CN108919123B - Brushless excitation generator measuring device and measuring method thereof - Google Patents

Brushless excitation generator measuring device and measuring method thereof Download PDF

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CN108919123B
CN108919123B CN201810945279.9A CN201810945279A CN108919123B CN 108919123 B CN108919123 B CN 108919123B CN 201810945279 A CN201810945279 A CN 201810945279A CN 108919123 B CN108919123 B CN 108919123B
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lead
generator
carbon brush
brushless
brushless excitation
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CN108919123A (en
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张永奎
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CRRC Yongji Electric Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
    • G01R31/346—Testing of armature or field windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/26—Devices for sensing voltage, or actuated thereby, e.g. overvoltage protection devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/27—Devices for sensing current, or actuated thereby

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  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
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  • Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of motor measurement, and particularly relates to a brushless excitation generator measuring device and a measuring method thereof. A brushless excitation generator comprises an oscilloscope, a shunt and a slip ring, wherein the slip ring is connected with a first wire, a second wire and a third wire, the slip ring connected with the first wire, the second wire and the third wire is respectively matched with a first carbon brush, a second carbon brush and a third carbon brush, the other ends of the first carbon brush, the second carbon brush and the third carbon brush are respectively connected with a fourth wire, a fifth wire and a sixth wire, the fifth wire is divided into two branches, one branch of the fourth wire and one branch of the fifth wire are connected to two ends of the shunt, a current detection end of the oscilloscope is connected to two ends of the shunt, and a voltage detection end of the oscilloscope is connected with the other branch of the sixth wire and the other branch. The invention can convert the rotating voltage and current signals into forbidden stable and measurable voltage and current signals, and can measure the amplitude and waveform of the rotor excitation winding of the main generator when the temperature of each winding of the brushless excitation generator rises.

Description

Brushless excitation generator measuring device and measuring method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of motor measurement, relates to measurement of current and voltage signals of a main generator rotor winding of a brushless excitation generator, and particularly relates to a brushless excitation generator measuring device and a measuring method thereof.
Background
Brushless excitation generators have been one of the most promising developments of classical synchronous generators for decades. The circuit is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the device is widely applied to the fields of small hydropower stations, ship power stations, mobile power stations, fixed power stations, emergency standby power stations, sine wave test power supplies and the like. It realizes the electrification in remote areas, and the small and medium-sized generator is also a key device in transportation equipment such as ships, modern electrified trains, internal combustion locomotives and the like. The mobile power station is one of indispensable key equipment for national defense facilities, engineering construction, offshore oil platforms, land electric-driven oil drilling machines, field exploration and the like, and the application of the brushless excitation generator is increasingly wide. The requirements for its operational reliability are also increasing.
The brushless excitation generator mainly comprises a main generator, a rotating rectification module ZL and an alternating current excitation generator, as shown in figure 1, wherein the main generator comprises a main generator rotor excitation winding L2 and a main generator stator winding DRZ; the alternating current excitation generator comprises an alternating current exciter stator excitation winding L1 and an alternating current exciter rotor winding JC; a first direct current output end and a second direct current output end of the rotary rectifying module ZL are respectively connected to a first input joint 18 and a second input joint 19 of a main generator stator winding DRZ; the rotary rectifying module ZL is connected with the alternating current exciter rotor winding JC through a three-phase intersecting flow line; the ac exciter stator excitation winding L1 is connected to a dc regulated power supply DW, the ac exciter output coil, the rotating rectifier module ZL, and the main generator rotor excitation winding L2 extend around a rotating shaft mounted on the brushless exciter generator to make coaxial rotation, and the exciter generator is well developed. The alternating current excitation generator provides three-phase alternating current, the three-phase alternating current is converted into direct current through the rotating rectification module ZL, and a magnetic field is provided for a main generator rotor winding which rotates coaxially. Adjusting the given field current of the ac exciter is equal to controlling the field of the main generator, achieving output adjustment of the main generator stator winding DRZ.
Brushless excitation generator its main advantage: the non-slip contact, i.e. the non-carbon brush, does not wear the slip ring 3 and the carbon brush and does not need to be replaced. Therefore, the two ends of the generator are very clean, and the reliability is higher. Can continuously operate for a long time, and is particularly suitable for an automatic power station. Because the rotary contact conductive part is not arranged, the spark is not generated, and the rotary contact conductive device is particularly suitable for occasions under severe environmental conditions such as inflammable gas, much dust and the like. Because the control excitation power is small, the remote automatic control is facilitated.
The method has the defects that because the output coil of the alternating current exciter and the rotating rectification module ZL rotate coaxially with the main generator rotor, the actual exciting current amplitude and waveform of the main generator rotor are difficult to directly measure on a test bed, and current harmonic analysis cannot be carried out. The rotor exciting current needs to be estimated according to relevant parameters of the motor, certain deviation exists, and once the parameters of the winding and the rectifying module are not accurately selected, the rotating rectifying module ZL and the winding are prone to failure. This not only makes maintenance difficult, but also threatens the proper functioning of the unit.
Therefore, the importance of the analysis of the actual excitation current amplitude and the waveform of the rotor of the main generator, which is related to the quality of the output power supply of the whole brushless excitation generator and the quality guarantee of the whole machine, is self-evident.
The existing test scheme for measuring the actual exciting current amplitude and waveform of the main generator rotor exciting winding L2 of the brushless excitation generator is to drive the brushless excitation generator to rotate by the towing engine 17 through the coupling 16 to output electric energy to measure the temperature rise of each winding, as shown in fig. 1, the specific steps are as follows: firstly, a voltammetry method is used for measuring the cold resistance of a main generator rotor excitation winding L2 when the brushless excitation generator is static, then the dragging machine 17 is started to reach the rated rotating speed of the brushless excitation generator, the excitation current of the dragging machine is gradually increased to enable the brushless excitation generator to reach rated test parameter values and keep the temperature rise of the main generator rotor excitation winding L2 stable, then the brushless excitation generator is rapidly braked, and the voltammetry method is still used for measuring the hot resistance of the main generator rotor excitation winding L2. The temperature rise value of the main generator rotor excitation winding L2 is calculated according to the resistance change of the main generator rotor excitation winding L2 and the heating coefficient of the copper conductor through the change of the cold and hot state resistance of the main generator rotor excitation winding L2.
According to the test method, when the temperature of each winding of the brushless excitation generator rises, the current and voltage signals of the main generator rotor excitation winding L2 cannot be measured, so that the temperature rise value of the main generator rotor excitation winding L2 is not accurately calculated, different windings and parameters of the rotary rectification module ZL are not accurately selected, and the brushless excitation generator breaks down.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the actual exciting current amplitude and waveform of a rotor exciting winding of a main generator are difficult to accurately measure in the temperature rising process of a brushless exciting alternating-current generator, and parameters of each winding and a rotating rectification module are easy to select inaccurately so that the brushless exciting generator fails, and provides a measuring device and a measuring method of the brushless exciting generator.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a brushless excitation generator measuring device comprises an oscilloscope, a shunt, a slip ring and a process dummy shaft used for replacing a rotating shaft of the brushless excitation generator, wherein the slip ring is connected with a first lead, a second lead and a third lead, the slip ring is matched with a first carbon brush, a second carbon brush and a third carbon brush correspondingly to the first lead, the second lead and the third lead, the other ends of the first carbon brush, the second carbon brush and the third carbon brush are respectively connected with a fourth lead, a fifth lead and a sixth lead, the fifth lead is divided into two branches, one branch of the fourth lead and one branch of the fifth lead are connected to two ends of the shunt, two current signal input probes of the oscilloscope are respectively connected to two ends of the shunt, and two voltage signal input probes of the oscilloscope are respectively connected with the other branch of the sixth lead and the fifth lead; the technical dummy shaft is provided with a through hole, a first lead, a second lead and a third lead penetrate through the through hole and enter a cavity of the brushless excitation generator, the first lead is connected to a first direct current output end of the rotary rectifying module, the second lead is connected to a first input joint of a rotor excitation winding of the main generator, and the third lead is connected to a second input joint of the rotor excitation winding of the main generator.
Preferably, the oscilloscope is a dual-trace oscilloscope; and voltage attenuators are arranged on voltage signal input probes of the dual-trace oscilloscope.
Preferably, the first carbon brush, the second carbon brush and the third carbon brush are all supported at the end of the slip ring through a carbon brush support seat, and the carbon brush support seat is fixedly connected to a casing of the brushless excitation generator.
The invention discloses a measuring method of a brushless excitation generator, which is realized by the measuring device of the brush excitation generator, and comprises the following specific steps:
Figure 339331DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
replacing the shaft extension of a rotating shaft of the brushless excitation generator with a process dummy shaft provided with a through hole in the axial direction, wherein the process dummy shaft is consistent with the shaft extension of the rotating shaft in size, the tail end of the through hole extends into a cavity of the brushless excitation generator, and a connecting line between a first input connector of a rotor excitation winding of a main generator on the brushless excitation generator and a first direct current output end of a rotary rectification module is disconnected; a first lead and a second leadA wire and a third wire penetrate through a through hole of the rotating shaft and enter a cavity of the brushless excitation generator, the first wire is connected to a first direct current output end of the rotating rectification module, the second wire is connected to a first input joint of a rotor excitation winding of the main generator, and the third wire is connected to a second input joint of the rotor excitation winding of the main generator;
Figure 660591DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
under the condition that the brushless excitation generator is static in a cold state, measuring and recording the cold resistance of the rotor excitation winding of the main generator through a second lead and a third lead by using a voltammetry method;
Figure 241352DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
connecting the dragging machine and the brushless excitation generator through a coupling, starting the dragging machine to enable the brushless excitation generator to reach the rated rotation speed, and enabling the output no-load voltage of a main generator stator winding of the brushless excitation generator to reach the rated voltage of the brushless excitation generator and the temperature rise of a main generator stator core to be stable by adjusting a direct-current stabilized power supply;
Figure 40681DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
during the temperature rise test, measuring a current signal of the current divider by using a dual-trace oscilloscope, displaying and recording the waveform of the current signal on the oscilloscope, and measuring and recording the amplitude and the waveform of the voltage at the two ends of the second lead and the third lead;
Figure 891962DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
after the temperature rise of the main generator rotor excitation winding is stable, the dragging machine is quickly braked, the thermal state resistance between the first input connector and the second input connector of the main generator rotor excitation winding is measured and recorded by still using a voltammetry method, and the temperature rise value of the main generator rotor excitation winding is calculated according to the resistance change of the main generator rotor excitation winding and the heating coefficient of the copper conductor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can convert the rotating voltage and current signals into forbidden stable and measurable voltage and current signals, can measure the amplitude and waveform of the main generator rotor excitation winding (namely the direct current electric quantity output by the alternating current exciter through the rotating rectification module) when the temperature of each winding of the brushless excitation generator rises, plays a key role in harmonic analysis of the main generator excitation winding current, can enable the selection of each winding and the rotating rectification module to be more accurate, and provides effective guarantee for the precise design of the brushless excitation generator and the reduction of the accident rate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a half-section structure of a brushless excitation generator in the background art of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a brushless excitation generator according to the background of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an installation structure of the brushless excitation generator testing device according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of the brushless excitation generator testing device according to the present invention after being mounted on the brushless excitation generator.
In the figure: DW-direct current stabilized power supply; l1-ac exciter stator field winding; l2-main generator rotor field winding; JC-alternating current exciter rotor winding; ZL-a rotating rectification module; DRZ-main generator stator winding; 1-an oscilloscope; 2-a flow divider; 3-a slip ring; 4-a first wire; 5-a second wire; 6-a third wire; 7-a first carbon brush; 8-a second carbon brush; 9-a third carbon brush; 10-a fourth wire; 11-a fifth wire; 12-a sixth wire; 13-a carbon brush support seat; 14-a housing; 15-process dummy shaft; 16-shaft coupling; 17-a prime mover; 18-a first input connector; 19-second input connection.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 3, a measurement apparatus and a measurement method for a brushless excitation generator according to the present invention will be described.
A brushless excitation generator measuring device comprises an oscilloscope 1, a current divider 2, a slip ring 3 and a process dummy shaft 15 for replacing a rotating shaft of the brushless excitation generator, the slip ring 3 is connected with a first lead 4, a second lead 5 and a third lead 6, the slip ring 3 is matched with a first carbon brush 7, a second carbon brush 8 and a third carbon brush 9 corresponding to the first lead 4, the second lead 5 and the third lead 6, the other ends of the first carbon brush 7, the second carbon brush 8 and the third carbon brush 9 are respectively connected with a fourth lead 10, a fifth lead 11 and a sixth lead 12, the fifth wire 11 is branched into two branches, one branch of the fourth wire 10 and the fifth wire 11 is connected to both ends of the shunt 2, two current signal input probes of the oscilloscope 1 are respectively connected to two ends of the current divider 2, and two voltage signal input probes of the oscilloscope 1 are respectively connected with the other branch of the sixth lead 12 and the fifth lead 11; the technical dummy shaft 15 is provided with a through hole, a first lead 4, a second lead 5 and a third lead 6 penetrate through the through hole and enter a cavity of the brushless excitation generator, the first lead 4 is connected to a first direct current output end of a rotary rectifying module ZL, the second lead 5 is connected to a first input joint 18 of a main generator rotor excitation winding L2, and the third lead 6 is connected to a second input joint 19 of a main generator rotor excitation winding L2.
Further, as a specific embodiment of the measuring device of the brushless excitation generator according to the present invention, the oscilloscope 1 is a dual-trace oscilloscope; and voltage attenuators are arranged on voltage signal input probes of the dual-trace oscilloscope.
Further, as an embodiment of the measuring apparatus of the brushless excitation generator according to the present invention, the first carbon brush 7, the second carbon brush 8, and the third carbon brush 9 are all supported at an end of the slip ring 3 through a carbon brush support base 13, and the carbon brush support base 13 is fixedly connected to a casing 14 of the brushless excitation generator.
A measuring method based on a brushless excitation generator measuring device is realized by the brush excitation generator measuring device, and comprises the following specific steps:
Figure 885588DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
replacing the shaft extension of a rotating shaft of the brushless excitation generator with a process dummy shaft 15 provided with a through hole in the axial direction, wherein the dimension of the process dummy shaft 15 is consistent with that of the shaft extension of the rotating shaft, the tail end of the through hole extends into a cavity of the brushless excitation generator, and a connecting line between a first input connector 18 of a rotor excitation winding L2 of a main generator on the brushless excitation generator and a first direct current output end of a rotating rectification module ZL is disconnected; penetrating a first lead wire 4, a second lead wire 5 and a third lead wire 6 into a cavity of the brushless excitation generator from a through hole of the rotating shaft, wherein the first lead wire 4 is connected to a first direct current output end of the rotating rectification module ZL, the second lead wire 5 is connected to a first input connector 18 of a main generator rotor excitation winding L2, and the third lead wire 6 is connected to a second input connector 19 of a main generator rotor excitation winding L2;
Figure 189530DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
under the condition that the brushless excitation generator is static in a cold state, measuring and recording the cold resistance of the main generator rotor excitation winding L2 through the second lead 5 and the third lead 6 by using a voltammetry method;
Figure 526971DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
connecting the dragging machine 17 with the brushless excitation generator through a coupling 16, then starting the dragging machine 17 to enable the brushless excitation generator to reach the rated rotating speed, and enabling the output no-load voltage of a main generator stator winding DRZ of the brushless excitation generator to reach the rated voltage of the brushless excitation generator and enable a main generator stator iron core to be stable by adjusting a direct-current stabilized voltage power supply DW;
Figure 763917DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
during the temperature rise test, the dual-trace oscilloscope 1 is used for measuring the current signal of the current divider 2, the waveform of the current signal is displayed and recorded on the oscilloscope 1, and the amplitude and the waveform of the voltage at the two ends of the second lead 5 and the third lead 6 are measured and recorded;
Figure 196953DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
after the temperature of the main generator rotor excitation winding L2 is stable, the tractor 17 is quickly braked, the thermal state resistance between the first input joint 18 and the second input joint 19 of the main generator rotor excitation winding L2 is measured and recorded by still using the voltammetry, and the temperature rise value of the main generator rotor excitation winding L2 is calculated according to the resistance change of the main generator rotor excitation winding L2 and the heating coefficient of a copper conductor. The tractor 17 is braked rapidly, typically within 45s-60 s.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A brushless excitation generator measuring device is characterized by comprising an oscilloscope (1), a current divider (2), a slip ring (3) and a process dummy shaft (15) for replacing a rotating shaft of the brushless excitation generator, wherein the slip ring (3) is connected with a first lead (4), a second lead (5) and a third lead (6), a first carbon brush (7), a second carbon brush (8) and a third carbon brush (9) are matched on the slip ring (3) corresponding to the first lead (4), the second lead (5) and the third lead (6), the other ends of the first carbon brush (7), the second carbon brush (8) and the third carbon brush (9) are respectively connected with a fourth lead (10), a fifth lead (11) and a sixth lead (12), the fifth lead (11) is divided into two branches, one branch of the fourth lead (10) and the fifth lead (11) is connected to two ends of the current divider (2), two current signal input probes of the oscilloscope (1) are respectively connected to two ends of the current divider (2), and two voltage signal input probes of the oscilloscope (1) are respectively connected with the other branch of the sixth lead (12) and the fifth lead (11); the technical dummy shaft (15) is provided with a through hole, a first lead (4), a second lead (5) and a third lead (6) penetrate through the through hole and enter a cavity of the brushless excitation generator, the first lead (4) is connected to a first direct current output end of a rotary rectifying module (ZL), the second lead (5) is connected to a first input joint (18) of a main generator rotor excitation winding (L2), and the third lead (6) is connected to a second input joint (19) of the main generator rotor excitation winding (L2).
2. A brushless excited generator measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the oscilloscope (1) is a dual trace oscilloscope.
3. A brushless excitation generator measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the voltage signal input probes of the dual trace oscilloscope are each provided with a voltage attenuator.
4. A brushless excitation generator measuring device according to claim 3, wherein the first carbon brush (7), the second carbon brush (8) and the third carbon brush (9) are supported at the end of the slip ring (3) by a carbon brush support base (13), and the carbon brush support base (13) is fixedly connected to a housing (14) of the brushless excitation generator.
5. A measuring method based on a brushless excitation generator measuring device is characterized by being realized by the brush excitation generator measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and comprising the following specific steps:
Figure 201733DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
replacing the shaft extension of a rotating shaft of the brushless excitation generator with a process dummy shaft (15) provided with a through hole in the axial direction, wherein the dimension of the process dummy shaft (15) is consistent with that of the shaft extension of the rotating shaft, the tail end of the through hole extends into a cavity of the brushless excitation generator, and a connecting line between a first input joint (18) of a main generator rotor excitation winding (L2) on the brushless excitation generator and a first direct current output end of a rotary rectifying module (ZL) is disconnected; penetrating a first lead (4), a second lead (5) and a third lead (6) into a cavity of the brushless excitation generator from a through hole of the rotating shaft, wherein the first lead (4) is connected to a first direct current output end of a rotating rectification module (ZL), the second lead (5) is connected to a first input connector (18) of a main generator rotor excitation winding (L2), and the third lead (6) is connected to a second input connector (19) of the main generator rotor excitation winding (L2);
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
under the condition that the brushless excitation generator is static in a cold state, measuring and recording the cold resistance of an excitation winding (L2) of a rotor of the main generator through a second lead (5) and a third lead (6) by using a voltammetry method;
Figure 479393DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
the dragging machine (17) is connected with the brushless excitation generator through a coupling (16), then the dragging machine (17) is started to enable the brushless excitation generator to reach the rated rotating speed, and the output no-load voltage of a main generator stator winding (DRZ) of the brushless excitation generator is enabled to reach the rated voltage of the brushless excitation generator and enable the temperature rise of a main generator stator core to be stable through adjusting a direct current stabilized power supply (DW);
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
during the temperature rise test, a dual-trace oscilloscope (1) is used for measuring the current signal of the current divider (2) and the waveform of the current signal is displayed on the oscilloscope (1)Displaying and recording, and measuring and recording the voltage amplitude and the waveform of the two ends of the fifth lead (11) and the sixth lead (12);
Figure 383764DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
after the temperature rise of the main generator rotor excitation winding (L2) is stable, the dragging machine (17) is quickly braked, the thermal state resistance between the first input connector (18) and the second input connector (19) of the main generator rotor excitation winding (L2) is measured and recorded by still using a voltammetry method, and the temperature rise value of the main generator rotor excitation winding (L2) is calculated according to the resistance change of the main generator rotor excitation winding (L2) and the heating coefficient of a copper conductor.
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CN110808658A (en) * 2019-09-26 2020-02-18 中车永济电机有限公司 Brushless synchronous main generator rotor structure
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CN102564626A (en) * 2012-02-06 2012-07-11 北京广利核***工程有限公司 Method for measuring temperature of rotor of brushless exciter under real-time working condition
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