CN108987940B - High-gain high-precision positioning antenna applied to base station and array thereof - Google Patents

High-gain high-precision positioning antenna applied to base station and array thereof Download PDF

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CN108987940B
CN108987940B CN201810772495.8A CN201810772495A CN108987940B CN 108987940 B CN108987940 B CN 108987940B CN 201810772495 A CN201810772495 A CN 201810772495A CN 108987940 B CN108987940 B CN 108987940B
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antenna
radiation
gain
base station
electromagnetic waves
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CN108987940A (en
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刘彦明
李谦
高赫
窦超
韩高
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Xidian University
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Xidian University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/104—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using a substantially flat reflector for deflecting the radiated beam, e.g. periscopic antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays

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Abstract

The invention discloses a high-gain high-precision positioning antenna applied to a base station and an array thereof, wherein the high-gain high-precision positioning antenna consists of an antenna radiation unit consisting of a radiation oscillator, a feed part and a transmission line, a dielectric substrate, a DGS structure reflecting plate consisting of a DGS structure with-90 degrees of reflection phase characteristics and a coaxial feed line; the antenna radiation unit receives excitation and transmits electromagnetic waves or receives electromagnetic waves and converts the electromagnetic waves into electric signals; the DGS structure reflecting plate reflects the energy emitted by the antenna radiation unit, increases the gain and improves the radiation characteristic; a coaxial feed line transmitting energy to the antenna radiation unit; the antenna array of the high-gain high-precision positioning antenna applied to the base station at least comprises an antenna group consisting of 2 antennas, all the antennas are closely arranged and positioned in the same plane, and the spacing between the antennas is more than or equal to 0; the antenna and the antenna array thereof have the advantages of stable radiation performance, and good impedance bandwidth characteristics and working frequency band directivity.

Description

High-gain high-precision positioning antenna applied to base station and array thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication, and relates to a high-gain high-precision positioning antenna array applied to a base station.
Background
Through the rapid development of the past 30 years, wireless communication systems have been implanted in aspects of our lives. As a data transmission center in the system, a wireless communication base station refers to a mobile communication switching center and a signal transmitting/receiving station that exchange data with a mobile terminal by transmitting/receiving radio waves in a certain area. As the most important radio frequency component in the base station, the communication antenna is mainly responsible for converting digital signals transmitted from the front end of the communication device into space electromagnetic waves, and vice versa. With the rapid development of 2G/3G/4G/5G wireless communication systems, the base station antenna also needs to adapt to the rapid development of the wireless communication systems, and especially in the 5G era in the future, the base station antenna needs to support not only 5G ultra-high-speed data transmission but also the original 2G/3G/4G frequency band. In current networks, base station antennas are mostly bulky, leaving little room for 5G antennas. Miniaturization of the antenna is pressing. Meanwhile, in order to detect the source point of the positioning signal with high precision in the coverage effective area of the base station, the antenna system of the base station must have compact structure, wide frequency band and good directivity in multiple frequency bands.
At present, a Dual-polarized base station antenna covering a frequency division band (1800-1900MHz) in the prior art is proposed (Rui Wu and Qing-Xin Chu, "a Wideband Dual-polarized antenna for LTE Applications") covering an LTE frequency band, which is composed of four dipoles and a reflector plate, wherein two opposite dipoles feed in phase with equal amplitude to form one polarization, and the other two dipoles feed similarly to form the other polarization. A Dual-Polarized Base Station Antenna (Yejun He and Wei Tian, "A Broadband Dual-Polarized Base Station Antenna for European Digital), which can only cover CDMA and GSM frequency bands, has the same principle as the above. The antenna volume in the dual-polarized base station antenna covering the LTE frequency band is 180 multiplied by 90mm3The antenna volume of the dual-polarized base station antenna which can only cover CDMA and GSM frequency bands is 166.5 multiplied by 68mm3The antenna has larger volume and is not beneficial to positioning the antenna array of the base station by the mobile terminal.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a high-gain high-precision positioning antenna applied to a base station and an array thereof, solves the problems that the base station antenna in the prior art has large volume, does not have a reserved space and is not beneficial to positioning the base station antenna array by a mobile terminal, and simultaneously meets the requirements of compact structure, wide frequency band, good directivity in multiple frequency bands, high gain and high precision of a base station antenna system.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the high-gain high-precision positioning antenna applied to the base station consists of an antenna radiation unit, a DGS structure reflecting plate and a coaxial feeder line;
the antenna radiation unit is used for receiving excitation and transmitting electromagnetic waves outwards or receiving the electromagnetic waves and converting the electromagnetic waves into electric signals;
the DGS structure reflecting plate is used for reflecting energy emitted by the antenna radiation unit, increasing the gain of the antenna and improving the radiation characteristic of the antenna;
the coaxial feed line is used for transmitting energy to the antenna radiation unit.
The antenna radiation unit consists of a radiation oscillator, a feed part and a transmission line;
the DGS structure reflecting plate consists of a medium substrate and a DGS structure with-90-degree reflection phase characteristics;
the feeding component is used for transmitting the energy of the coaxial feed line to the transmission line;
the transmission line is used for transmitting the energy on the feed component to the radiation oscillator;
the radiation oscillator is used for converting the received electric energy into electromagnetic waves, emitting the electromagnetic waves outwards or receiving the electromagnetic waves and converting the electromagnetic waves into the electric energy;
the DGS structure with the-90-degree reflection phase characteristic is used as a ground plane of an antenna radiation unit and is used for increasing the antenna gain and improving the effect of an antenna system;
the dielectric substrate is used for supporting the antenna radiation unit on the upper surface and the DGS structure with the reflection phase characteristics of-90 degrees to 90 degrees on the lower surface.
One end of the coaxial feeder is provided with an external conductor, and the other end of the coaxial feeder is provided with a coaxial probe; the coaxial feeder penetrates through the whole dielectric substrate, an external conductor of the coaxial feeder is connected with the DGS structure, a coaxial probe of the coaxial feeder is connected with the feed component through a circular opening in the dielectric substrate, and the feed component is connected with the radiation oscillator through a transmission line.
The working frequencies of the antenna radiation unit and the DGS structure with-90-degree reflection phase characteristics are 1.7-2.7 GHz.
The dielectric substrate has a relative dielectric constant s of 4.4 and a thickness H of 1 mm.
The mutual included angle of the radiation oscillators is 90 degrees, and the number of the radiation oscillators is 4.
The feed part is a feed sheet.
The DGS structure with the reflection phase characteristics of-90 degrees is composed of a central reflection area and an edge reflection area, and the edge reflection area is provided with a gap for enhancing the radiation performance of the antenna.
And the gaps of the edge reflection regions for enhancing the radiation performance of the antenna are respectively positioned right below the radiation direction of the radiation oscillator.
The antenna array of the high-gain high-precision positioning antenna applied to the base station at least comprises one antenna group, wherein 1 antenna group consists of 2 antennas, all the antennas are closely arranged and positioned in the same plane, and the antenna interval is more than or equal to 0.
The invention has the advantages that the high-gain high-precision positioning antenna applied to the base station uses the DGS structure as the reflecting plate of the antenna, the DGS structure reflecting plate uses the dielectric substrate with the relative dielectric constant s of 4.4 and the thickness H of 1mm, the printed antenna radiation unit working at 1.7-2.7GHZ and the DGS with the corresponding working frequency are integrally designed, the antenna gain is increased, the effect of the reflecting plate is improved, and the longitudinal volume of the antenna is reduced; in the working frequency band of the antenna, the DGS structure has a-90-degree reflection phase, so that the DGS structure obtains larger relative bandwidth, the radiation oscillators of the antenna are set to be different in size, the gain of the antenna is improved, and the size of the antenna structure is reduced; and the antenna is closely arranged to obtain the subminiature antenna array with stable radiation performance, good impedance bandwidth characteristic, good directivity in working frequency band, high gain and high precision.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1a is a schematic diagram of a top view of an integrally designed antenna-radiating element;
FIG. 1b is a schematic view of a bottom view of the integrated design antenna-DGS structure;
fig. 2a is a schematic diagram of a top view of an integrally designed antenna and the structural size of a radiating element;
FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of the structural size of the DGS structure of the bottom view of the integrated design antenna;
FIG. 3a is a graph of antenna S parameter-antenna return loss simulation effect;
FIG. 3b is a graph of antenna S parameter-antenna radiation gain simulation effect;
fig. 4 is a side view of a dual antenna array structure with angular differences of 0 °, 45, 90 °, 135 °, respectively;
fig. 5 is a diagram of simulation effect of S parameters with angular differences of 0 °, 45 °, 90 °, and 135 ° for a dual antenna array structure;
fig. 6 is a simulation effect diagram of the directions with phase differences of 0 °, 45 °, 90 °, and 135 ° in the dual antenna array structure;
FIG. 7 is a side view of a four antenna array structure;
FIG. 8 is a diagram of simulation effect of S-parameters of a four-antenna array structure;
fig. 9 is a diagram of simulation effect of directions of a four-antenna array structure.
In the figure, 1 is an antenna radiation unit, 2 is a DGS structure reflection plate, 3 is a coaxial feeder line, 1-1 is a radiation oscillator, 1-2 is a feed component, 1-3 is a transmission line, 2-1 is a dielectric substrate, 2-2 is a DGS structure, 2-3 is a central reflection area, 2-4 is an edge reflection area, and 2-5 is a gap.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A high-gain high-precision positioning antenna applied to a base station consists of an antenna radiation unit 1, a DGS structure reflecting plate 2 and a coaxial feeder 3, wherein the printed antenna radiation unit 1 working at 1.7-2.7GHz and the DGS structure 2-2 with corresponding working frequency are integrally designed; as shown in fig. 1a and 1b, the antenna radiation unit 1 is composed of 4 groups of radiation oscillators 1-1, a feed component 1-2 and a transmission line 1-3, and in order to widen the impedance bandwidth of the antenna and improve the antenna gain, the 4 groups of radiation oscillators 1-1 are different in size; the DGS structure reflecting plate 2 adopts a dielectric substrate 2-1 with the relative dielectric constant s of 4.4 and the thickness H of 1 mm; 4 groups of radiation vibrators 1-1 are printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 2-1, and the included angle between the radiation vibrators is 90 degrees; as shown in fig. 1b, the DGS structure 2-2 is printed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 2-1, has a-90 ° reflection phase characteristic, and is used as a ground plane of the antenna radiation unit 1 to reduce the profile height of the antenna of the positioning base station and enhance the antenna performance; the DGS structure 2-2 is composed of a central reflection area 2-3 and an edge reflection area 2-4, 4 gaps 2-5 which form an angle of 90 degrees with each other in the edge reflection area 2-4 are respectively positioned right below the radiation direction of 4 groups of radiation oscillators 1-1 of the antenna radiation unit 1, and the radiation performance of the antenna is enhanced; the coaxial feed line 3 penetrates through the whole dielectric substrate 2-1, an outer conductor at one end of the coaxial feed line 3 is connected with the reflecting surface DGS structure 2-2, and a coaxial probe at the other end penetrates through the DGS structure 2-2 through a circular opening on the dielectric substrate 2-1 to be connected with a feed part 1-2 (feed sheet) of the antenna radiation unit 1.
The antenna radiation unit 1 is used for receiving excitation and transmitting electromagnetic waves outwards or receiving the electromagnetic waves and converting the electromagnetic waves into electric signals;
the DGS structure reflecting plate 2 is used for reflecting the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna radiation unit 1, increasing the antenna gain and improving the antenna radiation characteristic;
the coaxial feed line 3 is used for transmitting energy to the antenna radiation unit 1.
The feeding part 1-2 is used for transmitting the energy of the coaxial feeding line 3 to the transmission line 1-3;
the transmission line 1-3 is used for transmitting the energy on the feed part 1-2 to the radiation oscillator 1-1;
the radiation oscillator 1-1 is used for converting the received electric energy into electromagnetic waves, and transmitting the electromagnetic waves outwards or receiving the electromagnetic waves and converting the electromagnetic waves into electric signals;
the DGS structure 2-2 with the reflection phase characteristics of-90 degrees is used as a ground plane of the antenna radiation unit 1 and used for increasing the antenna gain and improving the effect of the reflector plate.
As shown in fig. 2a and 2b, each antenna of the present invention has been optimized individually to operate at a frequency of 1.7-2.7GHz, which is approximately one-quarter wavelength of the operating frequency; the specific antenna structure geometry parameters are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 antenna geometry (units/cm)
Symbol Size of Symbol Size of Symbol Size of Symbol Size of Symbol Size of
L1 6 LA1 2 LB1 7.8 LC1 27 LD1 3.5
L2 3.6 LA2 7 LB2 8.5 LC2 8 LD2 9.5
L3 1.1 LA3 3 LB3 20 LC3 6 LD3 25
L4 8 LA4 8.2 LB4 11 LC4 6.5 LD4 13
L5 4 LA5 29.2 LB5 6.5 LC5 2 LD5 4
L6 5 LA6 17.5 LB6 2 LC6 7.5 LD6 5
L7 14 LA7 12 LB7 5.1 LC7 14 LD7 2.3
L8 8.2 LA8 8.2 LB8 3 LC8 12 LD8 9.5
L9 7 LA9 11 LB9 17 LC9 14 LD9 8
L10 8.2 LA10 12.5 LB10 5
L11 6 LA11 4 LB11 9
L12 31 LB12 9.5
L13 17
L14 17.5
L15 6
L16 11
L17 4.6
The antenna of the invention is modeled and simulated by commercial simulation software (CST), the simulation result is shown in figure 3a and figure 3b, the S parameter of the antenna is simulated and calculated in the frequency range of 1-3GHz, the return loss of the antenna is less than-10 dB in the working frequency, the radiation gain of the antenna is more than 2dBi, and the antenna basically meets the mobile communication industry standard.
In order to verify the practicability of the antenna of the present invention, the antenna spacing is 0, the antenna is fed in equal amplitude and in phase by taking a double antenna array as an example, as shown in fig. 4, in order to test the working condition of the antenna under various conditions, when the angle difference between the double antennas is 0 °, 45 °, 90 °, 135 °, respectively, the simulation result of S parameter is shown in fig. 5, wherein S11 and S22 respectively represent the return loss of two antenna ports, | S21 | and | S12 | both represent the isolation between the two antenna ports, and | S21 | S12 |; as shown in fig. 5, the return loss S11 and S22 of the dual antenna array of the present invention at both antenna ports is less than-10 dB, and has an operating band of 1.2-2.7GHz, and the in-band isolation | S21 | is greater than 20 dB; these show that the antenna of the present invention has good impedance bandwidth characteristics, and because of the DGS reflection technique, there is good isolation between the two antenna ports; the adaptability of the antenna is greatly improved, the antenna can be closely arranged without influencing the performance of the antenna, and the geometric dimensions of the antenna array and the base station are greatly reduced; the antenna system can obtain the required gain through different arrangement modes and methods for increasing and decreasing the number of the antennas.
The far-field radiation pattern of the antenna is simulated and calculated at the 2GHz position, and the radiation pattern of the antenna on the H surface is shown in figure 6; the radiation pattern of the double antenna array meets the unidirectional requirement of the base station antenna, because 4 radiation oscillators 1-1 of the antenna are different, in order to further verify the effect of the antenna in the array, when the phase difference of the double antenna is respectively 0 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 145 degrees, the width of the main lobe of the antenna is 56 degrees to 68 degrees, and the maximum gain of the antenna is greater than 4.67 dB; the antenna directional patterns are basically consistent, which shows that the radiation performance of the base station positioning antenna is stable.
The simulation test results show that the antenna has the advantages of small volume, wide frequency band, high isolation, stable radiation performance and the like, and the requirements of the positioning antenna of the small base station are well met.
To further verify the antenna of the present invention, further testing was performed using a 4-antenna array based on the above simulation results. As shown in fig. 7, 4 antennas are placed in the same plane, the antenna spacing is 0mm, and the phase angle of the adjacent antennas is 0; compared with other array antennas, the antenna array of the invention can be maximally reduced in size, can be placed inside various base station structures without considering phase and spacing, is tightly arranged in a flat space without increasing mutual coupling between the antennas, and can effectively improve the gain of the antennas.
Fig. 8 is a simulation result of S parameters of a 4-antenna array structure, and it can be known from fig. 8 that reflection parameters S11, S22, S33, and S44 of 4 antenna ports are all less than-10 dB in the whole operating frequency band of 1.7-2.7GHz, and mutual coupling coefficients S12, S13, S14, S23, S24, and S34 of 4 antenna ports are less than-20 dB, which meet the operating requirements of the base station antenna. Far field patterns of 4-antenna arrays as shown in fig. 9, the gain of the antenna system at 2GHz frequency is larger than 8dBi, which satisfies the requirement of small base station positioning antenna for high precision positioning.
By the analysis, the independently optimized antenna can ensure that the return loss of the port is less than-10 dB in the frequency band of 1.7-2.7GHz, and the gain of the single antenna radiation unit 1 is greater than 2 dBi. In order to test the performance of the array formed by the antennas, the mutual interval of 2 antennas is set to be 0mm, the single element phases are respectively set to be 0 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 145 degrees, and simulation results show that the return loss of two antenna ports is more than 10dB, the two antenna ports have a working frequency band of 1.2-2.7GHz, and the separation degree in the frequency band is more than 20 dB; these show that the proposed antenna has good impedance bandwidth characteristics. Meanwhile, the maximum gain of the antenna is larger than 4.67 dB; the antenna patterns are basically consistent, which shows that the radiation performance of the base station positioning antenna is stable. Finally, four antennas are used to form a positioning reference antenna system, and simulation results show that the system can work in the whole working frequency band of 1.7-2.7GHz and provide antenna gain of 8dBi, and has good directivity. The base station positioning antenna has the advantages of simple design structure, good performance and easy combination, realizes the integrated design of antenna and feeder, and can well meet the requirements of a small base station positioning system.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The high-gain high-precision positioning antenna applied to the base station is characterized by consisting of an antenna radiation unit (1), a DGS structure reflecting plate (2) and a coaxial feeder (3);
the antenna radiation unit (1) is used for receiving excitation and transmitting electromagnetic waves outwards or receiving the electromagnetic waves and converting the electromagnetic waves into electric signals;
the DGS structure reflecting plate (2) is used for reflecting energy emitted by the antenna radiation unit (1), increasing the antenna gain and improving the antenna radiation characteristic;
the coaxial feed line (3) is used for transmitting energy to the antenna radiation unit (1);
the antenna radiation unit (1) consists of a radiation oscillator (1-1), a feed component (1-2) and a transmission line (1-3);
the DGS structure reflecting plate (2) consists of a medium substrate (2-1) and a DGS structure (2-2) with-90-degree reflection phase characteristics;
the feeding component (1-2) is used for transmitting the energy of the coaxial feeding line (3) to the transmission line (1-3);
the transmission line (1-3) is used for transmitting the energy on the feeding component (1-2) to the radiating vibrator (1-1);
the radiation oscillator (1-1) is used for converting the received electric energy into electromagnetic waves, emitting the electromagnetic waves outwards or receiving the electromagnetic waves and converting the electromagnetic waves into the electric energy;
the DGS structure (2-2) with the reflection phase characteristics of-90 degrees to 90 degrees is used as a ground plane of the antenna radiation unit (1) and is used for increasing the antenna gain and improving the effect of an antenna system;
the dielectric substrate (2-1) is used for supporting the antenna radiation unit (1) on the upper surface of the printing and a DGS structure (2-2) with-90-degree reflection phase characteristics on the lower surface;
the number of the radiation vibrators (1-1) is 4, and the radiation vibrators are printed on the upper surface of the medium substrate (2-1) at an included angle of 90 degrees;
the dielectric substrate (2-1) has a relative dielectric constant s of 4.4 and a thickness H of 1 mm;
one end of the coaxial feeder (3) is provided with an external conductor, and the other end of the coaxial feeder is provided with a coaxial probe; the coaxial feed line (3) penetrates through the whole dielectric substrate (2-1), an outer conductor of the coaxial feed line (3) is connected with the DGS structure (2-2), a coaxial probe of the coaxial feed line (3) is connected with the feed component (1-2) through a circular opening in the dielectric substrate (2-1), and the feed component (1-2) is connected with the radiation oscillator (1-1) through the transmission line (1-3).
2. The high-gain high-precision positioning antenna applied to the base station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the working frequencies of the antenna radiation unit (1) and the DGS structure (2-2) with the reflection phase characteristics of-90 ° are both 1.7-2.7 GHz.
3. High-gain high-precision positioning antenna applied to a base station according to claim 1, characterized in that the feeding means (1-2) is a feeding sheet.
4. High-gain high-precision positioning antenna applied to a base station according to claim 1, characterized in that the DGS structure (2-2) with-90 ° reflection phase characteristics is composed of a central reflection region (2-3) and edge reflection regions (2-4), and the edge reflection regions (2-4) are provided with gaps (2-5) for enhancing the radiation performance of the antenna.
5. High-gain high-precision positioning antenna applied to base stations according to claim 4, characterized in that the gaps (2-5) of the edge reflection areas (2-4) for enhancing the radiation performance of the antenna are respectively located right below the radiation direction of the radiation elements (1-1).
6. The antenna array of high-gain high-precision positioning antenna applied to base station as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising at least one antenna group, wherein 1 antenna group comprises 2 antennas, all antennas are closely arranged and located in the same plane, and the antenna spacing is greater than or equal to 0.
CN201810772495.8A 2018-07-13 2018-07-13 High-gain high-precision positioning antenna applied to base station and array thereof Active CN108987940B (en)

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