CN108975494B - Method for treating black smelly water by using graphene modified straw material - Google Patents

Method for treating black smelly water by using graphene modified straw material Download PDF

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CN108975494B
CN108975494B CN201811025594.6A CN201811025594A CN108975494B CN 108975494 B CN108975494 B CN 108975494B CN 201811025594 A CN201811025594 A CN 201811025594A CN 108975494 B CN108975494 B CN 108975494B
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CN108975494A (en
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张雯
任小慧
董月
张振
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Yanshan University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/14—NH3-N
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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Abstract

A method for treating black smelly water by graphene modified straw materials mainly comprises the steps of cutting cleaned and dried corn straws into blocks with uniform sizes, cleaning the corn straws with deionized water, and drying the corn straws for later use; then soaking in hydrochloric acid solution, reacting in a constant-temperature water bath kettle at 50-60 ℃ for 1-2h, taking out the straw blocks, washing with water, drying, soaking the treated straw materials in graphene oxide solution, washing for 3 times after 48h, and naturally drying; soaking the undamaged graphene modified straw blocks in a sodium alginate solution at normal temperature, and washing and air-drying the graphene modified straw blocks after 32 hours; soaking the prepared graphene straw blocks in the domesticated sludge for aeration treatment until a sludge-like biological membrane is generated on the surface of the carrier, and then applying the graphene modified straw material added with the membrane to the treatment of black and odorous wastewater. The invention has the advantages of high treatment efficiency, low cost, simple and easily controlled operation, strong stability to water quality change and reusable carrier material.

Description

Method for treating black smelly water by using graphene modified straw material
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a method for treating smelly black water.
Background
The black smelly water is an extreme state of organic pollution of water and has the characteristics of blackening and smelling, organic matter putrefaction, decomposition, fermentation and difficult degradation. In spite of the current black and odorous water pollution situation, an effective wastewater treatment technology is urgently needed, and traditional physical and chemical methods such as dredging, sewage interception, direct aeration, flocculation, adsorption and the like have poor effects in black and odorous water treatment, are high in cost and are easy to cause secondary pollution. The biological treatment technology is widely applied at present, can decompose and convert organic matters into stable inorganic matters, is economic and efficient, has no secondary pollution, has good sewage purification effect, can be combined with other methods to comprehensively treat the pollution, and has great development potential. Research on treating black and odorous water by biological complex enzyme sewage purifying agent of Wang hong Jun et al (Wang hong Jun, Hu Ju Xiang, Wu Sheng Gui, etc.)]Water conservancy fishery, 2007,27(1):68-70) treats black and odorous water body through biological complex enzyme, BOD when the enzyme concentration is 6mg/L5、COD、S2-、NH3The highest degradation rate is obtained by-N and the like, and the black and odorous phenomenon is eliminated. Research on the use of effective microbial flora for repairing river contaminated by Renwei et al (Renwei, Liusheng Scale, etc. [ J ]]Zhejiang water conservancy and hydropower specialty school bulletin 2008,18(2):41-43) adding efficient composite bacteria EM into polluted river, COD, N, P and the like in river water are effectively degraded, transparency is improved, and black and odorous state is achievedTo solve the problem.
Common biological treatment technologies at home and abroad, such as activated sludge, Membrane Bioreactors (MBR), aerobic and anaerobic bioreactors, trickling filters, enzyme treatment, biological adsorption and the like, have achieved remarkable results at present, but the disadvantages of high cost, complex operation, weak toxicity bearing capacity and the like are undeniable to a greater or lesser extent. The immobilized microorganism technology can maintain the high density and biological activity functions of strains, can proliferate under proper conditions, and biodegrade and adsorb organic compounds in water.
The currently used immobilization support materials are roughly classified into inorganic supports and organic supports. The inorganic carrier mainly comprises activated carbon, diatomite and the like, has good strength, is simple to prepare and operate, but has weak absorption on microorganisms. The organic materials are mainly divided into two types of natural polymer materials and artificially synthesized polymer materials: the former mainly comprises agar, sodium alginate and the like, has no toxic action on microorganisms, but has lower mechanical strength, is easy to decompose thalli and has shorter service life; the other is polystyrene, polyvinyl alcohol and other materials which have good mechanical properties and long service life but are unfavorable to the activity of microorganisms.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a method for treating black and odorous water by using a graphene modified straw material, which has the advantages of high treatment efficiency, low cost, simple and easily-controlled operation, strong stability on water quality change, reusability of a carrier material and no secondary pollution.
The method of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of graphene modified straw material
Cutting cleaned and dried corn straws into blocks with uniform sizes, cleaning the corn straws with deionized water, and drying the corn straws for later use; soaking the treated straw blocks in 0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, reacting in a constant-temperature water bath kettle at 50-60 ℃ for 1-2h, taking out the straw blocks, washing with distilled water until the filtrate is neutral, and drying in a blast drying oven at 30-40 ℃; soaking the treated straw material in a graphene oxide solution with the concentration of 2.4mg/mL under the water bath condition of 40-50 ℃, washing for 3 times by using deionized water after 48 hours, and naturally drying; soaking the undamaged graphene modified straw material in a sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 1.8%, washing the straw material with deionized water for 3 times after 32 hours, and naturally drying the straw material;
(2) the method for treating black smelly water by using the graphene modified straw material comprises the following steps:
firstly, domesticating activated sludge by using black and odorous wastewater, wherein the domesticating method comprises the following steps: aerating the sludge for 8h after the sludge is taken from a sewage treatment plant, standing for 30min, fishing out suspended substances, and discharging supernatant. Diluting the black and odorous wastewater in the river by 20 times, 15 times, 10 times, 5 times, 2 times or not; adding the black and odorous wastewater with the lowest concentration into activated sludge (the volume ratio is 2: 1), aerating for 48 hours to keep DO in the sludge between 1.5-2.5 mg/L all the time, then standing and precipitating for 30min, and discharging supernatant; then gradually increasing the concentration of the black and odorous wastewater, repeating the process, and finally continuously aerating for 24 hours and observing the sludge activity recovery condition until the activated sludge is in a black brown flocculent state, quickly separating mud from water during static sedimentation, compacting a sludge layer and clearing supernatant fluid, wherein the domestication can be considered to be successful; then, soaking the prepared graphene straw material in the domesticated sludge, stirring, and carrying out aeration treatment until a sludge-like biological film is generated on the surface of the carrier;
adding riverway black odorous water into a treatment tank with an aeration device, adjusting the pH value of the black odorous water to 7.0, and adding graphene modified straw materials subjected to film hanging in a proportion that 100 pieces of graphene modified straw materials are added per liter of black odorous water; the temperature of the treatment tank is kept at 25-30 ℃ by adopting a heating device, DO is kept at 1.5-2.5 mg/L by an aeration device, the aeration treatment is carried out for 72 hours, the COD degradation rate of the effluent is 85-95%, and the ammonia nitrogen value is 10-15 mg/L;
and the used graphene modified straw material is re-immersed into the domesticated sludge for continuous film formation, and can be repeatedly reused until the carrier material is damaged.
The corn stalk material used in the invention mainly comprises natural polymers such as cellulose, hemicellulose and the like, a large number of active groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, methoxyl, conjugated double bonds and the like are distributed on a molecular chain, and the interior of the molecular chain has obvious pore passages, so that the corn stalk material has good complexing adsorption and flocculation effects on pollutants in water. However, the mechanical properties of the straw carrier are general, and after the straw carrier is treated by the graphene oxide material, the straw carrier has a large number of active groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl and epoxy groups, and has good chemical stability, strong hydrophilic performance and pollution resistance. The graphene oxide has a mesh channel formed by hydrogen bonds and the like inside, so that the graphene oxide is good in stability and has a strong adsorption effect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the preparation method is simple and easy to implement, and the corn straw material is a common agricultural and forestry waste resource, is cheap and easy to obtain, and has low cost.
2. The immobilized microorganism technology keeps high activity and high concentration of microorganisms in a reaction device, achieves the effect of biological synergism, simultaneously weakens the impact and toxic action of toxic pollutants on the microorganisms due to the high density of the microorganisms and the blocking of an immobilized carrier, and the quantity of the immobilized biological dry film is 0.4-0.8 g/g of the carrier which is more than 4 times that of a common carrier.
3. The graphene modified straw material has good biocompatibility, strong adsorbability and surface active groups, can quickly fix and degrade mixed bacteria to promote the growth of microorganisms, and is easy to separate solid from liquid and high in impact load resistance.
4. The graphene modified straw material has the advantages of strong mechanical property, strong reproducibility, simple regeneration method, repeated utilization for many times, reduction of sewage treatment cost, no secondary pollution, applicability to long-term batch operation in actual production and great potential in black and odorous water treatment.
5. Compared with the common biological method for treating the stinky black water, the high-concentration black stinky wastewater can pass through the treatment device, the degradation rate of the COD value of the effluent reaches more than 85 percent, and the ammonia nitrogen value basically reaches the discharge standard of the national first-level standard of 15 mg/L.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Cutting cleaned and dried corn straws into blocks with uniform sizes: washing with deionized water, and drying for use, wherein r is 7mm, and h is 4 mm; soaking the treated straw blocks in 0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, reacting in a constant-temperature water bath kettle at 50 ℃ for 1.5h, taking out the straw blocks, washing with distilled water until the filtrate is neutral, and drying in a forced air drying oven at 35 ℃; soaking the treated straw material in a graphene oxide solution with the concentration of 2.4mg/mL under the water bath condition of 45 ℃, washing the straw material for 3 times by using deionized water after 48 hours, and naturally drying the straw material; soaking the undamaged graphene modified straw material in a sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 1.8%, washing the straw material with deionized water for 3 times after 32 hours, and naturally drying the straw material to obtain the graphene modified straw material;
domesticating the activated sludge with black and odorous wastewater: aerating the sludge for 8h after the sludge is taken from a sewage treatment plant, standing for 30min, fishing out suspended substances, and discharging supernatant. Diluting the black and odorous wastewater in the river by 20 times, 15 times, 10 times, 5 times and 2 times without diluting; adding the black and odorous wastewater with the lowest concentration into activated sludge (the volume ratio is 2: 1), aerating for 48 hours to keep DO in the sludge between 1.5-2.5 mg/L all the time, then standing and precipitating for 30min, and discharging supernatant; then gradually increasing the concentration of the black and odorous wastewater, repeating the process, and finally continuously aerating for 24 hours and observing the sludge activity recovery condition until the activated sludge is in a black brown flocculent state, quickly separating mud from water during static sedimentation, compacting a sludge layer and clearing supernatant fluid, wherein the domestication can be considered to be successful; then, soaking the graphene straw material in the domesticated sludge, stirring, and carrying out aeration treatment until a sludge-like biological film is generated on the surface of the carrier;
adding 4L of riverway black and odorous water into an 8L organic glass treatment tank with an aeration device, adjusting the pH value of the black and odorous water to 7.0, adding 400 pieces of graphene modified straw materials after film formation, keeping the temperature of the treatment tank at 30 ℃ by adopting a heating device, keeping DO at 1.5-2.5 mg/L by the aeration device, and carrying out aeration treatment for 72 hours, wherein the COD degradation rate of effluent is 95%, and the ammonia nitrogen value is 10 mg/L.
Example 2
Cutting cleaned and dried corn straws into blocks with uniform sizes: washing with deionized water, and drying for use, wherein r is 7mm, and h is 4 mm; soaking the treated straw blocks in 0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, reacting in a constant-temperature water bath kettle at 55 ℃ for 1h, taking out the straw blocks, washing with distilled water until the filtrate is neutral, and drying in a forced air drying oven at 30 ℃; soaking the treated straw material in a graphene oxide solution with the concentration of 2.4mg/mL under the condition of water bath at 50 ℃, washing for 3 times by using deionized water after 48 hours, and naturally drying; soaking the undamaged graphene modified straw material in a sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 1.8%, washing the straw material with deionized water for 3 times after 32 hours, and naturally drying the straw material to obtain the graphene modified straw material;
domesticating the activated sludge by using black and odorous wastewater, wherein the domesticating method comprises the following steps: aerating the sludge for 8h after the sludge is taken from a sewage treatment plant, standing for 30min, fishing out suspended substances, and discharging supernatant. Diluting the black and odorous wastewater in the river course by 20 times, 15 times, 10 times, 5 times, 2 times or not; adding the black and odorous wastewater with the lowest concentration into activated sludge (the volume ratio is 2: 1), aerating for 48 hours to keep DO in the sludge between 1.5-2.5 mg/L all the time, then standing and precipitating for 30min, and discharging supernatant; then gradually increasing the concentration of the black and odorous wastewater, repeating the process, and finally continuously aerating for 24 hours and observing the sludge activity recovery condition until the activated sludge is in a black brown flocculent state, quickly separating mud from water during static sedimentation, compacting a sludge layer and clearing supernatant fluid, wherein the domestication can be considered to be successful; then, soaking the graphene straw material in the domesticated sludge, stirring, and carrying out aeration treatment until a sludge-like biological film is generated on the surface of the carrier;
adding 4L of riverway black and odorous water into an 8L organic glass treatment tank with an aeration device, adjusting the pH value of the black and odorous water to 7.0, adding 800 pieces of graphene modified straw materials after film formation, keeping the temperature of the treatment tank at 30 ℃ by adopting a heating device, keeping DO at 1.5-2.5 mg/L by the aeration device, and carrying out aeration treatment for 72 hours, wherein the COD degradation rate of effluent is 90%, and the ammonia nitrogen value is 15 mg/L.
Example 3
Cutting cleaned and dried corn straws into blocks with uniform sizes: washing with deionized water, and drying for use, wherein r is 7mm, and h is 4 mm; soaking the treated straw blocks in 0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, reacting in a constant-temperature water bath kettle at 60 ℃ for 1.5h, taking out the straw blocks, washing with distilled water until the filtrate is neutral, and drying in an air drying oven at 40 ℃; soaking the treated straw material in a graphene oxide solution with the concentration of 2.4mg/mL under the water bath condition of 45 ℃, washing the straw material for 3 times by using deionized water after 48 hours, and naturally drying the straw material; soaking the undamaged graphene modified straw material in a sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 1.8%, washing the straw material with deionized water for 3 times after 32 hours, and naturally drying the straw material to obtain the graphene modified straw material;
domesticating the activated sludge by using black and odorous wastewater, wherein the domesticating method comprises the following steps: aerating the sludge for 8h after the sludge is taken from a sewage treatment plant, standing for 30min, fishing out suspended substances, and discharging supernatant. Diluting the black and odorous wastewater in the river course by 20 times, 15 times, 10 times, 5 times, 2 times or not; adding the black and odorous wastewater with the lowest concentration into activated sludge (the volume ratio is 2: 1), aerating for 48 hours to keep DO in the sludge between 1.5-2.5 mg/L all the time, then standing and precipitating for 30min, and discharging supernatant; then gradually increasing the concentration of the black and odorous wastewater, repeating the process, and finally continuously aerating for 24 hours and observing the sludge activity recovery condition until the activated sludge is in a black brown flocculent state, quickly separating mud from water during static sedimentation, compacting a sludge layer and clearing supernatant fluid, wherein the domestication can be considered to be successful; then, soaking the graphene straw material in the domesticated sludge, stirring, and carrying out aeration treatment until a sludge-like biological film is generated on the surface of the carrier;
adding 4L of riverway black and odorous water into an 8L organic glass treatment tank with an aeration device, adjusting the pH value of the black and odorous water to 6.0, adding 400 pieces of graphene modified straw materials after film formation, keeping the temperature of the treatment tank at 30 ℃ by adopting a heating device, keeping DO at 1.5-2.5 mg/L by the aeration device, and carrying out aeration treatment for 72 hours, wherein the COD degradation rate of effluent is 85%, and the ammonia nitrogen value is 15 mg/L.
Example 4
Cutting cleaned and dried corn straws into blocks with uniform sizes: washing with deionized water, and drying for use, wherein r is 7mm, and h is 4 mm; soaking the treated straw blocks in 0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, reacting in a constant-temperature water bath kettle at 52 ℃ for 2h, taking out the straw blocks, washing with distilled water until the filtrate is neutral, and drying in a forced air drying oven at 38 ℃; soaking the treated straw material in a graphene oxide solution with the concentration of 2.4mg/mL under the condition of water bath at 40 ℃, washing for 3 times by using deionized water after 48 hours, and naturally drying; soaking the undamaged graphene modified straw material in a sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 1.8%, washing the straw material with deionized water for 3 times after 32 hours, and naturally drying the straw material to obtain the graphene modified straw material;
domesticating the activated sludge by using black and odorous wastewater, wherein the domesticating method comprises the following steps: aerating the sludge taken from a sewage treatment plant for 8h, standing for 30min, fishing out suspended substances, discharging supernatant, and diluting the black and odorous wastewater in the river by 20 times, 15 times, 10 times, 5 times, 2 times or not; adding the black and odorous wastewater with the lowest concentration into activated sludge (the volume ratio is 2: 1), aerating for 48 hours to keep DO in the sludge between 1.5-2.5 mg/L all the time, then standing and precipitating for 30min, and discharging supernatant; then gradually increasing the concentration of the black and odorous wastewater, repeating the process, and finally continuously aerating for 24 hours and observing the sludge activity recovery condition until the activated sludge is in a black brown flocculent state, quickly separating mud from water during static sedimentation, compacting a sludge layer and clearing supernatant fluid, wherein the domestication can be considered to be successful; then, soaking the graphene straw material in the domesticated sludge, stirring, and carrying out aeration treatment until a sludge-like biological film is generated on the surface of the carrier;
adding 4L of riverway black and odorous water into an 8L organic glass treatment tank with an aeration device, adjusting the pH value of the black and odorous water to 8.0, adding 600 pieces of graphene modified straw materials after film formation, keeping the temperature of the treatment tank at 30 ℃ by adopting a heating device, keeping DO at 1.5-2.5 mg/L by the aeration device, and carrying out aeration treatment for 72 hours, wherein the COD degradation rate of effluent is 88%, and the ammonia nitrogen value is 10 mg/L.
Example 5
Cutting cleaned and dried corn straws into blocks with uniform sizes: washing with deionized water, and drying for use, wherein r is 7mm, and h is 4 mm; soaking the treated straw blocks in 0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, reacting in a constant-temperature water bath kettle at 56 ℃ for 1h, taking out the straw blocks, washing with distilled water until the filtrate is neutral, and drying in a forced air drying oven at 32 ℃; soaking the treated straw material in a graphene oxide solution with the concentration of 2.4mg/mL under the water bath condition of 48 ℃, washing the straw material for 3 times by using deionized water after 48 hours, and naturally drying the straw material; soaking the undamaged graphene modified straw material in a sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 1.8%, washing the straw material with deionized water for 3 times after 32 hours, and naturally drying the straw material to obtain the graphene modified straw material;
domesticating the activated sludge by using black and odorous wastewater, wherein the domesticating method comprises the following steps: aerating the sludge for 8h after the sludge is taken from a sewage treatment plant, standing for 30min, fishing out suspended substances, and discharging supernatant. Diluting the black and odorous wastewater in the river course by 20 times, 15 times, 10 times, 5 times, 2 times or not; adding the black and odorous wastewater with the lowest concentration into activated sludge (the volume ratio is 2: 1), aerating for 48 hours to keep DO in the sludge between 1.5-2.5 mg/L all the time, then standing and precipitating for 30min, and discharging supernatant; then gradually increasing the concentration of the black and odorous wastewater, repeating the process, and finally continuously aerating for 24 hours and observing the sludge activity recovery condition until the activated sludge is in a black brown flocculent state, quickly separating mud from water during static sedimentation, compacting a sludge layer and clearing supernatant fluid, wherein the domestication can be considered to be successful; then, soaking the graphene straw material in the domesticated sludge, stirring, and carrying out aeration treatment until a sludge-like biological film is generated on the surface of the carrier;
adding 4L of riverway black and odorous water into an 8L organic glass treatment tank with an aeration device, adjusting the pH value of the black and odorous water to 7.0, adding 500 pieces of graphene modified straw materials after film formation, keeping the temperature of the treatment tank at 35 ℃ by adopting a heating device, keeping DO at 1.5-2.5 mg/L by the aeration device, and carrying out aeration treatment for 72 hours, wherein the COD degradation rate of effluent is 95%, and the ammonia nitrogen value is 10 mg/L.
Example 6
Cutting cleaned and dried corn straws into blocks with uniform sizes: washing with deionized water, and drying for use, wherein r is 7mm, and h is 4 mm; soaking the treated straw blocks in 0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, reacting in a constant-temperature water bath kettle at 58 ℃ for 2h, taking out the straw blocks, washing with distilled water until the filtrate is neutral, and drying in a forced air drying oven at 33 ℃; soaking the treated straw material in a graphene oxide solution with the concentration of 2.4mg/mL under the condition of 42 ℃ water bath, washing for 3 times by using deionized water after 48 hours, and naturally drying; soaking the undamaged graphene modified straw material in a sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 1.8%, washing the straw material with deionized water for 3 times after 32 hours, and naturally drying the straw material to obtain the graphene modified straw material;
domesticating the activated sludge by using black and odorous wastewater, wherein the domesticating method comprises the following steps: aerating the sludge for 8h after the sludge is taken from a sewage treatment plant, standing for 30min, fishing out suspended substances, and discharging supernatant. Diluting the black and odorous wastewater in the river course by 20 times, 15 times, 10 times, 5 times, 2 times or not; adding the black and odorous wastewater with the lowest concentration into activated sludge (the volume ratio is 2: 1), aerating for 48 hours to keep DO in the sludge between 1.5-2.5 mg/L all the time, then standing and precipitating for 30min, and discharging supernatant; then gradually increasing the concentration of the black and odorous wastewater, repeating the process, and finally continuously aerating for 24 hours and observing the sludge activity recovery condition until the activated sludge is in a black brown flocculent state, quickly separating mud from water during static sedimentation, compacting a sludge layer and clearing supernatant fluid, wherein the domestication can be considered to be successful; then, soaking the graphene straw material in the domesticated sludge, stirring, and carrying out aeration treatment until a sludge-like biological film is generated on the surface of the carrier;
adding 4L of riverway black and odorous water into an 8L organic glass treatment tank with an aeration device, adjusting the pH value of the black and odorous water to 7.0, adding 800 pieces of graphene modified straw materials after film formation, treating at room temperature of 25 ℃, keeping DO between 1.5 and 2.5mg/L through the aeration device, and carrying out aeration treatment for 72 hours, wherein the COD degradation rate of effluent is 85 percent, and the ammonia nitrogen value is 10 mg/L.

Claims (4)

1. A method for treating black and odorous wastewater by using a novel graphene modified straw material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of graphene modified straw material
Cutting cleaned and dried corn straws into blocks with uniform sizes, cleaning the corn straws with deionized water, and drying the corn straws for later use; soaking the treated straw blocks in 0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, reacting in a constant-temperature water bath kettle at 50-60 ℃ for 1-2h, taking out the straw blocks, washing with distilled water until the filtrate is neutral, and drying in a forced air drying oven at 30-40 ℃; soaking the treated straw material in a graphene oxide solution with the concentration of 2.4mg/mL under the water bath condition of 40-50 ℃, washing for 3 times by using deionized water after 48 hours, and naturally drying; soaking the undamaged graphene modified straw material in a sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 1.8%, washing the straw material with deionized water for 3 times after 32 hours, and naturally drying the straw material;
(2) the method for treating black smelly water by using the graphene modified straw material comprises the following steps:
soaking the prepared graphene straw material in the domesticated sludge, stirring, and carrying out aeration treatment until a sludge-like biological film is generated on the surface of the carrier;
adding riverway black smelly water into a treatment tank with an aeration device, adjusting the pH value of the black smelly water to 7.0, adding a graphene modified straw material subjected to film formation, keeping the temperature of the treatment tank at 25-30 ℃ by adopting a heating device, keeping DO at 1.5-2.5 mg/L by using the aeration device, and carrying out aeration treatment for 72 hours, wherein the COD degradation rate of effluent is 85-95%, and the ammonia nitrogen value is 10-15 mg/L.
2. The method for treating black and odorous wastewater by using the novel graphene modified straw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the domesticated sludge is obtained by domesticating activated sludge with black and odorous wastewater, and the domestication method comprises the following steps: aerating the sludge for 8h after the sludge is taken from a sewage treatment plant, standing for 30min, fishing out suspended substances, and discharging supernatant. Diluting the black and odorous wastewater in the river by 20 times, 15 times, 10 times, 5 times and 2 times without diluting; then adding the black and odorous wastewater with the lowest concentration into the activated sludge, wherein the volume ratio of the black and odorous wastewater to the activated sludge is 2: 1, aerating for 48 hours to keep DO in the sludge between 1.5-2.5 mg/L all the time, then standing and precipitating for 30min, and discharging supernatant; and then gradually increasing the concentration of the black and odorous wastewater, repeating the process, and finally continuously aerating for 24 hours and observing the sludge activity recovery condition until the activated sludge is in a black brown flocculent state, quickly separating mud from water during static sedimentation, compacting a sludge layer, and obtaining clear supernatant, wherein the acclimatization is completed.
3. The method for treating black and odorous wastewater by using the novel graphene modified straw material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the proportion of the graphene modified straw material added with the film is that 100 pieces of graphene modified straw material are added per liter of black odorous water.
4. The method for treating black and odorous wastewater by using the novel graphene modified straw material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and the used graphene modified straw material is re-immersed into the domesticated sludge for continuous film formation, and can be repeatedly reused until the carrier material is damaged.
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CN112892493A (en) * 2021-01-25 2021-06-04 成都工业学院 Electroplating wastewater water guide material prepared from corn straws and preparation method thereof
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