CN108931812B - A method of deformation coal is known based on mutually sentencing in transmission beam method slot wave angstrom - Google Patents
A method of deformation coal is known based on mutually sentencing in transmission beam method slot wave angstrom Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/306—Analysis for determining physical properties of the subsurface, e.g. impedance, porosity or attenuation profiles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
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Abstract
The present invention relates to coal mine gas security fields, provides and mutually sentence the method for knowing deformation coal in a kind of slot wave angstrom based on transmission beam method.According to slot wave group velocity dispersion equation, in conjunction with coal seam and country rock speed parameter, by inverting obtain angstrom in phase velocity fit angstrom in phase velocity and coal seam shear wave velocity relational expression, when one timing of country rock shear wave velocity, phase velocity is directly proportional to coal seam shear wave velocity in angstrom, the distribution of coal seam shear wave velocity can be obtained, and then predict deformation coal distribution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal mine gas security fields, and in particular to one kind is based on mutually sentencing knowledge deformation coal in transmission beam method slot wave angstrom
Method.
Background technique
The complexity of domestic coal mining geology structure develops deformation coal generally, leads to coal and gas in current coal mining
Prominent disaster is serious, therefore finds a kind of effective and feasible technology and sentence and know during deformation coal distribution situation is current Coal Exploration
Real problems that need to be solved urgently.Deformation coal detection method is many kinds of, and last century the eighties pass through geological indicator, micro- mostly
The methods of component, regional structure campaign, tectonic stress distribution carry out qualitative analysis to deformation coal distribution characteristics；After the nineties,
Quantitative analysis gradually is deep by qualitative analysis to the detection of deformation coal distribution, mainly passes through drilling extracting core, log, earthquake
The methods of data differentiates deformation coal.In recent years, as what expiloration of coal mines required constantly increases, difficulties in exploration is continued to increase, benefit
Research hotspot is budded into seismic prospecting means detection deformation coal, wherein drawing a circle to approve deformation coal by elastic impedance inversion method
Distribution causes the attention of numerous scholars, but ground excitation disturbing factor is strong, and resolution ratio is not high.To improve seismic wave detection accuracy,
Seismic wave is received in down-hole coal bed middle excitation, here it is seam seismic explorations.Slot wave is propagated in coal seam, with a large amount of in signal
Coal seam information, the most significant feature of slot wave is frequency dispersion, and spread speed changes with frequency and changed.According to its dispersion curve with
The current seam seismic exploration technology of the relationship of coal thickness achieves good effect, but slot wave application in terms of coal seam thickness
Detection aspect, which is distributed, in deformation coal rarely has research.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the method for knowing deformation coal is mutually sentenced in a kind of slot wave angstrom based on transmission beam method, to solve coal
Mine exploitation in deformation coal distribution it is difficult to predict the problem of.
To achieve the above object, the solution of the present invention includes providing one kind to be based on mutually sentencing knowledge deformation coal in transmission beam method slot wave angstrom
Method, comprising the following steps:
(1) slot wave group velocity dispersion equation is sought, the slot wave group velocity dispersion equation is slot wave group velocity about slot wave
Phase velocity, coal seam shear wave velocity, the density of seam, country rock shear wave velocity and country rock density equation；
(2) phase velocity in group velocity minimum value is exactly angstrom in the slot wave group velocity dispersion equation, thus by the slot wave
Group velocity dispersion equation transform be angstrom in phase velocity equations, phase velocity is about coal seam shear wave in phase velocity equations are angstrom in described angstrom
Speed, the density of seam, country rock shear wave velocity and country rock density equation；
(3) Phase velocity distribution in seeking angstrom；
(4) parameter in described angstrom in phase velocity equations is calculated；
(5) Phase velocity distribution in described angstrom and the parameter are brought into described angstrom phase velocity equations and obtains coal seam shear wave speed
Degree distribution；
(6) it is distributed by the coal seam shear wave velocity forecast of distribution deformation coal.
Further, the slot wave group velocity dispersion equation is according to slot wave phase velocity period equation and slot wave group velocity
It is obtained with the relation derivation of phase velocity, the slot wave group velocity dispersion equation is
Wherein u and c respectively indicates the Phase and group velocities of slot wave, ρ1For country rock density, ρ2For the density of seam, vs1And vs2
Respectively country rock shear wave velocity and coal seam shear wave velocity.
Further, it when Phase velocity distribution in seeking angstrom by mutually walking in described angstrom and carries out regularization tomographic inversion and obtains
It arrives, is determined according to the minimum value on transmission beam method slot wave group velocity dispersion equation homologous thread when mutually being walked in described angstrom.
Further, the density of seam in described angstrom in phase velocity equations is indicated by the coal seam shear wave velocity, described to enclose
Rock shear wave velocity is obtained according to country rock velocity o P wave, and the country rock velocity of longitudinal wave is according to first in channel wave seismic data
Optimal time control to wave is calculated, and the country rock density indicates by the country rock shear wave velocity.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: according to slot wave group velocity dispersion equation, phase and coal seam shear wave velocity in determining angstrom
Relationship, in conjunction with coal seam and country rock speed parameter, when phase velocity and coal seam shear wave velocity in one timing of country rock shear wave velocity, slot wave angstrom
Correlation, as angstrom in phase velocity sentence know deformation coal theoretical basis.
Pick up in slot wave angstrom when mutually walking, according to inverting obtain angstrom in phase velocity, according to angstrom in phase velocity and coal seam shear wave
The distribution of coal seam shear wave velocity can be obtained in the fit correlation formula of speed, and then achievees the purpose that predict deformation coal distribution, to reduce
Gas Outburst disaster.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is mutually to sentence the Technology Roadmap for knowing the method for deformation coal in a kind of slot wave angstrom based on transmission beam method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is slot wave Phase and group velocities relational graph；
Fig. 3 be angstrom in phase velocity and coal seam shear wave velocity relational graph；
Fig. 4 is figure when mutually walking in the pickup angstrom of embodiment road slot wave data frequency dispersion figure；
Fig. 5 be angstrom in Phase velocity distribution figure；
Fig. 6 be angstrom in phase velocity and coal seam shear wave velocity relational graph；
Fig. 7 is coal seam shear wave velocity distribution map；
Fig. 8 is deformation coal distribution map.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
The first step is it needs to be determined that slot wave group velocity dispersion equation.For rock-three layers of coal-rock symmetry model, slot wave
Phase velocity period equation are as follows:
Wherein ω is circular frequency, and d is that coal is thick, and c is Loew type groove phase velocity of wave, vs1And vs2Respectively country rock and coal seam
Shear wave velocity, and have vs2<c<vs1, μ1And μ2The respectively modulus of shearing of country rock and coal seam, n are frequency dispersion order.
Due to the π f=kc of ω=2,Wherein f is slot wave frequency, ρ1For country rock density, ρ2For coal
Layer density, so formula (1) is writeable are as follows:
Since the energy of slot wave is concentrated mainly near amplitude maximum, so group velocity is considered as slot wave energy transmission
Speed.The relationship of slot wave Phase and group velocities is as follows:
Wherein u and c respectively indicates the Phase and group velocities of slot wave, and k is circular wavenumber.It can be obtained by formula (1):
According to Formula of Derivation Calculus for Hidden Functon:
Wherein FkAnd FcIt is local derviation of the F (k, c) to k and c respectively.Convolution (3) and formula (5) have:
Due to
Substitution formula (5):
Formula (9) substitution formula (3) can be obtained:
From (2) formula
Wherein ρ1For country rock density, ρ2For the density of seam so, so formula (10) is i.e. are as follows:
It enablesP1=ρ1vs1、P2=ρ2vs2、
Then formula (13) can simplify are as follows:
From formula (14) it can be seen that slot wave group velocity must be less than phase velocity, and it can be expressed as the function of phase velocity, be
Number is related with the shear wave velocity and density in country rock and coal seam.
Country rock shear wave velocity v is taken respectivelys1=2600m/s, coal seam shear wave velocity vs2=1200m/s, country rock density p1=
2.6g/cm3, density of seam ρ2=1.2g/cm3, slot wave Phase and group velocities relational graph (Fig. 2) can be obtained, it can be seen that with phase velocity
The increase of degree, group velocity is first reduced slowly to a minimum, then is quickly increased to phase velocity maximum value.The two is not single
One linear relationship, and group velocity one and only one extreme value are minimum, i.e. phase velocity in slot wave angstrom.
Second step determines phase velocity and deformation coal relationship in slot wave angstrom.It is mutually easily identified in seismic profile in slot wave angstrom,
Information is easy to extract when it is walked, and angstrom in the mutually minimum value as slot wave group velocity, by formula (14) it is found that its speed and coal seam and
The shear wave velocity of country rock is related with density.Therefore, can by angstrom in phase velocity analyze coal seam shear wave velocity.
For coal petrography, using following two empirical equation:
vp2=1724.1 ρ2-269.33 (15)
vs2=0.49vp2+32.07 (16)
Wherein vp2For coal velocity of longitudinal wave, vs2For coal shear wave velocity, ρ2For coal density.It can be obtained in conjunction with two formulas:
Therefore, coal density can be expressed by the shear wave velocity of coal.
For country rock, rule of thumb formula has:
vp1=1.73vs1 (18)
Derivation can obtain:
ρ1=0.31 (1.73vs1)0.25 (20)
Therefore have for parameters in formula (14):
P1=ρ1vs1=0.31 (1.73vs1)0.25vs1 (23)
Above-mentioned parameter is substituted into formula (14), expression of the group velocity about coal seam shear wave velocity and country rock shear wave velocity can be obtained
Formula.Group velocity minimum value in the expression formula i.e. angstrom in phase velocity, can transform to only with coal seam shear wave velocity and country rock shear wave speed
Degree indicates.For the relationship in analyzing angstrom between phase velocity and coal seam shear wave velocity and country rock shear wave velocity, by country rock and coal seam
Shear wave velocity vs1And vs2It is considered as two variables, for different vs1And vs2, phase velocity in corresponding angstrom can be calculated.
According to forefathers' experimental data surveyed to deformation coal, country rock shear wave velocity v is takens1=1800m/s-3000m/s, coal seam shear wave velocity
vs2=500m/s-1200m/s, the relationship calculated between obtained three are as shown in Figure 3.
By to angstrom in phase velocity, coal seam shear wave velocity, country rock shear wave velocity three analysis, specify phase velocity in slot wave angstrom
Relationship between degree and coal seam shear wave velocity, when phase velocity and coal seam shear wave velocity in one timing of country rock shear wave velocity, slot wave angstrom
Correlation.Show according to the test of forefathers' many experiments room: coal seam shear wave velocity and deformation coal have close ties.Coal seam is horizontal
Wave velocity is bigger, and coal body degree of metamorphism is lower, and deformation coal agensis shows rank of coal metamorphism on the contrary, coal seam shear wave velocity is smaller
It is higher, deformation coal development.Due to angstrom in be mutually located at that slot wave dispersion curve energy is most strong, at speed minimum, ray traveltime holds
Easily pick up, thus deformation coal distribution sentence knowledge problem and can be converted into angstrom in Phase velocity distribution feature seek.
Third step carries out phase regularization tomographic inversion in slot wave angstrom.Chromatography when combining to walk according to propositions such as J.Korenaga
The method is used in transmission beam method slot wave angstrom in the inverting of phase velocity by imaging method.It is established first according to slot wave transmission data
Speed grid combines with ray bending method when mutually walking in seeking angstrom then in conjunction with shortest path, is eventually adding regularization to transmission
Tomographic inversion is mutually carried out in method slot wave angstrom, Phase velocity distribution in obtaining angstrom.Its objective function are as follows:
Wherein λhFor the horizontal smoothness constraint factor, λvFor vertical smoothness constraint factor, λpFor the damper restriction factor, to it is each about
Beam interpolation is weighted；C is the covariance matrix of data, and when d is travelling, m is slowness model.Formula (26) are solved with LSQR method.
The parameters such as four-step calculation country rock speed.According to all kinds of seismic wave optimal time controls in transmission beam method slot wave, channel wave seismic
Preliminary wave is refracted longitudinal wave in data, as follows with country rock velocity of longitudinal wave relationship:
Wherein D is that shot point arrives the distance between wave detector, and when T is travelling, other parameters are same as above.Pick up the trip of n group preliminary wave
When row, above formula is substituted into, is had according to least square fitting:
Country rock velocity of longitudinal wave v can be obtainedp1:
The v that will be acquiredp1Substitution formula (18), (19) can obtain country rock shear wave velocity and country rock density, the phase in fitting angstrom for after
Speed and the relational expression of coal seam shear wave velocity provide parameter.
5th step predicts deformation coal distribution.In conjunction with country rock shear wave velocity, density parameter, slot wave group velocity can be obtained according to formula (14)
Degree and the relational expression of coal seam shear wave velocity, phase velocity in being angstrom due to group velocity minimum value, to angstrom in phase velocity carry out
Tomographic inversion, then by inverting obtain angstrom in phase velocity be fitted to coal seam shear wave velocity, and then predict deformation coal distribution.
By taking certain mining area working face as an example, data can be calculated Analysis of Field Geotechnical Parameters, v when first break picking wave is travelleds1=2480m/s,
ρ1=2.5g/cm3。
Calculate per group velocity dispersion curve together, due to angstrom in mutually for energy in Loew type groove wave signal is most strong, amplitude
Maximum, the smallest seismic phase of group velocity, so the energy for picking up per pass Loew type groove wave dispersion curve is most strong, the smallest position of speed
Data (Fig. 4) when mutually travelling in as angstrom.
By pickup angstrom in mutually travel when carry out tomographic inversion, obtain angstrom in Phase velocity distribution figure such as Fig. 5.From inverting knot
The working face known to fruit angstrom in phase velocity it is integrally higher, blue indicates speed Spring layer, and red indicates speed low value area.It is whole
For most of region slot wave angstrom in phase velocity on 900m/s, apparent low-velocity anomal is distributed in partial region.
It the characteristics of according to travel-times of seismic first breaks in seismic data and geophone offset being linear relationship, is fitted by formula (29)
Country rock speed parameter substitutes into formula (18), (19) and phase velocity and coal seam shear wave velocity in asking group velocity minimum value to can be obtained angstrom
Relation schematic diagram it is as shown in Figure 6.
Phase velocity and coal seam shear wave velocity relational expression in being obtained angstrom using binomial fitting are as follows:
Phase velocity is positively correlated with coal seam shear wave velocity in showing angstrom, therefore when mutually travelling in picking up angstrom, tomographic inversion goes out
Angstrom in Phase velocity distribution feature it is consistent with the coal seam shear wave velocity distribution characteristics of the working face.Solving to formula (30) can obtain:
Coal seam shear wave velocity distribution map (Fig. 7) can be obtained in Phase velocity distribution in the slot wave angstrom gone out according to tomographic inversion.Due to
Coal seam shear wave velocity with angstrom in phase velocity correlation, so the velocity profile of the two is similar.According to forefathers to structure
Make the experimental result of coal speed, it is believed that deformation coal shear wave velocity is 700m/s-900m/s.It can see the working face coal seam shear wave
Speed is more scattered between the area distribution of 700-900m/s.Track is along the coal seam shear wave between the 120m-150m of side, after 310m
Speed is minimum.Coal seam shear wave velocity is minimum at adhesive tape crossheading side 150m, in addition, speed is also relatively relatively low at 230m, 280m.In
It is lower to cut coal seam shear wave velocity at intraocular side 150m.There is more apparent low regime at two inside working face.Speculate this few place's coal
The low region of layer shear wave velocity is deformation coal development belt, draws a circle to approve out deformation coal distributed areas, such as Fig. 8 accordingly.
Specific embodiment of the present invention is presented above, but the present invention is not limited to described embodiment.
Under the thinking that the present invention provides, to the skill in above-described embodiment by the way of being readily apparent that those skilled in the art
Art means are converted, are replaced, are modified, and play the role of with the present invention in relevant art means it is essentially identical, realize
Goal of the invention it is also essentially identical, the technical solution formed in this way is to be finely adjusted to be formed to above-described embodiment, this technology
Scheme is still fallen in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. mutually sentencing the method for knowing deformation coal in a kind of slot wave angstrom based on transmission beam method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) slot wave group velocity dispersion equation is sought, the slot wave group velocity dispersion equation is slot wave group velocity about slot wave phase velocity
Degree, coal seam shear wave velocity, the density of seam, country rock shear wave velocity and country rock density equation；The slot wave is Loew type groove wave；
(2) phase velocity in group velocity minimum value is exactly angstrom in the slot wave group velocity dispersion equation, thus by the slot wave group velocity
Phase velocity equations in degree dispersion equation is transformed to angstrom, phase velocity is about coal seam shear wave speed in phase velocity equations are angstrom in described angstrom
Degree, the density of seam, country rock shear wave velocity and country rock density equation；
(3) Phase velocity distribution in seeking angstrom；
(4) parameter in described angstrom in phase velocity equations is calculated；
(5) Phase velocity distribution in described angstrom and the parameter are brought into described angstrom phase velocity equations and obtains coal seam shear wave velocity point
Cloth；
(6) it is distributed by the coal seam shear wave velocity forecast of distribution deformation coal.
2. the method for knowing deformation coal is mutually sentenced in a kind of slot wave angstrom based on transmission beam method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating slot wave group velocity dispersion equation is the relation derivation according to slot wave phase velocity period equation and slot wave Phase and group velocities
It obtains, the slot wave group velocity dispersion equation is
Wherein u and c respectively indicates the Phase and group velocities of slot wave, ρ1For country rock density, ρ2For the density of seam, vs1And vs2Respectively
For country rock shear wave velocity and coal seam shear wave velocity.
3. the method for knowing deformation coal is mutually sentenced in a kind of slot wave angstrom based on transmission beam method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
It when Phase velocity distribution in seeking angstrom by mutually walking in stating angstrom and carries out regularization tomographic inversion and obtains, be root when mutually being walked in described angstrom
It is determined according to the minimum value on transmission beam method slot wave group velocity dispersion equation homologous thread.
4. the method for knowing deformation coal is mutually sentenced in a kind of slot wave angstrom based on transmission beam method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
The density of seam in stating angstrom in phase velocity equations is indicated that the country rock shear wave velocity is according to country rock by the coal seam shear wave velocity
What velocity o P wave obtained, the country rock velocity of longitudinal wave is calculated according to the optimal time control of preliminary wave in channel wave seismic data
It arrives, the country rock density is indicated by the country rock shear wave velocity.
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| CN111812714B (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2022-11-15 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Coal seam longitudinal and transverse wave velocity obtaining method based on refracted longitudinal waves and high-frequency trough waves |
| CN111624663B (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2022-12-13 | 中国煤炭地质总局地球物理勘探研究院 | Method for solving coal bed transverse wave velocity based on three-dimensional earthquake and channel wave data |
| CN116755154B (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-12-12 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | Geological structure identification method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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