CN109007869B - Mechanism capable of controlling walnut collision distance and walnut shell breaking device - Google Patents
Mechanism capable of controlling walnut collision distance and walnut shell breaking device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109007869B CN109007869B CN201811085538.1A CN201811085538A CN109007869B CN 109007869 B CN109007869 B CN 109007869B CN 201811085538 A CN201811085538 A CN 201811085538A CN 109007869 B CN109007869 B CN 109007869B
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Abstract
The invention provides a mechanism capable of controlling walnut impact spacing and a walnut shell breaking device, belonging to the technical field of walnut processing, wherein the mechanism comprises a fruit dropping pipe, an impact rod sleeve, an impact rod, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a gear and a rack, wherein a wedge block is arranged at the bottom end of the rack; the fruit dropping pipe is vertical to and communicated with the impact rod sleeve, and a first open slot is formed in the pipe wall; the impact rod is sleeved in the impact rod sleeve in a sliding manner; the first end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the first supporting rod on the striking rod sleeve, and the second end of the first connecting rod is a baffle plate which penetrates through the first open slot and extends into the fruit dropping pipe; the second connecting rod is hinged on a second supporting rod on the striking rod sleeve, the first end is a radial incomplete gear, and the second end is a baffle plate which penetrates through the first open groove and extends into the fruit dropping pipe; the gear is rotationally connected to a third supporting rod on the impact rod sleeve; the rack is arranged above the impact rod sleeve through a rack support frame. The invention can control the impact distance according to the size of a single walnut and improve the whole kernel rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of walnut processing, in particular to a mechanism capable of controlling walnut impact distance and a walnut shell breaking device.
Background
Walnut is a major crop suitable for being planted in mountainous areas, is called walnut and walnut, is a juglandaceae plant, contains abundant nutrients such as protein and fat, contains various trace elements and mineral substances such as calcium, phosphorus and iron which are necessary for human bodies, and contains various vitamins such as carotene and riboflavin, is beneficial to human bodies, and is one of nut foods which are well liked by people.
With the continuous and rapid increase of the planting area and the yield of walnuts, walnuts become one of fruits with local characteristics, but the deep processing of walnuts and the development degree of walnut products are far from enough. At present, walnut kernels are basically obtained by manually smashing, the method is high in labor intensity, low in production rate, easy to break the walnut kernels, high in pathogen infection index and capable of influencing the quality and the kernel yield of the walnut kernels. In order to solve a plurality of problems of manually breaking and taking walnut kernels and realize automatic shell breaking and kernel taking, patent CN201610224334.6 discloses a walnut shell breaking device with positioning and conveying functions and a using method thereof, the device comprises at least one walnut shell breaking die and at least two impact rods which are arranged on a rack, the walnut shell breaking die is provided with walnut positioning holes, the side wall of the walnut shell breaking die is provided with at least two openings communicated with the walnut positioning holes, the impact rods penetrate through the openings corresponding to the impact rods under the driving of a moving mechanism to impact walnuts arranged in the walnut positioning holes, the device also comprises positioning quantitative feeding slide blocks which are arranged at two sides of the walnut positioning holes and used for covering the walnut positioning holes, a positioning and conveying mechanism is arranged above the positioning and quantitative feeding slide blocks at the inlet side of the walnut positioning and conveying mechanism, and the shape of a channel in the positioning and conveying mechanism is the same as; this patent is through the cooperation of location conveying mechanism with location ration pay-off slider, when realizing that the walnut does not get into the walnut locating hole, the passageway is stored in location conveying mechanism, effectively guarantees the striking work in the walnut locating hole. However, the above patent also has the following problems: the impact distance cannot be controlled according to the size of a single walnut, so that the walnut cannot be accurately crushed, and kernel breaking or shell breaking is easy to happen unsuccessfully.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mechanism capable of controlling walnut striking intervals and a walnut shell breaking device, wherein the striking intervals can be controlled according to the size of a single walnut, and the whole kernel rate and the shell breaking rate are improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a mechanism capable of controlling walnut impact distance, which comprises a fruit dropping pipe, an impact rod sleeve, an impact rod, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a gear with damping and a rack with a wedge-shaped block at the bottom end; the fruit dropping pipe is vertical to and communicated with the impact rod sleeve, and a first open slot is formed in the pipe wall; the number of the first slots is two, and the first slots are oppositely arranged; the impact rod is sleeved in the impact rod sleeve in a sliding manner and can extend out of the first end of the impact rod sleeve; the first end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the first supporting rod on the striking rod sleeve, and the second end of the first connecting rod is a baffle plate which penetrates through the first open slot and extends into the fruit dropping pipe; the rod body of the second connecting rod is hinged on a second supporting rod on the striking rod sleeve, the first end is a radial incomplete gear, and the second end is a baffle plate which penetrates through the first open groove and extends into the fruit dropping pipe; the baffle of the first connecting rod and the baffle of the second connecting rod are connected with the inner wall of the fruit dropping pipe through baffle springs to prevent walnuts from falling into the impact rod sleeve; the center of the gear is rotationally connected to a third support rod on the impact rod sleeve and is respectively meshed with the radial incomplete gear and the rack; the rack is arranged above the impact rod sleeve through a rack support frame and can vertically slide in the rack support frame; a strip-shaped groove is formed in the impact rod sleeve; the starting end of the strip-shaped groove is positioned below the wedge-shaped block and extends to the second end of the striking rod sleeve; a connecting handle which extends out of the strip-shaped groove and can impact the wedge-shaped block is arranged on the rod body of the impact rod; the connecting handle is used for being connected with a transmission mechanism which drives the impact rod to slide in the walnut shell breaking device.
Furthermore, the mechanism capable of controlling the walnut striking distance also comprises a resetting component; the reset assembly comprises a cam and a first power source for driving the cam to rotate; the cam is arranged above the second connecting rod and is positioned between a hinge point of the second connecting rod and the second supporting rod and the first end of the second connecting rod.
Further, the rack support frame is a laterally arranged T-shaped frame and is provided with a sliding groove for accommodating the rack.
The invention also provides a walnut shell breaking device which comprises a collided block arranged outside the first end of the collision rod sleeve and any one of the mechanisms capable of controlling the walnut collision distance.
Furthermore, the walnut shell breaking device also comprises a transmission mechanism and an impact force control circuit, wherein the transmission mechanism can control the impact force of the walnut; the transmission mechanism comprises a third connecting rod, a sliding block, a reciprocating motion assembly driving the sliding block to horizontally slide in a reciprocating mode and a second power source providing power for the reciprocating motion assembly; the first end of the impact rod sleeve is an open end, and the second end of the impact rod sleeve is a closed end; an impact spring is arranged between the impact rod and the closed end of the impact rod sleeve; the first end of the third connecting rod is connected with the connecting handle of the impact rod, and the second end of the third connecting rod is provided with an armature; the slide block is provided with an electromagnetic switch matched with the armature; the impact force control circuit comprises an electronic controller, a first power supply for supplying power to the electromagnetic switch, a displacement sensor for detecting the compression amount of the impact spring and a second power supply for supplying power to the displacement sensor; and the electronic controller is used for receiving a detection value fed back by the displacement sensor and comparing a preset value and a detection value of the impact strength to judge whether to disconnect the first power supply and the electromagnetic switch.
Furthermore, the walnut shell breaking device also comprises a fruit dropping control mechanism; the fruit dropping control mechanism comprises a feed inlet arranged at the top end of the fruit dropping pipe, a disc rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the fruit dropping pipe, a fourth connecting rod, a fifth connecting rod, a sixth connecting rod and a third power source for driving the disc to rotate; a second slot is formed in the pipe wall of the fruit dropping pipe; the second open slot is positioned above the first open slot; the first end of the fourth connecting rod penetrates through a fourth supporting rod arranged on the striking rod sleeve, and the second end of the fourth connecting rod is a baffle which penetrates through the second open groove and extends into the fruit dropping pipe to prevent walnuts from dropping; the fourth connecting rod can horizontally move in the rotary hole of the fourth supporting rod; the first end of the fifth connecting rod is rotatably connected to a non-circle center point on the disc, and the second end of the fifth connecting rod is connected with the fourth connecting rod through the sixth connecting rod.
Further, the reciprocating motion assembly comprises a seventh connecting rod and a rotating shaft connected with a second power source; the first end of the seventh connecting rod is rotatably connected to a non-circle center point on the end surface of the rotating shaft, and the second end of the seventh connecting rod is connected with the sliding block.
Furthermore, the walnut shell breaking device also comprises a shell; the impact rod sleeve is arranged in the shell through a sleeve support frame; the collided block is arranged on a partition plate in the shell; two ends of the sliding block are respectively inserted into two parallel horizontal sliding grooves on the inner wall of the shell in a sliding manner; the rotating shaft is arranged in the shell through a rotating shaft supporting frame.
Furthermore, the walnut shell breaking device also comprises an oscillator positioned below the collided block.
Furthermore, the walnut shell breaking device also comprises a crotch-shaped ventilation cavity; the crotch-shaped ventilation cavity is arranged in a space between the partition plate and the shell wall of the shell and is provided with a broken fruit inlet, a shell outlet and a kernel outlet which are communicated with each other; the oscillator inclines towards the crushed fruit inlet, and the outlet is aligned with the crushed fruit inlet; the shell outlet and the kernel outlet are positioned on the shell wall of the shell, and a negative pressure fan is arranged at the shell outlet.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the mechanism capable of controlling the walnut impact distance can be arranged on an impact type walnut shell breaking machine, a single walnut passes through a fruit dropping pipe to knock a baffle plate of a first connecting rod and a baffle plate of a second connecting rod apart and then fall into an impact rod sleeve, the second connecting rod rotates, a gear meshed with a radial incomplete gear rotates to drive a rack meshed with the gear to move downwards, the position of a wedge-shaped block is adjusted, the gear can rotate only under the action of external force due to damping, the wedge-shaped block is fixed after the position adjustment is finished, an impact rod slides towards the first end of the impact rod sleeve to impact the walnut falling into the impact rod sleeve until a connecting handle of the impact rod collides with the wedge-shaped block to limit the impact rod, so that the impact distance between the impact rod and a collided walnut is controlled, and the mechanism capable of controlling the walnut impact distance can control the impact distance according to the size of the single walnut entering into the impact rod sleeve, the mechanism is convenient, quick and strong in practicability, and is an important auxiliary mechanism in the walnut shell breaking and kernel taking process;
2. the walnut shell breaking device provided by the invention has the advantages of higher automation degree and simplicity in operation, and greatly improves the whole kernel rate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mechanism capable of controlling walnut impact distance according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the mechanism of FIG. 1 for controlling walnut impact spacing;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the mechanism of FIG. 1 for controlling walnut impact spacing;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a rack support frame in the mechanism for controlling walnut impact spacing shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is a front view of a walnut shell breaking device provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of the walnut shell breaking device shown in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a right side view of the walnut shell breaking device shown in FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the surface A-A of the walnut shell breaking device shown in FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a rear view of the walnut shell breaking device shown in FIG. 5;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a fruit drop control mechanism in the walnut shell breaking device shown in FIG. 5;
fig. 11 is a circuit diagram of the impact force control circuit in the walnut shell breaking device shown in fig. 5.
In the figure: 1.1-fruit dropping tube; 1.2-impact rod sleeve; 1.3-striker bar; 1.4-a first link; 1.5-a second link; 1.6-gear; 1.7-rack; 1.8-rack support; 1.9-connecting handle; 1.10-cam; 2-a collided block; 3.1-third link; 3.2-sliding block; 3.3-armature; 3.4-seventh link; 3.5-rotating shaft; 4-a strike spring; 5.1-feed inlet; 5.2-disc; 5.3-a fourth link; 5.4-fifth link; 5.5-sixth link; 6-a machine shell; 7-a sleeve support frame; 8-horizontal chute; 9-a rotating shaft support frame; 10-an oscillator; 11-crotch-type ventilation cavities; 11.1-crushed fruit inlet; 11.2-shell outlet; 11.3-kernel outlet; 12-a negative pressure fan;
u1-electromagnetic switch; K1-Relay; c1-variable pole pitch capacitive sensor; c2-filter capacitance; v1-ac power supply; v2-dc power supply; d1-rectifier bridge; d2-zener diode; r1-capacitive sensor protection resistance; r2 — filter circuit resistance; r3-a first regulator circuit resistor; r4-a second regulator circuit resistor; r5-electromagnetic switch protection resistance.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a mechanism capable of controlling walnut striking distance, which includes a fruit drop tube 1.1, a striking rod sleeve 1.2, a striking rod 1.3, a first connecting rod 1.4, a second connecting rod 1.5, a gear 1.6 with damping, and a rack 1.7 with a wedge block at the bottom end; the fruit dropping pipe 1.1 is vertical to and communicated with the impact rod sleeve 1.2, and a first open slot is arranged on the pipe wall; the number of the first slots is two, and the first slots are oppositely arranged; the impact rod 1.3 is sleeved in the impact rod sleeve 1.2 in a sliding manner and can extend out of the first end of the impact rod sleeve 1.2; the first end of the first connecting rod 1.4 is hinged on the first supporting rod on the impact rod sleeve 1.2, and the second end is a baffle plate which passes through the first open slot and extends into the fruit dropping pipe 1.1; the rod body of the second connecting rod 1.5 is hinged on a second supporting rod on the striking rod sleeve 1.2, the first end is a radial incomplete gear, and the second end is a baffle plate which passes through the first open slot and extends into the fruit dropping pipe 1.1; the baffle of the first connecting rod 1.4 and the baffle of the second connecting rod 1.5 are connected with the inner wall of the fruit dropping pipe 1.1 through baffle springs to prevent walnuts from falling into the impact rod sleeve 1.2; the circle center of the gear 1.6 is rotationally connected to a third support rod on the impact rod sleeve 1.2 and is respectively meshed with the radial incomplete gear and the rack 1.7; the rack 1.7 is arranged above the impact rod sleeve 1.2 through a rack support frame 1.8 and can vertically slide in the rack support frame 1.8; a strip-shaped groove is formed in the impact rod sleeve 1.2; the starting end of the strip-shaped groove is positioned below the wedge-shaped block and extends to the second end of the striking rod sleeve 1.2; a connecting handle 1.9 which extends out of the strip-shaped groove and can impact the wedge-shaped block is arranged on the rod body of the impact rod 1.3; the connecting handle 1.9 is used for being connected with a transmission mechanism which drives the impact rod 1.3 to slide in the walnut shell breaking device.
A single walnut passes through the fruit dropping pipe 1.1 to knock the baffle of the first connecting rod 1.4 and the baffle of the second connecting rod 1.5 apart and then fall into the impact rod sleeve 1.2, the second connecting rod 1.5 rotates, the gear 1.6 meshed with the radial incomplete gear rotates to drive the rack 1.7 meshed with the gear 1.6 to move downwards, the position of the wedge is adjusted, the gear 1.6 has damping and can rotate only under the action of external force, the wedge is fixed after the position adjustment is finished, the impact rod 1.3 slides towards the first end of the impact rod sleeve 1.2 to impact the walnut falling into the impact rod sleeve 1.2, the connecting handle 1.9 of the impact rod 1.3 collides with the wedge to limit the impact rod 1.3, the impact distance between the impact rod 1.3 and the impacted block 2 is controlled, and the mechanism for controlling the impact distance of the walnut shells can control the impact distance according to the size of the single walnut entering into the impact rod sleeve 1.2 to ensure that the walnut shells are crushed, the mechanism is convenient and fast, has strong practicability, and is an important auxiliary mechanism in the walnut shell breaking and kernel taking process.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the above-mentioned mechanism capable of controlling walnut striking distance further comprises a reset component; the reset assembly comprises a cam 1.10 and a first power source for driving the cam 1.10 to rotate; the cam 1.10 is arranged above the second connecting rod 1.5 and is positioned between a hinge point of the second connecting rod 1.5 and the second supporting rod and the first end of the second connecting rod 1.5. After a walnut breaks the baffle of the first connecting rod 1.4 and the baffle of the second connecting rod 1.5 and falls into the impact rod sleeve 1.2, the baffle of the first connecting rod 1.4 resets under the elastic force of the baffle spring, because the radial incomplete gear at the first end of the second connecting rod 1.5 is meshed with the gear 1.6, the gear 1.6 has damping and cannot rotate by itself to reset under the action of no external force, the baffle of the second connecting rod 1.5 is difficult to reset under the elastic force of the baffle spring, at the moment, the first power source drives the cam 1.10 to rotate, downward acting force is applied to the upwarped rod body of the second connecting rod 1.5 (namely, the hinged point of the second connecting rod 1.5 and the second supporting rod and the rod body between the first ends of the second connecting rod 1.5), and the reset of the second connecting rod 1.5 is realized, so that the impact distance is adjusted again when the next walnut passes through.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the rack support 1.8 is a laterally disposed T-shaped frame provided with a chute for accommodating the rack 1.7.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 5 to 9, the present embodiment provides a walnut shell breaking device, which comprises a collided block 2 arranged outside the first end of a striker sleeve 1.2 and the mechanism for controlling walnut collision distance shown in embodiment 1. The impact rod 1.3 pushes the walnut to impact the impacted block 2, and the walnut shell is crushed.
Further, the side of the struck block 2 facing the first end of the striking rod sleeve 1.2 is provided with a V-shaped groove so as to clamp the walnut.
Furthermore, the walnut shell breaking device also comprises a transmission mechanism and an impact force control circuit, wherein the transmission mechanism can control the impact force of the walnut; the transmission mechanism comprises a third connecting rod 3.1, a sliding block 3.2, a reciprocating motion assembly driving the sliding block 3.2 to horizontally slide in a reciprocating mode and a second power source providing power for the reciprocating motion assembly; the first end of the impact rod sleeve 1.2 is an open end, and the second end is a closed end; a striking spring 4 is arranged between the striking rod 1.3 and the closed end of the striking rod sleeve 1.2; the first end of the third connecting rod 3.1 is connected with the connecting handle 1.9 of the impact rod 1.3, and the second end is provided with an armature 3.3; the slide block 3.2 is provided with an electromagnetic switch U1 matched with the armature 3.3; the impact force control circuit comprises an electronic controller, a first power supply for supplying power to an electromagnetic switch U1, a displacement sensor for detecting the compression amount of the impact spring 4 and a second power supply for supplying power to the displacement sensor; and the electronic controller is used for receiving a detection value fed back by the displacement sensor and comparing a preset value and a detection value of the impact strength to judge whether to disconnect the first power supply and the electromagnetic switch U1.
The user inputs the default value in the controller according to the required striking dynamics of pending walnut kind, first power supplies power to electromagnetic switch U1, electromagnetic switch U1 produces magnetism this moment, single walnut falls into in striking rod sleeve 1.2, first power supply passes through drive assembly and drives slider 3.2 horizontal reciprocating sliding, electromagnetic switch U1 adsorbs armature 3.3, slider 3.2 drives the striking rod 1.3 compression striking spring 4 of being connected with third connecting rod 3.1, displacement sensor detects striking spring 4 compression volume, and transmit the detected value to electronic controller, electronic controller contrast detected value and default value, reach the default value to the detected value, disconnect the connection between first power and the electromagnetic switch U1, electromagnetic switch U1 magnetism disappears, striking spring 4 resets, promote striking rod 1.3 with the walnut in striking rod sleeve 1.2 to being collided piece 2, accomplish the broken shell of single walnut. Wherein, the determination of the required impact strength of the types of walnuts to be processed is prior art and is not described herein again.
Further, as shown in fig. 11, the impact force control circuit further includes a rectifying circuit, a filtering circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit; the electronic controller is a relay K1; the first power supply is a direct current power supply V2; the displacement sensor is a variable-pole-pitch capacitive sensor C1; the second power supply is an alternating current power supply V1; the output current of the variable-pole-pitch capacitive sensor C1 is an alternating-current voltage signal, and a direct-current voltage signal which can be detected by the relay K1 can be obtained through a rectifying circuit, a filter circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit.
In the present embodiment, specifically, as shown in fig. 11, a capacitance sensor protection resistor R1 is connected in series to the variable-pitch capacitance sensor C1; the rectifying circuit includes a rectifying bridge D1; the filter circuit comprises a filter capacitor C2 and a filter circuit resistor R2 connected with the filter capacitor C2 in parallel; the voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing diode D2, a first voltage stabilizing circuit resistor R3 and a second voltage stabilizing circuit resistor R4; the electromagnetic switch U1 is connected in series with an electromagnetic switch protection resistor R5.
The impact force control circuit works:
firstly, when the impact force control circuit starts to work, a direct current circuit is conducted, a direct current power supply V2 is communicated with an electromagnetic switch U1, the electromagnetic switch U1 is closed to generate a magnetic field to adsorb an armature 3.3, and an impact spring 4 is compressed;
the alternating current power supply V1 supplies power to the variable-pole-distance capacitive sensor C1 and detects the compression amount of the impact spring 4;
③ along with the compression of the impact spring 4, the distance between two polar plates of the variable-polar-distance capacitive sensor C1 changes, and according to the capacitive sensor formula C = (epsilon S)/delta and the capacitive formula C = Q/U, the capacitance becomes larger and the voltage becomes smaller along with the smaller polar plate distance;
fourthly, the variable pole pitch type capacitive sensor C1 outputs voltage signals, namely alternating current voltage signals, and direct current voltage signals can be obtained through a bridge rectifier circuit, a filter circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit;
the direct current voltage signal is measured by a relay K1;
when the direct-current voltage signal is smaller than the lower limit value set by the relay K1, the relay K1 is switched off, so that the direct-current circuit is switched off, the direct-current power supply V2 is switched off from the electromagnetic switch U1, the magnetic field of the electromagnetic switch U1 disappears, the electromagnetic switch U1 is separated from the armature 3.3, and the impact spring 4 is released.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, a semicircular slot is provided on the rod body of the impact rod sleeve 1.2 near the closed end, the semicircular slot extends to the closed end of the impact rod sleeve 1.2 to mount the impact spring 4, and the terminating end of the strip-shaped slot is located at the starting end of the semicircular slot.
Further, as shown in fig. 10, the walnut shell breaking device further comprises a fruit dropping control mechanism; the fruit dropping control mechanism comprises a feed inlet 5.1 arranged at the top end of the fruit dropping pipe 1.1, a disc 5.2 rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the fruit dropping pipe 1.1, a fourth connecting rod 5.3, a fifth connecting rod 5.4, a sixth connecting rod 5.5 and a third power source for driving the disc 5.2 to rotate; a second slot is arranged on the pipe wall of the fruit dropping pipe 1.1; the second open slot is positioned above the first open slot; the first end of a fourth connecting rod 5.3 penetrates through a fourth supporting rod arranged on the impact rod sleeve 1.2, and the second end is a baffle plate which penetrates through the second open groove and extends into the fruit dropping pipe 1.1 to prevent walnuts from dropping; the fourth connecting rod 5.3 can horizontally move in the rotary hole of the fourth supporting rod; the first end of the fifth connecting rod 5.4 is rotatably connected to a non-circle center point on the disc 5.2, and the second end is connected with the fourth connecting rod 5.3 through the sixth connecting rod 5.5. A plurality of walnuts enter the fruit dropping pipe 1.1 from the feeding hole 5.1, the disc 5.2 is driven by the third power source to rotate according to the preset frequency, and the fourth connecting rod 5.3 connected with the fifth connecting rod 5.4 through the sixth connecting rod 5.5 does reciprocating motion with fixed frequency, so that a single walnut falls down with fixed frequency, and the sorting of the single walnut is realized. The control circuit and the control components required by the third power source for driving the disc 5.2 to rotate according to the preset frequency can be realized by the existing means.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, a through groove through which the second link 1.5 passes is provided on the striking rod sleeve 1.2, and the fourth support rod is located between the second support rod and the third support rod.
Further, the feed opening 5.1 is a funnel-shaped feed opening.
The reciprocating component can be a crank-slider mechanism, a gear-rack mechanism or a push-rod cam mechanism, etc. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the reciprocating assembly includes a seventh connecting rod 3.4 and a rotating shaft 3.5 connected to the second power source; the first end of the seventh connecting rod 3.4 is rotatably connected to a non-circle center point on the end surface of the rotating shaft 3.5, and the second end is connected with the sliding block 3.2. The second power source drives the rotating shaft 3.5 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 3.5, the seventh connecting rod 3.4 and the sliding block 3.2 form a crank sliding block mechanism to convert the rotation into horizontal reciprocating motion.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the walnut shell breaking device further comprises a shell 6; the impact rod sleeve 1.2 is arranged in the shell 6 through a sleeve support frame 7; the collided block 2 is arranged on a partition board in the shell 6; two ends of the sliding block 3.2 are respectively inserted into two parallel horizontal sliding grooves 8 on the inner wall of the shell 6 in a sliding manner, and the sliding of the sliding block 3.2 is limited through the horizontal sliding grooves 8; the rotating shaft 3.5 is arranged in the machine shell 6 through a rotating shaft supporting frame 9.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, the third link 3.1 is an L-shaped rod.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the rotating shaft support frame 9 includes a straight rod, an annular frame disposed at the top end of the straight rod, and a bearing having an outer ring installed in the annular frame, and two ends of the rotating shaft 3.5 are connected to the inner ring of the bearing.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the walnut shell breaking device further comprises an oscillator 10 located below the collided block 2. The walnut which is knocked open by the knocking rod 1.3 and the knocking block 2 falls into the oscillator 10, and the shell and the kernel are separated through oscillation.
Further, the walnut shell breaking device further comprises a crotch-shaped ventilation cavity 11 as shown in fig. 5 to 9; the crotch-shaped ventilation cavity 11 is arranged in a space between the partition plate and the shell wall of the shell 6 and is provided with a fruit crushing inlet 11.1, a shell outlet 11.2 and a kernel outlet 11.3 which are communicated with each other; the oscillator 10 inclines towards the crushed fruit inlet 11.1, and the outlet is aligned with the crushed fruit inlet 11.1; the shell outlet 11.2 and the kernel outlet 11.3 are positioned on the shell wall of the shell 6, and a negative pressure fan 12 is arranged at the shell outlet 11.2. The shell and the kernels after the oscillation separation are sent into a fork-shaped ventilation cavity 11 along a crushed-kernel inlet 11.1, the shell is sucked into a shell outlet 11.2 under the action of wind power of a negative-pressure fan 12, and the kernels leave along a kernel outlet 11.3, so that the separation and kernel taking of walnuts are completed.
Further, the first power source, the second power source and the third power source are all motors.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a use method of a walnut shell breaking device, which is implemented on the basis of the walnut shell breaking device in the embodiment 2 and comprises the following steps:
s1, inputting a preset value into an electronic controller according to the impact force required by the type of the walnut to be processed, supplying power to an electromagnetic switch U1 by a first power supply, and generating magnetism by the electromagnetic switch U1;
s2, a plurality of walnuts enter the fruit dropping pipe 1.1 from the feeding hole 5.1, the disc 5.2 is driven to rotate by the third power source according to the preset frequency, and the fourth connecting rod 5.3 connected with the fifth connecting rod 5.4 through the sixth connecting rod 5.5 makes reciprocating motion with fixed frequency, so that a single walnut falls on the baffle of the first connecting rod 1.4 and the baffle of the second connecting rod 1.5 with fixed frequency, and the sorting of the single walnut is realized;
s3, enabling a single walnut to penetrate through the fruit dropping pipe 1.1, enabling the baffle of the first connecting rod 1.4 and the baffle of the second connecting rod 1.5 to be collided and then fall into the impact rod sleeve 1.2, enabling the second connecting rod 1.5 to rotate, enabling the gear 1.6 meshed with the radial incomplete gear to rotate, driving the rack 1.7 meshed with the gear 1.6 to move downwards, and adjusting the position of the wedge-shaped block;
s4, the second power source drives the sliding block 3.2 to horizontally slide in a reciprocating mode through the reciprocating motion assembly, the electromagnetic switch U1 adsorbs the armature 3.3, the sliding block 3.2 drives the impact rod 1.3 connected with the third connecting rod 3.1 to compress the impact spring 4, the displacement sensor detects the compression amount of the impact spring 4 and transmits a detected value to the electronic controller, the electronic controller compares the detected value with a preset value until the detected value reaches the preset value, the connection between the first power source and the electromagnetic switch U1 is disconnected, the magnetism of the electromagnetic switch U1 disappears, the impact spring 4 resets, the impact rod 1.3 is pushed to enable the walnut in the impact rod sleeve 1.2 to impact the impacted block 2 until the connecting handle 1.9 on the impact rod 1.3 impacts the wedge block, and the shell breaking of a single walnut is completed;
s5, the walnut after shell breaking is the crushed fruit with the shell broken, the crushed fruit is separated from the kernel after oscillation, the crushed fruit is sent into the crotch-shaped ventilation cavity 11, the shell is sucked into the shell outlet 11.2 under the action of wind power, and the kernel leaves along the kernel outlet 11.3.
In step S1, the determination of the impact strength required by the types of walnuts to be processed is the prior art and will not be described herein. In step S2, the control circuit and the control components required by the third power source to rotate the disc 5.2 according to the predetermined frequency can be implemented by conventional means.
Further, the use method of the walnut shell breaking device further comprises the following steps of resetting the second connecting rod 1.5:
the cam 1.10 rotates to apply a downward acting force to the rod body of the second connecting rod 1.5 which is tilted upwards (i.e. the rod body between the hinge point of the second connecting rod 1.5 and the second supporting rod and the first end of the second connecting rod 1.5), so as to realize the resetting of the second connecting rod 1.5.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, or direct or indirect applications in other related fields, which are made by the contents of the present specification, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A mechanism capable of controlling walnut impact spacing is characterized by comprising a fruit dropping pipe, an impact rod sleeve, an impact rod, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a gear with damping and a rack with a wedge-shaped block at the bottom end;
the fruit dropping pipe is perpendicular to and communicated with the impact rod sleeve, and a first open groove is formed in the pipe wall;
the number of the first grooves is two, and the first grooves are oppositely arranged;
the impact rod is sleeved in the impact rod sleeve in a sliding manner and can extend out of the first end of the impact rod sleeve;
the first end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the first supporting rod on the striking rod sleeve, and the second end of the first connecting rod is a baffle plate which penetrates through the first open groove and extends into the fruit dropping pipe;
the rod body of the second connecting rod is hinged on a second supporting rod on the striking rod sleeve, the first end is a radial incomplete gear, and the second end is a baffle plate which penetrates through the first open groove and extends into the fruit dropping pipe;
the baffle of the first connecting rod and the baffle of the second connecting rod are connected with the inner wall of the fruit dropping pipe through baffle springs to prevent walnuts from falling into the impact rod sleeve;
the circle center of the gear is rotationally connected to a third support rod on the impact rod sleeve and is respectively meshed with the radial incomplete gear and the rack;
the rack is arranged above the impact rod sleeve through a rack support frame and can vertically slide in the rack support frame;
a strip-shaped groove is formed in the impact rod sleeve;
the starting end of the strip-shaped groove is positioned below the wedge-shaped block and extends to the second end of the striking rod sleeve;
a connecting handle which extends out of the strip-shaped groove and can impact the wedge-shaped block is arranged on the rod body of the impact rod;
the connecting handle is used for being connected with a transmission mechanism which drives the impact rod to slide in the walnut shell breaking device.
2. The mechanism for controlling walnut striking intervals according to claim 1, further comprising a reset component;
the reset assembly comprises a cam and a first power source for driving the cam to rotate;
the cam is arranged above the second connecting rod and is positioned between a hinge point of the second connecting rod and the second supporting rod and the first end of the second connecting rod.
3. The mechanism for controlling walnut striking intervals according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rack support frame is a laterally arranged T-shaped frame provided with a sliding groove for accommodating a rack.
4. A walnut shell breaking device, which is characterized by comprising a collided block arranged outside the first end of a collision rod sleeve and a mechanism capable of controlling the walnut collision distance according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. The walnut shell breaking device of claim 4, further comprising a transmission mechanism and an impact force control circuit capable of controlling the impact force of the walnut;
the transmission mechanism comprises a third connecting rod, a sliding block, a reciprocating motion assembly driving the sliding block to horizontally slide in a reciprocating mode and a second power source providing power for the reciprocating motion assembly;
the first end of the impact rod sleeve is an open end, and the second end of the impact rod sleeve is a closed end;
an impact spring is arranged between the impact rod and the closed end of the impact rod sleeve;
the first end of the third connecting rod is connected with the connecting handle of the impact rod, and the second end of the third connecting rod is provided with an armature;
the slide block is provided with an electromagnetic switch matched with the armature;
the impact force control circuit comprises an electronic controller, a first power supply for supplying power to the electromagnetic switch, a displacement sensor for detecting the compression amount of the impact spring and a second power supply for supplying power to the displacement sensor;
and the electronic controller is used for receiving a detection value fed back by the displacement sensor and comparing a preset value and a detection value of the impact strength to judge whether to disconnect the first power supply and the electromagnetic switch.
6. The walnut shell breaking device of claim 5, further comprising a fruit drop control mechanism;
the fruit dropping control mechanism comprises a feed inlet arranged at the top end of the fruit dropping pipe, a disc rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the fruit dropping pipe, a fourth connecting rod, a fifth connecting rod, a sixth connecting rod and a third power source for driving the disc to rotate;
a second slot is formed in the pipe wall of the fruit dropping pipe;
the second slot is positioned above the first slot;
the first end of the fourth connecting rod penetrates through a fourth supporting rod arranged on the striking rod sleeve, and the second end of the fourth connecting rod is a baffle which penetrates through the second open groove and extends into the fruit dropping pipe to prevent walnuts from dropping;
the fourth connecting rod can horizontally move in the rotary hole of the fourth supporting rod;
and the first end of the fifth connecting rod is rotatably connected to a non-circle center point on the disc, and the second end of the fifth connecting rod is connected with the fourth connecting rod through a sixth connecting rod.
7. A walnut shell breaking device according to claim 5 or 6 wherein the reciprocating assembly includes a seventh connecting rod and a rotating shaft connected with a second power source;
and the first end of the seventh connecting rod is rotatably connected to a non-circle center point on the end surface of the rotating shaft, and the second end of the seventh connecting rod is connected with the sliding block.
8. The walnut shell breaking device of claim 7, further comprising a shell;
the impact rod sleeve is arranged in the shell through a sleeve support frame;
the collided block is arranged on a partition plate in the shell;
two ends of the sliding block are respectively inserted into two parallel horizontal sliding grooves on the inner wall of the shell in a sliding manner;
the rotating shaft is arranged in the shell through a rotating shaft supporting frame.
9. The walnut shell breaking device of claim 8, further comprising an oscillator located below the bumped block.
10. The walnut shell breaking device of claim 9, further comprising a crotch-type ventilation cavity;
the crotch-shaped ventilation cavity is arranged in a space between the partition plate and the shell wall of the shell and is provided with a broken fruit inlet, a shell outlet and a kernel outlet which are communicated with each other;
the oscillator inclines towards the crushed fruit inlet, and the outlet is aligned with the crushed fruit inlet;
the shell outlet and the kernel outlet are positioned on the shell wall of the shell, and a negative pressure fan is arranged at the shell outlet.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811085538.1A CN109007869B (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2018-09-18 | Mechanism capable of controlling walnut collision distance and walnut shell breaking device |
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| CN201811085538.1A CN109007869B (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2018-09-18 | Mechanism capable of controlling walnut collision distance and walnut shell breaking device |
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| CN109007869B true CN109007869B (en) | 2021-05-14 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111418854B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2022-03-08 | 杭州姚生记食品有限公司 | Processing method and processing system for cracked hickory nut shells |
| CN112493497B (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2022-03-22 | 塔里木大学 | Novel extrusion formula walnut broken shell equipment |
| CN112678295B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-08-09 | 江西立讯智造有限公司 | A label pasting equipment for bluetooth headset |
| CN112655989B (en) * | 2021-01-10 | 2022-09-23 | 山东绿之润食品有限公司 | Gradually-opened shell opening device for Chinese chestnuts for food processing |
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| CN102326852A (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-01-25 | 西北工业大学 | Continuous walnut shell breaking machine |
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| US4665814A (en) * | 1986-06-13 | 1987-05-19 | Harborne Eric G | Impacting nut cracker |
| CN102326852A (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-01-25 | 西北工业大学 | Continuous walnut shell breaking machine |
| CN103169135A (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2013-06-26 | 陈皓 | Apricot pit hull breaking machine |
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