CN109003826B - preparation method of N and S double-doped graphene-graphene nanoribbon aerogel - Google Patents

preparation method of N and S double-doped graphene-graphene nanoribbon aerogel Download PDF

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CN109003826B
CN109003826B CN201810841851.7A CN201810841851A CN109003826B CN 109003826 B CN109003826 B CN 109003826B CN 201810841851 A CN201810841851 A CN 201810841851A CN 109003826 B CN109003826 B CN 109003826B
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CN109003826A (en
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郑玉婴
周珺
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FUJIAN CHENQI NEW MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22Electrodes
    • H01G11/24Electrodes characterised by structural features of the materials making up or comprised in the electrodes, e.g. form, surface area or porosity; characterised by the structural features of powders or particles used therefor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/15Nano-sized carbon materials
    • C01B32/182Graphene
    • C01B32/184Preparation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/15Nano-sized carbon materials
    • C01B32/182Graphene
    • C01B32/194After-treatment
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22Electrodes
    • H01G11/30Electrodes characterised by their material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22Electrodes
    • H01G11/30Electrodes characterised by their material
    • H01G11/32Carbon-based
    • H01G11/36Nanostructures, e.g. nanofibres, nanotubes or fullerenes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/84Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
    • H01G11/86Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/13Energy storage using capacitors

Abstract

the invention discloses a preparation method of N and S double-doped graphene-graphene nanobelt aerogel, and belongs to the technical field of electrode material preparation. Firstly, mixing a graphene oxide nanobelt and graphene oxide, adding deionized water, and performing ultrasonic homogenization to obtain a mixed solution; adding pyrrole and thiophene into the mixed solution, and carrying out a hydrothermal reaction to obtain hydrogel; placing the obtained hydrogel into KNO3Carrying out secondary hydrothermal reaction in the solution, cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing and freeze-drying; and thermally cracking the product obtained after freeze drying in an argon atmosphere to prepare the N and S double-doped graphene-graphene nanobelt aerogel. The graphene aerogel disclosed by the invention contains N and S, wherein the double doping of N and S can further enhance the reactivity and the conductivity of a carbon material, and compared with a single N or S doped material, the electrochemical performance of the graphene aerogel is improved by introducing more active sites, so that the graphene aerogel is expected to be applied to an electrode material of a supercapacitor.

Description

Preparation method of N and S double-doped graphene-graphene nanoribbon aerogel
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrode material preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of N and S double-doped graphene-graphene nanobelt aerogel.
Background
among all carbon materials, such as carbon nanotubes, nanofibers, porous carbons, hollow nanospheres, carbon capsules, graphene nanoplatelets, graphene nanoribbons and composites thereof, graphene is superior to other carbon materials due to its extraordinary electronic and mechanical properties. While graphene has made considerable progress in supercapacitors, the performance is still less than satisfactory. This is because the strong van der waals forces and pi-pi stacking interactions between graphene layers make them prone to aggregate to form graphite-like structures, resulting in a loss of effective specific surface area, reducing its specific capacitance. Therefore, in order to fully utilize the electrochemical properties of graphene, the self-stacking problem thereof must be effectively suppressed.
Graphene aerogels represent a new class of monolithic carbonaceous materials with developed pores, ultra-low density
and the excellent conductive property endows the graphene aerogel with wide application prospects in the fields of energy, environmental protection, catalysis and the like, and is a research hotspot in recent years.
disclosure of Invention
the invention aims to provide a preparation method of N and S double-doped graphene-graphene nanobelt aerogel aiming at the defects of the prior art.
in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A preparation method of N and S double-doped graphene-graphene nanoribbon aerogel comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a graphene oxide nano belt;
(2) preparing graphene oxide;
(3) Mixing the graphene oxide nanobelt prepared in the step (1) and the graphene oxide prepared in the step (2), adding deionized water, and performing ultrasonic homogenization to obtain a mixed solution with the concentration of 2 mg/mL;
(4) Adding pyrrole and thiophene into the mixed solution obtained in the step (3) to perform a hydrothermal reaction at the temperature of 165 ~ 180 ℃ for 3 ~ 5h to obtain hydrogel;
(5) putting the hydrogel obtained in the step (4) into 2M KNO3carrying out secondary hydrothermal reaction in the solution at the reaction temperature of 120 ~ 130 ℃ for 2 ~ 3h, cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing and freeze-drying;
(6) And (3) thermally cracking the product obtained after freeze drying in the step (5) for 2 hours at 1050 ~ 1100 ℃ in an argon atmosphere to obtain the N and S double-doped graphene-graphene nanobelt aerogel.
The mass ratio of the graphene oxide nanoribbon to the graphene oxide in the step (3) is 1: 1.
The mass ratio of the pyrrole to the thiophene in the step (4) is 1:1, wherein the adding amount of the pyrrole is 1wt% of the graphene oxide.
the prepared N and S double-doped graphene-graphene nanoribbon aerogel is used in an electrode material, and the specific steps are as follows: adding N and S double-doped graphene-graphene nanoribbon aerogel, acetylene black and polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion into the same weighing bottle according to the mass ratio of 90:5:5, uniformly stirring and mixing, blowing a sample into paste by using an electric hair drier, coating the paste material on foamed nickel by using the foamed nickel as a current collector, and performing vacuum drying at 120 ℃ for 24 hours to finally obtain the required electrode.
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the graphene nanoribbons are inserted between the graphene layers, which is beneficial to improving the conductivity of the graphene layers, and the carbon nanotubes can also be used as spacers to prevent the aggregation of the graphene layers; in addition, the low-dimensional carbon material is self-assembled into a three-dimensional porous nano-structure network, so that the specific surface area of the low-dimensional carbon material can be greatly improved, a large electrode/electrolyte contact area is provided for charge transfer reaction, and the ion transport length is shortened, so that the electrochemical performance is improved;
(2) according to the invention, N and S are doped in the graphene aerogel, wherein the double doping of N and S can further enhance the reactivity and the conductivity of the carbon material, and compared with a single N or S doped material, more active sites are introduced, so that the electrochemical performance of the graphene aerogel is improved.
Detailed Description
the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Preparing a graphene oxide nano belt:
(A) concentrated H at 36 mL2SO4Adding 0.15 g of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), magnetically stirring for 2H, and adding 4 mL of H3PO4continuously stirring for 15 min; 1.2 g of KMnO was added4Then, the mixture was transferred to a 65 ℃ oil bath and heated and stirred for 2 hours. After the reaction was completed and cooled to room temperature, 100 mL of ice water (containing 5 mL of 30% H) was added2O2) Standing for 14 h;
(B) After the standing is finished, pouring out supernatant, performing suction filtration on the residual solution by using a microporous filter membrane of 220 mu m, and washing twice by using 6 mL of 20% HCl; dispersing the solid obtained by suction filtration in 60 mL of ultrapure water again, stirring for 2h, performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a uniformly dispersed solution, adding the uniformly dispersed solution into 40 mL of 30% HCl, and standing for 14 h;
(C) And (3) carrying out suction filtration by using the same filter membrane, dispersing the obtained product in 40 mL of anhydrous methanol again, stirring for 2h, adding 60 mL of anhydrous ether, standing for 1h, filtering by using the filter membrane, washing by using 10 mL of ether, dispersing the obtained solid in proper ultrapure water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment until the solid is uniform, finally obtaining a graphene oxide nanobelt suspension, and freeze-drying the graphene oxide nanobelt suspension to obtain black brown graphene oxide nanobelt powder (GONRs).
Preparing graphene oxide: uniformly mixing graphite with a concentrated sulfuric acid/concentrated phosphoric acid system (v/v =9: 1), slowly adding potassium permanganate, uniformly stirring for 0.5h, stirring for 12h in a 50 ℃ water bath, slowly adding deionized water, keeping the temperature below 100 ℃, dropwise adding 5wt% of hydrogen peroxide, adding hydrochloric acid for washing when the mixed solution turns into golden yellow, reacting for 5 min, washing with deionized water to be neutral, and using BaCl2Detecting the presence or absence of SO4 2-Residual, and then freeze-drying for 24 hours to obtain graphite oxide powder; adding the prepared graphite oxide powder into deionized water, performing ultrasonic treatment for 1h, centrifuging at the rotating speed of 2000r/min for 10min, removing lower-layer precipitates, taking upper-layer liquid, freezing the upper-layer liquid at 0 ℃ for 12h, and then placing the upper-layer liquid in a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 36h to obtain the graphene oxide.
Example 1
A preparation method of N and S double-doped graphene-graphene nanoribbon aerogel comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a graphene oxide nano belt;
(2) preparing graphene oxide;
(3) Mixing 50mg of the graphene oxide nanobelt prepared in the step (1) with 50mg of the graphene oxide prepared in the step (2), adding 50mL of deionized water, and performing ultrasonic homogenization to obtain a mixed solution with the concentration of 2 mg/mL;
(4) adding 0.5mg of pyrrole and 0.5mg of thiophene into the mixed solution obtained in the step (3), and carrying out a hydrothermal reaction at 165 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain hydrogel;
(5) Putting the hydrogel obtained in the step (4) into 2M KNO3Carrying out secondary hydrothermal reaction in the solution at the reaction temperature of 120 ℃ for 3h, cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing and freeze-drying;
(6) and (3) thermally cracking the product obtained after freeze drying in the step (5) for 2 hours at 1050 ℃ in an argon atmosphere to obtain the N and S double-doped graphene-graphene nanobelt aerogel.
Example 2
A preparation method of N and S double-doped graphene-graphene nanoribbon aerogel comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a graphene oxide nano belt;
(2) Preparing graphene oxide;
(3) Mixing 50mg of the graphene oxide nanobelt prepared in the step (1) with 50mg of the graphene oxide prepared in the step (2), adding 50mL of deionized water, and performing ultrasonic homogenization to obtain a mixed solution with the concentration of 2 mg/mL;
(4) adding 0.5mg of pyrrole and 0.5mg of thiophene into the mixed solution obtained in the step (3), and carrying out a hydrothermal reaction at the reaction temperature of 180 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain hydrogel;
(5) Putting the hydrogel obtained in the step (4) into 2M KNO3Carrying out secondary hydrothermal reaction in the solution at the reaction temperature of 130 ℃ for 2 hours, cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing and freeze-drying;
(6) And (3) thermally cracking the product obtained after freeze drying in the step (5) for 2 hours at 1100 ℃ in an argon atmosphere to prepare the N and S double-doped graphene-graphene nanobelt aerogel.
Example 3
A preparation method of N and S double-doped graphene-graphene nanoribbon aerogel comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a graphene oxide nano belt;
(2) preparing graphene oxide;
(3) mixing 50mg of the graphene oxide nanobelt prepared in the step (1) with 50mg of the graphene oxide prepared in the step (2), adding 50mL of deionized water, and performing ultrasonic homogenization to obtain a mixed solution with the concentration of 2 mg/mL;
(4) Adding 0.5mg of pyrrole and 0.5mg of thiophene into the mixed solution obtained in the step (3), and carrying out a hydrothermal reaction at the temperature of 170 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain hydrogel;
(5) putting the hydrogel obtained in the step (4) into 2M KNO3carrying out secondary hydrothermal reaction in the solution at the reaction temperature of 125 ℃ for 2.5h, cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing and freeze-drying;
(6) And (3) thermally cracking the product obtained after freeze drying in the step (5) for 2h at 1080 ℃ in an argon atmosphere to prepare the N and S double-doped graphene-graphene nanobelt aerogel.
comparative example 1
A preparation method of N-doped graphene-graphene nanoribbon aerogel specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a graphene oxide nano belt;
(2) preparing graphene oxide;
(3) Mixing 50mg of the graphene oxide nanobelt prepared in the step (1) with 50mg of the graphene oxide prepared in the step (2), adding 50mL of deionized water, and performing ultrasonic homogenization to obtain a mixed solution with the concentration of 2 mg/mL;
(4) Adding 0.5mg of pyrrole and 0.5mg of thiophene into the mixed solution obtained in the step (3), and carrying out a hydrothermal reaction at the temperature of 170 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain hydrogel;
(5) Putting the hydrogel obtained in the step (4) into 2M KNO3carrying out secondary hydrothermal reaction in the solution at the reaction temperature of 125 ℃ for 2.5h, cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing and freeze-drying;
(6) And (3) thermally cracking the product obtained after freeze drying in the step (5) for 2 hours at 1080 ℃ in an argon atmosphere to prepare the N-doped graphene-graphene nanobelt aerogel.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of S-doped graphene-graphene nanoribbon aerogel specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a graphene oxide nano belt;
(2) preparing graphene oxide;
(3) mixing 50mg of the graphene oxide nanobelt prepared in the step (1) with 50mg of the graphene oxide prepared in the step (2), adding 50mL of deionized water, and performing ultrasonic homogenization to obtain a mixed solution with the concentration of 2 mg/mL;
(4) adding 0.5mg of pyrrole and 0.5mg of thiophene into the mixed solution obtained in the step (3), and carrying out a hydrothermal reaction at the temperature of 170 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain hydrogel;
(5) putting the hydrogel obtained in the step (4) into 2M KNO3carrying out secondary hydrothermal reaction in the solution at the reaction temperature of 125 ℃ for 2.5h, cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing and freeze-drying;
(6) and (3) thermally cracking the product obtained after freeze drying in the step (5) for 2h at 1080 ℃ in an argon atmosphere to prepare the S-doped graphene-graphene nanobelt aerogel.
The prepared N and S double-doped graphene-graphene nanoribbon aerogel, N-doped graphene-graphene nanoribbon aerogel and S-doped graphene-graphene nanoribbon aerogel are used in an electrode material, and the specific steps are as follows: adding N-and S-double-doped graphene/carbon nanotube aerogel (or N-doped graphene-graphene nanoribbon aerogel and S-doped graphene-graphene nanoribbon aerogel), acetylene black and polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion into the same weighing bottle according to the mass ratio of 90:5:5, stirring and mixing uniformly, blowing a sample to be pasty by using an electric hair drier, coating the pasty material on foamed nickel by using the foamed nickel as a current collector, and performing vacuum drying at 120 ℃ for 24 hours to finally obtain the required electrode.
the obtained electrode was subjected to density, specific surface area and electrochemical performance tests, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 aerogel electrode Properties
the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. a preparation method of N and S double-doped graphene-graphene nanoribbon aerogel is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a graphene oxide nano belt;
(2) Preparing graphene oxide;
(3) Mixing the graphene oxide nanobelt prepared in the step (1) and the graphene oxide prepared in the step (2), adding deionized water, and performing ultrasonic homogenization to obtain a mixed solution with the concentration of 2 mg/mL;
(4) adding pyrrole and thiophene into the mixed solution obtained in the step (3) to perform a hydrothermal reaction at the temperature of 165 ~ 180 ℃ for 3 ~ 5h to obtain hydrogel;
(5) Putting the hydrogel obtained in the step (4) into 2M KNO3carrying out secondary hydrothermal reaction in the solution at the reaction temperature of 120 ~ 130 ℃ for 2 ~ 3h, cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing and freeze-drying;
(6) thermally cracking the product obtained after freeze drying in the step (5) for 2 hours at 1050 ~ 1100 ℃ in an argon atmosphere to obtain the N and S double-doped graphene-graphene nanobelt aerogel;
The mass ratio of the graphene oxide nanoribbon to the graphene oxide in the step (3) is 1: 1;
the mass ratio of the pyrrole to the thiophene in the step (4) is 1:1, wherein the adding amount of the pyrrole is 1wt% of the graphene oxide.
2. the application of the N and S double-doped graphene-graphene nanoribbon aerogel prepared by the preparation method of claim 1 in an electrode material, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: adding N and S double-doped graphene-graphene nanoribbon aerogel, acetylene black and polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion into the same weighing bottle according to the mass ratio of 90:5:5, uniformly stirring and mixing, blowing a sample into paste by using an electric hair drier, coating the paste material on foamed nickel by using the foamed nickel as a current collector, and performing vacuum drying at 120 ℃ for 24 hours to finally obtain the required electrode.
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CN110155992B (en) * 2019-06-14 2022-10-25 福州大学 Preparation method of sulfur and nitrogen co-doped graphene quantum dot electrolyte suitable for super capacitor
CN111484644A (en) * 2020-04-17 2020-08-04 东华理工大学 Method for preparing, separating and enriching uranium from polyamidoxime/graphene nanoribbon composite aerogel
CN112795801B (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-09-07 西南交通大学 Preparation method of graphene-based reinforced carbon-copper composite material
CN115472440B (en) * 2022-08-18 2024-03-15 兰州大学 Graphene-based N, S doped electrode material and preparation method thereof
CN115414874B (en) * 2022-08-31 2023-07-14 安普瑞斯(无锡)有限公司 Multiple polyatomic co-doped carbon aerogel and preparation method and application thereof

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