CN108682960B - Multi-frequency array antenna and communication system - Google Patents
Multi-frequency array antenna and communication system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108682960B CN108682960B CN201710210255.4A CN201710210255A CN108682960B CN 108682960 B CN108682960 B CN 108682960B CN 201710210255 A CN201710210255 A CN 201710210255A CN 108682960 B CN108682960 B CN 108682960B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/08—Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
A multi-frequency array antenna is provided, which comprises a reflecting plate, a first microstrip antenna and a second microstrip antenna, wherein the first microstrip antenna is smaller than the frequency of the working frequency band of the second microstrip antenna, the first microstrip antenna comprises a first type of radiation units which are M multiplied by N and arranged in an M multiplied by N matrix, the second microstrip antenna comprises a first radiation unit set and a second radiation unit set, the first radiation unit set comprises a second type of radiation units which are M multiplied by N, each second type of radiation unit in the first radiation unit set is overlapped with one first type of radiation unit, the second radiation unit set comprises a second type of radiation units which are (M-1) multiplied by (N-1), each second-type radiation unit in the second radiation unit set is positioned in the center of a square formed by surrounding every four adjacent first-type radiation units in the first-type radiation units which are arranged in an M multiplied by N matrix. The method and the device achieve the purpose of reducing the size of the multi-frequency array antenna and maintaining the good performance of the multi-frequency array antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a multi-frequency array antenna and a communications system.
Background
The array antenna is an antenna formed by arranging a plurality of radiating elements according to a certain rule. The multi-frequency array antenna is an antenna set which is formed by a plurality of array antennas supporting different working frequency bands. Since the conventional multi-frequency array antenna is composed of a plurality of array antennas, the multi-frequency array antenna has a large size, but if the multi-frequency array antenna is reduced, the performance of the multi-frequency array antenna is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a multi-frequency array antenna, which can reduce the size of the multi-frequency array antenna while maintaining the good performance of the multi-frequency array antenna.
The application also provides a communication system.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a multi-frequency array antenna, comprising:
a reflector plate, a first microstrip antenna disposed above the reflector plate, and a second microstrip antenna disposed above the reflector plate,
the frequency of the working frequency band of the first microstrip antenna is less than that of the working frequency band of the second microstrip antenna;
the first microstrip antenna comprises a plurality of first-type radiating elements with the number of M multiplied by N, the plurality of first-type radiating elements are arranged in an M multiplied by N matrix, wherein M, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2;
the second microstrip antenna comprises a first radiating element set and a second radiating element set, wherein the first radiating element set comprises a second type of radiating elements with the number of M multiplied by N, each second type of radiating element in the first radiating element set is overlapped with one first type of radiating element in the plurality of first type of radiating elements, the second radiating element set comprises a second type of radiating elements with the number of (M-1) x (N-1), and each second type of radiating element in the second radiating element set is positioned in the center of a square formed by the enclosure of every four adjacent first type of radiating elements in the plurality of first type of radiating elements.
Because each second-type radiation unit in the first radiation unit set is overlapped with one first-type radiation unit in the multiple first-type radiation units, and each second-type radiation unit in the second radiation unit set is located in the center of a square surrounded by every four adjacent first-type radiation units in the multiple first-type radiation units, the area of the area occupied by the first-type radiation unit and the second-type radiation unit on the reflecting plate is smaller than the area occupied by the radiation units on the reflecting plate in the conventional multi-frequency array antenna, and further the size of the reflecting plate in the application can be reduced, so that the size of the multi-frequency array antenna is reduced. In addition, the frequency of the working frequency band of the first microstrip antenna is smaller than the frequency of the working frequency band of the second microstrip antenna, the wavelength of the first microstrip antenna is larger than that of the second microstrip antenna, and then the proper distance between the radiation units of the first microstrip antenna is larger than that between the radiation units of the second microstrip antenna. In the present application, the ratio of the distance between the radiating elements of the first microstrip antenna to the distance between the radiating elements of the second microstrip antenna is
The first type of radiation unit and the second type of radiation unit are arranged according to the rule, so that the first microstrip antenna and the second microstrip antenna can obtain better performance.
In a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a frequency of an operating frequency band of the second microstrip antenna is less than or equal to a frequency of an operating frequency band of the first microstrip antenna
And (4) doubling.
Assuming that the wavelength of the operating band of the first microstrip antenna is λ 1 (frequency is f1), and the wavelength of the operating band of the second microstrip antenna is λ 2 (frequency is f2), the distance between the radiating elements of the second microstrip antenna is 0.5 λ -0.9 λ according to the suitable distance between the radiating elements, if the distance between the radiating elements of the first microstrip antenna is 0.9 λ 1, the distance between the radiating elements of the second microstrip antenna is
At this time, when the distance between the radiation units of the second microstrip antenna satisfies the suitable distance, the relationship between the wavelength λ 1 of the working frequency band of the first microstrip antenna and the wavelength λ 2 of the working frequency band of the second microstrip antenna is as follows
If the distance between the radiation elements of the first microstrip antenna is 0.5 lambda 1, the distance between the radiation elements of the second microstrip antenna is
At this time, when the distance between the radiation units of the second microstrip antenna satisfies the suitable distance, the relationship between the wavelength λ 1 of the working frequency band of the first microstrip antenna and the wavelength λ 2 of the working frequency band of the second microstrip antenna is as follows
Namely, it is
To sum up, when the distances between the radiation units of the first and second microstrip antennas both satisfy the appropriate distance, the relationship between the wavelength λ 1 of the working frequency band of the first microstrip antenna and the wavelength λ 2 of the working frequency band of the second microstrip antenna is λ 2
Therefore, the frequency of the working frequency band of the first microstrip antenna is f1, and the frequency of the working frequency band of the second microstrip antenna is f2
Therefore, the frequency of the working frequency band of the second microstrip antenna is less than or equal to the frequency of the working frequency band of the first microstrip antenna
When the distance is doubled, the distance between the radiation units of the first microstrip antenna and the distance between the radiation units of the second microstrip antenna can reach a proper distance, so that the first microstrip antenna and the second microstrip antenna can obtain better performance.
With reference to the first aspect, or with reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an operating frequency band of the first microstrip antenna is a 2.4GHz frequency band, an operating frequency band of the second microstrip antenna is a 5GHz frequency band, a distance between each second-type radiation unit in the first radiation unit set and a nearest second radiation unit in the second radiation unit set is 44-46.3 millimeters, and a distance between the first-type radiation units is a distance between each second-type radiation unit in the first radiation unit set and a nearest second radiation unit in the second radiation unit set
And (4) doubling.
Wherein, the frequency of the 5GHz frequency band is 5.17GHz to 5.835 GHz. Suitable distances between radiating elements corresponding to 5.17GHz are about 29 millimeters (mm) to 52.2mm, paired with 5.835GHzA suitable distance should be about 25.7mm to 46.3 mm. Accordingly, the distance between the radiating elements of the second microstrip antenna is about 29mm to 46.3 mm. The distance between the radiating elements of the first microstrip antenna is required to be equal to
Multiple, i.e., 41mm to 65.5 mm.
The frequency of the 2.4GHz band is 2.412GHz to 2.472 GHz. A suitable distance between the radiating elements corresponding to 2.412GHz is about 62.2mm to 111.9mm, and a suitable distance corresponding to 2.472GHz is about 60.7mm to 109.2 mm. Accordingly, the distance between the radiating elements of the first microstrip antenna is about 62.2mm to 109.2 mm. The distance between the radiating elements of the second microstrip antenna is required to be equal to
Double, i.e. 44mm to 77.2 mm.
Taking the above overlapping range, that is, the distance between the radiation elements of the first and second microstrip antennas satisfies both the respective suitable distances and the fixed distance proportional relationship (the distance between the radiation elements of the first microstrip antenna is the distance between the radiation elements of the second microstrip antenna)
Multiple times), the distance between the radiating elements of the second microstrip antenna is 44mm to 46.3 mm. Namely, the distance between each second type radiation element in the first radiation element set and the nearest second radiation element in the second radiation element set is 44mm to 46.3 mm. Therefore, the distance between the first type of radiation unit and the second type of radiation unit can meet the appropriate distance of the upper limit frequency and the lower limit frequency corresponding to the respective working frequency bands, and the respective appropriate distance after the first type of radiation unit and the second type of radiation unit are nested has a fixed distance proportional relation. Therefore, the first and second microstrip antennas can obtain better performance.
With reference to the first aspect, or with reference to the first or second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a size of the first radiation element is larger than a size of the second radiation element, the second radiation element in the first radiation element set is overlapped above the corresponding first radiation element, and a projection of the second radiation element in the first radiation element set on the corresponding first radiation element is completely within the corresponding first radiation element.
Each second-type radiation unit in the first radiation unit set is positioned above the overlapped first-type radiation unit, and the projection of the second-type radiation unit in the first radiation unit set on the corresponding first-type radiation unit is completely within the corresponding first-type radiation unit. I.e. the projection of the second type of radiation element of said first set of radiation elements onto the first type of radiation element it overlaps is entirely within the inner area of the first type of radiation element it overlaps. Since the inner area of the radiation unit has almost no radiation energy, there is almost no interference between the second type of radiation unit and the first type of radiation unit in the first radiation unit set, and the performance of each type of radiation unit is maintained.
With reference to the first aspect or any one of the first to third possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the multi-frequency array antenna further includes M × N connection pieces, and a feed port of each second type radiation element in the first radiation element set is connected to the transceiver device through one connection piece, where the connection piece penetrates through an inner area of the corresponding first type radiation element and the reflection plate. Since the inner area of the radiation elements has almost no radiation energy, there is almost no interference between the signals of the second type of radiation elements in the first set of radiation elements and the first type of radiation elements.
With reference to the fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the connecting element is a coaxial line, each coaxial line passes through an inner area of the corresponding first radiation unit and the reflection plate, one end of each coaxial line is connected to a feed port of the corresponding second radiation unit in the first radiation unit set, and the other end of each coaxial line is connected to the transceiver.
With reference to the fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the connecting component is a circuit board, the feed port is located at the periphery of the second-type radiating element, one end of a first wire on each circuit board is connected to the feed port of the corresponding second-type radiating element in the first radiating element set, and the other end of the first wire is connected to the transceiver device, where each first wire passes through the corresponding first-type radiating element from an inner area of the corresponding first-type radiating element.
The feed port is located at the periphery of the second type radiating element, and the first conducting wire is used for connecting the feed port to the transceiver device. Wherein the first wire passes through the corresponding first-type radiating element from the inner region of the corresponding first-type radiating element. Since the inner area of the radiation elements has almost no radiation energy, there is almost no interference between the signals of the second type of radiation elements in the first set of radiation elements and the first type of radiation elements.
With reference to the sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first wire includes a first segment and a second segment, the first segment is parallel to the corresponding first-type radiating element, the second segment is perpendicular to the corresponding first-type radiating element, one end of the first segment is connected to a feed port of the corresponding second-type radiating element in the first radiating element set, the other end of the first segment is connected to one end of the second segment, the other end of the second segment is connected to the transceiver, and the second segment passes through the corresponding first-type radiating element from an inner region of the corresponding first-type radiating element.
With reference to the sixth or seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in an eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, each second type radiating element in the first radiating element set further includes another feeding port, the another feeding port is located at a periphery of the corresponding second type radiating element and is separated from the feeding port, a signal of the feeding port is orthogonal to a signal of the another feeding port, one end of a second wire on the circuit board is connected to the corresponding another feeding port, and the other end of the second wire is connected to the transceiver device, where the second wire passes through the corresponding first type radiating element from inside the corresponding first radiating element.
Since the other feeding port is located at the periphery of the second type radiating element, the other feeding port is connected to the transceiver device by the second wire. Wherein the second wire passes through the corresponding first-type radiating element from the inside of the corresponding first-type radiating element. Since the inner area of the radiation elements has almost no radiation energy, there is almost no interference between the signals of the second type of radiation elements in the first set of radiation elements and the first type of radiation elements.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a communication system, including a base station and the multi-frequency array antenna provided in any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect, where the base station transmits and receives signals using the multi-frequency array antenna.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a conventional multi-frequency antenna radiation unit.
Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a multi-frequency array antenna according to a first embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a multi-frequency array antenna according to a first embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a multi-frequency array antenna according to a second embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a communication system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The array antenna is an antenna formed by arranging a plurality of radiating elements according to a certain rule. The multi-frequency array antenna is an antenna set which is formed by a plurality of array antennas supporting different working frequency bands. The size of the multi-frequency array antenna is generally determined by the size of the reflector, which in turn is determined by the size of the area occupied by all the radiating elements on the reflector in the multi-frequency array antenna. As shown in fig. 1, the structure of a conventional multi-frequency array antenna is schematically illustrated, and the multi-frequency array antenna includes an air substrate (the air substrate is a dielectric substrate formed by an air layer, and has a dielectric constant of 1), a reflector 101, a microstrip antenna 102 with an operating frequency band of 2.4 gigahertz (gigahertz), and a microstrip antenna 103 with an operating frequency band of 5 GHz. The two microstrip antennas respectively comprise 4 respective radiating elements and a respective feed network, a plurality of radiating elements on the reflecting plate 101 can be supported above the reflecting plate 101 through an insulating support, and an air substrate is arranged between the plurality of radiating elements and the reflecting plate 101. The 4 radiating elements of microstrip antenna 102 and the 4 radiating elements of microstrip antenna 103 are separately arranged on reflector 101. As can be seen from fig. 1, the 4 radiation elements of the microstrip antenna 102 and the 4 radiation elements of the microstrip antenna 103 occupy a larger area on the reflection plate 101, which results in a larger size of the reflection plate 101, and thus a larger size of the multi-frequency array antenna. The microstrip antenna (in english: microstrip antenna) is formed by attaching a radiating unit to one side of a dielectric substrate and arranging a reflecting plate on the other side of the dielectric substrate. The reflector plate is a ground plane (english). The dielectric substrate opens the circuit between the radiation unit and the reflection plate. An open circuit between the radiation unit and the reflection plate generates electromagnetic waves. The radiation element is a basic structural element of a microstrip antenna, which can effectively radiate or receive electromagnetic waves. The working frequency range is the frequency range of the microstrip antenna. The feed network is a circuit network formed by antenna feed lines (English feed lines) of a plurality of radiating elements.
Referring to fig. 2, a multi-band array antenna 100 is provided according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The multi-frequency array antenna 100 is applied to a communication system. The multi-frequency array antenna comprises a reflector plate 30, a first microstrip antenna and a second microstrip antenna, wherein the first microstrip antenna and the second microstrip antenna are arranged above the reflector plate 100, and the frequency of the working frequency band of the first microstrip antenna is smaller than that of the working frequency band of the second microstrip antenna. The first microstrip antenna comprises a plurality of first-type radiating elements 111, the number of the first-type radiating elements 111 is M × N, the plurality of first-type radiating elements 111 are arranged in an M × N matrix, and M, N is an integer of the first-type radiating elements 111 greater than or equal to 2. The second microstrip antenna includes a first set of radiating elements and a second set of radiating elements. The first radiation element set comprises a number of M × N second radiation elements 211, each second radiation element 211 in the first radiation element set overlaps with one first radiation element 111 in the plurality of first radiation elements, the second radiation element set comprises a number of (M-1) × (N-1) second radiation elements 211, and each second radiation element 211 in the second radiation element set is located in the center of a square 70 surrounded by every four adjacent first radiation elements 111 in the plurality of first radiation elements.
Because each second-type radiation unit in the first radiation unit set is overlapped with one first-type radiation unit in the plurality of first-type radiation units, and each second-type radiation unit in the second radiation unit set is located in the center of a square 70 formed by surrounding every four adjacent first-type radiation units in the first-type radiation units arranged in an mxn matrix, the area of the area occupied by the first-type and second-type radiation units on the reflecting plate is smaller than the area occupied by the radiation units on the reflecting plate in the conventional multi-frequency array antenna, and further, the size of the reflecting plate in the present application can be reduced, so that the size of the multi-frequency antenna is reduced.
The ratio of the distance between the radiation units of the first microstrip antenna and the distance between the radiation units of the second microstrip antenna arranged as above is
The wavelength of the working frequency band of the microstrip antenna is positively correlated with the distance between adjacent radiating elements.The frequency of the working frequency band of the microstrip antenna is the reciprocal of the wavelength of the working frequency band. The distance between the radiation units is the distance between the centers of the adjacent radiation units. The proper distance between the radiating elements is such that a microstrip antenna having radiating elements arranged at the proper distance may have better performance. In this embodiment, the frequency of the operating frequency band of the first microstrip antenna is smaller than the frequency of the operating frequency band of the second microstrip antenna. The wavelength of the working frequency band of the first microstrip antenna is greater than the wavelength of the working frequency band of the second microstrip antenna, and the suitable distance between the first type radiating elements 111 of the first microstrip antenna is generally greater than the suitable distance between the second type radiating elements 211 of the second microstrip antenna. Therefore, the second type of radiation unit 211 can be embedded in the first type of radiation unit 111, so that both the first type of radiation unit 111 and the second type of radiation unit 211 can reach a proper distance in their respective working frequency bands. Generally, a suitable distance between the radiating elements of a microstrip antenna is 0.75 λ to 0.9 λ. λ is the wavelength of the operating frequency band of the microstrip antenna. The proper distance between the radiating elements can be properly reduced to 0.5 lambda, which has little effect on the microstrip antenna. For example, the wavelength of the operating band of the first microstrip antenna is λ 1 (frequency f1), and the wavelength of the operating band of the second microstrip antenna is λ 2 (frequency f 2). If the distance between the radiation elements of the first microstrip antenna is 0.9 lambda 1, the distance between the radiation elements of the second microstrip antenna is
Therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,
if the distance between the radiation elements of the first microstrip antenna is 0.5 lambda 1, the distance between the radiation elements of the second microstrip antenna is
Therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,
can obtain
In summary,
thus, it is possible to provide
For example, the multi-frequency array antenna is a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) antenna. The working frequency band of the first microstrip antenna is a 2.4 gigahertz (GHz) frequency band, and the working frequency band of the second microstrip antenna is a 5GHz frequency band. The frequency of the 5GHz band is 5.17GHz to 5.835 GHz. A suitable distance corresponding to 5.17GHz is about 29 millimeters (mm) to 52.2mm, and a suitable distance corresponding to 5.835GHz is about 25.7mm to 46.3 mm. Accordingly, the distance between the radiating elements of the second microstrip antenna is about 29mm to 46.3 mm. The distance between the radiating elements of the first microstrip antenna is required to be equal to
Multiple, i.e., about 41mm to 65.5 mm. The frequency of the 2.4GHz band is 2.412GHz to 2.472 GHz. A suitable distance corresponding to 2.412GHz is about 62.2mm to 111.9mm, and a suitable distance corresponding to 2.472GHz is about 60.7mm to 109.2 mm. Accordingly, the distance between the radiating elements of the first microstrip antenna is about 62.2mm to 109.2 mm. The distance between the radiating elements of the second microstrip antenna is required to be equal to
Double, i.e. about 44mm to 77.2 mm. Taking the above overlapping range, the distance between the radiation elements of the second microstrip antenna is about 44mm to 46.3mm, and the distance between the radiation elements of the corresponding first microstrip antenna is about 62.2mm to 65.5 mm. The above parameters are only an example and other possible distance values can be derived according to the principles described above. For example, if only some channels in the entire WLAN band are optimized, the distances between the radiating elements that are optimal for these channels can be obtained according to the principles described above. Designed in such a way thatThe distance between the radiating elements of (c) may be outside the distance ranges given above, but will generally not deviate too much.
Therefore, in this embodiment, the second type of radiation element 211 in the first radiation element set is overlapped with the corresponding first type of radiation element 111, and the second type of radiation element 211 in the second radiation element set is embedded in the center of the square 70 surrounded by every four adjacent first type of radiation elements 111 in the first type of radiation elements arranged in an M × N matrix. In this way, the first type radiation unit 111 and the second type radiation unit 211 can both satisfy the respective suitable distances. Both the first microstrip antenna and the second microstrip antenna can obtain higher performance, that is, the multi-band array antenna 100 can obtain higher performance. In summary, the multi-frequency array antenna 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application reduces the size thereof while maintaining the good performance thereof.
For convenience of distinction, the first-type radiation elements 111 in the first microstrip antenna are set to be circular, but the second-type radiation elements 211 in the second microstrip antenna are set to be square in the respective drawings of the present embodiment. In other embodiments, the first microstrip antenna and the second microstrip antenna may also select microstrip antennas in other operating frequency bands according to the actual selection.
Further, the size of the first type radiation element 111 is larger than that of the second type radiation element 211, the second type radiation element 211 in the first radiation element set is overlapped above the corresponding first type radiation element 111, and a projection of the second type radiation element 211 in the first radiation element set on the corresponding first type radiation element 111 is completely within the corresponding first type radiation element 111. I.e. the projection of the second type of radiation element 211 in said first set of radiation elements onto the corresponding first type of radiation element 111 is entirely within the inner area of the corresponding first type of radiation element 111. The inner area of the radiation unit has almost no radiation energy, there is almost no interference between the second type radiation unit 211 and the corresponding first type radiation unit 111 in the first radiation unit set, and the performance of the first type radiation unit 111 and the second type radiation unit 211 is maintained.
Due to the larger radiation energy of the periphery of the first type radiation unit 111, the inner region of the first type radiation unit 111 except the periphery has almost no radiation energy, and therefore, the second type radiation unit 211 has almost no influence or little influence on the signal radiation of the first type radiation unit 111.
Referring to fig. 3, the multi-frequency array antenna 100 further includes M × N connectors 40, and the feed port 2111 of each second type radiation element 211 in the first radiation element set is connected to the transceiver device through one connector 40. The connecting member 40 penetrates through the inner region of the corresponding first-type radiation unit 111 and the reflective plate. The connection member 40 is insulated from the inner region of the corresponding first-type radiation unit 111 and the reflection plate 30. Wherein the feeding ports 2111 are located at the periphery of the corresponding second type radiation unit 211.
Since the manner and principle of connecting each second type of radiating element 211 in the first set of radiating elements to the transceiver device through one connector 40 are the same, the description will be given by using one second type of radiating element 211 in the first set of radiating elements to connect to the transceiver device through one connector 40.
The connector 40 is a coaxial line, the coaxial line 40 passes through the inner region of the first-type radiating element 111 and the reflection plate 30, one end of the coaxial line is connected to the feed port 2111 of the second-type radiating element 211, and the other end of the coaxial line is connected to the transceiver. And the line network formed by the conductive wires in the coaxial line is a feed network.
In this embodiment, the second type of radiation element 211 further includes another feeding port. The other feeding port is located at the periphery of the second type radiating element 211 and is separated from the feeding port 2111. The number of coaxial lines corresponding to one second type of radiating element 211 is two. A first through hole is formed in an inner region of the first-type radiation unit 111, and a second through hole is formed in a position of the reflection plate 30 corresponding to the first through hole. Specifically, one end of each coaxial line is connected to the corresponding feed port, and the other end of each coaxial line passes through the first through hole in the inner area of the first-type radiating element 111 and the second through hole of the reflection plate 30 to be connected to the transceiver device. Wherein the signal of the feeding port 211 is orthogonal to the signal of the other feeding port.
Further, the coaxial line passes through the center of the inner region of the first type radiation unit 111 and the reflection plate 30. The radiation energy of the first type radiation unit 111 gradually decreases from the inner area thereof near the periphery to the center thereof. Therefore, the coaxial line passes through the center of the inner area of the first radiation element 111, and there is little interference between the signals of the feed port and the other feed port and the first radiation element 111.
In other embodiments, the coaxial line may not pass through the first type radiating element 111, but may pass through the reflecting plate 30 to be connected to the transceiver device at a distance from the periphery of the first type radiating element 111.
The first and second microstrip antennas each include a director. The director is arranged above the corresponding radiation unit and is used for guiding the electromagnetic waves radiated by the corresponding radiation unit forwards. The reflecting plate is arranged below the radiation unit and used for reflecting and gathering antenna signals of the microstrip antenna on a receiving point, so that the receiving capacity of the microstrip antenna can be enhanced, and the interference of other electric waves from the opposite direction to the received signals can be blocked and shielded. The director can be arranged above the corresponding radiation unit in a mode of supporting and fixing the director by a supporting and fixing frame. In this embodiment, the director corresponding to the first-type radiation unit 111 is a first director, and the first director is disposed above the first-type radiation unit 111. The second type of radiation unit 211 is arranged above the first director. The director corresponding to the second type of radiation unit 211 is a second director, and the second director is disposed above the second type of radiation unit 211. The reflective plate 30 is disposed below the first-type radiation unit 111.
Referring to fig. 4, a multi-band antenna 300 according to a second embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention is provided. The multi-frequency antenna 300 provided in the second embodiment is similar to the multi-frequency antenna 100 provided in the first embodiment, and the difference between the two embodiments is: in the second embodiment, the connecting member 340 is a circuit board. One end 3411 of the first conductor 341 of the circuit board is connected to the feeding port 2111 of the second type radiating element 211, and the other end 3412 of the first conductor 341 is connected to the transceiver device. Wherein the first wire 341 passes through the first type radiating element 111 from an inner region of the first type radiating element 111.
The multi-frequency antenna 300 further includes a circuit board 60, and the transceiver is disposed on the circuit board 60. The second type of radiation unit 211 is fixed on the top end of the circuit board, and the circuit board penetrates through the first type of radiation unit 111 and the reflection plate 30 and is disposed on the circuit board 60. The feeding port 2111 is connected to the transceiver device by means of the first conductor 341. Wherein the first wire 341 passes through the first type radiating element 111 from an inner region of the first type radiating element 111. Since the inner area of the first type of radiation element 111 radiates almost no energy, there is almost no interference between the signal of the second type of radiation element 211 and the first type of radiation element 111.
Further, the first wire 341 may pass through the first type radiation unit 111 from the center of the inner region of the first type radiation unit 111. The radiation energy of the first type radiation unit 111 gradually decreases from the inner area thereof near the periphery to the center thereof. Therefore, the first conductive line 341 passes through the center of the inner region of the first radiation element 111, and there is no interference between the signal of the second radiation element 211 and the first radiation element 111. Further, the first conductive line 341 includes a first segment 3413 and a second segment 3414, the first segment 3413 is parallel to the first type of radiation element 111, and the second segment 3414 is perpendicular to the first type of radiation element 111. One end of the first segment 3413 is connected to the feeding port of the second radiating element, the other end of the first segment 3413 is connected to one end of the second segment 3414, the other end of the second segment 3414 is connected to the transceiver device, and the second end 3414 passes through the first radiating element 111 from the inner region of the first radiating element 111.
In this embodiment, the first type of radiation unit 111 and the reflection plate 30 are both provided with a clamping interface, so that the circuit board is clamped and fixed with the first type of radiation unit 111 and the reflection plate 30 after passing through the clamping interfaces of the first type of radiation unit 111 and the reflection plate 30. The longitudinal cross-section of the circuit board may be T-shaped. In other embodiments, the shape of the circuit board can be adjusted according to actual needs. The circuit board is arranged perpendicular to the first type of radiating element 111.
Further, the second type radiation unit 211 further includes another feeding port 2112. The other feeding port 2112 is located at the periphery of the second-type radiating element 211, and is separated from the feeding port 2111. The signal of the feed port 2111 is orthogonal to the signal of the further feed port 2112. The second conductive line of the circuit board is insulated from the first conductive line 341. The shape and structure of the second conductive line may be the same as those of the first conductive line 341. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
one end of a second wire on the circuit board is connected to the other feed port 2112, and the other end of the second wire is connected to the transceiver device, where the second wire passes through the first-type radiating element 111 from the inside of the first-type radiating element 111. Since the inner area of the first type of radiation element 111 radiates almost no energy, there is almost no interference between the signal of the second type of radiation element 211 and the first type of radiation element 111.
Further, the second wire may pass through the first type radiation element 111 from the center of the inner region of the first type radiation element 111. The radiation energy of the first type radiation unit 111 gradually decreases from the inner area thereof near the periphery to the center thereof. Therefore, the second wire passes through the center of the inner area of the first type radiating element 111, and there is no interference between the signal of the second type radiating element 211 and the first type radiating element 111.
Further, the second conductive line includes a third segment and a fourth segment, the third segment is parallel to the first-type radiating element 111, and the fourth connecting segment is perpendicular to the first-type radiating element 111. One end of the third segment is connected to the other feed port 2112 of the second-type radiating element 211, the other end of the third segment is connected to one end of the fourth segment, the other end of the fourth segment is connected to the transceiver device, and the fourth segment penetrates through the first-type radiating element 111 from the inner region of the first-type radiating element 111. The circuit network of the first conductive line 341 and the second conductive line is a feeding network.
In this embodiment, the circuit board includes a first sub-board 351 and a second sub-board 352. The first sub-board 351 is perpendicular to the second sub-board 352, and an intersection line of the first sub-board 351 and the second sub-board 352 is connected to the first radiation unit 111. The first conductive lines 341 are located in the first sub-board 351 and the second conductive lines are located in the second sub-board 352.
The first sub-board 351 is perpendicular to the second sub-board 352, and the first conductive line 341 is disposed on the first sub-board 351. The second conductive line is disposed in the second sub-board 352, so that the first conductive line 341 and the second conductive line are more conveniently perpendicular, and further, signals of the feeding port 2111 and the other feeding port 2112 can be orthogonally polarized, which is provided to facilitate a subsequent calculation and analysis process when performing quality analysis on the signals of the feeding port 2111 and the other feeding port 2112. Wherein, an intersection line of the first sub-board 351 and the second sub-board 352 is a common line between the first sub-board 351 and the second sub-board 352.
Since the first-type radiating element 111 is directly disposed above the reflective plate 30, it is not necessary to pass through any radiating element, and it is not necessary to consider the influence of the signal of the feeding port 2111 of the first-type radiating element 111 on the performance of other radiating elements, so that the connection between the feeding port 2111 of the first-type radiating element 111 and the transceiver device can be realized by a conventional connection method. And thus will not be described in detail herein.
Referring to fig. 5, a communication system 400 is further provided according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The communication system 400 includes a base station 410 and a multi-frequency antenna. The base station 410 transceives signals with the multi-frequency antenna. The multi-frequency antenna may be the multi-frequency antenna 100 provided in the first embodiment of the first aspect. Since the multi-frequency antenna 100 has been described in detail in the above first embodiment, it is not described herein again. In other embodiments, the multi-frequency antenna may also be the multi-frequency antenna 200 provided in the second embodiment of the first aspect.
The base station 410 may refer to a radio transceiver, such as a cellular site in a cellular network, a wireless access point in a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), or a Wireless Access Point (WAP).
In the present embodiment, the communication system 400 includes the multi-frequency antenna 100. The multi-frequency antenna 100 includes a reflector 30, and a first microstrip antenna and a second microstrip antenna disposed above the reflector, wherein the frequency of the working frequency band of the first microstrip antenna is less than the frequency of the working frequency band of the second microstrip antenna. The first microstrip antenna comprises a plurality of first-type radiating elements 111, the number of the first-type radiating elements 111 is M × N, the plurality of first-type radiating elements 111 are arranged in an M × N matrix, and M, N is an integer of the first-type radiating elements 111 greater than or equal to 2. The second microstrip antenna includes a first set of radiating elements and a second set of radiating elements. The first radiation element set comprises a number of M × N second radiation elements 211, each second radiation element 211 in the first radiation element set overlaps with one first radiation element 111 in the plurality of first radiation elements, the second radiation element set comprises a number of (M-1) × (N-1) second radiation elements 211, and each second radiation element 211 in the second radiation element set is located in the center of a square 70 surrounded by every four adjacent first radiation elements 111 in the plurality of first radiation elements. Because each second-type radiation unit in the first radiation unit set overlaps with one first-type radiation unit in the first-type radiation units arranged in an M × N matrix, and each second-type radiation unit in the second radiation unit set is located in the center of a square 70 surrounded by every four adjacent first-type radiation units in the first-type radiation units arranged in an M × N matrix, the area of the area occupied by the first-type and second-type radiation units on the reflecting plate is smaller than the area occupied by the radiation units on the reflecting plate in the conventional multi-frequency array antenna, and further, the size of the reflecting plate in the present application can be reduced, so that the size of the multi-frequency antenna is reduced.
Therefore, in this embodiment, the second type of radiation element 211 in the first radiation element set is overlapped with the corresponding first type of radiation element 111, and the second type of radiation element 211 in the second radiation element set is embedded in the center of the square 70 surrounded by every four adjacent first type of radiation elements 111 in the first type of radiation elements arranged in an M × N matrix. In this way, the first type radiation unit 111 and the second type radiation unit 211 can both satisfy the respective suitable distances. Both the first microstrip antenna and the second microstrip antenna can obtain higher performance, that is, the multi-band array antenna 100 can obtain higher performance. In summary, the multi-frequency array antenna 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application reduces the size thereof while maintaining the good performance thereof.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A multi-frequency array antenna, comprising:
a reflector plate, a first microstrip antenna disposed above the reflector plate, and a second microstrip antenna disposed above the reflector plate,
the frequency of the working frequency band of the first microstrip antenna is less than that of the working frequency band of the second microstrip antenna, and the wavelength of the working frequency band of the first microstrip antenna is greater than that of the working frequency band of the second microstrip antenna;
the first microstrip antenna comprises a plurality of first-type radiating elements with the number of M multiplied by N and a first director, wherein the plurality of first-type radiating elements are arranged in an M multiplied by N matrix, the first director is correspondingly arranged above the plurality of first-type radiating elements, and M, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2;
the second microstrip antenna comprises a first radiating element set and a second director, wherein the first radiating element set comprises a second type radiating element with the number of M multiplied by N, each second type radiating element in the first radiating element set is overlapped with one first type radiating element in the plurality of first type radiating elements, the second radiating element set comprises a second type radiating element with the number of (M-1) multiplied by (N-1), each second type radiating element in the second radiating element set is positioned in the center of a square formed by every four adjacent first type radiating elements in the plurality of first type radiating elements, and the second director is correspondingly arranged above the second type radiating element;
the working frequency band of the first microstrip antenna is 2.4GHz, the working frequency band of the second microstrip antenna is 5GHz, the distance between each second type of radiation unit in the first radiation unit set and the nearest second radiation unit in the second radiation unit set is 44-46.3 mm, the distance between the first type of radiation units of the first microstrip antenna is 62.2-65.5 mm, and the ratio of the distance between the first type of radiation units to the distance between each second type of radiation unit in the first radiation unit set and the nearest second radiation unit in the second radiation unit set is
The multi-frequency array antenna also comprises connecting pieces with the number of M multiplied by N, wherein the connecting pieces penetrate through the centers of the inner areas of the corresponding first-class radiation units and the reflecting plate and are insulated from the inner areas of the first-class radiation units and the reflecting plate; the connecting piece is a circuit board, one end of a first lead on each circuit board is connected with a feed port located at the periphery of a corresponding second-type radiating element in the first radiating element set, the other end of the first lead is connected with a transceiver, one end of a second lead on each circuit board is connected with another feed port located at the periphery of a corresponding second-type radiating element in the first radiating element set, the other end of the second lead is connected with the transceiver, and the another feed port is separated from the feed port; the circuit board comprises a first sub-board and a second sub-board, the first sub-board and the second sub-board are perpendicularly arranged in an intersecting mode, the first lead is arranged in the first sub-board, and the second lead is arranged in the second sub-board.
2. The multi-frequency array antenna of claim 1, wherein the frequency of the second microstrip antenna operating band is less than or equal to the frequency of the first microstrip antenna operating band
And (4) doubling.
3. The multi-frequency array antenna of any one of claims 1-2, wherein the first type of radiating elements have a size larger than the second type of radiating elements, the second type of radiating elements in the first set of radiating elements are overlapped above the corresponding first type of radiating elements, and a projection of the second type of radiating elements in the first set of radiating elements onto the corresponding first type of radiating elements is completely within the corresponding first type of radiating elements.
4. The multi-frequency array antenna of any one of claims 1-2, wherein the feeding port of each of the second type radiating elements in the first set of radiating elements is connected to the transceiver device through one of the connectors.
5. The multi-frequency array antenna of claim 4, wherein each of the first conductive lines passes through the corresponding first type radiating element from an inner region of the corresponding first type radiating element.
6. The multi-frequency array antenna of claim 5, wherein the first conductive line comprises a first section and a second section, the first section is parallel to the corresponding first-type radiating element, the second section is perpendicular to the corresponding first-type radiating element, one end of the first section is connected to the feed port of the corresponding second-type radiating element in the first radiating element set, the other end of the first section is connected to one end of the second section, the other end of the second section is connected to the transceiver device, and the second section passes through the corresponding first-type radiating element from the inner region of the corresponding first-type radiating element.
7. The multi-frequency array antenna of claim 5 or 6, wherein the signal of the feed port is orthogonal to the signal of the other feed port, and wherein the second conductive line passes through the corresponding first type radiating element from the inside of the corresponding first radiating element.
8. A communication system comprising a base station and the multi-frequency array antenna of any one of claims 1-7, the base station transceiving signals with the multi-frequency array antenna.
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| US20060273865A1 (en) * | 2005-06-02 | 2006-12-07 | Timofeev Igor E | Dipole antenna array |
| CN205303671U (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-06-08 | 成都南骄科技有限公司 | Individual layer coupling feed double polarization microstrip array antenna |
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| US4329689A (en) * | 1978-10-10 | 1982-05-11 | The Boeing Company | Microstrip antenna structure having stacked microstrip elements |
| JPH09260931A (en) * | 1996-03-21 | 1997-10-03 | Toshiba Corp | Phased array antenna |
| CN106410366B (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2023-05-09 | 北华航天工业学院 | Dual polarized antenna |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060273865A1 (en) * | 2005-06-02 | 2006-12-07 | Timofeev Igor E | Dipole antenna array |
| CN205303671U (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-06-08 | 成都南骄科技有限公司 | Individual layer coupling feed double polarization microstrip array antenna |
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