CN108918389B - Non-weighing type lysimeter capable of respectively measuring seepage water volume and slope water volume - Google Patents
Non-weighing type lysimeter capable of respectively measuring seepage water volume and slope water volume Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005442 atmospheric precipitation Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of hydraulic engineering, and particularly relates to a non-weighing lysimeter capable of respectively measuring the amount of water permeating and the amount of water on a slope, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: an evapotranspiration instrument comprises an evapotranspiration barrel which is divided into three parts, namely an exposed section, a soil column section and a filtering section from top to bottom. The exposed section extends out of the ground; the height of the soil column section is 60-75% of the total height of the infiltration barrel, and the distribution depth of more than 95% of the plant root systems in the soil is more than or equal to 10 cm; local soil is filled in the soil column section; an inner ring is arranged in the filtering section. The inner part of the inner ring, the filtering section and the inner ring are all filled with filtering fillers. The bottom of the steam infiltration barrel is also provided with an inner ring water outlet and an outer ring water outlet which are respectively connected with an inner water storage tank and an outer water storage tank. The invention can simply and accurately measure the runoff, the penetration and the penetration time, and has simple and convenient operation; a quantitative calculation method is provided for the evaluation of the water supply capacity of the ecological system; provides a new idea for evaluating the influence of the change of environmental factors on the water resource supply of the grassland ecosystem.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of hydraulic engineering, and particularly relates to a non-weighing lysimeter capable of measuring the amount of water permeating and the amount of water on a slope respectively.
Background
The existing research shows that the water resource supply capacity of the ecosystem is influenced by ecological factors such as plant community structure, species composition, plant functional characteristics, surface soil characteristics and the like, and also influenced by physical factors such as climate, terrain, soil types and the like. In recent years, human activities, climate change and the like change the water supply capacity of an ecological system through direct influence on characteristics such as evaporation, transpiration, infiltration and the like; on the other hand, the water supply capacity of the ecological system is indirectly changed by changing the structure of plant communities, the composition of the plants and the functional characteristics of the plants. Therefore, under the background of aggravated climate change and aggravated human activities, the method accurately evaluates the water supply capacity and change of the ecosystem of the alpine grassland, and becomes a precondition for adaptive management of the ecosystem of the alpine grassland.
The water resource supply capacity mainly comprises two aspects of water supply total amount and regulation capacity of the downstream district. The total water supply amount is the sum of the soil underflow and the surface runoff, and can be represented by water yield (R), which reflects the amount or proportion of water discharged to the outside of the system after the ecosystem receives atmospheric precipitation (P), interception (I), transpiration (T) and surface evaporation (E) through the system (canopy, litter, soil, etc.). The regulation capacity comprises the total amount (I) of the atmospheric precipitation trapped by the system and the release mode and the release rate of the trapped water. The strength of the storage capacity is also closely related to the control of soil erosion and water loss on the earth surface. According to these definitions, the change in water volume for an ecosystem can be expressed as the water balance equation: p ═ I + E + T + R.
Therefore, in order to comprehensively measure the water supply capacity of the ecological system, the total water supply capacity and the storage capacity of the ecological system need to be respectively evaluated from the aspects of total water supply capacity and storage capacity, ① is used for evaluating the total water supply capacity to the outside, the larger the total water production capacity is, the stronger the water supply capacity is, ② is used for evaluating the storage capacity of the ecological system (including soil, overground vegetation and ground cover) after precipitation stops, the larger the storage capacity is, the higher the water production capacity is, and the slower the reduction range of the storage capacity along with the time is, the stronger the storage capacity is.
The current technology for measuring the water supply capacity of an ecological system mainly comprises a large-scale small watershed comparison and weighing type infiltration device. However, the former has the problems of low precision and low resolution; the latter has the problems of high cost, large occupied space, difficult popularization and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a non-weighing lysimeter.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an infiltration instrument comprises an infiltration barrel, wherein the infiltration barrel is divided into three parts, namely an exposed section, a soil column section and a filtering section from top to bottom;
the exposed sections extend out of the ground completely and are 3-7 cm in height;
the height of the soil column section is 60-75% of the total height of the infiltration barrel, and the distribution depth of the plant root systems in the soil is at least 10cm higher than that of more than 95% of the local plant root systems; local soil is filled in the soil column section;
an inner ring which has the same height as the filtering section and is hermetically connected with the bottom of the infiltration barrel is also arranged in the filtering section;
the inner part of the inner ring, the filter section and the inner ring are all filled with the same fillers capable of filtering silt;
an outer ring water outlet is formed in the lowest position of the bottom between the filtering section and the inner ring; an inner ring water outlet is formed in the lowest position of the bottom of the inner ring;
the outer ring water outlet and the inner ring water outlet are respectively connected with the external water storage tank and the internal water storage tank through self-flowing water pipes.
Preferably, the evaporation and permeation barrel is made of a waterproof and anti-corrosion material, and the inner ring and the evaporation and permeation barrel are made of the same material.
Preferably, when the evaporation and permeation barrel is obliquely arranged, the outer ring water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the evaporation and permeation barrel, outside the filtering section and at the lowest position close to the edge of the evaporation and permeation barrel; the inner ring water outlet is arranged at the lowest position of the bottom of the evaporation and permeation barrel, inside the filtering section and close to the edge of the inner ring.
Preferably, the relationship between the diameter of the inner ring and the distance between the filter section and the inner ring is as follows:
the diameter of the inner ring is d, the distance between the inner ring and the filtering section is s, the total height of the earth pillar section is h, and the slope angle is α, wherein the value of d is the maximum value which can be reached when s is more than h-tan α and s is more than 5 cm.
Preferably, the soil in the soil pillar section is: and burying the lysimeter underground, intercepting columnar soil with the diameter equivalent to that of the lysimeter barrel and the height equivalent to that of the earth pillar section at the equal-height position of the earth pillar section, and finishing and filling the soil to ensure that the soil just fills the earth pillar section.
Preferably, the fillers inside the inner ring and between the filtering section and the inner ring are sequentially from bottom to top: gauze, sand and gauze selected from local cleaned sand and gauze sieved by 8 mm.
Preferably, the diameters of the outer ring water outlet and the inner ring water outlet are both 1-2 cm.
Correspondingly, a method for measuring the amount of permeated water and the slope flow by using the lysimeter comprises the following steps: let the area of the inner ring be SInner partThe total area of the evaporation and infiltration barrel is SGeneral assemblyThe water receiving amount of the external water storage tank is YOuter coverThe water receiving capacity of the internal water storage tank is YInner part；
The amount of the permeated water YOozing out＝SGeneral assembly/SInner part×YInner part(ii) a The slope surface flow rate YDiameter of a pipe＝YOuter cover-[(SGeneral assembly-SInner part)/SInner part×YInner part]。
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the lysimeter can respectively measure the radial flow (determined by the slope flow), the infiltration amount and the infiltration time (the time of continuous infiltration after one time of rainfall), only part of the structure (the water amount in the water storage tank) of the lysimeter needs to be weighed during measurement, accurate data can be obtained by combining a formula, the whole lysimeter does not need to be taken out and weighed, and the operation is very simple and convenient.
2. The lysimeter provided by the invention has the advantages of high resolution and accuracy, simple structure, low cost and convenience in maintenance. A quantitative calculation method is provided for the evaluation of the water supply capacity of the ecological system; provides a new idea for evaluating the influence of the change of environmental factors such as temperature, nitrogen and the like on the water resource supply of the grassland ecosystem.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a steam infiltration tank;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the operation of the evaporation and permeation barrel;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the steaming and permeating bucket;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operating principle of the lysimeter.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the lysimeter of the present invention comprises a lysimeter barrel 1, wherein the lysimeter barrel 1 is made of a water-proof and acid-base corrosion-resistant metal material, such as stainless steel.
The evaporation and infiltration barrel 1 is sequentially divided into an earth surface exposed section 11, an earth pillar section 12 and a filtering section 13 from top to bottom. The height of the exposed section 11 is 3-7 cm, the specific height can be adjusted according to the actual rainfall and the flow of the slope surface flow, unnecessary material waste can be caused due to high height, and the external slope surface flow of the lysimeter can not be effectively blocked from entering the lysimeter due to low height, so that the final measurement result is influenced.
The height of the soil column section 12 accounts for 60-75% of the total height of the infiltration barrel 1, and the distribution depth of more than 95% of the plant root systems in the soil is at least 10cm higher than that of the local plant root systems. The height of at least 10cm does not mean that the soil column section is at least 10cm higher than the position of the plant root system, but means that the overall height of the soil column section is more than 10cm longer than the distribution depth of the plant root system compared with the distribution depth of the plant root system. The invention is suitable for all grassland ecosystems, and the preferred application place is alpine grassland, because over 95 percent of plant roots of the alpine grassland are distributed in soil 30cm away from the ground surface, the height of the soil pillar section 12 is preferably 40cm, so as to ensure that the selected soil pillar can cover the roots in the ecosystems as completely as possible and no material is wasted. Preferably, a slight gap is reserved between the soil column in the soil column section 12 and the barrel wall of the evaporation and infiltration barrel 1 to ensure that water flow (slope flow) can be smoothly reserved; if the earth pillar is attached too tightly to the wall of the infiltration tank 1, it may obstruct the flow of the slope flow, resulting in a calculated amount of water of infiltration higher than the actual value.
The height of the filtering section 13 accounts for 20-35% of the total height of the evaporation and permeation barrel 1, materials are wasted due to the fact that the filtering section 13 is too high, the passing rate of water is reduced, and the measuring result is low; if the filter section 13 is too low, the water is not completely filtered, mud, sand and the like enter the water to be measured finally, and the measurement result is higher.
In order to separate the soil seepage water from the slope surface flow, an inner ring 2 which has the same height as the filtering section 13 and is made of the same material as the seepage evaporation barrel 1 is arranged inside the filtering section 13 of the seepage evaporation barrel 1, and the bottom of the inner ring 2 is connected with the bottom of the seepage evaporation barrel 1 in a sealing and water-tight manner. In order to reduce the edge effect, the water received by the inner ring 2 is all soil-permeable water, and more typically, the area of the inner ring 2 needs to be enlarged as much as possible, and enough space is left for the slope flow. As shown in fig. 2, the specific implementation is as follows:
the total height of the soil column section 12 is h, the diameter of the inner ring 2 is D, the diameter of the evaporation and permeation barrel 1 is D, D needs to be designed to be larger than h because of the existence of the slope angle α, the larger the slope angle α is, the larger D is, and the preferable D is h +2tan α.
In order to further determine the diameter d of the inner ring 2, the distance between the inner ring 2 and the filter segment 13 is s, it can be seen from fig. 2 that when the edge of the inner ring 2 is tangent to the vertical auxiliary line, s ═ h · tan α, at this time, the distance between the inner ring 2 and the filter segment 13 reaches the theoretical minimum value, so s ≧ h · tan α, and at the same time, through repeated experiments, s needs to be greater than 5cm to ensure that the edge effect is eliminated, so the maximum value of d is the most preferable value when s > h · tan α and s > 5cm are satisfied.
Through the repeated tests of the computer, under the condition of sloping fields of alpine grasslands, when the diameter D of the inner ring 2 is 70-90% of the diameter D of the evaporation and infiltration barrel 1, the water received inside the inner ring 2 can basically ensure that the water is completely soil-infiltrated water.
The inner ring 2 divides the filtering section 13 into an inner part and an outer part, the two parts are filled with filler and the filler is completely the same, and the two parts are sequentially from bottom to top: gauze with aperture of 1mm, local sandstone cleaned and sieved by 8mm, and gauze with aperture of 1 mm.
An outer ring water outlet 31 is formed in the bottom of the infiltration barrel 1, outside the filtering section 13 and close to the edge of the infiltration barrel 1, and the diameter of the outer ring water outlet 31 is 1-2 cm; an inner ring water outlet 32 is formed in the bottom of the evaporation and infiltration barrel 1, in the filtering section 13 and close to the edge of the inner ring 2, and the diameter of the inner ring water outlet 32 is 1-2 cm. The diameters of the outer ring water outlet 31 and the inner ring water outlet 32 are too large, sand for filtering can leak into the water inlet pipe to block the pipeline; the diameter is too small, the water flow is too small, so that water is easy to deposit in the evaporation and infiltration barrel 1, and the pipe orifice of the water pipe is also easy to be blocked by silt; all affect the assay results. The inner ring water outlet 31 and the outer ring water outlet 32 are arranged on the same side of the infiltration barrel 1, when the infiltration barrel 1 is installed, the infiltration barrel 1 is inclined towards the inner ring water outlet 31 and the outer ring water outlet 32 along the slope, the outer ring water outlet 31 and the inner ring water outlet 32 are respectively positioned at the lowest points of the infiltration barrel 1 and the inner ring 2, and therefore infiltration water and slope surface flow can be ensured to flow out completely.
The outer ring water outlet 31 and the inner ring water outlet 32 are connected to the outer water storage tank 41 and the inner water storage tank 42 through respective self-flowing water pipes. The flowing water pipe means that the water flow can automatically flow into the outer water storage tank 41 and the inner water storage tank 42 without applying an external force. For example: the water pipe is arranged to be horizontal to the ground or the slope surface so as to avoid influencing the flow direction and the flow speed of water; the water inlets of the external water storage tank 41 and the internal water storage tank 42 are both lower than the lowest point of the infiltration barrel 1.
The implementation mode of the invention is as follows:
1. gauze, sandstone (selected from local, washed and sieved by 8 mm) and gauze are sequentially filled in the infiltration barrel 1 provided with the inner ring 2 from bottom to top until the filtering section 13 is completely filled.
2. After the evaporation and infiltration barrel 1 is buried into the ground, the earth pillar with the diameter equal to that of the evaporation and infiltration barrel 1 and the height equal to that of the earth pillar section 12 is cut, the earth pillar with the diameter equal to that of the evaporation and infiltration barrel 1 and the height equal to that of the earth pillar section 12 is placed on the filled filter section 13, the earth pillar is trimmed and filled, the earth pillar is made to just fill the earth pillar section 12, and a gap is formed between the wall of the evaporation and infiltration barrel 1 and the edge of the earth pillar, so that water flow can smoothly flow down along the inner.
3. Water pipes corresponding to the outer ring water outlet 31 and the inner ring water outlet 32 are installed and connected, and an outer water storage tank 41 and an inner water storage tank 42 are placed.
4. The lysimetric barrel 1 is buried underground carefully, and only the exposed section 11 is exposed on the ground, so as to avoid the entry of slope flow outside the lysimeter.
5. Let the area of the inner ring 2 be SInner partThe total area of the steam infiltration barrel 1 is SGeneral assemblyThe water receiving amount of the external water storage tank 41 is YOuter coverThe water receiving amount of the internal water storage tank 42 is YInner part。
Then the water yield Y of the permeation water measured by the lysimeterOozing out＝SGeneral assembly/SInner part×YInner part(ii) a Water yield Y of slope surface flow measured by lysimeterDiameter of a pipe＝YOuter cover-[(SGeneral assembly-SInner part)/SInner part×YInner part]。
6. Monitoring the permeation time: after one precipitation, the increase of the water amount in the external water storage tank 41 and the internal water storage tank 42 is monitored periodically according to actual conditions (such as every day, every half day, every several hours, and the like); until the water amount increase value of the internal water storage tank 42 becomes zero continuously for one day, it is regarded as one time of permeation completion. And subtracting 1 day from the time of beginning water storage to the end of permeation to obtain the first permeation time. In addition, for convenient monitoring, the external water storage tank 41 and the internal water storage tank 42 can be directly placed in the pit, the pit is not filled with soil, and only a cover plate with weak heat transfer capacity is covered on the pit; of course, other installation modes which are convenient for monitoring and water storage can be selected.
It should be noted that the names used throughout the present invention: the steam infiltration barrel 1, and the shape of the steam infiltration barrel embodied in the attached drawings: the barrel shape is for convenience of illustration and is not intended to limit the use of only the barrel shape for the lysi barrel 1. Because most of the application occasions of the invention are sloping fields, the evaporation and infiltration barrel 1 naturally has a slope with the horizontal plane after being installed, and water received by the evaporation and infiltration barrel 1 during working can automatically flow to a target position under the action of gravity; this is preferably barrel-shaped in order to save manufacturing costs. But the present invention can also be applied to flat ground or places with small slope, and at this time, the steam infiltration barrel 1 can be set to a shape which is convenient for installation and convenient for the water to flow to the target position, such as slope shape, trapezoid shape, etc. according to the actual situation of the place.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an evaporate and ooze appearance which characterized in that: the device comprises a steaming and permeating barrel (1), wherein the steaming and permeating barrel (1) is divided into three parts, namely an exposed section (11), an earth pillar section (12) and a filtering section (13) from top to bottom;
the exposed sections (11) extend out of the ground completely and are 3-7 cm high;
the height of the soil column section (12) is 60-75% of the total height of the infiltration barrel (1), and the distribution depth of more than 95% of the plant root systems in the soil is at least 10cm higher than that of the local plant root systems; the soil pillar section (12) is filled with soil in the soil;
the inner part of the filtering section (13) is also provided with an inner ring (2) which has the same height as the filtering section (13) and is hermetically connected with the bottom of the evaporation and permeation barrel (1);
the inner part of the inner ring (2), the filter section (13) and the inner ring (2) are filled with the same fillers capable of filtering silt;
an outer ring water outlet (31) is arranged at the lowest position of the bottom between the filtering section (13) and the inner ring (2); an inner ring water outlet (32) is arranged at the lowest position of the bottom of the inner ring (2);
the outer ring water outlet (31) and the inner ring water outlet (32) are respectively connected with the outer water storage tank (41) and the inner water storage tank (42) through a flowing water pipe.
2. The lysimeter of claim 1, wherein: the evaporation and infiltration barrel (1) is made of waterproof and anti-corrosion materials, and the inner ring (2) and the evaporation and infiltration barrel (1) are made of the same materials.
3. The lysimeter of claim 1, wherein: when the evaporation and permeation barrel (1) is obliquely arranged, the outer ring water outlet (31) is arranged at the bottom of the evaporation and permeation barrel (1), outside the filtering section (13) and close to the lowest part of the edge of the evaporation and permeation barrel (1); the inner ring water outlet (32) is arranged at the bottom of the evaporation and permeation barrel (1), inside the filtering section (13) and close to the lowest part of the edge of the inner ring (2).
4. The lysimeter of claim 1, wherein: the relationship between the diameter of the inner ring (2) and the distance between the filter section (13) and the inner ring (2) is as follows:
the diameter of the inner ring (2) is d, the distance between the inner ring (2) and the filtering section (13) is s, the total height of the soil column section (12) is h, and the slope angle α is set, wherein the value of d is the maximum value which can be reached when s is more than h-tan α and s is more than 5 cm.
5. The lysimeter of claim 1, wherein: the soil in the soil pillar section (12) is: and burying the lysimeter underground, intercepting columnar soil with the diameter equivalent to the lysimeter barrel (1) and the height equivalent to the soil column section (12) at the equal-height position of the soil column section (12), and finishing and filling the soil to ensure that the soil column section (12) is just filled with the soil.
6. The lysimeter of claim 1, wherein: the filler inside the inner ring (2) and between the filter section (13) and the inner ring (2) is sequentially from bottom to top: gauze, sand and gauze selected from local cleaned sand and gauze sieved by 8 mm.
7. The lysimeter of claim 1, wherein: the diameters of the outer ring water outlet (31) and the inner ring water outlet (32) are both 1-2 cm.
8. A method for measuring the amount of permeated water and the slope flow by using the lysimeter of claim 1, comprising the steps of: the area of the inner ring (2) is SInner partThe total area of the evaporation and permeation barrel (1) is SGeneral assemblyThe water receiving capacity of the external water storage tank (41) is YOuter coverThe water receiving amount of the internal water storage tank (42) is YInner part；
The amount of the permeated water YOozing out＝SGeneral assembly/SInner part×YInner part(ii) a The slope surface flow rate YDiameter of a pipe＝YOuter cover-[(SGeneral assembly-SInner part)/SInner part×YInner part]。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810809661.7A CN108918389B (en) | 2018-07-23 | 2018-07-23 | Non-weighing type lysimeter capable of respectively measuring seepage water volume and slope water volume |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810809661.7A CN108918389B (en) | 2018-07-23 | 2018-07-23 | Non-weighing type lysimeter capable of respectively measuring seepage water volume and slope water volume |
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| CN108918389B true CN108918389B (en) | 2020-08-07 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2599583Y (en) * | 2003-01-17 | 2004-01-14 | 中国农业大学 | Pressure inspiration drain type evaporation permeation apparatus |
| CN2692670Y (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2005-04-13 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Soil evaporation penetration apparatus |
| CN100468014C (en) * | 2007-02-17 | 2009-03-11 | 奕永庆 | Precipitation runoff measuring device and method thereof |
| CN101788543B (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2011-02-23 | 北京市水利科学研究所 | Lysimeter |
| CN104266941A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2015-01-07 | 天津大学 | Indoor rainfall infiltration test simulation system |
| CN204467273U (en) * | 2015-03-14 | 2015-07-15 | 温州凯尔特五金有限公司 | The convenient draw-bar box handle regulating height |
| CN106769794A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-05-31 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | The bicyclic infiltration experiment device in assembled scene and its method |
| CN207423756U (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-05-29 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 | A kind of soil water leakage measurement device |
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