this composite material.Metal in order to greatly increase
Based composites mechanical property selects high-performance fiber to become main technological development direction as reinforced phase.For many years, people
When preparation and research fiber-reinforced metal matrix composite, mostly using long and short individual fibers silk as reinforcement.Long fibre is (again
Claim continuous fiber) (referred to herein as " one dimension fibre enhancing ") is arranged in the base to be centainly orientated, then mixed and disorderly nothing takes staple fiber
To distribution.One-dimension oriented continuous fiber makes composite material have anisotropy, and longitudinal tensile strength, electrical and thermal conductivity performance are very
Height, and it is laterally lower；The short fiber reinforced being orientated in a jumble has similar effect with particle enhancing, although having isotropism,
It is limited to the room for promotion of such as stretching, impact and fatigue mechanics performance.It needs high-intensitive with regard to a direction or needs highly conductive
For the building of heating conduction, one-dimensional continuous filament reinforced metallic matrix composite perhaps has great advantage.However it is one-dimensional long fine
Dimension manufacturing cost is very high, and fiber filaments independent are difficult have uniform arranged distribution, and preparation process is difficult to control, this limitation
The application and development of one-dimensional long fiber reinforcement metal-base composites.Studies conducted thus far show that either one-dimensional long fibre or
Mixed and disorderly staple fiber is added in metallic matrix, and all there are no the advantage for playing itself " enhancing " completely, the high-performance of fiber is not
Have and is sufficiently transplanted in metal-base composites.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention provide a kind of 3 D weaving carbon fiber enhancing metal of excellent in mechanical performance
The preparation method of based composites.
The technical scheme to solve the above technical problems is that
A kind of 3 D weaving carbon fiber enhancing metal-base composites and preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps:
Step 1 pre-processes carbon fiber；
Step 2 binds carbon fiber bundle and fine wire, obtains wire carbon fiber complex, utilizes wire carbon fiber
It ties up complex and weaves three-dimensional architecture reinforcement；In the present embodiment, fine wire is thin aluminium wire.
Woven three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement is infiltrated the molten slurry of silicon-carbide particle and potassium fluorozirconate water by step 3 respectively
Solution；
Step 4, by previous step treated three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement together with substrate metal liquid under ultrasonic vibration
Extrusion forming.
Further, the specific steps of the step 1 are as follows:
Step 1.1 carries out except glue, roughening, sensitization and activation processing carbon fiber；
Step 1.2 carries out vapor deposition plating SiC processing, drying after plating SiC to carbon fiber.
Further, in the step 2, the method for braiding three-dimensional architecture reinforcement is, using three-dimensional loom to wire
Carbon fiber complex is woven, and three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement is obtained, and three-dimensional fiber framework enhances shape and longitude and latitude spacing
Size can carry out numerical control programming control by three-dimensional loom.
Further, the specific steps of the step 3 are as follows:
Woven three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement is infiltrated the molten slurry of silicon-carbide particle by step 3.1, after infiltration at drying
Reason；
Woven three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement is infiltrated potassium fluorozirconate aqueous solution by step 3.2, after infiltration at drying
Reason.
Further, the specific steps of the step 4 are as follows:
Molding die is preheated to 380-420 DEG C by step 4.1, and three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement is preheated to 180-220
℃；
Three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement is put into molding die by step 4.2, opens ultrasonic vibration, vibration frequency 9000-
12000 hertz；
Step 4.3 keeps ultrasonic vibration, and substrate metal liquid is poured into molding die, opens extruder, squeeze pressure
30-40Mpa, by three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement and substrate metal liquid under ultrasonic vibration extrusion forming, obtain composite material system
Part；
Step 4.4, the volume size according to desired composite material stop pressurization after material crystalline solidification to be composite, cooling
After take out product.
Further, the carbon fiber is polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre.
A kind of 3 D weaving carbon fiber enhances metal-base composites, together by three-dimensional architecture reinforcement and substrate metal liquid
Extrusion forming obtains under ultrasonic vibration, and the three-dimensional architecture reinforcement is the three-dimensional woven using wire carbon fiber complex
Framework reinforcement.
Further, the wire carbon fiber complex is by carbon fiber bundle and material and the consistent wire of substrate metal
It is obtained after joint binding.
The invention has the benefit that the present invention selects carbon fiber as reinforcement, carbon fiber is regarded into " silk thread ", is passed through
Carbon fiber bundle, is woven into 3 D stereo framework reinforcement from three-dimensional space direction, with one after proper treatment by loom braiding
Determine mode to be added in metal base melt, applies pressure and be allowed to solidify and become a kind of novel 3 D weaving carbon fiber enhancing
Metal-base composites (3Dimension-Fiber Weave Reinforced Metal Matrix Composite, hereafter
Referred to as 3D-FW MMC), carbon fiber is woven into three-dimensional architecture by the present invention, and the arrangement control for solving single fiber filament is asked
Topic, in turn avoids the anisotropy of material, while carbon fiber is interweaved into comprehensive architecture, becomes the strong bone of material internal
Frame, generates a kind of synthesis synergistic enhancing effect of network skeleton formula, and 3D-FW MMC has following advantage: (1) interlaminar shear strength
With tensile strength height；(2) high temperature resistant, shock resistance are good；(3) specific stiffness, specific strength improve；(4) arbitrary structures shape can be obtained
The preform of shape；(5) large scale material members are easy to get；(6) it is convenient for mass mechanized production.It can weave through the invention
Three-dimensional fiber framework appropriate is, it can be achieved that have the large scale by the enhancing of three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement, the complexity of excellent properties
Structure, lower cost metal-base composites net molding manufacture.3D-FW MMC has widened the type of metal-base composites
And application range, it will have broad application prospects in aerospace, weapon industry and civil field.
Specific embodiment
The principles and features of the present invention are described below, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit
Determine the scope of the present invention.
A kind of 3 D weaving carbon fiber enhancing metal-base composites and preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, since carbon fiber is not monofilament but fibre bundle, it is necessary to assure every monofilament obtains wettability treatment, together
When guarantee Fiber In Composite Material beam monofilament have dispersion appropriate, it is therefore desirable to carbon fiber is pre-processed；
The specific steps of the step 1 are as follows:
Step 1.1 carries out except glue, roughening, sensitization and activation processing carbon fiber；
Step 1.2 carries out vapor deposition plating SiC processing, drying after plating SiC to carbon fiber.
Step 2, due to carbon fiber it is very soft, without rigidity, building three-dimensional space framework it is more difficult, made thus with fine wire
For rigid auxiliary, using three-dimensional loom weaving three-dimensional fiber architecture reinforcement.When weaving, thin aluminium wire first is bound with fibre bundle, then
It is used as " yarn " to weave together the two, framework shape and longitude and latitude spacing dimension can be controlled by numerical control programming, from
And weave three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement similar with reinforcing member shape；
The specific steps of the step 2 are as follows:
Carbon fiber bundle and aluminium wire are bound, wire carbon fiber complex is obtained, it is then compound using wire carbon fiber
Body weaves three-dimensional architecture reinforcement；
In the step 2, the method for braiding three-dimensional architecture reinforcement is, compound to wire carbon fiber using three-dimensional loom
Body is woven, and three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement is obtained, and three-dimensional fiber framework enhancing shape and longitude and latitude spacing dimension pass through number
Control-register journey is controlled.
Woven three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement is infiltrated the molten slurry of silicon-carbide particle by step 3, in favor of acting in pressure
Under filametntary dispersion；Three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement is infiltrated into potassium fluorozirconate aqueous solution again, to improve aluminum melt to fiber
Wetability；
Step 4, by previous step treated three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement together with substrate metal melt in ultrasonic vibration
Lower extrusion forming.
The specific steps of the step 4 are as follows:
Molding die is preheated to 380-420 DEG C by step 4.1, and three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement is preheated to 180-220
℃；
Three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement is put into molding die by step 4.2, opens ultrasonic vibration, vibration frequency 9000-
12000 hertz；
Step 4.3 keeps ultrasonic vibration, and substrate metal liquid is poured into molding die, opens extruder, squeeze pressure
30-40Mpa, by three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement and substrate metal liquid under ultrasonic vibration extrusion forming, obtain composite material system
Part.
Step 4.4, the volume size according to desired composite material stop pressurization after material crystalline solidification to be composite, cooling
After take out product.
A kind of 3 D weaving carbon fiber enhances metal-base composites, together by three-dimensional architecture reinforcement and substrate metal liquid
Extrusion forming obtains under ultrasonic vibration, and the three-dimensional architecture reinforcement is the three-dimensional woven using wire carbon fiber complex
Framework reinforcement.
In the present embodiment, the substrate metal is pack alloy.
In the present embodiment, the wire carbon fiber complex after carbon fiber bundle and the joint binding of thin aluminium wire by obtaining.
In the present embodiment, the carbon fiber is polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre.
The mechanical property of the aluminum alloy base material enhancing front and back of the different trades mark is tested below, the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: the mechanical property case (as cast condition) of the 3D-FW MMC of preparation
By table 1 it is found that 3D-FW MMC prepared by the method for the present invention is surrendered compared to the substrate of no reinforcement
Strength enhancing 50-80%, tensile strength promote 30-55%, and elasticity modulus promotes 8-14%, and plasticity and toughness are almost without change
Change.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of 3 D weaving carbon fiber enhances metal-base composites preparation method, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1 pre-processes carbon fiber；
Step 2 binds carbon fiber bundle and fine wire, obtains wire carbon fiber complex, then utilizes wire carbon fiber
It ties up complex and weaves three-dimensional architecture reinforcement；
Woven three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement is infiltrated the molten slurry of silicon-carbide particle and potassium fluorozirconate aqueous solution by step 3 respectively；
Step 4, by previous step, treated that three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement squeezes under ultrasonic vibration together with substrate metal liquid
Molding.
2. the preparation method of 3 D weaving carbon fiber enhancing metal-base composites according to claim 1, feature exist
In the specific steps of the step 1 are as follows:
Step 1.1 carries out except glue, roughening, sensitization and activation processing carbon fiber；
Step 1.2 carries out vapor deposition plating SiC processing, drying after plating SiC to carbon fiber.
3. the preparation method of 3 D weaving carbon fiber enhancing metal-base composites according to claim 1, feature exist
In in the step 2, the method for braiding three-dimensional architecture reinforcement is first to bind carbon fiber bundle and fine wire, obtain gold
Belong to silk carbon fiber complex, then wire carbon fiber complex is woven using three-dimensional loom, obtains three-dimensional fiber frame
Structure reinforcement, three-dimensional fiber framework, which enhances shape and longitude and latitude spacing dimension, to carry out numerical control programming control by three-dimensional loom.
4. the preparation method of 3 D weaving carbon fiber enhancing metal-base composites according to claim 1, feature exist
In the specific steps of the step 3 are as follows:
Woven three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement is infiltrated the molten slurry of silicon-carbide particle by step 3.1, is dried after infiltration；
Woven three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement is infiltrated potassium fluorozirconate aqueous solution by step 3.2, is dried after infiltration.
5. the preparation method of 3 D weaving carbon fiber enhancing metal-base composites according to claim 1, feature exist
In the specific steps of the step 4 are as follows:
Molding die is preheated to 380-420 DEG C by step 4.1, and three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement is preheated to 180-220 DEG C；
Three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement is put into molding die by step 4.2；
Step 4.3, unlatching ultrasonic vibration, 9000-12000 hertz of vibration frequency；Substrate metal liquid is poured into molding die, together
Shi Kaiqi extruder, squeeze pressure 30-40Mpa squeeze three-dimensional fiber framework reinforcement and substrate metal liquid under ultrasonic vibration
It is molded, obtain composite product；
Step 4.4, the volume size according to desired composite material stop pressurization, take after cooling after material crystalline solidification to be composite
Product out.
6. the preparation method of 3 D weaving carbon fiber enhancing metal-base composites according to claim 1, feature exist
In the carbon fiber is polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre.
7. a kind of 3 D weaving carbon fiber enhances metal-base composites, which is characterized in that by three-dimensional architecture reinforcement and substrate
Extrusion forming obtains molten metal under ultrasonic vibration together, and the three-dimensional architecture reinforcement is to utilize wire carbon fiber complex
The three-dimensional architecture reinforcement of braiding.
8. 3 D weaving carbon fiber according to claim 7 enhances metal-base composites, which is characterized in that the wire carbon
For fiber composite by obtaining after carbon fiber bundle and wire joint binding, the wire material is consistent with substrate metal.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110983209A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-10 | 安徽验讯网络科技有限公司 | Preparation method of high-strength porous three-dimensional ceramic matrix metal composite material |
| CN111893406A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-11-06 | 西安理工大学 | Composite material wire drawing die and preparation method thereof |
| CN113355610A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-09-07 | 中北大学 | Metal wire reinforced aluminum matrix composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114506099A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-05-17 | 中磁动力设备(深圳)有限公司 | Carbon fiber reinforced composite gear production system and process |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110983209A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-10 | 安徽验讯网络科技有限公司 | Preparation method of high-strength porous three-dimensional ceramic matrix metal composite material |
| CN111893406A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-11-06 | 西安理工大学 | Composite material wire drawing die and preparation method thereof |
| CN113355610A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-09-07 | 中北大学 | Metal wire reinforced aluminum matrix composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114506099A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-05-17 | 中磁动力设备(深圳)有限公司 | Carbon fiber reinforced composite gear production system and process |
| CN114506099B (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2023-11-07 | 中磁动力设备(深圳)有限公司 | Carbon fiber reinforced composite gear production system and process |
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Effective date of registration: 20211230 Address after: 312066 room 201-208, R & D workshop, building 2, north of Sanjiang Road, Doumen street, Yuecheng District, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province Patentee after: Shangchen (Zhejiang Shaoxing) composite material technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 518109 708, Huiyi building, 9 Zhongxin Road, Taoyuan community, Dalang street, Longhua District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: Shenzhen Hongyue Information Technology Co.,Ltd. Effective date of registration: 20211230 Address after: 518109 708, Huiyi building, 9 Zhongxin Road, Taoyuan community, Dalang street, Longhua District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Patentee after: Shenzhen Hongyue Information Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 430073 No. 1 Textile Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province Patentee before: Wuhan Textile University |