CN108947485A - 一种日用陶瓷复合材料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种日用陶瓷复合材料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxozirconium;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.[Zr]=O CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- KKSAZXGYGLKVSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CCCCO KKSAZXGYGLKVSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910006213 ZrOCl2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- QUVMSYUGOKEMPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CC(C)C[O-].CC(C)C[O-].CC(C)C[O-].CC(C)C[O-] QUVMSYUGOKEMPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JXLWTLZBAJWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCC[Ti] Chemical group CCCC[Ti] JXLWTLZBAJWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002085 enols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
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- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,4b,5,6,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009881 electrostatic interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种日用陶瓷复合材料的制备方法，该制备方法是：在一定量硫酸中，加入丁醇钛、氧化铝、氧氯化锆及九水合硅酸钠，搅拌一段时间，制得溶液A；在水浴条件下，向一定量水中，加入表面活性剂硬脂酸钠及聚乙烯醇，搅拌制得溶液B；将溶液B和溶液A混合，静置反应一段时间，加入一定量碳酸钙，搅拌至溶解后，加入液碱调节pH值至中性，制得改性剂C；向改性剂C中，加入海泡石、粉煤灰、凹凸棒土及高岭土，研磨搅拌制得浆料D；浆料D经干燥、热处理，制得日用陶瓷复合材料。该日用陶瓷复合材料内部具有均匀的多孔结构，具有多孔质轻、机械性能良好、韧性好、耐候性好等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于陶瓷材料的制备技术，特别是一种日用陶瓷复合材料的制备方法。
背景技术
陶瓷材料是指用天然或合成化学物经过成形和高温烧结制成的一类无机非金属材料，具有熔点高、耐磨性好、耐腐蚀性强的特点，在建筑、电子器材、结构材料、刀具材料、日用陶瓷等诸多领域具有广泛应用。但是陶瓷材料也存在着一些缺陷，例如抗拉强度低、塑性低、韧性低、机械加工性能有待进一步提高。很多研究者致力于改善陶瓷材料的缺陷，以获得性能更优异的功能陶瓷，例如：CN105347781A报道了一种陶瓷材料及其制备方法。
随着人们生活水平的提高，对日用陶瓷的档次和质量的要求也逐步提高，质量轻、机械性能好、韧性高已经成为日用陶瓷领域需要迫切解决的问题，例如：CN104591707A报道了一种高石英日用陶瓷及其制备方法；CN108101571A报道了一种轻质多孔日用陶瓷。
因此，寻求质量轻、机械性能良好、韧性高、耐候性好的的日用陶瓷复合材料，已经成为陶瓷材料领域的研究热点。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于：提供一种日用陶瓷复合材料的制备方法。该日用陶瓷复合材料复合了二氧化钛、氧化铝、氧化锆、二氧化硅、硫酸钙、海泡石、粉煤灰、凹凸棒土及高岭土，具有轻质、保温、机械强度高、耐侯性好等优点。
本发明的技术解决方案是：在一定量硫酸中，加入丁醇钛、氧化铝、氧氯化锆及九水合硅酸钠，搅拌一段时间，制得溶液A；在水浴条件下，向一定量水中，加入表面活性剂硬脂酸钠及聚乙烯醇，搅拌制得溶液B；将溶液B和溶液A混合，静置反应一段时间，加入一定量碳酸钙，搅拌至溶解后，加入液碱调节pH值至中性，制得改性剂C；向改性剂C中，加入海泡石、粉煤灰、凹凸棒土及高岭土，研磨搅拌制得浆料D；浆料D经干燥、热处理，制得日用陶瓷复合材料。
所述的溶液A中，丁醇钛水解，形成“-Ti-O-”复合物，氧化铝、氧氯化锆及九水合硅酸钠在酸性条件下，形成Al3+、ZrO2+及硅酸，搅拌条件下，反应形成“-Ti-O-Al-O-”及“-Ti-O-Zr-O-”及硅酸的复合物；所述的溶液B，阴离子表面活性剂硬脂酸钠及聚乙烯醇通过分子间力相互作用，形成复合物；两者通过静电作用,碳酸钙与酸反应，形成硫酸钙，经pH值调节，得到无机-有机改性剂C；随后，经搅拌混合，得到复合改性剂C、海泡石、粉煤灰、凹凸棒土及高岭土的浆料D，聚乙烯醇起了粘结作用；浆料D经干燥、热处理，有机组份表面活性剂硬脂酸钠及聚乙烯醇被煅烧，无机组份烧结成氧化物，最终形成多孔结构的日用陶瓷复合材料。
本发明与现有技术相比，该日用陶瓷复合材料复合了二氧化钛、氧化铝、氧化锆、二氧化硅、硫酸钙、海泡石、粉煤灰、凹凸棒土及高岭土，其内部具有均匀的多孔结构，具有多孔质轻、机械性能良好、韧性好、耐候性好等优点。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明的技术解决方案，这些实施例不能理解为是对技术解决方案的限制。
实施例1：依以下步骤制备一种日用陶瓷复合材料。
步骤1：在100mL质量浓度为98%的硫酸H2SO4中，加入100.2g正丁醇钛Ti(OC4H9)4、4.5g氧化铝Al2O3、9.5g八水合氧氯化锆ZrOCl2•8H2O及20.9g九水合硅酸钠Na2SiO3•9H2O，搅拌1.5h，制得溶液A；
步骤2：在70oC水浴条件下，向200mL水中，加入15.0g表面活性剂硬脂酸钠及6.0g聚乙烯醇，搅拌1h,制得溶液B；
步骤3：将溶液B和溶液A混合，静置反应12h，加入24.0g碳酸钙CaCO3，搅拌至溶解后，加入392.5g质量浓度为30%的液碱溶液调节pH值至中性，制得改性剂C；
步骤4：向改性剂C中，加入22.6g海泡石、45.2g粉煤灰、37.6g凹凸棒土及113g高岭土，研磨搅拌6h,制得浆料D；
步骤5：浆料D经110oC干燥15h、950oC热处理15h，制得日用陶瓷复合材料。
实施例2：依以下步骤制备一种日用陶瓷复合材料。
步骤1：在100mL质量浓度为98%的硫酸H2SO4中，加入100.2g异丁醇钛Ti(OC4H9)4、7.5g氧化铝Al2O3、19.0g八水合氧氯化锆ZrOCl2•8H2O及41.8g九水合硅酸钠Na2SiO3•9H2O，搅拌3h，制得溶液A；
步骤2：在80oC水浴条件下，向200mL水中，加入25.0g表面活性剂硬脂酸钠及10.0g聚乙烯醇，搅拌1.5h,制得溶液B；
步骤3：将溶液B和溶液A混合，静置反应18h，加入36.0g碳酸钙CaCO3，搅拌至溶解后，加入355.2g质量浓度为30%的液碱溶液调节pH值至中性，制得改性剂C；
步骤4：向改性剂C中，加入46.5g海泡石、93.0g粉煤灰、77.5g凹凸棒土及193.8g高岭土，研磨搅拌10h,制得浆料D；
步骤5：浆料D经150oC干燥10h、1050oC热处理10h，制得日用陶瓷复合材料。
实施例3：依以下步骤制备一种日用陶瓷复合材料。
步骤1：在100mL质量浓度为98%的硫酸H2SO4中，加入100.2g异丁醇钛Ti(OC4H9)4、6.0g氧化铝Al2O3、14.2g八水合氧氯化锆ZrOCl2•8H2O及31.4g九水合硅酸钠Na2SiO3•9H2O，搅拌2.5h，制得溶液A；
步骤2：在75oC水浴条件下，向200mL水中，加入20.0g表面活性剂硬脂酸钠及8.0g聚乙烯醇，搅拌1.2h,制得溶液B；
步骤3：将溶液B和溶液A混合，静置反应15h，加入30.0g碳酸钙CaCO3，搅拌至溶解后，加入373.9g质量浓度为30%的液碱溶液调节pH值至中性，制得改性剂C；
步骤4：向改性剂C中，加入34.5g海泡石、69.1g粉煤灰、57.6g凹凸棒土及153.4g高岭土，研磨搅拌8h,制得浆料D；
步骤5：浆料D经130oC干燥12h、1000oC热处理12h，制得日用陶瓷复合材料。
Claims (2)
1.一种日用陶瓷复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，该制备方法是：
第一步：在一定量质量浓度为98%的硫酸H2SO4中，加入丁醇钛Ti(OC4H9)4、氧化铝Al2O3、八水合氧氯化锆ZrOCl2•8H2O及九水合硅酸钠Na2SiO3•9H2O，搅拌1.5h-3h，制得溶液A，其中，Ti(OC4H9)4占H2SO4的摩尔比例为16%，Al2O3、ZrOCl2•8H2O及Na2SiO3•9H2O占Zr(OC4H9)4的摩尔比例分别为15%-25%、10%-20%和25%-50%；
第二步：在70oC-80oC水浴条件下，向一定量水中，加入表面活性剂硬脂酸钠及聚乙烯醇，搅拌1h-1.5h,制得溶液B，其中，硬脂酸钠及聚乙烯醇占Zr(OC4H9)4的质量比例分别为15%-25%和6%-10%；
第三步：将溶液B和溶液A混合，静置反应12h-18h，加入碳酸钙CaCO3，搅拌至溶解后，加入质量浓度为30%的液碱溶液调节pH值至中性，制得改性剂C，其中，CaCO3为Zr(OC4H9)4摩尔量的0.8-1.2倍；
第四步：向改性剂C中，加入海泡石、粉煤灰、凹凸棒土及高岭土，研磨搅拌6h-10h,制得浆料D，其中，海泡石、粉煤灰、凹凸棒土及高岭土占改性剂C总质量的比例分别为3%-6%、6%-12%、5%-10%、15%-25%；
第五步：浆料D经110oC-150oC干燥10h-15h、950oC-1050oC热处理10h-15h，制得日用陶瓷复合材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种日用陶瓷复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的复合物A中，丁醇钛为正丁醇钛或异丁醇钛。
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| CN105174912A (zh) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-23 | 季红军 | 一种建筑复合陶瓷材料及其制备方法 |
| CN105254282A (zh) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-01-20 | 季红军 | 一种建筑陶瓷材料的制备方法 |
| CN105503177A (zh) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-04-20 | 季红军 | 一种电子陶瓷材料的制备方法 |
| CN105601276A (zh) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-05-25 | 季红军 | 一种电子陶瓷复合材料的制备方法 |
| CN106630999A (zh) * | 2016-10-09 | 2017-05-10 | 龚娟 | 一种电子陶瓷材料的制备方法 |
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| CN105174912A (zh) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-23 | 季红军 | 一种建筑复合陶瓷材料及其制备方法 |
| CN105254282A (zh) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-01-20 | 季红军 | 一种建筑陶瓷材料的制备方法 |
| CN105503177A (zh) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-04-20 | 季红军 | 一种电子陶瓷材料的制备方法 |
| CN105601276A (zh) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-05-25 | 季红军 | 一种电子陶瓷复合材料的制备方法 |
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