CN108955640A - The restructural remote sensing camera in space based on synthetic aperture technique - Google Patents
The restructural remote sensing camera in space based on synthetic aperture technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN108955640A CN108955640A CN201810365445.8A CN201810365445A CN108955640A CN 108955640 A CN108955640 A CN 108955640A CN 201810365445 A CN201810365445 A CN 201810365445A CN 108955640 A CN108955640 A CN 108955640A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of restructural remote sensing cameras in the space based on synthetic aperture technique, including several remote sensing camera modules (1) and a synthetic aperture auxiliary system, synthetic aperture auxiliary system is made of synthetic aperture common phase corrector module (2), synthetic aperture beam synthesis module (3), synthetic aperture beam splitter module (4), synthetic aperture common phase detector module (5), synthetic aperture imaging focus module (6) and synthetic aperture imaging detector module (7).Each remote sensing camera module both may be at the mode of working independently, and can also carry out Space Reconstruction and form synthetic aperture operating mode.When not needing high-resolution imaging over the ground, each remote sensing camera is in the mode that works independently at this time；When needing high-resolution imaging over the ground, these remote sensing cameras can carry out Space Reconstruction around synthetic aperture auxiliary system and form synthetic aperture operating mode at this time.The present invention can be realized the imaging resolution of equivalent heavy caliber remote sensing camera.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of space remote sensing camera, in particular to a kind of space based on synthetic aperture technique is restructural distant
Feel camera.
Background technique
Remote sensing camera is as a kind of direct earth observation imaging device, in agricultural, forestry, ocean, survey of territorial resources
Play the role of it is vital, the ground observation image got by remote sensing camera be capable of providing other equipment institute it is incomparable
Primary data information (pdi), therefore space science and monitoring generaI investigation etc. technical fields have a wide range of applications.According to optical diffraction
Principle, if the imaging telescope diameter of remote sensing camera is D, imaging band λ, then the diffraction limit angular resolution of earth observation
Its imaging resolution capability on a surface target is directly determined for the bore D of 1.22 λ/D, therefore remote sensing camera imaging telescope.
In order to obtain the remote sensing images of ground target higher resolution, the bore of imaging telescope must be increased, however telescope
Bore increase receives the limitation of all many conditions, such as glass forming material, processing detection technique, transmitting operating cost, delivery
Ability restriction etc., therefore the remote sensing camera technology of the single Aperture Telescope of tradition is difficult to adapt to the hair of the following high-definition remote sensing observation
Exhibition demand.Such as the Hubble of famous American, bore reach 2.4 meters, whole system weighs more than 11 tons, volume and again
Measure the limit carrying capacity already close to rocket.The James's Webb Telescope to attract attention in recent years, primary mirror are adopted
Splice form with piecemeal mirror, the folding of these piecemeal mirrors is placed in launching pod when rocket launching, reaches piecemeal mirror after track designation
Stretching, extension is unfolded into huge 6.5 meters of primary mirrors.Although James's Webb Telescope is avoided by piecemeal mirror connecting method
Single caliber size increases faced a series of problems, but undeniably, the cost of this telescope is very expensive,
And need to be equipped with behind piecemeal mirror large number of high-accuracy driving element come guarantee splicing after main mirror face consistency, because
This this space telescope hardly results in large-scale popularization and use.
The restructural remote sensing camera in space based on synthetic aperture technique provides a kind of effective solution for the above problem
Certainly thinking.The restructural remote sensing camera in space based on synthetic aperture technique is synthesized by several small-bore remote sensing cameras with one
Aperture auxiliary system composition, these small-bore remote sensing cameras may be at the mode of working independently, each can be implemented separately pair
Ground observation imaging, when needing high-resolution imaging over the ground, then these small-bore remote sensing cameras can be around synthetic aperture auxiliary system
System carries out Space Reconstruction to form synthetic aperture operating mode, realizes that high-resolution imaging is observed over the ground.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is the resolution ratio index request with remote sensing earth observation is higher and higher, and
Traditional single port diameter remote sensing camera mirror surface manufacture, carrying capacity limitation and in terms of there are many restrictions conditions.This
Invention realizes the high-resolution imaging effect of heavy caliber using several small-bore remote sensing cameras progress synthetic aperture reconstruct, from
A series of and restrictive conditions faced when efficiently solving existing single port diameter remote sensing camera high-resolution imaging demand.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the space based on synthetic aperture technique is restructural distant
Feel camera, including remote sensing camera module 1 and a synthetic aperture auxiliary system, synthetic aperture auxiliary system is by synthetic aperture common phase
Corrector module 2, synthetic aperture beam synthesis module 3, synthetic aperture beam splitter module 4, the detection of synthetic aperture common phase
Device module 5, synthetic aperture imaging focus module 6 and synthetic aperture imaging detector module 7 form, and each remote sensing camera both can be with
Realization works independently mode, can also pass through Space Reconstruction and realize synthetic aperture operating mode；When do not need over the ground high-resolution at
When picture, at this time each remote sensing camera be in work independently mode when, each remote sensing camera can obtain ground observation region
Remote sensing images；When needing to carry out high-resolution imaging to a certain region in ground, then these remote sensing cameras are in synthetic aperture work
Operation mode, each remote sensing camera can carry out Space Reconstruction around synthetic aperture auxiliary system and form synthetic aperture Working mould at this time
Formula.
Wherein, when remote sensing camera is in synthetic aperture operating mode, each remote sensing camera can surround synthetic aperture at this time
Auxiliary system carries out Space Reconstruction, and light beam can successively pass through synthetic aperture common phase corrector mould after each remote sensing camera
Block 2 and synthetic aperture beam synthesis module 3, subsequent light beam are transported down in synthetic aperture beam splitter module 4, light beam
It is divided in synthetic aperture beam splitter module 4, a part of reflected light pass enters synthetic aperture common phase detector mould
Block 5, another part transmitted light are transferred into after synthetic aperture imaging focus module 6 in synthetic aperture imaging detector module 7
Upper focal imaging can be realized the common phase error accurately detecting between remote sensing camera using synthetic aperture common phase detector module 5,
Synthetic aperture common phase corrector module 2 can realize the benefit to common phase error between remote sensing camera according to common phase error detection signal
Correction is repaid, to obtain the high-resolution remote sensing image of observation area on synthetic aperture imaging detector module 7.
Wherein, when the remote sensing camera is in synthetic aperture operating mode, these remote sensing cameras can surround synthetic aperture
Auxiliary system carries out the Space Reconstruction of certain arrangement shape, and 6 remote sensing cameras are reconstructed into the synthetic aperture Working mould of annular array
Formula, or it is reconstructed into the synthetic aperture operating mode of Y shape arrangement.
Wherein, the synthetic aperture common phase corrector module 2 can use the device of Piezoelectric Ceramic structure, or
Perhaps the device of liquid crystal structure or other devices that can change Beam Wave-Front phase are constituted the device of MEMS structure.
Wherein, the synthetic aperture beam splitter module 4 can be intensity light splitting or spectrum or polarization point
Light.
Wherein, the synthetic aperture common phase detector module 5 can using the common phase sensitive detection parts tracked based on striped,
Or common phase sensitive detection parts based on dispersion striped sensor or the common phase sensitive detection parts based on far-field spot optimization or
Common phase sensitive detection parts based on phase difference method.
Wherein, the synthetic aperture imaging detector module 7 uses CCD camera or CMOS camera.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with existing traditional single port diameter remote sensing camera system
(1) whole system is formed using several small-bore remote sensing cameras and a synthetic aperture auxiliary system, these
The size of small-bore remote sensing camera is all smaller, and the size of synthetic aperture auxiliary system is also smaller, completely can be using tradition
Rocket system be sent to track designation, therefore greatly reduce the requirement to rocket carrying capacity.
(2) each remote sensing camera may be in the mode of working independently, these remote sensing cameras can also be from different angles at this time
Degree realizes the observation to same ground region, and the 3-D image observation to the region is realized by way of image procossing, and
And these small-bore remote sensing cameras can be observed for ground different zones, can be realized as by way of image mosaic
Super large breadth remote sensing observations, therefore can be obtained by the collaborative work of these remote sensing cameras and more be schemed than single remote sensing camera
As information.
(3) when needing to carry out high-resolution imaging observation to a certain region in ground, then these remote sensing cameras can be around conjunction
Space Reconstruction is carried out at aperture auxiliary system, realizes that the imaging beam of these remote sensing cameras synthesizes by synthetic aperture auxiliary system
Interference, and the high-definition picture of observation area is finally formed on the imaging detector of synthetic aperture auxiliary system.Therefore it closes
It can be realized the high-resolution imaging ability of heavy caliber remote sensing camera when at aperture operating mode, while it is distant to avoid traditional heavy caliber
Sense camera optics manufacture is difficult, involve great expense the problems such as limiting with carrying capacity.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the basic structure schematic diagram of the restructural remote sensing camera in space based on synthetic aperture technique, wherein 1 is distant
Feel camera model, 2 be synthetic aperture common phase corrector module, and 3 be synthetic aperture beam synthesis module, and 4 be synthetic aperture light
Beam optical splitter module, 5 be synthetic aperture common phase detector module, 6 be synthetic aperture imaging focus module, 7 for synthetic aperture at
As detector module；
Fig. 2 is that 6 remote sensing cameras carry out the toric space used when synthetic aperture operating mode arrangement reconstitituted form and Y shape
Spatial arrangement reconstitituted form, wherein Fig. 2 (a) is that 6 remote sensing cameras carry out Space Reconstruction, forms the synthetic aperture of annular arrangement
Operating mode；Fig. 2 (b) is that 6 remote sensing cameras carry out Space Reconstruction, forms the synthetic aperture operating mode of Y shape arrangement；
A kind of specific embodiment structural schematic diagram when Fig. 3 is two remote sensing cameras, wherein Fig. 3 (a) is remote sensing camera
I works independently mode, and Fig. 3 (b) is synthetic aperture auxiliary system, and Fig. 3 (c) is that remote sensing camera II works independently mode, Fig. 3 (d)
It is synthetic aperture imaging operating mode for two remote sensing camera Space Reconstructions；8 be remote sensing camera primary mirror, and 9 be remote sensing camera secondary mirror,
10 be remote sensing camera imaging and focusing device, and 11 be remote sensing camera imaging detector, and 12 be remote sensing camera mode reflection mirror, and 13 be synthesis
Aperture common phase corrector, 14 be synthetic aperture beam synthesis, and 15 be synthetic aperture beam splitter, and 16 be synthetic aperture common phase
Detector, 17 be synthetic aperture imaging focalizer, and 18 be synthetic aperture imaging detector；
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment further illustrates the present invention.
The restructural remote sensing camera in space based on synthetic aperture technique of the present embodiment, basic structure is as shown in Figure 1, include
Remote sensing camera module 1, synthetic aperture common phase corrector module 2, synthetic aperture beam synthesis module 3, synthetic aperture light beam point
Light device module 4, synthetic aperture common phase detector module 5, synthetic aperture imaging focus module 6 and synthetic aperture imaging detector mould
Block 7 forms, and wherein independent earth observation imaging pattern may be implemented in remote sensing camera module 1, can also carry out Space Reconstruction realization
Synthetic aperture earth observation imaging pattern, synthetic aperture common phase correction module 2 is for realizing common phase error between remote sensing camera
Correction, synthetic aperture beam synthesis module 3 is for realizing the light beam synthesis between remote sensing camera, synthetic aperture beam splitter
Module 4 is used to be divided synthesis light beam, and synthetic aperture common phase detector module 5 misses for realizing common phase between remote sensing camera
The detection of difference, synthetic aperture imaging focus module 6 are focused for that will synthesize light beam, synthetic aperture imaging detector module 7
For realizing imaging detection.
Fig. 2 indicates two kinds of spatial arrangement forms when 6 remote sensing camera Space Reconstructions carry out synthetic aperture operating mode, point
Annular arrangement and Y shape arrangement are not corresponded to.It can be required according to imaging resolution in practical application, using more remote sensing cameras,
And the spatial arrangement taken other form.
Fig. 3 indicates a kind of specific embodiment structural schematic diagram when two remote sensing cameras.As shown in figure 3, each remote sensing
Camera is by remote sensing camera primary mirror 8, remote sensing camera secondary mirror 9, remote sensing camera imaging and focusing device 10,11 and of remote sensing camera imaging detector
Remote sensing camera mode reflection mirror 12 forms.When remote sensing camera works independently, remote sensing camera mode reflection mirror 12 is placed at this time
Position B, incident beam are incident on remote sensing camera imaging and focusing device 10 after remote sensing camera primary mirror 8 and remote sensing camera secondary mirror 9,
Remote sensing camera imaging detector 11 is placed on the focal plane of remote sensing camera imaging and focusing device 10, then in remote sensing camera imaging detector
Remote sensing observations image can be obtained on 11.When remote sensing camera carries out synthetic aperture operating mode, then remote sensing camera I and remote sensing phase
Machine II carries out Space Reconstruction centered on synthetic aperture auxiliary system, the remote sensing camera mode reflection mirror in the two remote sensing cameras
12 from position B can be moved to position A, then light beam by the remote sensing camera primary mirror 8 of each remote sensing camera, remote sensing camera secondary mirror 9 with
Afterwards, it can be incident on remote sensing camera mode reflection mirror 12, can be incident on synthetic aperture common phase corrector 13 after reflection, it should
Common phase corrector is made of the reflecting mirror that two angles are 90 degree, and subsequent light beam can be incident on synthetic aperture beam synthesis 14
On, after the reflection of synthetic aperture beam synthesis 14, this two-beam, which will continue to transmit downwards, is incident on synthetic aperture light beam
On optical splitter 15, for the optical splitter for incident beam to be divided, a part of light is reflected into the detection of synthetic aperture common phase
In device 16, another part transmitted light can be incident on synthetic aperture imaging focalizer 17, and synthetic aperture imaging detector 18 is put
It sets on the focal plane of synthetic aperture imaging focalizer 17, to obtain synthetic aperture work on synthetic aperture imaging detector 18
When remote sensing images；Synthetic aperture common phase detector 16 can be realized the common phase error detection of two remote sensing cameras, synthetic aperture
Common phase corrector 13 can be realized the correction to the common phase error, it is corrected after light beam can be visited in synthetic aperture imaging
It surveys on device 18 and obtains high-resolution synthetic aperture image.
The content that description in the present invention is not described in detail belongs to the prior art well known to professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (7)
1. the restructural remote sensing camera in space based on synthetic aperture technique, it is characterised in that: including several remote sensing camera modules (1)
With a synthetic aperture auxiliary system, synthetic aperture auxiliary system is by synthetic aperture common phase corrector module (2), synthetic aperture light
Beam Senthesizer module (3), synthetic aperture beam splitter module (4), synthetic aperture common phase detector module (5), synthetic aperture
Imaging and focusing module (6) and synthetic aperture imaging detector module (7) form, and each remote sensing camera module can both carry out individually
Operating mode can also carry out synthetic aperture operating mode by Space Reconstruction；When not needing high-resolution imaging over the ground, at this time
Each remote sensing camera is in the mode that works independently；When needing high-resolution imaging over the ground, these remote sensing cameras can be around conjunction at this time
Space Reconstruction, which is carried out, at aperture auxiliary system forms synthetic aperture operating mode.
2. the restructural remote sensing camera in the space according to claim 1 based on synthetic aperture technique, it is characterised in that: when distant
When sense camera is in synthetic aperture operating mode, each remote sensing camera can carry out space weight around synthetic aperture auxiliary system at this time
Structure, light beam, can be successively by synthetic aperture common phase corrector module (2) and synthetic aperture light beams after each remote sensing camera
Senthesizer module (3), subsequent light beam are transported down in synthetic aperture beam splitter module (4), and light beam is in synthetic aperture light
Beam optical splitter module is divided on (4), and a part of reflected light pass enters synthetic aperture common phase detector module (5), in addition
A part of transmitted light is transferred into after synthetic aperture imaging focus module (6) gathers on synthetic aperture imaging detector module (7)
Coke imaging, can be realized the common phase error accurately detecting between remote sensing camera using synthetic aperture common phase detector module (5), close
The benefit to common phase error between remote sensing camera can be realized according to common phase error detection signal at aperture common phase corrector module (2)
Correction is repaid, to obtain the high-resolution remote sensing image of observation area on synthetic aperture imaging detector module (7).
3. the restructural remote sensing camera in the space according to claim 1 based on synthetic aperture technique, it is characterised in that: remote sensing
When camera is in synthetic aperture operating mode, these remote sensing cameras can carry out certain arrangement shape around synthetic aperture auxiliary system
Space Reconstruction, 6 remote sensing cameras are reconstructed into the synthetic aperture operating mode of annular array, or are reconstructed into the conjunction of Y shape arrangement
At aperture operating mode.
4. the restructural remote sensing camera in the space according to claim 1 based on synthetic aperture technique, it is characterised in that: synthesis
Aperture common phase corrector module (2) can be using the device or liquid of the device perhaps MEMS structure of Piezoelectric Ceramic structure
The device of crystal structure or other devices that can change Beam Wave-Front phase are constituted.
5. the restructural remote sensing camera in the space according to claim 1 based on synthetic aperture technique, it is characterised in that: synthesis
Aperture light beam optical splitter module (4) can be intensity light splitting or spectrum or polarization spectro.
6. the restructural remote sensing camera in the space according to claim 1 based on synthetic aperture technique, it is characterised in that: synthesis
Aperture common phase detector module (5) can be sensed using the common phase sensitive detection parts tracked based on striped or based on dispersion striped
The common phase sensitive detection parts of device or the common phase sensitive detection parts based on far-field spot optimization or the common phase based on phase difference method are visited
Survey device.
7. the restructural remote sensing camera in the space according to claim 1 based on synthetic aperture technique, it is characterised in that: synthesis
Aperture imaging detector module (7) uses CCD camera or CMOS camera.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN111504271A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-08-07 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Visible light image detector with parameters capable of being bound |
| CN114624898A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-06-14 | 清华大学 | Multi-optical load multi-task remote sensing satellite |
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