CN105002939B - Model device and method for grouped pile field test - Google Patents

Model device and method for grouped pile field test Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105002939B
CN105002939B CN201510456473.7A CN201510456473A CN105002939B CN 105002939 B CN105002939 B CN 105002939B CN 201510456473 A CN201510456473 A CN 201510456473A CN 105002939 B CN105002939 B CN 105002939B
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China
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model
cushion cap
pile
piles
positioning
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CN201510456473.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN105002939A (en
Inventor
汤斌
程涛
张鸣
张一鸣
郭凡夫
涂文杰
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Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
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Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
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Abstract

The invention relates to a model device and method for a grouped pile field test. The model device comprises anchor piles, a positioning and supporting device, a counterforce plate, model piles, a bearing platform, a jack, a load sensor, dial indicators, a programmable static strain indicator, a data processing computer, a numerical value force measuring instrument and a resistance strain gauge. The model piles are fixed below the bearing platform. A bearing platform cover plate is arranged on the upper surface of the bearing platform. The positioning and supporting device comprises an upper frame, a lower frame and a telescopic stand column. The upper frame and the lower frame are connected through the stand column. Connecting plates are arranged in the middle of the upper frame and the middle of the lower frame respectively. Telescopic rods are arranged at the four corners of each connecting plate respectively. Limiting rings are arranged at the ends of the telescopic rods. Water levels are arranged on the connecting plates. According to the model device and method for the grouped pile field test, the positioning and supporting device can be used for positioning the model piles and ensuring perpendicularity and ensuring levelness of the tops of the grouped piles and the bearing platform. The device is simple in structure, flexible, easy and convenient to operate, high in measuring precision and good in economic benefit.

Description

A kind of model equipment of clump of piles field test and method
Technical field
A kind of the present invention relates to Geotechnical Engineering field, more particularly, it relates to model equipment of clump of piles field test And method.
Background technology
Pile foundation is a kind of common base form, is widely used in the engineerings such as building, bridge, harbour.Group Stake is constantly subjected to the attention of people as a kind of principal mode of pile foundation, the research of its stress deformation characteristic.
In pile foundation engineering, the prototype experiment carrying out a clump of piles needs to spend substantial amounts of human and material resources and time, or because of field The restriction of the factors such as ground condition cannot be carried out prototype test, and under these conditions, live clump of piles model test becomes research, explores A kind of effective ways with solve problem.The theoretical research that it is not only pile foundation provides test data and testing and verification, and There is provided according to for engineering design and then instruct engineering practice.
Site-models test combines field test and the advantage of indoor model test: on the one hand it ensure soil structures Integrity, has higher accuracy compared to indoor model;On the other hand cost-effective compared to live prototype test, shorten examination Test the cycle.
In existing clump of piles site-models process of the test, Model Pile is method press-in manually under many circumstances , during press-in, easily crooked situation in Model Pile, and the method that can only observe by the naked eye goes to adjust, Model Pile Perpendicularity and the levelness of stake top of a clump of piles all cannot ensure, lead to the accuracy of measurement result to reduce.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, provides a kind of model equipment of clump of piles field test and method, this dress Put the perpendicularity that can ensure that each Model Pile, flexible operation is easy, measurement precision is high.
The present invention solves this technical problem and be the technical scheme is that the model dress constructing a kind of clump of piles field test Put, including anchoring pile, reaction plate, device for positioning and supporting, Model Pile, cushion cap, jack, load transducer, dial gauge, program control static state Deformeter, data processing computer, numerical value dynamometer and resistance strain gage;
Described resistance strain gage is arranged on inside described Model Pile, and described Model Pile has many, and many Model Pile are fixed on Below described cushion cap, described cushion cap upper surface arranges cushion cap cover plate;Described jack is arranged on cushion cap cover plate and load transducer Between, described load transducer is connected with described numerical value dynamometer;Described wire is connected with described program control statical strain indicator, described Program control statical strain indicator is connected with described data processing computer;Described dial gauge is arranged on above cushion cap cover plate by datum line beam; Described anchoring pile is divided into two rows and is fixed in ground, is provided with support column between described reaction plate and ground;
Described device for positioning and supporting includes upper frame, underframe and telescopic column, and described upper frame and underframe lead to Cross column to connect, the middle part of described upper frame and underframe is provided with connecting plate, four angles of described connecting plate are respectively provided with flexible Bar, the end of described expansion link is provided with spacing collar, and described connecting plate is provided with spirit level.
In such scheme, described spacing collar includes the circle body of two semicircles, and one end of two circle bodies is hinged, the other end Connected by fastener.
In such scheme, described underframe is provided with cantilever, and described cantilever is placed on datum line beam.
In such scheme, the bottom of described underframe is provided with fixing foot.
In such scheme, described expansion link, upper frame and underframe are provided with rule.
In such scheme, described reaction plate and anchoring pile are connected by steel wire rope, and the fixing end of described steel wire rope passes through steel pipe It is fixedly connected on described reaction plate, the movable end of described steel wire rope is passed by the steel wire rope fairlead on anchoring pile, and passes through Steel cable clamp buckles and stretches.
In such scheme, described Model Pile is connected with described cushion cap by nut, and described cushion cap is provided with multiple and model The installing hole of stake cooperation.
In such scheme, described cushion cap cover plate is provided with positioning boss, and described positioning boss is connect with the stress surface of jack Touch.
In such scheme, the surface of described positioning boss is provided with groove.
Present invention also offers a kind of test method using above-mentioned assay device, comprise the following steps:
S1, positioning press-in two row's anchoring piles;
S2, reference for installation beam stationary positioned support meanss, Model Pile passes through spacing collar, and resistance-strain is posted in press-in successively Many Model Pile of piece, pass through spirit level leveling it is ensured that the perpendicularity of Model Pile and Ge Gen Model Pile stake top during press-in The concordance of height;The column that positioning supports scalable it is ensured that the perpendicularity of whole piling process model stake;
S3, Model Pile is fixed on below cushion cap, and places cushion cap cover plate in cushion cap upper surface;
S4, installation jack, connect load transducer, program control statical strain indicator, data processing computer, numerical value dynamometer;
S5, installation support column, reaction plate are placed on support column, steel pipe are fixed on reaction plate, are connected with steel wire rope Anchoring pile and reaction plate, and stretched with steel cable clamp fastening;
S6, dial gauge are arranged on above cushion cap cover plate by datum line beam;
S7, utilize load transducer and numerical value dynamometer, realize the accurate hierarchical loading of jack, it is heavy that dial gauge records cushion cap Fall, program control statical strain indicator records pile strain, and data processing computer record analyzes strain data.
Implement the model equipment of clump of piles field test and the method for the present invention, have the advantages that
1st, the effect that device for positioning and supporting can play positioning and ensure perpendicularity to each Model Pile, further guarantee Whole clump of piles stake top level, thus ensure cushion cap level.
2nd, the distance between device for positioning and supporting spacing collar can be adjusted by expansion link, is applicable to different pile spacings A clump of piles.
3rd, column can stretch, and the height of upper frame can be adjusted with pile driving process, makes Model Pile in pile driving process Perpendicularity is controlled in real time.
Brief description
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the front view of the model equipment of clump of piles field test of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the side view of the model equipment of clump of piles field test of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the connection diagram of Model Pile, cushion cap and cushion cap cover plate;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of cushion cap;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of Model Pile;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of cushion cap cover plate;
Fig. 7 is the connection diagram of reaction plate and anchoring pile;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of steel cable clamp;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of device for positioning and supporting;
Figure 10 is that device for positioning and supporting is arranged on the top view on datum line beam.
Specific embodiment
In order to be more clearly understood to the technical characteristic of the present invention, purpose and effect, now comparison accompanying drawing describes in detail The specific embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figures 1 to 10, the model equipment of the clump of piles field test of the present invention includes 1, datum line beam, and 2, dial gauge, 3rd, cushion cap cover plate, 4, cushion cap, 5, jack, 6, load transducer, 7, nut, 8, Model Pile, 9, wire fairlead, 10, bolt Hole, 11, anchoring pile, 12, steel wire rope fairlead, 13, bearing sheet, 14, steel wire rope, 15, reaction plate, 16, steel wire rope fixing hole, 17, Program control statical strain indicator, 18, data processing computer, 19, numerical value dynamometer, 20, steel cable clamp, 21, steel pipe, 22, Model Pile Preformed hole, resistance strain gage, 24, wire, 25, support column, 26, connecting plate, 27, column, 28, spacing collar, 29, spirit level, 30, Expansion link, 31, fastener, 32, cantilever, 33, fixing foot, 34, underframe, 23, upper frame.
Resistance strain gage is arranged on inside Model Pile 8, and Model Pile 8 has many, and many Model Pile 8 are fixed on below cushion cap 4, Cushion cap 4 upper surface arranges cushion cap cover plate 3.The stake top of Model Pile 8 is passed through two traveling nuts 7 and is connected cushion cap 4, is fixed on cushion cap 4 The nut 7 of bottom surface bears the load of cushion cap 4 transmission.Model Pile 8 adopts line cutting technology, each reserved certain in stake top and stake end Length is not exclusively cut open, and pile body arranges bolt hole 10 at interval of a segment distance, and is being symmetrical arranged two at a certain distance from stake top Individual wire fairlead 9.The bottom of Model Pile 8 is provided with back cover, and Model Pile 8 inner side different cross section posts resistance strain gage.
Jack 5 is arranged between cushion cap cover plate 3 and reaction plate 15, and load transducer 6 is connected with numerical value dynamometer 19, leads Line 24 is connected with program control statical strain indicator 17, and program control statical strain indicator 17 is connected with data processing computer 18.Dial gauge 2 passes through base Quasi- beam 1 is arranged on above cushion cap cover plate 3, and in the present embodiment, dial gauge 2 arranges four, measures the heavy of cushion cap 4 by dial gauge 2 Fall.Cushion cap 4 bottom has four Model Pile preformed holes 22, and Model Pile 8 heights of roofs is less than cushion cap 4 height, and cushion cap 4 is cuboid, Middle baffled support, cushion cap 4 is divided into 4 intervals, is welded with triangular steel plate at each angle on top surface, make cushion cap 4 globality more Good, the load of cushion cap cover plate 3 can be uniformly transferred simultaneously.Cushion cap 4 can be made according to different pile spacings, stake number, stake footpath.Counter-force It is provided with support column 25 between plate 15 and ground.
Anchoring pile 11 is divided into two rows and is fixed in ground, and steel wire rope 14 fixing end passes through the steel wire rope fixing hole on reaction plate 15 16, and be fixedly connected on reaction plate 15 by steel pipe 21, steel wire rope 14 movable end passes through the steel wire rope fairlead on anchoring pile 11 12 pass, and are stretched by steel cable clamp 20 fastening.Often row anchoring pile 11 each four it is ensured that group can be supplied to by reaction plate 15 The enough counter-forces of stake.Each anchoring pile 11 highly consistent, and be located at steel wire rope fixing hole 16 immediately below, be allowed in straight line Above it is ensured that steel wire rope 14 being capable of uniform stressed.There is provided counter-force by reaction plate 15, anchoring pile 11 and steel wire rope 14, than other methods More flexible and convenient, saves experimentation cost and time.Steel wire rope 14 passes through steel cable clamp 20 fastening and stretches, can be according to not With the position of cushion cap 4 type adjustment reaction plate 15, steel wire rope 14 flexible operation, so that assembly of the invention is set up and dismounting more saves Shi Shengli.
Device for positioning and supporting includes upper frame 23, underframe 34 and telescopic column 27.Upper frame 23 and underframe 34 Connected by column 27, the middle part of upper frame 23 and underframe 34 is provided with connecting plate 26, and four angles of connecting plate 26 are respectively provided with Expansion link 30, the end of expansion link 30 is provided with spacing collar 28 corresponding with Model Pile 8, and connecting plate 26 is provided with spirit level 29. Cantilever 32 is additionally provided with underframe 34, cantilever 32 is placed on datum line beam 1.
Underframe 34 bottom is provided with fixing foot 33, facilitates insertion into fixing in ground.During press-in Model Pile 8, initially pass through upper ledge The spacing collar 28 of frame 23 and underframe 34, and pass through spirit level 29 eye-level degree, prevent deviation.Column 27 can be stretched Contracting, the height of upper frame 23 can be adjusted with pile driving process, so that perpendicularity in pile driving process for the Model Pile 8 is controlled in real time System.
It is suitable for the clump of piles model of different pile spacings by the spacing that expansion link 30 can be adjusted between each spacing collar 28. On expansion link 30, upper frame 23 and underframe 34, rule is set, convenient regulation.It is provided with fixing buckle in the middle part of expansion link 30, stretch Pass through fixing snaps into position after being reduced to designated length.
Spacing collar 28 includes the circle body of two semicircles, and one end of two circle bodies is hinged, and the other end passes through fastener 31 even Connect.After Model Pile 8 press-in, take fastener 31 apart and can be taken off device for positioning and supporting, will not interfere with each other with wire 24.
Further, in order to improve the stability of support meanss, support meanss are additionally provided with cantilever 32, and cantilever 32 is placed on base On quasi- beam 1, improve stability.
Further, cushion cap cover plate 3 is provided with positioning boss 301, and positioning boss 301 is contacted with the stress surface of jack 5, Guarantee that the loading of jack 5 is located at the position in axle center.The surface of positioning boss 301 is provided with groove 302, prevents jack further 5 offset during loading.
Further, cushion cap cover plate 3 is provided with spirit level 29, can be observed by spirit level 29 and adjust cushion cap cover plate 3 Levelness.
Present invention also offers a kind of test method using above-mentioned assay device, comprise the following steps:
S1, Model Pile 8 inner surface keep at a certain distance away symmetrical paste two panels resistance strain gage, should by resistance by terminal Become piece to be connected with wire 24, and wire 24 is drawn from the wire fairlead 9 of Model Pile 8 respectively;Closed model stake 8, in bolt At hole 10, insertion bolt is fixed.
S2, the two row's steel wire rope fixing holes 16 passing through on reaction plate 15, determine the position of burying of anchoring pile 11, respectively by anchoring pile 11 squeeze into foundation soil designated depth.
S3, the Model Pile preformed hole 22 passing through on cushion cap 4, Model Pile 8 are respectively put into the hole position on foundation soil, in two rows Anchoring pile 11 center determines that Model Pile 8 is buried position.Reference for installation beam 1 stationary positioned support meanss, on underframe 34 The corresponding hole position of spacing collar 28 is placed, and Model Pile 8 passes through spacing collar 28, and then many models of resistance strain gage are posted in press-in successively Stake 8, passes through spirit level 29 leveling it is ensured that the perpendicularity of Model Pile 8 is consistent with Ge Gen Model Pile 8 stake top height in process of press in Property.The column 27 that positioning supports scalable it is ensured that the perpendicularity of whole piling process model stake 8.
S4, ensure perpendicularity in the case of, clockwise Model Pile 8 is followed cushion cap 4 successively and is pressed into specified embedded depth; When the stake top of all Model Pile 8 is in sustained height, remove device for positioning and supporting, pass through Model Pile preformed hole 22 in stake top position It is allowed to be connected with cushion cap 4;By nut 7, cushion cap 4 is fixedly connected with Model Pile 8.
S5, cushion cap cover plate 3 is placed on cushion cap 4, jack 5 is placed on the cushion cap cover plate 3 being provided with positioning boss 301, Then place load transducer 6 on jack 5, and load transducer 6 is connected numerical value dynamometer 19;By wire 24 with program control Statical strain indicator 17 connects, and is connected with data processing computer 18 by data wire.
S6, reaction plate 15 is placed on support column 25;Steel wire rope 14 fixing end is fixedly connected on counter-force by steel pipe 21 On plate 15, steel wire rope 14 movable end is passed by steel wire rope fairlead 12;Steel wire rope 14 passes through steel cable clamp 20 fastening and stretches, Cushion cap 4 can be flexibly controlled to reserve height with reaction plate 15 by steel wire rope 14.
S7, datum line beam 1 is arranged between cushion cap 4 and anchoring pile 11, makes datum line beam 1 level and do not done by other devices Disturb;By datum line beam 1, dial gauge 2 is vertically erected on four angles of cushion cap cover plate 3.
S8, unlatching jack 5 pattern of pressure, because, in two row's anchoring pile 11 press-in foundation soil, reaction plate 15 passes through steel wire rope 14 are connected, and can provide enough counter-forces for device;Cushion cap cover plate 3 delivers load to cushion cap 4 and Model Pile 8, is mould Type stake 8 provides vertical load;Jack 5 utilizes load transducer 6 and numerical value dynamometer 19, realizes accurate hierarchical loading;Fixing Four dial gauges 2 on datum line beam 1 can record cushion cap 4 and settle;In Model Pile 8, the two panels resistance strain gage of different cross section can divide Do not reflect the situation of pile strain in this depth, program control statical strain indicator 17 can record pile strain it is possible to connect at data Reason computer 18 record analyses pile strain data.
Above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described, but the invention is not limited in above-mentioned concrete Embodiment, above-mentioned specific embodiment is only schematically, rather than restricted, those of ordinary skill in the art Under the enlightenment of the present invention, in the case of without departing from present inventive concept and scope of the claimed protection, also can make a lot Form, these belong within the protection of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of model equipment of clump of piles field test is it is characterised in that include anchoring pile, reaction plate, device for positioning and supporting, model Stake, cushion cap, jack, load transducer, dial gauge, wire, program control statical strain indicator, data processing computer, numerical value dynamometer And resistance strain gage;
Described resistance strain gage is arranged on inside described Model Pile, and described Model Pile has many, and many Model Pile are fixed on described Below cushion cap, described cushion cap upper surface arranges cushion cap cover plate;Described jack is arranged between cushion cap cover plate and load transducer, Described load transducer is connected with described numerical value dynamometer;Described wire connects described program control statical strain indicator and resistance-strain Piece, described program control statical strain indicator is connected with described data processing computer;Described dial gauge is arranged on cushion cap lid by datum line beam Above plate;Described anchoring pile is divided into two rows and is fixed in ground, is provided with support column between described reaction plate and ground;Described reaction plate Connected by steel wire rope with anchoring pile, the fixing end of described steel wire rope is fixedly connected on described reaction plate by steel pipe, described steel The movable end of cord is passed by the steel wire rope fairlead on anchoring pile, and is stretched by steel cable clamp fastening;Jack is arranged Between cushion cap cover plate and reaction plate;
Described device for positioning and supporting includes upper frame, underframe and telescopic column, and described upper frame and underframe pass through to stand Post connects, and the middle part of described upper frame and underframe is provided with connecting plate, and four angles of described connecting plate are respectively provided with expansion link, institute The end stating expansion link is provided with spacing collar, and described connecting plate is provided with spirit level;Described underframe is provided with cantilever, is pressed into model During stake, described cantilever is placed on datum line beam, and Model Pile passes through described spacing collar.
2. the model equipment of clump of piles field test according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described spacing collar includes two The circle body of semicircle, one end of two circle bodies is hinged, and the other end is connected by fastener.
3. the model equipment of clump of piles field test according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that the bottom of described underframe sets There is fixing foot.
4. the model equipment of clump of piles field test according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described expansion link, upper frame It is provided with rule with underframe.
5. the model equipment of clump of piles field test according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described Model Pile passes through nut It is connected with described cushion cap, described cushion cap is provided with multiple installing holes with Model Pile cooperation.
6. the model equipment of clump of piles field test according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described cushion cap cover plate is provided with Positioning boss, described positioning boss is contacted with the stress surface of jack.
7. the model equipment of clump of piles field test according to claim 6 is it is characterised in that the surface of described positioning boss It is provided with groove.
8. a kind of test method of model equipment described in utilization claim 1-7 any one is it is characterised in that include following walking Rapid:
S1, positioning press-in two row's anchoring piles;
S2, reference for installation beam stationary positioned support meanss, Model Pile passes through spacing collar, and resistance strain gage is posted in press-in successively Many Model Pile, during press-in pass through spirit level leveling it is ensured that the perpendicularity of Model Pile and Ge Gen Model Pile stake top height Concordance;Column that positioning supports scalable it is ensured that the perpendicularity of piling process model stake;
S3, Model Pile is fixed on below cushion cap, and places cushion cap cover plate in cushion cap upper surface;
S4, installation jack, connect load transducer, program control statical strain indicator, data processing computer, numerical value dynamometer;
S5, installation support column, reaction plate are placed on datum line beam, steel pipe are fixed on reaction plate, connect anchoring pile with steel wire rope And reaction plate, and stretched with steel cable clamp fastening;
S6, dial gauge are arranged on above cushion cap cover plate by datum line beam;
S7, utilize load transducer and numerical value dynamometer, realize the accurate hierarchical loading of jack, dial gauge record cushion cap settle, Program control statical strain indicator records pile strain, and data processing computer record analyzes strain data.
CN201510456473.7A 2015-07-29 2015-07-29 Model device and method for grouped pile field test Expired - Fee Related CN105002939B (en)

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CN105862941A (en) * 2016-05-24 2016-08-17 武汉科技大学 Model device and method for measuring time effect of bearing capacity of pile foundations on site
CN106088172B (en) * 2016-08-11 2019-04-02 青岛理工大学 Testing device for combined measurement of pile top and pile end displacement of cast-in-place pile
CN106284438B (en) * 2016-08-11 2019-04-02 青岛理工大学 Test method for combined measurement of pile top and pile end displacement of cast-in-place pile
CN106522291B (en) * 2016-12-19 2018-07-10 武汉科技大学 A kind of clump of piles resistance to plucking site-models experimental rig and method
CN110607811A (en) * 2019-10-25 2019-12-24 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 Pile group loading test device and method for simulating high-speed rail bridge operation load
CN113431104B (en) * 2021-07-13 2023-05-05 中国铁路上海局集团有限公司杭州铁路枢纽工程建设指挥部 Single pile static load test device and method for providing counter force by combining pile group and bearing platform
CN114263222B (en) * 2021-11-24 2022-09-13 浙江大学 Model test device and method for measuring ultimate bearing capacity of grouped piles under inclined eccentric load in sandy soil
CN114755092B (en) * 2022-03-23 2023-02-03 哈尔滨商业大学 Special device and method for seasonal frozen soil indoor test

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CN104452835B (en) * 2014-12-06 2016-04-27 国家电网公司 Test device for transmission line foundation test and setting method thereof
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