CN106443318B - Hydraulic generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit diagnostic method based on core through screw rod - Google Patents
Hydraulic generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit diagnostic method based on core through screw rod Download PDFInfo
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- CN106443318B CN106443318B CN201611156365.9A CN201611156365A CN106443318B CN 106443318 B CN106443318 B CN 106443318B CN 201611156365 A CN201611156365 A CN 201611156365A CN 106443318 B CN106443318 B CN 106443318B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/72—Testing of electric windings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
- G01R31/346—Testing of armature or field windings
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of hydraulic generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit diagnostic method based on core through screw rod, this method chooses one section of stator iron core of hydraulic generator core through screw rod, measurement line is drawn in gap outward between its both ends is by stator core segment, data acquisition device is connected by measurement line, acquires the induced voltage of core through screw rod in real time using on-line acquisition system.Real-time data processing is carried out to collected core through screw rod induced voltage, when comparing the inswept core through screw rod of same position of different magnetic poles on core through screw rod induced voltage deviation, when voltage difference exceeds given threshold, determining the hydrogenerator, there are rotor interturn short-circuit failures.The present invention can improve the deficiencies in the prior art, improve the diagnostic level of such failure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of generators, especially a kind of hydraulic generator rotor winding turns based on core through screw rod
Between short-circuit diagnostic method.
Background technique
In recent years, rotor interturn short-circuit failure had occurred in many hydrogenerators, and reported turn-to-turn together is short
Road failure even causes the movement of hydrogenerator transverse differential protection, therefore, the rotor interturn short-circuit event of hydrogenerator
Barrier should cause enough attention.
The rotor windings of hydrogenerator are centralization, completely different with the distributed winding of steam turbine generator.Once water
There is shorted-turn fault in turbine generator, and the magnetic field of failure pole is weakened, and the magnetic field of two magnetic poles extremely adjacent with failure also can
It is affected by it and is weakened, cause the unilateral magnetic force of entire generator failure side to decline, work of the rotor by unbalanced magnetic pull
With serious turn-to-turn short circuit may cause the high vibration of hydrogenerator, this phenomenon some hydraulic generators at home
Occur on machine.
In recent years, the hydraulic generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit diagnostic method being commonly used is also in offline horizontal, often
Using D.C. resistance comparison method, AC impedance and power loss method, alternating current-direct current branch pressure voltage method etc..These methods require
It is tested on each magnetic pole of rotor windings, by D.C. resistance, AC impedance and the power loss etc. that compare each magnetic pole
Data judge hydrogenerator with the presence or absence of rotor interturn short-circuit failure, and diagnostic method falls behind, and process takes a long time, causes
The unit outage time is long, wastes water resource.It is therefore proposed that having highly sensitive and reliability hydraulic generator rotor winding
Turn-to-turn short circuit inline diagnosis method is very urgent.
In terms of the rotor interturn short-circuit fault diagnosis of steam turbine generator, it has already been proposed some on-line checkings
Method, but these methods are not particularly suited for hydrogenerator, and this is because: hydrogenerator up to tens of pairs of poles, revolving speed is low, empty
Between size it is big, the branch of stator winding is more.Shorted-turn fault, which occurs, for the rotor windings of a certain magnetic pole only influences local phase
Powered-down tolerance, the influence to entire generator is relatively small, therefore, traditional exciting current method, fictitious power method, desired potential
Method, shaft voltage method and brow leakage etc. are difficult delicately to detect the rotor interturn short-circuit failure of hydrogenerator.Water wheels
The rotor of generator is salient-pole structure, and winding is centralization, and the commonly used conventional detection coil method of steam turbine generator is also uncomfortable
For hydrogenerator, because the real work part of conventional detection coil is its probe, probe size is smaller, from stator iron
Gap reaches near rotor in the heart, detects the leakage magnetic flux at each tooth socket mouth of rotor, and the pole dimension of hydrogenerator is big, without picture
Slot leakage flux is also just not present in the same tooth slot structure of steam turbine generator, and therefore, conventional detection coil is not particularly suited for water wheels hair
The detection of motor rotor winding interturn short-circuit.Also after having part document analysis hydraulic generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit failure
Stator current and exciting current harmonic characteristic, it is believed that rotor interturn short-circuit failure can be diagnosed by features described above,
The disadvantages of the method are as follows yet there are no and applied on hydrogenerator without fault location function.Furthermore some documents
Stator parallel branch circulation problem caused by rotor interturn short-circuit is paid close attention to, some hydrogenerators are in stator parallel branch
On be mounted with current transformer, but be only used to provide data to transverse differential protection at present, it is short to have no that it is applied to rotor windings turn-to-turn
The inline diagnosis of road failure.
In short, although being attached great importance at present to the rotor interturn short-circuit fault diagnosis of hydrogenerator, it is practical and
The online test method haveing excellent performance is seriously deficient, therefore, it is necessary to further increase the diagnostic level of such failure, exploitation is new
Hydraulic generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit online test method.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of hydraulic generator rotor winding inter-turn based on core through screw rod
Short-circuit diagnostic method, is able to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, improves the diagnostic level of such failure.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows.
A kind of hydraulic generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit diagnostic method based on core through screw rod, takes generator stator core
One section of core through screw rod, measurement line is drawn in gap outward between its both ends is by stator core segment, acquires punching by lead-out wire
The induced voltage of screw rod;Acquire the induced voltage of core through screw rod in real time using on-line acquisition system, and to collected induced electricity
Pressure carries out real-time data processing, when comparing the inswept core through screw rod of same position of different magnetic poles on core through screw rod induced voltage
Deviation, when voltage difference exceed given threshold when, determining the hydrogenerator, there are rotor interturn short-circuit failures.
Preferably, when the inswept core through screw rod of the same position of different magnetic poles on core through screw rod the deviation of induced voltage with
Rotor interturn short-circuit fault degree is directly proportional.
Preferably, by the history electricity of the real-time voltage value that the core through screw rod of acquisition exports and the integral multiple for being separated by 0.02S
Pressure data are compared, deviation are as follows:
Δ U=U (t)-U (t-k × 0.02)
Determine that there are rotor interturn short-circuit failures for hydrogenerator when Δ U is more than given threshold;Wherein, U is
Voltage value, t are acquisition time, and k is positive integer.
Preferably, failure determination threshold is set as 0.5V.
Brought beneficial effect is by adopting the above technical scheme: diagnostic method of the invention is not needed in hydraulic generator
Sensor is installed inside machine, it, only need to be in core through screw rod using the stator core through screw rod of hydrogenerator as magnetic field probe
Magnetic-field measurement can be completed in upper extraction measurement lead, implements fool proof, conveniently.This method is it can be found that hydrogenerator
The slighter shorted-turn fault of rotor, can the rotor windings state of insulation to hydrogenerator monitor on-line, this is right
In prevent hydraulic generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit failure deteriorate, reduce the unplanned outage time caused by economic loss and
It improves stability of power system and suffers from significance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the excitation magnetic potential schematic diagram after rotor interturn short-circuit;
Fig. 2 is the core through screw rod and measuring principle schematic diagram of hydrogenerator part;
Fig. 3 is that hydrogenerator 2 ties up simulation model;
Fig. 4 is that hydrogenerator 2 ties up simulation model Local map;
Fig. 5 is the partial enlarged view at the position A in Fig. 3;
Core through screw rod when Fig. 6 is normal hydrogenerator zero load rotor magnetic pole winding, short circuit 10% and short circuit 20%
The radial flux density at place;
Punching when Fig. 7 is normal hydrogenerator nominal load rotor magnetic pole winding, short circuit 10% and short circuit 20%
Radial flux density at screw rod;
Core through screw rod when Fig. 8 is normal hydrogenerator zero load rotor magnetic pole winding, short circuit 10% and short circuit 20%
Induced voltage;
Punching when Fig. 9 is normal hydrogenerator nominal load rotor magnetic pole winding, short circuit 10% and short circuit 20%
Screw rod induced voltage;
Detection coil output voltage and preceding 0.06S when Figure 10 is hydrogenerator zero load rotor magnetic pole winding short circuit 10%
The deviation of moment voltage.
In figure: 1, failure magnetic pole, 2, normal magnetic pole, 3, stator core, 4, rotor magnetic pole, 5, rotor windings, 6, stator around
Group, 7, core through screw rod, the insulating layer between 8, core through screw rod and iron core, 9, amortisseur bar, 10, data acquisition and analytical equipment, 11, fixed
Gap between sub- stack of lamination.
Specific embodiment
The standardized element used in the present invention can commercially, and shaped piece is according to specification and attached drawing
Record can carry out customized, and the specific connection type of each part is all made of in the prior art mature bolt, rivet, weldering
The conventional means such as connect, paste, this will not be detailed here.
Each symbol inventory in text are as follows: ωr, rotor rotation mechanical angular speed;Br, magnetic flux density radial component;L, punching
The effective length of screw rod;R, core through screw rod is at a distance from rotor center;V, movement velocity of the core through screw rod relative to radial magnetic field;
Ff, excitation magnetic potential;θr, along the mechanical angle of rotor circumference;P, the number of pole-pairs of hydrogenerator;T, the time;K, positive integer, 1≤k
≤P-1;U, core through screw rod induced voltage.
A specific embodiment of the invention the following steps are included:
One section of generator stator core core through screw rod is taken, survey is drawn in gap outward between its both ends is by stator core segment
Line is measured, the induced voltage of core through screw rod is acquired by lead-out wire;Acquire the induction of core through screw rod in real time using on-line acquisition system
Voltage, and real-time data processing is carried out to collected induced voltage, compare the inswept punching spiral shell of same position of different magnetic poles
The deviation of induced voltage determines that the hydrogenerator exists and turns when voltage difference exceeds given threshold on core through screw rod when bar
Sub- winding interturn short-circuit failure.
When the same position of different magnetic poles is inswept core through screw rod on core through screw rod induced voltage deviation and rotor windings
Shorted-turn fault degree is directly proportional.
Failure determination threshold is set as 0.5V.
The rotor windings of hydrogenerator are centralized configuration, when turn-to-turn short circuit occurs for the part winding of rotor magnetic pole
Afterwards, being short-circuited winding internal current is zero, and the effective turn of the magnetic pole is reduced, and generated excitation magnetic potential is significantly less than normal magnetic flux
Fig. 1 is seen in pole.
The stator core loosening of hydrogenerator in order to prevent needs to be fixed by core through screw rod.Core through screw rod with
The length of stator core is suitable, the hole in punching, and the gap between hole on core through screw rod and punching is filled out with insulation
It fills, prevents from causing iron core to burn out because iron core is caused to overheat for short circuit.The end of core through screw rod passes through cross-over block and core inductance,
Each screw rod is prevented to be shorted by iron core.
The core through screw rod of hydrogenerator and stator core maintain good insulation, are through entire generator unit stator iron
The insulated electric conductor of the heart, this provides natural sensor for the detection of rotor interturn short-circuit failure.In addition, generator unit stator
Iron core uses segmentation structure along axial, is hydrogen circulation path between section and section, this is provided for measurement core through screw rod voltage
The installation space of lead.Set forth herein, to back of stator core lead, measure punching at the both ends of one section of core through screw rod of generator
The induced voltage of screw rod, is shown in Fig. 2.
In generator amature rotary course, radial magnetic field cuts core through screw rod, the induced voltage on core through screw rod, punching
The induced voltage of screw rod can be indicated with following formula:
U=BrLv=BrLωrR
By above formula: due to L, ωr, R be constant, therefore, the induction voltage waveform of core through screw rod and punching spiral shell
The radial component waveform of air gap flux density at bar is identical.Under normal circumstances, magnetic field is complete to hydraulic generator rotor winding
Symmetrically, the voltage magnitude that each magnetic pole incudes on core through screw rod is also equal;After rotor interturn short-circuit occurs, generator magnetic
Field becomes asymmetric, and the voltage that failure pole incudes on core through screw rod is lower than normal magnetic pole, can diagnose water according to this feature
The rotor interturn short-circuit failure of turbine generator.
Finite element stimulation is carried out using certain 550MW hydrogenerator as example below, the parameter of the unit is shown in Table 1.
1 Parameters of Hydro-generator of table
The hydrogenerator 2 built ties up simulation model and sees that Fig. 3, Local map are shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.
Emulation is divided into two kinds of operating conditions and carries out, i.e., generator zero load voltage rating runs and with rated load operation, punching spiral shell
Bar and generator center of circle distance R=6.22m, the mechanical angular speed of rotor rotation
Movement velocity v=ω of the radial component of air gap flux density relative to core through screw rodrR=14.96 × 6.22=93.0512m/s.?
0.1m length is intercepted on generator core through screw rod, outside extraction voltage measures line, the radial direction point of generator main field at its both ends
Amount cuts core through screw rod with synchronous speed, according to gesture e=BrAt the output voltage and core through screw rod of this section of core through screw rod known to Lv
Radial magnetic flux density waveform having the same.
Normal rotor magnetic pole winding, short circuit 10% and short circuit 20% is respectively set, obtained generator main field is radial
Component is as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7:
Can be seen that no matter hydrogenerator is unloaded or load running from Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, when rotor windings are normal, respectively
The radial component size of magnetic pole and magnetic field is essentially identical;After shorted-turn fault occurs for certain magnetic pole winding, the diameter of the magnetic pole and magnetic field
It is significantly less than the normal situation of magnetic pole (elliptic region) to component, is influenced by pole field weakening, adjacent with the magnetic pole two
The radial component of a magnetic pole and magnetic field is also weakened (rectangular area).
The induced voltage situation of core through screw rod when Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 is generator difference degree of short circuit, in figure 5 it can be seen that by rotor
The influence of winding interturn short-circuit, induced voltage of the failure magnetic pole on core through screw rod are significantly lower than the induced voltage of normal magnetic pole
Value.Therefore, when can use the inswept core through screw rod of the same position of different magnetic poles on core through screw rod induced voltage deviation as
Failure criterion can specifically be implemented according to the following steps:
The history voltage data of the real-time voltage value that the core through screw rod of acquisition exports and the integral multiple for being separated by 0.02S is carried out
Compare, deviation are as follows:
Δ U=U (t)-U (t-k × 0.02)
Can determine that hydrogenerator when Δ U is more than given threshold, there are rotor interturn short-circuit failures.
For example, by taking generator idle running and rotor magnetic pole winding short circuit 10% as an example, by working as core through screw rod output
Preceding voltage value is compared with the core through screw rod output voltage values of preceding 0.06S moment (k=2), obtains one swing circle of rotor
The deviation of two groups of voltages is shown in Figure 10 in (0.42S).There are the biggish direct impulse of an amplitude and an amplitude are biggish by Figure 10
Negative-going pulse, at the time of wherein direct impulse is failure magnetic pole inswept core through screw rod, at this moment core through screw rod induced voltage and 0.06S
The voltage that the normal magnetic pole at preceding moment incudes on core through screw rod has apparent deviation;After 0.06S, normal magnetic pole is inswept
Core through screw rod, the voltage that at this moment failure magnetic pole incudes on core through screw rod are as historical data (moment before 0.06S) and current
What data compared, therefore there is also an apparent deviations.
As it can be seen that when hydraulic generator rotor winding is there are when shorted-turn fault, in a swing circle of rotor
In (0.42S), above-mentioned voltage difference waveform will generate 2 biggish pulses of amplitude, a direct impulse and a negative-going pulse,
The distance of positive and negative pulse is related to k, and k value is bigger, and the distance between positive and negative pulse is bigger.If turn-to-turn short circuit is not present in rotor windings
Failure, then voltage difference waveform will not have the biggish pulse of amplitude to occur.Hydrogenerator can be diagnosed according to features described above
Whether rotor interturn short-circuit failure is occurred.
Amplitude difference using core through screw rod induced voltage at different magnetic poles can go out steam turbine generator with efficient diagnosis
Rotor interturn short-circuit failure, it can be found that the rotor interturn short-circuit failure that hydrogenerator is slighter, with rotor
The exacerbation of winding interturn short-circuit degree, core through screw rod difference in magnitude mutation of induced voltage at different magnetic poles is big, therefore, this method
It can also reflect the severity and development trend of rotor interturn short-circuit failure.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside" is based on attached drawing institute
The orientation or positional relationship shown is merely for convenience of the description present invention, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must
There must be specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of hydraulic generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit diagnostic method based on core through screw rod, it is characterised in that: take power generation
One section of machine stator iron core core through screw rod, measurement line is drawn in gap outward between its both ends is by stator core segment, passes through extraction
The induced voltage of line acquisition core through screw rod;Acquire the induced voltage of core through screw rod in real time using on-line acquisition system, and to acquisition
The induced voltage that arrives carries out real-time data processing, in core through screw rod when comparing the inswept core through screw rod of same position of different magnetic poles
The deviation of upper induced voltage determines that there are rotor interturn short-circuits for the hydrogenerator when voltage difference exceeds given threshold
Failure;
Core through screw rod is identical as the length of stator core, the hole in punching, between the hole on core through screw rod and punching between
Gap is filled with insulation, prevents from causing iron core to burn out because iron core is caused to overheat for short circuit;The end of core through screw rod passes through insulation
Cushion block and core inductance prevent each screw rod to be shorted to form cage modle short-circuit structure by iron core;
The core through screw rod of hydrogenerator and stator core maintain good insulation, are through entire generator stator core
Insulated electric conductor, this provides natural sensor for the detection of rotor interturn short-circuit failure;In addition, generator stator core
Segmentation structure is used along axial, is hydrogen circulation path between section and section, this provides lead for measurement core through screw rod voltage
Installation space;
In generator amature rotary course, radial magnetic field cuts core through screw rod, the induced voltage on core through screw rod, core through screw rod
Induction voltage waveform it is identical with the radial component waveform of the air gap flux density at core through screw rod;Hydraulic generator rotor winding
Under normal circumstances, magnetic field is full symmetric, and the voltage magnitude that each magnetic pole incudes on core through screw rod is also equal;Occur rotor around
After group turn-to-turn short circuit, generator field becomes asymmetric, and the voltage that failure pole incudes on core through screw rod is lower than normal magnetic pole, root
According to the rotor interturn short-circuit failure of this feature diagnosis hydrogenerator.
2. the hydraulic generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit diagnostic method according to claim 1 based on core through screw rod,
Be characterized in that: when the same position of different magnetic poles is inswept core through screw rod on core through screw rod induced voltage deviation and rotor windings
Shorted-turn fault degree is directly proportional.
3. the hydraulic generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit diagnostic method according to claim 1 based on core through screw rod,
Be characterized in that: by the history voltage data of the real-time voltage value that the core through screw rod of acquisition exports and the integral multiple for being separated by 0.02S into
Row compares, deviation are as follows:
Δ U=U (t)-U (t-k × 0.02)
Determine that there are rotor interturn short-circuit failures for hydrogenerator when Δ U is more than given threshold;Wherein, U is voltage
Value, t is acquisition time, and k is positive integer.
4. the hydraulic generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit diagnostic method according to claim 3 based on core through screw rod,
Be characterized in that: failure determination threshold is set as 0.5V.
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CN109738796B (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2021-07-06 | 华北电力大学(保定) | Nuclear power half-speed steam turbine generator excitation winding fault diagnosis device and diagnosis method |
CN111308345B (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2021-10-22 | 清华大学 | Method and system for detecting electrical fault of brushless exciter and storage medium |
CN112034344A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-04 | 北京华科同安监控技术有限公司 | Real-time online diagnosis method for turn-to-turn short circuit fault of rotor winding of hydraulic generator |
CN114779073B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2023-10-13 | 东方电气集团东方电机有限公司 | Stator core compression state fault detection device, detection method, generator set monitoring system and computer readable storage medium |
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CN2185899Y (en) * | 1993-08-12 | 1994-12-21 | 湖北省电力试验研究所 | Generator rotor winding dynamic short-circuit in line testing device |
CN100561246C (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2009-11-18 | 西安交通大学 | Load behavior is discerned the method for generator rotor interturn short-circuit fault down automatically |
CN101592698B (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2011-10-05 | 贵阳新光电气有限公司 | Method and device for online monitoring and positioning turn-to-turn short circuit for rotator of water wheel generator |
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CN103713235B (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2016-06-22 | 华北电力大学(保定) | Rotor of steam turbo generator interturn short-circuit failure diagnosing method based on end distortion effect |
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