CN108918828A - A kind of side slope or the indoor model test method that comes down - Google Patents
A kind of side slope or the indoor model test method that comes down Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of side slope or landslide indoor model test methods, belong to geotechnical engineering Eccentric Loads in Layered Soils and Research field.Model is made in model box body, reaction beam (5) is adjusted to suitable position by adjusting nut (6), adjust bidirectional hydraulic jack (1), force snesor (2), fixing piece (4) composition loading module to suitable position, other sensors are laid, hydraulic control system is started.The transformation of loading mode is very convenient, and first level loading mode, which is converted to the second horizontal addload mode only, must adjust the position of corresponding nut and loading module；Horizontal addload Mode change is that reaction frame only must integrally be removed and be connected to the vertical connector of cabinet by vertical loading mode, then adjusts the position of each corresponding nut and loading module.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geotechnical engineering Eccentric Loads in Layered Soils and Research fields, are mainly used for the mould of side slope (landslide) and friction pile
Type experimental study.
Background technique
Side slope (landslide) is common engineering problem, and friction pile is a kind of supporting construction of important side slope (landslide), room
Indoors modeling test is the important means for studying its bearing capacity characteristics, and indoor model case mostly uses separation loading method at present, i.e., will
Model casing and counterforce device are anchored to ground respectively, and loading module is arranged between the two.
Separation loaded type model casing has its limitation and deficiency：The position of (1) loading module adjusts inconvenient；(2)
A set of counterforce device is only used for a kind of loading method (horizontal or vertical)；(3) counterforce device cost of manufacture is high；(4) function
Can be single, it is inconvenient.
Summary of the invention
This model casing is improved on the basis of separate type stress model case, and model cabinet frame and counterforce device use type
Steel and standard component production, peace, which is torn open, to be simple and convenient to operate, and cost is relatively low, can carry out indoor mould to a variety of practical geotechnical engineering problems
Type test, mainly solves following technical problem：(1) counterforce device is directly connected to model cabinet frame, forms the anti-of self-balancing
Force system does not need that counterforce device additionally is arranged.(2) (horizontal or vertical) conversion of loading method is convenient.(3) loading device is constituted
Independent module, position (4) model casing rear baffle separation design easy to adjust, easy cleaning cast material after the completion of test.
When therefore, using the laboratory test research of this model casing progress pile foundation or friction pile, experimentation cost will be greatly reduced,
Accelerate test progress, improves the reliability of test data.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that a kind of side slope or landslide indoor model test method, this method pass through multi-functional
Self-balanced loading model test box realizes that the model casing is made of counter-force loading system and the big system of model box body two, the mould
Molding box cabinet is made up of fashioned iron welding and bolted mode.
Counter-force loading system includes bidirectional hydraulic jack (1), force snesor (2), oil-way pipe (3), screw rod (4), counter-force
Beam (5), high strength nut (6), gasket (7), high-strength screw rod (9) and high-strength bolt (14)；Wherein reaction beam (5) is divided into perpendicular
To reaction beam and horizontal direction reaction beam, model box body by four horizontal high-strength bolts (9) and high-strength nut (6) respectively with
Two horizontal direction reaction beam connections, vertical reaction beam are supported on two horizontal direction reaction beams, use high-strength bolt (9) at support
It is tightened with high-strength nut (6), is equipped with gasket (7) between high-strength bolt (9) and high-strength nut (6)；Loading module passes through screw rod (4)
It is fixed on vertical reaction beam (5) with high strength nut (6)；Vertical reaction beam and horizontal direction reaction beam are equipped with high-strength bolt
(14)；Bidirectional hydraulic jack (1) is mounted on the centre of vertical reaction beam, the mandril and model casing of bidirectional hydraulic jack (1)
Rigid load plate (8) on cabinet is corresponding；Bidirectional hydraulic jack (1) is connect with oil-way pipe (3), bidirectional hydraulic jack
(1) force snesor (2) are equipped with；
Model box body includes rigid load plate (8), cabinet horizontal connector (10), the vertical connector of cabinet (11), case
Body frame (12), detachable stiff girder (13), detachable rear baffle (15), non-dismountable side baffle (16) and non-dismountable front
Plate (17)；Rigid load plate (8) is arranged in the front side of box frame (12), and cabinet horizontal connector (10), cabinet vertically connect
By being welded to connect, box frame (12) and baffle, detachable stiff girder (13) pass through bolt for part (11) and box frame (12)
Connection, box frame (12) and rigid load plate (8) are connectionless；Detachable rear baffle (15), non-dismountable side baffle (16) and
Non-dismountable front apron (17) is laid along the rear portion, side and front of box frame (12)；
Specific implementation method is as follows：
S1, representational earth materials are taken from side slope or landslide scene, screens out soil material using the sieve of special pore size distribution
Excessively large-sized soil particle, obtains the earth materials for meeting test requirements document in material；
S2, it is uniformly sprayed water using water sprager to the earth materials after sieving, allotment to specified water content, covering, moisturizing are protected
The water content for demonstrate,proving earth materials is uniform；
S3, diameter, wall thickness and the length that friction pile steel pipe is simulated by ' similar proportion ' selection；
S4, the steel pipe for simulating friction pile is splitted to obtain two sections of jurisdiction along axis pair, respectively on two section of jurisdiction inner walls
Symmetrical to paste foil gauge, welding lead, whether the stickup using digital multimeter detection foil gauge is qualified, if unqualified, repeats
Operation is until qualified.After qualification, plastic covering film simultaneously applies epoxy resin protection foil gauge；
S5, two sections of jurisdiction of same root steel pipe are synthesized into steel pipe, is fixed temporarily using iron wire, and weld integral；It welded
Notice that protection conducting wire and foil gauge, conducting wire are smoothed out with the fingers out from stake top one end of simulation friction pile steel pipe in journey；
The detachable stiff girder (13) of S6, the detachable rear baffle (15) for installing lower part and lower part, by wanting in model casing
The compactness layering production side slope or Landslide Model asked, the predetermined position in side slope or Landslide Model are embedded to friction pile；
S7, when the overhead height of side slope or Landslide Model height close to the detachable rear baffle (15) of lower part, install
The detachable rear baffle (15) in portion, in/the detachable stiff girder (13) on top and rigid load plate (8), continue layering production side
Slope or Landslide Model are to predetermined altitude；
The detachable rear baffle (15) of S8, the detachable stiff girder (13) for removing top and top are cut by predetermined slope
Side slope or Landslide Model complete side slope or Landslide Model production；
S9, horizontal addload：By high-strength screw rod (9) insertion cabinet horizontal connector (10) and tighten nut；
S10, assembled reaction frame, and loading module is installed；
S11, adjustment loading module to loading position；
S12, installation displacement sensor, connect all devices and instrument, and debugged；
S13, it is further applied load according to testing program classification, and arranges data；
S14, displacement sensor, loading module and reaction frame are removed；
S15, all detachable stiff girders (13) and all detachable rear baffle (15) are removed, is unearthed, cleaning, prepares next
Group test.
Force snesor (2) external Full-automatic hydraulic control system.
Oil-way pipe (3) external Full-automatic hydraulic control system.
Non-dismountable front apron (17) is hard mopping plank.
Non-dismountable side baffle (16) is made of tempered glass.
Model is made in model box body, is adjusted reaction beam (5) to suitable position, adjustment by adjusting nut (6)
The loading module that bidirectional hydraulic jack (1), force snesor (2), fixing piece (4) form lays other sensings to suitable position
Device starts hydraulic control system, is further applied load by testing program.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 Multifunctional self-leveling weighing apparatus indoor model case.(a) it is schematic view of facade structure, (b) is planar structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 loading mode figure.(a) (side slope or landslide) schematic diagram is loaded for first level, (b) is the second horizontal addload
(stake horizontal force) schematic diagram is (c) vertical load (stake vertical applied force) schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 loading module detail drawing.
Fig. 4 reaction beam detail drawing.(a) it is side view, (b) is cross-section diagram, (c) is elevation.
Specific embodiment
It is tried using the fashioned iron of standard by welding the indoor model for forming multi-functional self-balancing with bolted mode
Tryoff, indoor model test case are made of two big systems：I counter-force loading system, II model box body.
Counter-force loading system can be realized three kinds of loading modes：First level loading mode (side slope or landslide), the second water
Flat loading mode (stake horizontal force), vertical loading mode (stake vertical applied force), when test, can lay according to specific testing program
Other sensors monitor dependence test project.
Reaction frame is made of three beams, and every beam is formed by stacking by two channel steels are back-to-back, between the Liang Yuliang of reaction frame
It usesScrew rod connection.Loading unit is by the bidirectional hydraulic jack, force snesor, fixing piece and the fully automatic hydraulic that customize
Four part of control system composition.
Dead size is 120cm × 76cm × 100cm inside model casing, and outer framework uses 80cm × 80cm × 6cm angle steel
It is welded, angle steel interval constant spacing is equipped withDrilling, use bolt static housing plate, the connector of cabinet and reaction frame
Using internal diameter 32mm, outer diameter 52mm, on the steel-pipe welding to box frame of long 164mm.
Reaction frame passes through 4High-strength screw rod and nut are connected with the preset connector of model box body, connection
Simply, reliably.
Multifunctional self-leveling weighs indoor model case as shown in Figure 1, model casing is made of two big systems：Counter-force loading system, mould
Molding box cabinet.
Counter-force loading system：Bidirectional hydraulic jack (1), force snesor (2), oil-way pipe (3), screw rod (4), reaction beam
(5), high strength nut (6), gasket (7), high-strength screw rod (9), high-strength bolt (14)；The external Full Automatic Liquid of force snesor 2
Pressure control system connection, the external Full-automatic hydraulic control system of oil-way pipe 3；Model box body by four high-strength bolts (9) with
Two horizontally reaction beam (5) connections, between high-strength bolt (9) and horizontally reaction beam (5) even by high-strength nut (6)
It connects, vertical reaction beam (5) is supported on two horizontal direction reaction beams (5), is tightened at support using high-strength bolt and nut, loads
Module is fixed to vertical reaction beam (5) by screw rod (4) and nut.
Model box body：Rigid load plate (8), cabinet horizontal connector (10), the vertical connector of cabinet (11), cabinet frame
Frame (12), detachable stiff girder (13), detachable rear baffle (15), (tempered glass) non-dismountable side baffle (16), (hard brush
Paint plank) non-dismountable front apron (17)；Model casing box frame node and frame (12) and cabinet horizontal connector (10), case
The vertical connector of body (11), frame (12) are to be bolted with baffle, stiff girder, and frame (12) and rigid load plate (8) are without even
It connects.
Model is made in model box body, is adjusted reaction beam (5) to suitable position, adjustment by adjusting nut (6)
The loading module that bidirectional hydraulic jack (1), force snesor (2), fixing piece (4) form lays other sensings to suitable position
Device starts hydraulic control system, is further applied load by testing program.
Multifunctional self-leveling weighs model casing there are three types of loading mode as shown in Fig. 2, loading mode can be selected according to research contents.
First level loading mode, is suitable for the model investigation of side slope or landslide (can lay friction pile), and loading unit can lead to
It crosses rigid load plate and applies horizontal force simulation side slope or Thrust of Landslide；It is special that second horizontal addload mode is suitable for stake horizontal bearing capacity
The research of property；Vertical loading mode is suitable for the research of pile vertical carrying capacity characteristic.Certain three kinds of loading modes can be also used for
Other geotechnical engineering problems researchs, it is numerous to list herein.
The conversion of loading mode is very convenient, and first level loading mode is converted to the second horizontal addload mode and must only be adjusted
The position of corresponding nut and loading module；Horizontal addload mode is converted to vertical loading mode only must be by reaction frame entirety
The vertical connector of cabinet (11) is removed and be connected to, the position of corresponding nut and loading module is then adjusted.
One, loading module
Detail structure and the connection of loading module are as shown in figure 3, the force snesor (2) and bidirectional hydraulic jack customized
(1) piston top is connected through a screw thread, and hydraulic jack (2) bottom has screw thread to connect with screw rod (4)；Then, pass through major diameter
Circular gasket (7) and high strength nut (6) are fixed on reaction beam.
Two, reaction beam
The detail structure of reaction beam as shown in figure 4, two channel steels are back-to-back, midfeather 30mm, on channel steel in advance between
Two rows of circular holes are bored every constant spacing, are connected using high-strength bolt and nut (14), the common stress of composition reaction beam and deformation.When certain
It, can be by its partial dismantling when a little bolts interfere reaction frame assembly.
S1, representational earth materials are taken from side slope or landslide scene, screens out soil material using the sieve of special pore size distribution
Excessively large-sized soil particle, obtains the earth materials for meeting test requirements document in material；
S2, it is uniformly sprayed water using water sprager to the earth materials after sieving, allotment to specified water content, covering, moisturizing are protected
The water content for demonstrate,proving earth materials is uniform；
S3, diameter, wall thickness and the length that friction pile steel pipe is simulated by ' similar proportion ' selection；
S4, the steel pipe for simulating friction pile is splitted to obtain two sections of jurisdiction along axis pair, respectively on two section of jurisdiction inner walls
Symmetrical to paste foil gauge, welding lead, whether the stickup using digital multimeter detection foil gauge is qualified, if unqualified, repeats
Operation is until qualified.After qualification, plastic covering film simultaneously applies epoxy resin protection foil gauge；
S5, two sections of jurisdiction of same root steel pipe are synthesized into steel pipe, is fixed temporarily using iron wire, and weld integral；It welded
Notice that protection conducting wire and foil gauge, conducting wire are smoothed out with the fingers out from stake top one end of simulation friction pile steel pipe in journey；；
The detachable stiff girder (13) of S6, the detachable rear baffle (15) for installing lower part and lower part, by wanting in model casing
The compactness layering production side slope or Landslide Model asked are embedded to friction pile in the predetermined position of side slope or Landslide Model；
S7, when the overhead height of side slope or the height of Landslide Model close to the detachable rear baffle (15) of lower part, installation
The detachable rear baffle (15) on top, in/the detachable stiff girder (13) on top and rigid load plate (8), continue layering production
Side slope or Landslide Model are to predetermined altitude；
The detachable rear baffle (15) of S8, the detachable stiff girder (13) for removing top and top are cut by predetermined slope
Side slope or Landslide Model complete side slope or Landslide Model production；
S9, horizontal addload：By high-strength screw rod (9) insertion cabinet horizontal connector (10) and tighten nut；
S10, assembled reaction frame, and loading module is installed；
S11, loading module is adjusted to loading position referring to (a) in Fig. 2；
S12, installation displacement sensor, connect all devices and instrument, and debugged；
S13, it is further applied load according to testing program classification, and arranges data；
S14, displacement sensor, loading module and reaction frame are removed；
S15, all detachable stiff girders (13) and all detachable rear baffle (15) are removed, is unearthed, cleaning, prepares next
Group test.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of side slope or landslide indoor model test method, this method are real by Multifunctional self-leveling weighing apparatus stress model chamber
Existing, which is made of counter-force loading system and the big system of model box body two, which passes through welding by fashioned iron
It is formed with bolted mode；
Counter-force loading system includes bidirectional hydraulic jack (1), force snesor (2), oil-way pipe (3), screw rod (4), reaction beam
(5), high strength nut (6), gasket (7), high-strength screw rod (9) and high-strength bolt (14)；Wherein reaction beam (5) is divided into vertically
Reaction beam and horizontal direction reaction beam, model box body is by four horizontal high-strength bolts (9) and high-strength nut (6) respectively with two
The connection of root horizontal direction reaction beam, vertical reaction beam is supported on two horizontal direction reaction beams, at support using high-strength bolt (9) and
High-strength nut (6) is tightened, and is equipped with gasket (7) between high-strength bolt (9) and high-strength nut (6)；Loading module by screw rod (4) and
High strength nut (6) is fixed on vertical reaction beam (5)；Vertical reaction beam and horizontal direction reaction beam are equipped with high-strength bolt
(14)；Bidirectional hydraulic jack (1) is mounted on the centre of vertical reaction beam, the mandril and model casing of bidirectional hydraulic jack (1)
Rigid load plate (8) on cabinet is corresponding；Bidirectional hydraulic jack (1) is connect with oil-way pipe (3), bidirectional hydraulic jack
(1) force snesor (2) are equipped with；
Model box body includes rigid load plate (8), cabinet horizontal connector (10), the vertical connector of cabinet (11), cabinet frame
Frame (12), detachable stiff girder (13), detachable rear baffle (15), non-dismountable side baffle (16) and non-dismountable front apron
(17)；Rigid load plate (8) is arranged in the front side of box frame (12), cabinet horizontal connector (10), the vertical connector of cabinet
(11) with box frame (12) by being welded to connect, box frame (12) and baffle, detachable stiff girder (13) are connected by bolt
It connects, box frame (12) and rigid load plate (8) are connectionless；Detachable rear baffle (15), non-dismountable side baffle (16) and not
Detachable front baffle (17) is laid along the rear portion, side and front of box frame (12)；
It is characterized in that：Specific implementation method is as follows,
S1, representational earth materials are taken from side slope or landslide scene, is screened out in earth materials using the sieve of special pore size distribution
Large-sized soil particle is crossed, the earth materials for meeting test requirements document are obtained；
S2, it is uniformly sprayed water using watering can to the earth materials after sieving, allotment to specified water content, covering, moisturizing guarantee soil
The water content of material is uniform；
S3, diameter, wall thickness and the length that simulation friction pile steel pipe is determined by ' similar proportion '；
S4, the steel pipe for simulating friction pile is splitted to obtain two sections of jurisdiction along axis pair, it is symmetrical on two section of jurisdiction inner walls respectively
Foil gauge, welding lead are pasted, whether the stickup using digital multimeter detection foil gauge is qualified, if unqualified, repetitive operation
Until qualified.After qualification, plastic covering film simultaneously applies epoxy resin protection foil gauge；
S5, two sections of jurisdiction of same root steel pipe are synthesized into steel pipe, is fixed temporarily using iron wire, and weld integral；In welding process
Pay attention to protecting conducting wire and foil gauge, conducting wire is smoothed out with the fingers out from stake top one end of simulation friction pile steel pipe；
The detachable stiff girder (13) of S6, the detachable rear baffle (15) for installing lower part and lower part, in model casing as required
Compactness layering production side slope or Landslide Model, the predetermined position in side slope or Landslide Model are embedded to friction pile；
S7, when overhead height of the foundation model height close to the detachable rear baffle (15) of lower part, the detachable of top is installed
Rear baffle (15), in/the detachable stiff girder (13) on top and rigid load plate (8), continue layering production side slope or landslide mould
Type is to predetermined altitude；
The detachable rear baffle (15) of S8, the detachable stiff girder (13) for removing top and top cut side slope by predetermined slope
Or Landslide Model, complete side slope or Landslide Model production；
S9, horizontal addload：By high-strength screw rod (9) insertion cabinet horizontal connector (10) and tighten nut；
S10, assembled reaction frame, and loading module is installed；
S11, adjustment loading module to loading position；
S12, installation displacement sensor, connect all devices and instrument, and debugged；
S13, it is further applied load according to testing program classification, and repairing experiment data；
S14, displacement sensor, loading module and reaction frame are removed；
S15, all detachable stiff girders (13) and all detachable rear baffle (15) are removed, is unearthed, cleaning, prepares next group of examination
It tests.
2. a kind of side slope according to claim 1 or landslide indoor model test method, it is characterised in that：Force snesor
(2) external Full-automatic hydraulic control system.
3. a kind of side slope according to claim 1 or landslide indoor model test method, it is characterised in that：Oil-way pipe (3)
External Full-automatic hydraulic control system.
4. a kind of side slope according to claim 1 or landslide indoor model test method, it is characterised in that：Before non-dismountable
Baffle (17) is hard mopping plank.
5. a kind of side slope according to claim 1 or landslide indoor model test method, it is characterised in that：Non-dismountable side
Baffle (16) is made of tempered glass.
6. a kind of side slope according to claim 1 or landslide indoor model test method, it is characterised in that：In model casing case
Production model in vivo is adjusted reaction beam (5) to suitable position by adjusting nut (6), adjust bidirectional hydraulic jack (1),
The loading module that force snesor (2), fixing piece (4) form lays other sensors, starts hydraulic control system to suitable position
System, is further applied load by testing program.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810740887.6A CN108918828A (en) | 2018-07-08 | 2018-07-08 | A kind of side slope or the indoor model test method that comes down |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810740887.6A CN108918828A (en) | 2018-07-08 | 2018-07-08 | A kind of side slope or the indoor model test method that comes down |
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| CN110082505A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-08-02 | 东华理工大学 | A kind of assembled ground comprehensive test system |
| CN110793964A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-02-14 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Rainfall-induced soil landslide field simulation test system |
| CN111719599A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-09-29 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Multilayer slide belt landslide-anti-slide pile model test system and method |
| CN113156088A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-07-23 | 北京工业大学 | Visual rigid model box for saturated soft sediment deformation simulation earthquake test |
| CN113237764A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-08-10 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Transparent cemented soil-based slope loading and observation test method and device |
| CN115420463A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2022-12-02 | 成都理工大学 | Landslide river-plugging whole-process simulation and dam break mechanism test device and test method |
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| CN113237764A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-08-10 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Transparent cemented soil-based slope loading and observation test method and device |
| CN113237764B (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2022-08-16 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Transparent cemented soil-based slope loading and observation test method and device |
| CN113156088A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-07-23 | 北京工业大学 | Visual rigid model box for saturated soft sediment deformation simulation earthquake test |
| CN115420463A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2022-12-02 | 成都理工大学 | Landslide river-plugging whole-process simulation and dam break mechanism test device and test method |
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Application publication date: 20181130 |