CN1090014C - 头发护理组合物 - Google Patents

头发护理组合物 Download PDF

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CN1090014C
CN1090014C CN97192972A CN97192972A CN1090014C CN 1090014 C CN1090014 C CN 1090014C CN 97192972 A CN97192972 A CN 97192972A CN 97192972 A CN97192972 A CN 97192972A CN 1090014 C CN1090014 C CN 1090014C
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care composition
hair care
type hair
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ammonium
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小戴维·拉尼
迈克尔·T·多德
约翰·P·费瑟斯顿
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种留置型头发护理组合物,其包含:(i)0.1-10wt%的阳离子交联聚合调理剂,其包含单体单元(A)m(B)n(C)p和一种交联剂,其中:(A)是一种二烷基氨基烷基丙烯酸酯单体或其季铵或酸加成盐;(B)是一种二烷基氨基烷基甲基丙烯酸酯单体或其季铵或酸加成盐;(C)是一种可与(A)或(B)进行聚合的非离子单体;m、n和p独立地为0或大于0,但m或n至少有一个为1或大于1;(ii)0.1-10wt%的一种盐;和(iii)60-99.8wt%的一种极性溶剂;其中,所述阳离子交联聚合调理剂与所述盐的重量比为约1∶25-25∶1;其中,组合物的粘度为10-500cP,使用Brookfield粘度计,Spindel #41,在25℃及10RPM下3分钟测得。

Description

头发护理组合物
发明领域
本发明涉及具有改善头发调理性能的留置型头发护理组合物。这些组合物包含阳离子交联聚合调理剂、一种盐和一种极性溶剂。与常规含有所述调理剂的产品相比,本发明的这些产品具有出人意料的低粘度。所述组合物的低粘度使得这种组合物可用作留置型产品,如生发剂、喷发胶、摩丝等。
                       发明背景
头发因与周围环境接触以及因头发毛囊分泌皮脂而变得脏污。皮脂的堆积与环境脏污均可能造成头发脏污或有油污感觉,而从外观看也不美观。为了改善这些影响,就必须定期清洗头发。
对头发进行清洗可除去过量的皮脂及其它环境造成的污垢,但是其缺点是会使头发处于一种潮湿、缠结及相对不易整理的状态。洗头发也可能导致头发变干,这是因为洗发过程除去了天然油性物质或其它头发滋润物质。洗发后,头发会损失其“柔软”感觉。频繁洗发还会造成“末端分叉”现象,对长发来说更是如此。末端分叉是指头发的末端***成为两叉或多叉,导致头发卷曲。
人们对如何调理头发已进行了广泛的研究。这些方法包括洗发后用头发漂洗剂、留置型头发调理剂和生发剂以及喷发胶,和在洗发剂中包含调理成分。虽然许多消费者偏爱使用简易方便的含调理剂的洗发剂,但绝大多数消费者还是喜欢与洗发步骤分开单独使用调理剂组合物,所述单独使用调理剂的过程通常在洗发后进行。这些头发调理剂通常是一种增稠产品,如漂洗剂膏或凝胶,以便于在洗浴时涂抹并分配于头发上;或者其为一种低粘度产品,如生发剂、喷发胶或摩丝,以便于在洗浴后分配并涂抹于头发上。
低粘度头发调理组合物如生发剂、头发调理用喷发胶及摩丝也是本领域中公知的产品。这些产品因其能输送头发护理定型剂或调理剂至头发上且同时使组合物残余的蜡或表面活性剂很少而得以广泛使用。
在现有技术中已公开了作为调理剂、增稠剂或头发损伤保护剂的交联聚合调理剂。PCT专利申请WO 94/10833(Cox等,1995.4.13公开)公开了用于改善头发光泽的头发护理组合物,其包含交联聚合调理剂。这些调理剂虽然有效,但会使粘度增加,最适于制作膏状和乳状洗发剂和调理剂。然而,所形成的含这些交联聚合调理剂的高粘度头发护理组合物难于将这些试剂用于低粘度产品如生发剂、喷发胶、摩丝等中。
令人惊奇地发现,当与一种盐结合使用时,包含交联聚合调理剂的本发明头发护理组合物可成为低粘度产品。这些头发护理组合物具有阳离子交联聚合调理剂低粘度产品的调理作用和防损伤作用。
本发明的一个目的是提供用于涂敷于头发上无须使用后漂洗掉的头发护理组合物。
本发明的另一个目的是提供低粘度的所述组合物。
本发明的另一个目的是提供可作为生发剂、喷发胶或摩丝的组合物,其可易于在头发干燥之前或之后涂敷。
本发明的另一个目的是提供具有美学上有令人愉快的湿润与干爽感觉的头发护理组合物。
本发明的另一个目的是提供用上述组合物调理头发的方法。
根据下述对本发明的说明,现在或以后对本领域的技术人员显而易见的本发明的这些目的和其它目的及有益效果将非常明显。
本发明包含了基本成分及优选成分或其它选择性成分,或本发明由这些成分组成,或基本上由这些成分组成。
除非另有说明,本文中使用的所有百分数均以组合物总重量计。除非另有说明,所有的比值均为重量比值。除非另有说明,所有百分数、比值及成分含量均指这些成分的实际含量,不包括溶剂、填充剂或其它在商购产品中可能包含的成分。除非另有说明,所有的测量均在25℃或室温下进行。
所有本文引证的文献,包括专利、专利申请、论文、期刊、小册子及技术数据均完整引入本文以作参考。
                         发明概述
本发明涉及可提供增强的头发调理性能和防损伤性能的留置型(leave-on)头发护理组合物,其可配制成低粘度产品,易于在洗浴后施加。具体而言,本发明涉及留置型头发护理组合物,其包含:
(i)约0.1-10wt%的阳离子交联聚合调理剂,其包含单体单元
(A)m(B)n(C)p和一种交联剂,其中:
(A)是一种二烷基氨基烷基丙烯酸酯单体或其季铵或酸
加成盐;
(B)是一种二烷基氨基烷基甲基丙烯酸酯单体或其季铵或
酸加成盐;
(C)是一种可与(A)或(B)进行聚合的非离子单体;
m、n和p独立地为0或大于0,但m或n至少有一个
为1或大于1;
(ii)约0.1-10wt%的一种盐;和
(iii)约60-99.8wt%的一种极性溶剂;
其中,所述阳离子交联聚合调理剂与所述盐的重量比为约1∶25-约25∶1;
其中,组合物的粘度为约10-500cP(厘泊),使用Brookfield粘度计,Spindel#41,在25℃及10RPM下3分钟测得。
本发明也涉及调理人体头发的方法,包括将如上所述的安全和有效量的头发护理组合物涂敷于需要进行护理的人体头发上。
                     发明详述
本文中用于修饰“头发护理组合物”的术语“留置型”是指本发明的组合物涂敷在头发上并且留在头发上。这些留置型组合物与“漂洗掉”组合物是有区别的,后者在涂敷于头发上后,立即或在几分钟后,通过冲洗、漂洗、擦试等手段除去。
以下描述基本成分以及各种非限定性的优选和选择性成分。
阳离子交联聚合调理剂
本发明的组合物包含约0.1-10%,优选约0.2-5%,首选约0.5-3%的阳离子交联聚合物调理剂。该阳离子交联聚合物提供了在涂敷于头发上后改善的头发调理性能和防止损伤性能。
用于本发明的这类交联聚合物通常在下述文献中有述:U.S.专利5,100,660(1992.3.31授权于Hawe等);U.S.专利4,849,484(1989.7.18授权于Heard);U.S.专利4,835,206(1989.5.30授权于Farrar等);U.S.专利4,628,078(1986.12.9授权于Glover等);U.S.专利4,599,379(1986.7.8授权于Flesher等);EP228,868(Farrar等,1987.7.15公开);所有这些专利引入本文以作参考。
本发明的聚合物的特征在于通式:(A)m(B)n(C)p,其中(A)是一种二烷基氨基烷基丙烯酸酯单体或其季铵或酸加成盐;(B)是一种二烷基氨基烷基甲基丙烯酸酯单体或其季铵或酸加成盐;(C)是一种具有可与(A)或(B)进行聚合的碳-碳双键的、可与(A)或(B)进行聚合的非离子单体;m为0或大于0的整数,n为0或大于0的整数,和p为0或大于0的整数,其中m或n或者两者均为1或大于1。
(C)单体可选自任何常规采用的单体。这些单体的非限定性实例包括乙烯、丙烯、丁烯、异丁烯、二十碳烯、马来酸酐、丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酰胺、马来酸、丙烯醛、环己烯、乙基乙烯基醚和甲基乙烯基醚。在本发明的阳离子聚合物中,(C)优选是丙烯酰胺。(A)和(B)单体的烷基部分为短链长烷基如C1-C8,优选C1-C5,更优选C1-C3,最优选C1-C2。当聚合物季铵化时,聚合物优选用短链烷基即C1-C8,优选C1-C5,更优选C1-C3,最优选C1-C2进行季铵化。酸加成盐是指聚合物的(A)和(B)单体具有质子化的氨基。酸加成盐可通过使用卤素(如氯)、乙酸、磷酸、硝酸、柠檬酸或其它酸进行。
这些(A)m(B)n(C)p聚合物也包含一种交联剂,其通常是一种包含两个或多个不饱和官能团的物质。交联剂与聚合物的单体单元反应,并被引入聚合物中,在两个或多个单独聚合物链之间或在同一聚合物链的两个或多个片断间形成键合或共价键。适宜的交联剂的非限定性实例选自:亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、二丙烯酸酯、二甲基丙烯酸酯、二乙烯基芳基(如二乙烯基苯基环)化合物、多元醇的聚烯基聚醚、丙烯酸烯丙酯、乙烯氧基烷基丙烯酸酯和多官能亚乙烯基。用于本发明的交联剂的具体实例选自:亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、乙二醇、丙二醇、丁二醇、二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二(甲基)丙烯酰胺、氰基甲基丙烯酸酯、乙烯氧基乙基丙烯酸酯、乙烯氧基乙基甲基丙烯酯、烯丙基季戊四醇、三羟甲基丙烷二烯丙基醚、烯丙基蔗糖、丁二烯、异戊二烯、1,4-二乙烯基苯、二乙烯基萘、乙基乙烯基醚、甲基乙烯基醚和烯丙基丙烯酸酯。其它交联剂包括甲醛和乙二醛。本发明优选采用的交联剂为亚甲基双丙烯酰胺。
根据最后聚合物所需的性能如粘稠作用可采用各种用量的交联剂。通常,以聚合物总重量计,以重量/重量为基准,包含约1-10,000ppm的交联剂,优选约5-750ppm,更优选约25-500ppm,还优选约100-500ppm,最优选约250-500ppm。
可测量交联聚合物的特性粘度以表征聚合物。该特性粘度是区别于用于表征本发明的总体头发护理组合物的粘度测量值。交联聚合物的特性粘度可在25℃下在1M氯化钠溶液中进行测量,其数值通常大于6,优选约8-14。本发明所用交联聚合物的分子量(重均分子量)很大,据信通常为约1百万-3千万。具体的分子量并不是关键,重均分子量高一些或低一些均可使用。优选交联聚合物的特征是在25℃下,1.0%的聚合物去离子水溶液所具有的粘度至少为约20,000cP,优选至少约30,000cP,通过Brookfield RVT(BrookfieldEngineering Laboratories,Inc.Stoughton,MA,USA)在20RPM下测得。
这些阳离子聚合物可这样制备:在引发剂(通常是氧代还原或热引发剂)存在下,将包含约20-60wt%,优选约25-40wt%单体的水溶液进行聚合,直至聚合终止。为将交联剂掺入聚合物中,也可将交联剂加至将要聚合的单体溶液中。在聚合反应中,开始温度通常为约0-95℃。聚合过程可这样进行:形成单体(和任何加入的交联剂)的水相的反相分散体形成无水液体,所述无水液体例如矿物油、羊毛脂、异十二烷、油醇和其它挥发性与不挥发性酯、醚和醇等。
除非另有说明,在本说明书的该段中,所有描述聚合物的百分数均为摩尔百分数。当聚合物包含(C)单体时,以A、B和C的总摩尔量为基准,C的摩尔比值可为0-约99%。(A)和(B)的摩尔比值分别可为0-100%。当丙烯酰胺被用作(C)单体时,其用量优选为约20-90%,更优选约50-90%。
当单体A和B均存在时,在最终聚合物中单体A:单体B的摩尔比值优选约99∶5-约15∶85,更优选约80∶20-约20∶80。
此外,在另一类聚合物中,该比值为约5∶95-约50∶50,优选约5∶95-约25∶75。
在另一类聚合物中,比值A∶B为约50∶50约85∶15。优选该比值为约60∶40-约85∶15,最优选约75∶25-约85∶15。
本发明中,最优选单体A和单体C在本发明中不存在,特别优选用于本发明的阳离子聚合物符合下述通式(A)m(B)n(C)p,式中m为0,(B)为季铵化二甲氨基乙基甲基丙烯酸甲酯,p为0,交联剂为亚甲基双丙烯酰胺。这样一种均聚物的实例为polyquaternium37。该均聚物可以单独使用或在一种适宜的载体如矿物油或丙二醇二辛酸酯/二癸酸酯中使用。这种均聚物以矿物油的分散体商购,所述分散体中还含有作为分散助剂的PPG-1 trideceth-6,可购自Allied Colloids Ltd.,(Norfolk,VA),商标名Salcare SC95;或者以丙二醇二辛酸酯/二癸酸酯中的分散体商购,所述分散体中还含有作为分散助剂的PPG-1 trideceth-6,可购自Allied Colloids Ltd.,(Norfolk,VA),商标名SalcareSC96。
本发明的组合物包含约0.1-10%的盐,优选约0.2-5%,最优选约0.5-3wt%。尽管不受任何理论的限制,但据信,所述盐对于本发明极性溶剂中的聚合物具有减粘作用。
本发明的盐包含一种单体阳离子和阴离子混合物。本发明的盐包含为酸-碱反应产物类型的单体离子。所述盐可掺入头发护理组合物,例如通过加入水溶性盐,或者通过加入酸与碱的混合物,或者通过这两种方式组合使用。本发明的一个必要方面是盐的阴离子和阳离子均包含在组合物中。
所采用的适宜的阳离子包括,例如,碱金属如锂、钠和钾,碱土金属如镁、钙和锶,以及过渡金属如铝、铜、锌、铁等。优选的二价阳离子是镁。优选的一价金属离子是锂、钠和钾,特别是钠和钾。适宜向组合物中加入的方式包括,例如,加入一种碱如氢氧化物,氢氧化钠和氢氧化钾,和如溶于极性溶剂中的盐,如单体的盐,如下面所述。
其它适宜的阳离子包括有机离子,如季铵离子和阳离子胺,如铵、单、二和三乙醇胺、三乙胺、吗啉、氨甲基丙醇(AMP)、氨乙基丙二醇等。铵和胺优选以其盐的形式提供,如盐酸盐。
可使用的阴离子包括卤离子,如氯、氟、溴和碘,硫酸根、乙基硫酸根、甲基硫酸根、环己基氨基磺酸根、硫代硫酸根、甲苯磺酸根、二甲苯磺酸根、柠檬酸根、硝酸根、碳酸氢根、己二酸根、琥珀酸根、糖精酸根、苯甲酸根、乳酸根、硼酸根、羟乙基磺酸根、酒石酸根、乙酸根、乙二胺四乙酸根以及其它可在头发护理组合物中以游离形式存在的阴离子。阴离子可以至少部分溶于液体载体中的酸或盐的形式加入组合物中。优选的阴离子包括乙酸根、乙二胺四乙酸根、柠檬酸根、氯离子、磷酸根和硫酸根等。更优选是乙二胺四乙酸根。
本发明组合物的盐必须能溶于极性溶剂中以实现所需减粘作用。盐的溶解度大于约1%,优选大于约2%,最好大于约3%。所有的溶解度测量均在25℃下进行。
优选的本发明组合物的盐包括乙酸钠、乙酸钾、乙酸铵、柠檬酸钠、柠檬酸钾、柠檬酸铵、硝酸钠、硝酸钾、硝酸铵、磷酸钠、磷酸钾、磷酸铵、氯化钠、氯化钾、氯化铵、硫酸钠、硫酸钾、硫酸铵、乙二胺四乙酸钠、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、乙二胺四乙酸三钠和乙二胺四乙酸四钠和其混合物。最优选乙二胺四乙酸二钠。
交联聚合调理剂与盐的重量比
本发明的组合物必须包含交联聚合调理剂与盐的临界重量比值,该比值约为1∶25-25∶1,优选约1∶10-15∶1,更优选约1∶1-10∶1。
极性溶剂
本发明的留置型头发护理组合物也包含一种作为交联聚合调理剂的液体载体的极性溶剂。极性溶剂是25℃时的介电常数大于约5.0的任何溶剂物质,所述介电常数优选大于约7.5,最好大于约10.0。本发明的极性溶剂包含一种或多种极性溶剂,以组合物总重量计,在头发护理组合物中极性溶剂的含量为约60-99.8%,优选约80-98%,最优选约90-95%。
对本发明而言,最重要的极性溶剂选自水、C2-C3的一元链烷醇和其混合物。如果存在的话,C3链烷醇如异丙醇在组合物中的重量百分比应不大于约15%,优选不大于约12%,更优选不大于约10%。组合物中C3一元醇的含量太高是不希望的,这是因为其有可能产生异味。优选的极性溶剂相包含水、乙醇或其混合物。
当使用水和醇的混合物,如水-乙醇或水-异丙醇-乙醇时,以组合物总重量计,水的含量通常为约0.5-99%。在这种混合物中,以组合物总重量计,醇溶剂通常含量为约0.5-99%。
粘度
本发明的组合物在25℃时的粘度为约10-500cP,优选约50-200cP,更优选约100-200cP。粘度是使用Brookfield数字粘度计DV-II型,Spindel#41,在25℃及10RPM下3分钟测得。
                         选择性成分
本发明的头发组合物可配制成各种具有低粘度的产品类型,包括生发剂、喷发胶和摩丝。因而,本发明可包含各种选择性成分,包括用于头发护理产品领域,特别是喷发胶和生发剂组合物中公知的各种类型的成分。这些成分包括但不限于:不溶性硅氧烷流体、硅氧烷胶和树脂,挥发性硅氧烷溶剂,不增溶的颗粒、表面活性剂、分散助剂、定型树脂、推进剂等。
硅氧烷调理剂
本发明的组合物可选择性地包括不挥发、可溶或不可溶的硅氧烷调理剂或挥发性硅氧烷调理剂。所谓可溶是指硅氧烷调理剂可与组合物的水溶性载体混溶,从而形成相同相态部分。而所谓不可溶是指硅氧烷与水溶性载体形成分离的分散相,如硅氧烷液滴的乳液或悬浮液形式。本文中术语“不挥发”是指硅氧烷的沸点至少约为260℃,优选至少约为275℃,首选至少约为300℃。在环境条件下,这种物质的蒸气压非常低或几乎无蒸气压。而术语“挥发性”是指硅氧烷的沸点为约99-260℃。
硅氧烷调理剂在本发明的留置性头发护理组合物中的用量可约为0.5-10wt%,优选约0.1-6wt%,更优选约0.5-5wt%,最优选约0.5-3wt%。
可溶的硅氧烷包含硅氧烷共聚醇,如聚二甲基硅氧烷共聚醇,例如,聚醚硅氧烷改性的聚合物,如聚环氧丙烷、聚环氧乙烷改性的聚二甲基硅氧烷,其中环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷的量应足以使其能溶解于组合物中。
但是,优选是不溶性硅氧烷。用于本发明的不溶性硅氧烷调理剂优选其25℃时的粘度为约1,000-2,000,000厘沲,更优选约10,000-1,800,000,最优选约100,000-1,500,000。粘度可以用如Dow Corning Corporate试验法CTM0004(1970.7.20)的玻璃毛细管粘度计进行测量。
适宜的不溶性不挥发硅氧烷流体包括:聚烷基硅氧烷、聚芳基硅氧烷、聚烷芳基硅氧烷、聚醚硅氧烷共聚物,及其混合物。也可使用其它具有头发调理性能的不溶性不挥发硅氧烷流体。术语“硅氧烷流体”是指可流动的硅氧烷物质,其25℃下的粘度小于1,000,000厘沲。通常,25℃下流体的粘度为约5-1,000,000厘沲,优选约10-300,000厘沲。
本发明的硅氧烷流体也包括具有下述结构式的聚烷基或聚芳基硅氧烷:
Figure C9719297200121
其中,R为烷基或芳基,x为约7-8,000的整数。“A”代表阻断硅氧烷链末端的基团。
在硅氧烷链(R)上或在硅氧烷链(A)的末端处取代的烷基或芳基可具有任何结构,只要形成的硅氧烷在室温下仍然为流体,具有疏水性,当其涂敷至头发上时无刺激、无毒、无害,并且与组合物的其它成分相容,在常规使用和贮藏条件下化学稳定,以及能够沉积于头发上并调理头发。
适宜的A基团包括甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基和芳氧基。在硅原子上的两个R基团可表示相同的基团或不同的基团。优选两个R基团表示相同的基团。适宜的R基团包括甲基、乙基、丙基、苯基、甲苯基和苯甲基。优选的硅氧烷为聚二甲基硅氧烷、聚二乙基硅氧烷和聚甲基苯基硅氧烷。特别优选聚二甲基硅氧烷。
可使用的聚烷基芳基硅氧烷流体包括,例如,聚二甲基硅氧烷。这些硅氧烷可从General Electric Company得到,为Viscasil R和SF96系列,或从Dow Corning得到,为Dow Corning 200系列。
可使用的不挥发性聚烷基硅氧烷流体也包括,例如,聚甲基苯基硅氧烷。这些硅氧烷可从如General Electric Company得到,为SF1075甲基苯基流体,或从Dow Corning得到,为556化妆品级Fluid。
特别优选用于增强头发光泽特性的是高丙烯化硅氧烷,如高苯基化聚乙基硅氧烷,其具有的折射率为约1.46或更大,特别是约1.52或更大。当使用这些高折射率硅氧烷时,它们应当与一种如下所述的展布剂混合,如一种表面活性剂或一种硅氧烷树脂,以降低表面张力并增强材料的成膜性。
可使用的聚醚硅氧烷共聚物包括,例如,聚环氧丙烷改性的聚二甲基硅氧烷(如Dow Corning DC-1248),虽然环氧乙烷或者环氧乙烷与环氧丙烷的混合物也可使用。环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷的用量应足够低以防止其在组合物中溶解。
公开了适宜硅氧烷流体的参考文献包括:U.S.专利2,826,551(Geen);U.S.专利3,964,500(1976.6.22授权于Drakoff);U.S.专利4,364,837(Pader);GB849,433(Woolston)。所有这些专利引入本文以作参考。
另一类特别适用于硅氧烷调理剂的硅氧烷头发调理物质是不溶性硅氧烷胶。本文中术语“硅氧烷胶”是指25℃下粘度大于或等于1,000,000厘沲的聚有机硅氧烷。Petrarch等对硅氧烷胶进行了描述,包括:U.S.专利4,152,416(1979.5.1授权于Spitzer等);和Noll,Walter,Chemistry andTechnology of Silicones,New York:Academic Press 1968。“硅氧烷胶”的质量分子量通常大于约200,000,一般约为200,000-1,000,000。具体实例为聚二甲基硅氧烷、(聚二甲基硅氧烷)(甲基乙烯基硅氧烷)共聚物、聚(二甲基硅氧烷)(二苯基硅氧烷)(甲基乙烯基硅氧烷)共聚物和其混合物。
优选硅氧烷头发调理剂包含一种粘度大于约1,000,000厘沲的聚二甲基硅氧烷胶与粘度约10-100,000厘沲的聚二甲基硅氧烷流体的混合物。胶与流体的比值为约30∶70-70∶30,优选约40∶60-60∶40。可单独使用聚二甲基硅氧烷胶/聚二甲基硅氧烷流体,或者在与适宜的载体如聚山梨酸酯80(polysorbate 80)的预混物中使用。
硅氧烷调理剂中还可包含一种选择性成分即硅氧烷树脂。硅氧烷树脂是高度交联的聚合硅氧烷体系。在硅氧烷树脂生产过程中,使三官能和四官能硅烷掺入单官能或二官能或单官能和二官能硅烷中而引发交联。正如本领域公知的那样,为形成硅氧烷树脂所需的交联度可根据掺入硅氧烷树脂中的具体硅烷单元变化。通常,可考虑采用具有足够多三官能和四官能硅氧烷单体单元(因而交联充分)以至它们干燥能成为刚性或硬的膜的硅氧烷物质作为硅氧烷树脂。氧原子与硅原子的比值表明在特定硅氧烷物质中的交联水平。每个硅原子具有至少约1.1氧原子的硅氧烷物质通常将是本发明的硅氧烷树脂。优选氧原子与硅原子之比至少为约1.2∶1.0。用于生产硅氧烷树脂的硅烷包括一甲基、二甲基、三甲基、一苯基、二苯基、甲基苯基、一乙烯基和甲基乙烯基氯代硅烷,和四氯硅烷,最常采用的是甲基取代的硅烷。优选的树脂为General Electric提供的GE SS4230和SS4267。商购的硅氧烷树脂通常为溶解形式的低粘度挥发性或不挥发硅氧烷流体。用于本发明的硅氧烷树脂应以溶解形式加入和掺入本发明的组合物中,这是本领域技术人员公知的。
另一种选择性硅氧烷调理剂为挥发性硅氧烷溶剂。如果存在的话,挥发性硅氧烷溶剂的含量为组合物重量的约0.01-10wt%,优选0.05-5wt%。这种挥发性硅氧烷使得组合物中更易于和更均匀地分散硅氧烷胶和树脂。这种硅氧烷可为环状或直链聚二甲基硅氧烷。在环状硅氧烷中的硅原子数约为3-7,优选4或5。环状硅氧烷的通式为:
其中,n=3-7。用于本发明的直链聚二甲基硅氧烷通常包含约3-9个硅原子并具有下列通式:
      (CH3)3Si-O-[Si(CH3)2O]m-Si(CH3)3
其中m=1-7。
上述类型的挥发性硅氧烷溶剂非常容易得到,如从Dow Corning以344,345和200Fluids得到;从Union Carbide以Silicone 7202和7158得到;从Stauffer Chemical以SWS-03314得到。本发明优选的挥发性硅氧烷溶剂为从General Electric Silicones商购的环聚二甲基硅氧烷。如果存在的话,其用量约为0.05-5.0%。
有关硅氧烷的背景材料,包括硅氧烷流体、硅氧烷胶和硅氧烷树脂以及硅氧烷生产的内容可参见“Encyclopedia of Polymer Science andEngineering,Volume 15,第二版,pp 204-308,John Wiley & Sons.Inc.,1989”,该文献引入本文作参考。
头发定型树脂
本发明的头发护理组合物的另一种选择性成分为头发定型树脂。可以使用可溶于或分散于本发明极性溶剂相中的任何固定头发的聚合物。这一类适宜的聚合物包括阴离子、非离子、两性和阳离子聚合物物质。具体的聚合物包括:聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(PVP)、PVP与甲基丙烯酸甲酯的共聚物、PVP与乙酸乙烯酯(VA)的共聚物、聚乙烯醇(PVA)、PVA与巴豆酸的共聚物、PVA与马来酸酐的共聚物、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基瓜尔胶、聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、PVP/甲基丙烯酸乙酯/甲基丙烯酸三元共聚物、乙酸乙烯酯/巴豆酸/新癸酸乙烯酯共聚物、辛基丙烯酰胺/丙烯酸酯共聚物、聚(甲基乙烯基醚-马来酸)的单乙基酯和辛基丙烯酰胺/丙烯酸酯/甲基丙烯酸丁氨基乙基酯共聚物、丙烯酸/丙烯酸叔丁酯共聚物、甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙基酯/甲基丙烯酸异丁酯/甲基丙烯酸2-乙基己基酯三元共聚物、丙烯酸叔丁酯/丙烯酸共聚物,和硅氧烷接枝的三元共聚物,例如,丙烯酸叔丁酯/丙烯酸/PDMS和其混合物。优选PVP和PVP与其它单体的共聚物。最优选的用于本发明头发护理组合物的树脂为聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮与乙酸乙烯酯的共聚物(PVP/VA)。
可选择性加入本发明组合物中的其它头发定型聚合物包括含硅氧烷的头发定型树脂。这种含硅氧烷的聚合物的特征是,聚硅氧烷部分共价键合至聚合碳基主链上并成为其侧基。主链优选为通过聚合烯键式不饱和单体得到的碳链,但也可是纤维素链或其它碳水化合物衍生的聚合链,聚硅氧烷部分为侧基。主链也可包括醚基、酯基、酰胺基、尿烷基等。聚硅氧烷部分取代于聚合物上,或者聚硅氧烷可通过使含聚硅氧烷的可聚合单体(如烯键式不饱单体、醚和/或环氧化物)与不含聚硅氧烷的可聚合单体共聚得到。
优选的含硅氧烷的聚合物包含有机主链,其优选为从烯键式不饱和单体得到的碳主链,如乙烯基聚合主链,和接枝于主链上的聚硅氧烷大分子单体(特别优选聚二烷基硅氧烷,最优选聚二甲基硅氧烷)。
含硅氧烷的聚合物公开于下述文献中:EPO申请号90307528.1,公开号为EPO 0 408 311 A2(Hayama等,1991.1.11申请);U.S.专利5,061,481(1991.10.29授权于Suzuki等);U.S.专利5,106,609(1992.4.21授权于Bolich等);U.S.专利5,100,658(1992.3.31授权于Bolich等);U.S.专利5,100,657(1992.3.31授权于Ansher-Jackson等);U.S.专利5,104,646(1992.4.14授权于Bolich等);U.S.专利流水号07/758,319(Bolich等,1991.8.27申请);U.S.专利流水号07/758,320(Torgerson等,1991.8.27申请),所有这些文献均引入本文作参考。
当使用头发定型树脂时,其用量以组合物计为约0.25-20%,优选约0.5-10%。
其它成分
本发明的组合物可包含各种适用于使该组合物在化妆品或美观上更可接受的添加成分,或者使组合物具有附加使用效果的添加成分。CTFACosmetic Ingredient Handbook,第二版,1992(该文献引入本文作参考)给出了各种常规用于头发护理工业中的非限定性化妆品配料成分。这些添加配料成分的实例包括:其它调理剂;洗涤用表面活性剂,如阴离子、非离子、两性和两性离子表面活性剂;悬浮剂,如黄原胶、瓜尔胶、羟乙基纤维素、甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、淀粉和淀粉衍生物;防腐剂,如苄醇、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯和咪唑烷基脲;pH调节剂;着色剂,如FD&C或D&C染料中的任何一种;头发氧化(漂白)剂,如过氧化氢、过硼酸盐和过硫酸盐;头发还原剂,如巯基乙酸盐;香料;聚合物增塑剂,如甘油、己二酸二异丁酯、硬脂酸丁酯和丙二醇;维生素和其衍生物,如泛醇(panthenol)以及其它泛酸、泛醚的衍生物;维生素渗透助剂,如具有3-约12个乙二醇或丙二醇单元的聚乙二醇或聚丙二醇;喷发胶改性剂,如具有约2000-25,000乙二醇单元的聚乙二醇。以组合物计,这些选择性成分的用量通常为约0.01-10.0%,优选约0.05-5.0%。
                        使用方法
本发明的头发护理组合物可按照常规方法使用,以提供本发明的调理和防损害作用。这些使用方法取决于所采用的组合物类型,但一般方法包括将安全和有效量的产品涂敷于头发上并使其停留在头发上。所谓“有效量”是指用量应足以能提供头发调理作用。通常,将约1-50g涂敷于头发上。通过用手、用梳子或刷子对头发进行摩擦或按摩而将组合物均匀分布于头发上。优选在头发干燥之前,将组合物涂敷于潮湿或湿润的头发上。在将组合物涂敷于头发上后,按照使用者的愿望及用使用者常规采用的方式将头发干燥并定型。另一种方法是将组合物涂敷于干发上,然后按照使用者的愿望梳理或定型头发。
                           实施例
下述实施例说明本发明。应该理解,头发护理组合物领域的技术人员均可在不背离本发明的精神和保护范围的情况下对本发明进行其它的改进。
除非另有说明,本发明中所有的份数、百分数和比值均指重量。某些成分是从供应商处以稀溶液购得。除非另有说明,用量反映了活性物质的重量百分比。
                           生发剂
以下给出的是本发明代表性生发组合物。
下述生发剂是使用常规混合技术,将下述配料成分混合而制得的。
                         实施例号
成分(wt%)         1        2       3       4
SalcareSC96(1)    0.00       10.00     1.00      0.00
SalcareSC95(2)    0.50       0.00      0.00      2.00
硅氧烷乳液(3)       0.00       1.00      2.00      0.50
香料                0.10       0.10      0.10      0.10
EDTA二钠            0.15       1.50      0.15      0.15
乙醇                0.00       98.05     70.00     0.00
水                  99.25      0.00      26.75     97.25
1. polyquaternium 37(和)丙二醇二辛酸酯/二癸酸酯(和)PPG-1 trideceth-6,可从Allied Colloids Ltd.,(Norfolk,VA,USA)商购。
2. polyquaternium 37(和)矿物油(和)PPG-1 trideceth-6,可从AlliedColloids Ltd.,(Norfolk,VA,USA)商购。
3.来自GE Silicones的聚二甲基硅氧烷胶/聚二甲基硅氧烷流体(40∶60)与高达30%的聚山梨酸酯80的预混物。
所述组合物是按照常规方法,将上述成分混合而制得的。
这些组合物在25℃时的粘度为10-500cP。
这些组合物提供了有用的留置型头发护理产品,其提供了调理和防损害作用。
                         非气溶胶型喷发胶
本发明的非气溶胶型喷发胶按照下述制备:
                        实施例号
成分wt%            5         6        7        8        9
SalcareSC96(1)    1.00      0.00     0.70     2.00     1.00
SalcareSC95(2)    0.00      1.00     0.00     0.00     0.00
硅氧烷乳液(3)       0.00      1.00     1.00     2.00     0.60
PVP/VA共聚物(4)     0.00      1.00     0.00     2.00     1.00
聚乙二醇4           0.50      0.50     0.00     0.50     0.45
聚乙二醇5000        0.005     0.01     0.00     0.10     0.01
EDTA二钠            1.00      0.15     0.15     0.75     0.15
防腐剂              0.35      0.35     0.35     0.35     0.35
香料             1.00      1.00      1.00      1.00     0.05
乙醇             0.00      70.00     0.00      0.00     0.00
泛醇             0.05      0.02      0.00      0.02     0.05
Crotein Q(5)     0.00      0.00      0.02      0.00     0.01
泛基-乙基-醚     0.02      0.25      0.00      0.25     0.01
OMC(6)           0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00     0.01
丝氨基酸(7)      0.00      0.02      0.00      0.00     0.01
水               97.00     24.99     96.80     91.90    96.30
1. polyquaterium 37(和)丙二醇二辛酸酯/二癸酸酯(和)PPG-1 trideceth-6,可从Allied Colloids Ltd.,(Norfolk,VA,USA)商购。
2. polyquaternium 37(和)矿物油(和)PPG-1 trideceth-6,可从AlliedColloids Ltd.,(Norfolk,VA,USA)商购。
3.来自GE Silicones的聚二甲基硅氧烷胶/聚二甲基硅氧烷流体(40∶60)与高达30%聚山梨酸酯80的预混物。
4. PVP/VA(70/30),可从ISP商购。
5.水解动物蛋白,从Croda,Inc.商购。
6.辛基甲氧基肉桂酸酯,从Givaudan-Roure,Inc.商购。
7. Crosilk液体,从Croda,Inc.商购。
这些产品是这样制备的:将SalcareSC96(1)溶解于水和/或乙醇中,混合几分钟,直至所有的预混物溶解。然后加入其余的成分。最后加入香料。所有的成分均在混合条件下加入。将产品包装在常规非气溶胶泵式喷射容器和压缩空气泵式喷射气溶胶容器中。
这些组合物在25℃时的粘度为10-500cP。
这些组合物提供了有用的留置型头发护理产品,其提供了调理和防损害作用。
                     实施例号
成分wt%               10         11         12
SalcareSC96(1)       0.70       0.5        0.05
乙醇                   79.00      79.00      86.40
硅氧烷乳液(2)                 0.50      0.00      1.00
己二酸二异丁酯                0.70      0.00      0.00
氢氧化钾溶液(45wt%水溶液)    1.00      1.00      1.00
Gantrez ES225(3)            8.00      8.00      8.00
EDTA二钠                      0.15      0.15      0.15
香料                          0.20      0.20      0.20
水                            9.75      11.15     3.20
1. polyquaternium 37(和)丙二醇二辛酸酯/二癸酸酯(和)PPG-1 trideceth-6,可从Allied Colloids Ltd.,(Norfolk,VA,USA)商购。
2.聚二甲基硅氧烷胶/聚二甲基硅氧烷流体(40∶60)与高达30%聚山梨酸酯80的混合物。
3.有机树脂,聚(甲基乙烯基醚/马来酸)单乙酯,50%乙醇溶液,可从ISP商购。
该产品是这样制备的:将SalcareSC96溶解于乙醇中,混合几分钟,直至Salcare溶解。如果需要的话,加入己二酸二异丁酯。再加入氢氧化钾。再加入水和其余的成分。最后加入香料。所有成分均在混合条件下加入。将产品包装在常规的非气溶胶泵式喷射容器中和压缩空气泵式喷射气溶胶容器中。
这些组合物在25℃时的粘度为10-500cP。
这些组合物提供了有用的留置型头发护理产品,其提供了调理和防损害作用。
                             摩丝
下述为一种代表本发明的发用摩丝组合物。
预混物                              实施例号
成分(wt%)                   13         14
Salcare SC96(1)              0.54       2.15
硅氧烷乳液(2)                3.22       0.00
乙醇                         16.13      16.13
Gaffix VC713(3)              4.30       5.38
椰子氧化胺                   0.65       0.65
椰子二乙醇酰胺            0.32             0.32
聚乙二醇4                 0.48             0.38
羟泛酸                    0.05             0.16
香料                      0.11             0.11
水                        74.20            74.73
总预混物                  100.00           100.00
摩丝
预混物                    93.00            93.00
异丁烷推进剂              7.00             7.00
                          100.00           100.00
1. polyquaternium 37(和)丙二醇二辛酸酯/二癸酸酯(和)PPG-1 trideceth-6,可从Allied Colloids Ltd.,(Norfolk,VA,USA)商购。
2.聚二甲基硅氧烷胶/聚二甲基硅氧烷流体(40∶60)与高达30%聚山梨酸酯80的混合物。
3.乙烯基己内酰胺/PVP/甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯的共聚物,有机树脂,可从ISP商购。
在室温下,将除异丁烷之外的所有的成分进行掺混直至完全混合而制成组合物。然后用93份的该组合物填充入铝气溶胶罐中,用阀固定,而阀则轧在其位置上,最后用7份异丁烷充压。
这些组合物在25℃时的粘度为10-500cP。
这些组合物提供了有用的留置型头发护理产品,其提供了调理和防损害作用。
                   实施例-气溶胶型喷发胶
本发明的气溶胶型喷发胶组合物按照下述制备:
预混物                                 实施例号
成分(wt%)                             15
Salcare SC96(1)                        1.27
硅氧烷乳液(2)                          2.53
水                             3.80
聚乙二醇4                      0.48
羟泛酸                         0.15
乙醇                           80.18
Gantrez ES225(3)               10.13
EDTA二钠                       0.19
KOH(45%溶液)                  1.27
喷发胶预混物                   100.00
喷发胶预混物                   79.00
异丁烷推进剂                   15.00
二氟乙烷推进剂                 6.00
                               100.00
1. polyquaternium 37(和)丙二醇二辛酸酯/二癸酸酯(和)PPG-1 trideceth-6,可从Allied Colloids Ltd.,(Norfolk,VA,USA)商购。
2.聚二甲基硅氧烷胶/聚二甲基硅氧烷流体与聚山梨酸酯80的混合物。
3.聚(甲基乙烯基醚/马来酸)单乙酯,50%固含物的乙醇溶液,有机树脂,可从ISP商购。
所有的预混物成分在室温下混合,直至聚合物溶解。将混合物置于气溶胶罐中,然后向该罐配备常规气溶胶喷射罐阀,阀真空轧于其适当位置上。然后,通过阀加入推进剂,罐备有常规气溶胶喷射罐活化剂。
这些组合物在25℃时的粘度为10-500cP。这些组合物提供了有用的留置型头发护理产品,其提供了调理和防损害作用。

Claims (23)

1、一种留置型头发护理组合物,其特征在于,该组合物包含:
(i)0.1-10wt%的阳离子交联聚合调理剂,其包含单体单元
(A)m(B)n(C)p和一种交联剂,其中:
(A)是一种二烷基氨基烷基丙烯酸酯单体或其季铵或酸
加成盐;
(B)是一种二烷基氨基烷基甲基丙烯酸酯单体或其季铵或
酸加成盐;
(C)是一种可与(A)或(B)进行聚合的非离子单体;
m、n和p独立地为0或大于0,但m或n至少有一个为
1或大于1;
(ii)0.1-10wt%的一种盐;和
(iii)60-99.9wt%的一种极性溶剂;
其中,所述阳离子交联聚合调理剂与所述盐的重量比为1∶25-25∶1;和
其中,组合物的粘度为10-500cP,使用Brookfield粘度计,Spindel#41,在25℃及10RPM下3分钟测得。
2、根据权利要求1的留置型头发护理组合物,其中(i)所述阳离子交联聚合调理剂为0.2-5wt%。
3、根据权利要求1的留置型头发护理组合物,其中(i)所述阳离子交联聚合调理剂为0.5-3wt%。
4、根据权利要求1的留置型头发护理组合物,其中(ii)所述的盐为0.2-5wt%。
5、根据权利要求1的留置型头发护理组合物,其中(ii)所述的盐为0.5-3wt%。
6、根据权利要求1的留置型头发护理组合物,其中(iii)所述的极性溶剂为80-98wt%。
7、根据权利要求1的留置型头发护理组合物,其中(iii)所述的极性溶剂为90-95wt%。
8、根据权利要求1的留置型头发护理组合物,其中所述阳离子交联聚合调理剂与所述盐的重量比为1∶10-15∶1。
9、根据权利要求1的留置型头发护理组合物,其中所述阳离子交联聚合调理剂与所述盐的重量比为1∶1-10∶1。
10、根据权利要求1的留置型头发护理组合物,其中所述组合物的粘度为50-200cP。
11、根据权利要求1的留置型头发护理组合物,其中所述组合物的粘度为100-200cP。
12、根据权利要求1的留置型头发护理组合物,其中(i)所述单体单元(A)m(B)n(C)p中的n大于或等于0,m和p等于0。
13、根据权利要求1的留置型头发护理组合物,其中所述的交联剂选自:亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、乙二醇、丙二醇、丁二醇、二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二(甲基)丙烯酰胺、氰基甲基丙烯酸酯、乙烯氧基乙基丙烯酸酯、乙烯氧基乙基甲基丙烯酯、烯丙基季戊四醇、三羟甲基丙烷二烯丙基醚、烯丙基蔗糖、丁二烯、异戊二烯、1,4-二乙烯基苯、二乙烯基萘、乙基乙烯基醚、甲基乙烯基醚和烯丙基丙烯酸酯、甲醛、乙二醛和其混合物。
14、根据权利要求13的留置型头发护理组合物,其中所述的交联剂为亚甲基双丙烯酰胺。
15、根据权利要求1至14中任一项的留置型头发护理组合物,其中所述的(B)单体单元为季铵化二甲氨基乙基甲基丙烯酸甲酯单体。
16、根据权利要求1至15中任一项的留置型头发护理组合物,其中所述的交联聚合调理剂为polyquaternium37。
17、根据权利要求1至16中任一项的留置型头发护理组合物,其中所述的盐包含:
(i)一种单体阳离子,其选自:锂、钠、钾、镁、钙、锶、铝、铜、锌、铁;一乙醇铵、二乙醇铵、三乙醇铵、一乙基铵、二乙基铵、三乙基铵、吗啉阳离子、氨甲基丙醇阳离子、氨乙基丙二醇阳离子和其混合物;和
(ii)一种阴离子,其选自:氯、氟、溴、碘;硫酸根、乙基硫酸根、甲基硫酸根、环己基氨基磺酸根、硫代硫酸根、甲苯磺酸根、二甲苯磺酸根、柠檬酸根、硝酸根、碳酸氢根、己二酸根、琥珀酸根、糖精酸根、苯甲酸根、乳酸根、硼酸根、羟乙基磺酸根、酒石酸根、乙酸根、乙二胺四乙酸根和其混合物;
其中,所述的盐25℃时在极性溶剂中的溶解度大于1%。
18、根据权利要求1至17中任一项的留置型头发护理组合物,其中所述的盐选自:乙酸钠、乙酸钾、乙酸铵、柠檬酸钠、柠檬酸钾、柠檬酸铵、硝酸钠、硝酸钾、硝酸铵、磷酸钠、磷酸钾、磷酸铵、氯化钠、氯化钾、氯化铵、硫酸钠、硫酸钾、硫酸铵、乙二胺四乙酸钠、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、乙二胺四乙酸三钠和乙二胺四乙酸四钠和其混合物。
19、根据权利要求18的留置型头发护理组合物,其中所述的盐为乙二胺四乙酸二钠。
20、根据权利要求1至19中任一项的留置型头发护理组合物,其中所述的极性溶剂选自水、C2-C3一元链烷醇和其混合物。
21、根据权利要求1至20中任一项的留置型头发护理组合物,还包含0.1-20%的头发护理剂,其选自硅氧烷调理剂和头发定型树脂。
22、根据权利要求21的留置型头发护理组合物,其中所述头发护理剂选自:1)粘度大于1,000,000厘沲的聚二甲基硅氧烷胶、粘度10-100,000厘沲的聚二甲基硅氧烷流体,其中胶与流体的比值为30∶70-70∶30;2)a)聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮和b)乙酸乙烯酯的共聚物;和3)其混合物。
23、一种调理人体头发的方法,包括向需要进行调理的人体头发上涂敷安全和有效量的权利要求1-22中任一项的头发护理组合物。
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CA2242410C (en) 2001-07-24
CN1213293A (zh) 1999-04-07
WO1997025964A1 (en) 1997-07-24
US5674478A (en) 1997-10-07
KR19990077265A (ko) 1999-10-25
DE69715597T2 (de) 2003-05-15
KR100287807B1 (ko) 2001-05-02

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