CN108915728A - Tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing based on gantry type support invades limit and changes arch construction method - Google Patents
Tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing based on gantry type support invades limit and changes arch construction method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 129
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 129
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/107—Reinforcing elements therefor; Holders for the reinforcing elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
- E21D11/183—Supporting means for arch members, not provided for in E21D11/22
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- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
Limit, which is invaded, the invention discloses a kind of tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing based on gantry type support changes arch construction method, including step：One, interim inverted arch construction：The need for carrying out changing arch are needed to change in arch section interim inverted arch of constructing in institute's construction tunnel；Two, gantry type support construction erects：It is erected on interim inverted arch multiple to the gantry type support construction for needing to change arch and being supported；Three, arch construction is changed：Since arch abutment is changed in starting, to need to change arch section in Tunnel structure remove, synchronized in demolishing process to need to change arch section carry out preliminary bracing construction, Tunnel structure after being replaced.The method of the present invention step is simple, design is reasonable and easy construction, using effect are good, based on interim inverted arch and use gantry type support construction, structural integrity is strong, basis is firm, it can effectively solve the problems such as tunnel changes the inclination of arch steelframe, collapses, it is safe and reliable to change arch work progress, and does not influence Tunnel Construction Schedule.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of tunnel construction, more particularly, to a kind of tunnel arch wall initial stage based on gantry type support
Supporting invades limit and changes arch construction method.
Background technique
With the fast development of high-speed railway, highway capacity requires to continue to increase, the special tunnel of two-wire big cross section visitor, three vehicles
Road, four-lane highway large cross-section tunnel are commonplace.
Tunnel Engineering is still generally drill bursting construction at present, using New Austrian Tunneling Method principle：The bearing capacity of country rock itself is utilized,
Weak surrounding rock applies steelframe (also referred to as steel arch-shelf or arch) support after excavating, anchor, net, the flexible preliminary bracing limitation country rock of spray become
Shape, i.e. Tunnel structure；After surrouding rock deformation convergence, then row applies secondary lining.Tunnel support structure and later period branch
Protection structure (i.e. Tunnel Second Lining) forms composite lining of tunnel structure.For narrow-bore tunnel, large cross-section tunnel
Construction is easier to cause preliminary bracing to invade limit, and features as poor geologic condition, construction operation be lack of standardization, construction technology or construction organization are unreasonable
Etc. factors cause preliminary bracing vault sinking, abutment wall convergence, arch deformation intrusion secondary lining range.To ensure tunnel double-lining knot
The arch that needs to change that Tunnel must just be invaded limit section by structure thickness removes replacement, and also referred to as tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing is invaded
Limit changes arch construction.Tunnel invades limit section (also referred to as limit section is invaded in tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing) and refers to Tunnel knot
Structure deforms and invades the tunnel construction sections (also referred to as tunnel segment) of the locating construction section of Tunnel Second Lining, referred to as invades limit section.
Traditional arch dismounting replacement way that needs to change is off excavation operation, closes face, limits section arch base to invading
Plinth does the perpendicular support of backing plate erection or diagonal brace using steel plate and needs to change arch to support, and arch striking after slip casting is digged and installed new
Arch, last combined bolting and shotcrete.Such tradition changes arch method while influencing tunnel excavation construction speed, however it remains safety is hidden
Suffer from, there are certain defects：If the vertical, horizontal of the perpendicular support of single-point or diagonal brace does not connect, built on the sand, dismantling concrete uses more on basis
Impact grinding hammer, it is easy to because vertical or oblique fulcrum unbalance stress causes arch inclination to be collapsed；It will cause " to close the door " when serious
Accident.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that providing a kind of based on door frame
The tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing of formula support invades limit and changes arch construction method, and method and step is simple, designs reasonable and easy construction, makes
It is good with effect, based on interim inverted arch and gantry type support construction is used, structural integrity is strong, and basis is firm, can effectively solve
The problems such as certainly tunnel changes the inclination of arch steelframe, collapses, it is safe and reliable to change arch work progress, and do not influence Tunnel Construction Schedule.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that：A kind of tunnel arch based on gantry type support
Wall preliminary bracing invades limit and changes arch construction method, which is characterized in that this approach includes the following steps：
Step 1: interim inverted arch construction：The need for carrying out changing arch are needed to change in arch section interim inverted arch of constructing in institute's construction tunnel；
The arch section that need to change is that the intracorporal Tunnel structure in tunnel top hole has been constructed completion and tunnel lower part hole
The tunnel construction sections that body does not excavate；
It is described need to change arch section by invade limit section and two be located at invade limit section front and rear sides extended segment be formed by connecting, it is described
Invading limit section is that the intracorporal Tunnel structure in tunnel top hole deforms and invades the tunnel construction sections of limit, and two extended segments are equal
To invade the adjacent and interconnected tunnel construction sections of limit section with described in institute's construction tunnel, arch is needed to change in two extended segments
Quantity is no less than 3 Pin；It is described need to change arch be in the Tunnel structure to the arch wall of tunnel top hole body into
The steel arch-shelf of row supporting, all steel arch-shelfs that need to be changed in arch section in the Tunnel structure are to need to change arch
Frame；
The interim inverted arch is laid along tunnel longitudinal extension, and the interim inverted arch is located at the tunnel top side Dong Tinei bottom
Portion；The interim inverted arch includes multiple interim inverted arch brackets laid from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension, by multiple institutes
Interim inverted arch bracket is stated to be fastenedly connected the longitudinal connection structure being integrated and do not excavate in the tunnel lower part that need to be changed in arch section
The inverted arch concrete pouring structure of pouring molding on rock mass, the interim inverted arch bracket and the longitudinal connection structure pour in
In inverted arch concrete pouring structure；The longitudinal connection structure include multiple tracks along interim inverted arch bracket length direction from left to right
The longitudinal connecting member of laying, the longitudinal connecting member are laid along tunnel longitudinal extension, longitudinal connecting member described in per pass with
Multiple interim inverted arch brackets are fastenedly connected；The interim inverted arch bracket is the arch for being laid in side bottom in the body of tunnel top hole
Shape bracket, the interim inverted arch bracket are supported in tunnel lower part and do not excavate on rock mass, and the underface of arch is needed to change described in every Pin
Be provided with the interim inverted arch bracket, needed to change described in every Pin arch be located at its immediately below interim inverted arch bracket
It is laid on same tunnel cross section and the two forms a closed support frame, the left and right two of each interim inverted arch bracket
End is fastenedly connected with the left and right sides lower part for needing to change arch being located at right above it respectively；
Step 2: gantry type support construction erects：Erected on the interim inverted arch described in step 1 it is multiple to need to change arch
The gantry type support construction that frame is supported, it is multiple described to need to change arch and laid from front to back along tunnel longitudinal extension；
The gantry type support construction is located above inverted arch concrete pouring structure；
Arch abutment is changed for starting in described one end that need to change arch section, and described need to change in arch section changes the one of arch abutment near the starting
Needed to change described in Pin arch for starting replacement arch, it is described need to change arch section in except it is described starting replacement arch in addition to it is all need to be more
Changing arch is that need to support steel arch-shelf；It needs support steel arch-shelf to pass through the gantry type support construction described in every Pin to be propped up
It supports, needs support steel arch-shelf to be laid in same tunnel with the gantry type support construction supported described in every Pin cross-section
On face；The gantry type support construction, each closed support are provided in each closed support frame
The arch that needs to change in frame is fastenedly connected by the gantry type support construction with interim inverted arch bracket and is integrated；
Each gantry type support construction include one be fixed on interim inverted arch bracket and to need to change arch into
The gate type support frame and be laid in the support component on same tunnel cross section, the support component with gate type support frame that row supports
It is laid on gate type support frame；The gate type support frame be located at interim inverted arch bracket in the same closed support frame with
It needs to change between arch, the gate type support frame and needs to change to be fastenedly connected between arch by the support component and be integrated,
The support component includes being supported on the left of gate type support frame and needing to change Left-side support part between arch left lower, support
On the right side of gate type support frame and needs to change right side supporting piece and Duo Gen between arch lower right side and be supported in gate-type from left to right
At the top of support frame and need to change the top support between arch, the Left-side support part, right side supporting piece and top support
It is laid on same plane；
Step 3: changing arch construction：Since arch abutment is changed in the starting, to the tunnel initial-stage branch that need to be changed in arch section
Protection structure is removed, and is synchronized in demolishing process and is carried out preliminary bracing construction to the arch section that need to change, after being replaced at the beginning of tunnel
Phase supporting construction.
The above-mentioned tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing based on gantry type support invades limit and changes arch construction method, it is characterized in that：Step 1
Described in need to change arch be grid steel frame；The left and right sides lower part that arch is needed to change described in every Pin is laid with a support ox
Leg, needs to change that two support brackets on arch are symmetrically laid in above interim inverted arch bracket and the two is equal described in every Pin
Positioned at needing to change on the inside of arch, pass through between the left and right ends of interim inverted arch bracket and the left and right sides lower part for needing to change arch
One support bracket is fastenedly connected；Each support bracket includes that multiple tracks is connected in parallel to interim inverted arch bracket
With need to change the spiral between arch, the spiral tilts gradually downward from outside to inside, spiral described in multiple tracks
It from top to bottom lays and it is laid on same plane with the arch that needs to change being connect；
It is provided with arch springing concrete pouring structure at left and right sides of the bottom of tunnel top hole body, is needed more described in every Pin
The left and right sides arch springing for changing arch is both secured on the arch springing concrete pouring structure, and two arch springing concrete pour
Building structure is symmetrically arranged and the two is poured with inverted arch concrete pouring structure and is integrated；Arch springing concrete pouring structure edge
Tunnel longitudinal extension is laid, and two support brackets on arch are needed to change described in every Pin and are poured described in two respectively
In arch springing concrete pouring structure, the upper surface of each arch springing concrete pouring structure internal support bracket with it
Upper surface flush；
Arch is needed to change described in every Pin passes through support bracket, arch springing concrete pouring structure and inverted arch concreting knot
Structure is fastenedly connected and is integrated with the interim inverted arch bracket being located at immediately below it, it is described need to change in arch section all to need to change arch equal
It is fastenedly connected and is integrated with the interim inverted arch by two arch springing concrete pouring structures；
After the completion of the construction of interim inverted arch described in step 1, the left and right sides lower part of arch need to be also needed to change described in every Pin
A support bracket is laid, then is respectively provided with arch springing concrete pouring structure at left and right sides of the bottom of tunnel top hole body.
The above-mentioned tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing based on gantry type support invades limit and changes arch construction method, it is characterized in that：Step 1
When the interim inverted arch of middle progress is constructed, process is as follows：
Step 101, interim inverted arch rack construction：It is described need to change arch section every Pin described in need to change arch underface it is equal
One interim inverted arch bracket is set, and each interim inverted arch bracket is made to need to change arch with right above it
It is fastenedly connected and is integrated；
Step 102, longitudinal connection structure construction：To it is described need to change arch section it is all need to change to be respectively provided with immediately below arch face
When inverted arch bracket after, construct to the longitudinal connection structure, and by the longitudinal connection structure will it is multiple it is described temporarily
Inverted arch bracket, which is fastenedly connected, to be integrated；
Step 103, inverted arch concreting：Concreting, poured coagulation are carried out to inverted arch concrete pouring structure
The strength grade of soil is not higher than C25.
The above-mentioned tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing based on gantry type support invades limit and changes arch construction method, it is characterized in that：Step 1
Described in replace described in the intracorporal Tunnel structure in tunnel top hole and step 3 after Tunnel structure it is equal
For using the steel arch-shelf of steel arch-shelf and anchor net unit support method construction molding and anchor net unit support structure and the two
Structure is all the same, and the steel arch-shelf and anchor net unit support structure are to carry out supporting to the tunnel arch wall of tunnel top hole body
The first branch structure of arch wall.
The above-mentioned tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing based on gantry type support invades limit and changes arch construction method, it is characterized in that：To being applied
When work tunnel is excavated, excavated using bench cut method；The Tunnel of institute's construction tunnel include tunnel top hole body and
Tunnel lower part hole body below the body of tunnel top hole；
When being excavated using bench cut method to institute's construction tunnel, first along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to tunnel
Road top hole body is excavated, and synchronous digging molding tunnel top hole body split from the front to the back carries out initial stage branch in digging process
Shield, and obtain Tunnel structure described in step 1；Tunnel top hole body is carried out in digging process, along tunnel longitudinal direction
Extending direction synchronizes tunnel lower part hole body excavate from the front to the back；The excavation progress of tunnel lower part hole body is later than
The excavation progress of tunnel top hole body；
It is the rear end that need to change arch section that arch abutment is changed described in step 1；
When carrying out changing arch construction in step 3, since arch abutment is changed in the starting, it need to change in arch section described from the front to the back
The Tunnel structure removed.
The above-mentioned tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing based on gantry type support invades limit and changes arch construction method, it is characterized in that：The steel
Arch and anchor net unit support structure include the steel arch-shelf, more that more Pin are laid from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension
A suspension roof support structure laid from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension, the steel mesh being mounted on multiple steel arch-shelfs
Piece and the concrete ejection layer being injected on Tunnel inner wall, the reinforced mesh and multiple steel arch-shelfs are both secured to coagulation
In native jetted layers；The steel arch-shelf is located on the inside of the reinforced mesh；Each suspension roof support structure includes multiple along tunnel
Road excavation contour line is laid in the anchor pole in tunnel arch wall, and multiple anchor poles are laid on the same tunnel cross section；Before
The anchor pole in the two neighboring suspension roof support structure is in and is laid staggeredly afterwards；
When being removed in step 3 to the Tunnel structure, along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back into
Row is removed.
The above-mentioned tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing based on gantry type support invades limit and changes arch construction method, it is characterized in that：Step 3
In when being removed to the Tunnel structure, according to the excavation contour line that need to change arch section being pre-designed, edge
Tunnel longitudinal extension cuts the concrete ejection layer from the front to the back, and carries out secondary excavation to the arch section that need to change；
During being cut to the concrete ejection layer, the concrete ejection layer is cut from the front to the back rear exposed
The steel arch-shelf replaced one by one.
The above-mentioned tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing based on gantry type support invades limit and changes arch construction method, it is characterized in that：Step 3
In change arch construction before, also need to carry out grouting and reinforcing to the arch wall that need to change arch section；
Gate type support frame described in step 2 is arranged vertically, described to need to change arch, gate type support frame and temporarily face upward
Arch trestle is laid on same vertical plane；The gate type support frame include lower beam, the upper beam right above lower beam,
The more vertical struts being supported between lower beam and upper beam from left to right and two symmetric supports are at left and right sides of lower beam
The vertical supports of lower section, the length of the lower beam are greater than the length of upper beam, and the upper beam and lower beam are respectively positioned on temporarily
The surface of inverted arch bracket；Clear distance between two vertical supports is not less than 4.5m, the lower beam and interim inverted arch branch
Clear distance between in the middle part of frame is not less than 4.5m.
The above-mentioned tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing based on gantry type support invades limit and changes arch construction method, it is characterized in that：Step 1
Middle institute's construction tunnel is large cross-section tunnel, and described in two extended segments to need to change the quantity of arch be 3 Pin；It is described interim
Inverted arch bracket is the arch support that the left and right sides is gradually bent upwards；
The interim inverted arch bracket is shape steel bracket, and both ends of the interim inverted arch bracket and needing to change are filled between arch
It is filled with billet, the billet and interim inverted arch bracket and needs to change arch and be welded and fixed and be integrated.
The above-mentioned tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing based on gantry type support invades limit and changes arch construction method, it is characterized in that：Step 3
In to it is described need to change arch section in the Tunnel structure remove when, first to the starting replacement arch progress more
It changes, then steel arch-shelf need to be supported replace by Pin to described from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension；
When being replaced to starting replacement arch, starting replacement arch is removed, and is replaced in the starting
Again steel arch-shelf is erected at arch present position, the steel arch-shelf erected again is to have replaced steel arch-shelf；
To it is described steel arch-shelf need to be supported to replace when, steel arch-shelf and the gantry type support construction need to be supported by first disconnecting this
Between connection, then this it is described steel arch-shelf need to be supported to remove, and frame again need to be supported at steel arch-shelf present position at this
Vertical steel arch-shelf, the steel arch-shelf erected again are to have replaced steel arch-shelf；Steel arch-shelf need to be supported to carry out in demolishing process this, it will be to this
The gantry type support construction that steel arch-shelf need to be supported to be supported moves backward and steel arch-shelf rear side need to be supported adjacent this
Steel arch-shelf has been replaced to be supported.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages：
1, method and step is simple, design is reasonable and easy construction, and investment construction cost is lower.
2, used interim inverted arch is reasonable in design, easy construction and can provide a solid, firm branch support group
Plinth, interim inverted arch include and need to change interim inverted arch bracket that arch is correspondingly arranged, all interim inverted arch brackets are connected as one
It the longitudinal connection structure of body and is supported in tunnel lower part and does not excavate inverted arch concrete pouring structure on rock mass, interim inverted arch bracket
With invade limit arch composition gate type support frame and can make need to change the Tunnel features simple structure of arch section inner tunnel top hole body, quickly
Closing cyclization, longitudinal connection structure and interim inverted arch bracket are poured in inverted arch concrete pouring structure, and structural integrity is strong,
It is firm to support.
4, the gantry type support construction being made of gate type support frame and support component is correspondingly arranged with arch is needed to change, to face
When inverted arch based on and be supported using gantry type support construction, thoroughly solve tunnel change arch steelframe inclination collapse it is equal safely
Hidden danger.
5, gantry type support construction can be used as operation platform, and convenient operating personnel carries out changing arch by Pin.
6, change in arch work progress that traffic is unaffected in hole, face each process can normal operation, do not influence tunnel and apply
Work progress.
7, it changes that arch easy construction, using effect are good and practical value is high, changes before arch using interim inverted arch and gantry type support
Structure connection is supported reinforcing to tunnel, and support is firm, and construction safety can be effectively ensured；Also, it is basic to change arch operation process
Face normal construction is not influenced, and there is easy construction, do not influence the distinguishing features such as tunnel normal construction progress, safe and reliable.
The present invention proposes that a kind of completely new large cross-section tunnel changes arch construction method, is formed using interim inverted arch and gantry type support construction
Change structural support, have safety coefficient is high, easy to operate, front face can normally excavation construction, do not influence the duration etc.
Distinguishing feature；In addition, invading preliminary bracing in limit usually tunnel top hole body due to tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing invades limit seriously, institute
What is used changes structural support as the intracorporal support construction in tunnel top hole, and tunnel changes arch work progress only in tunnel top hole body
Interior progress can be saved significantly and change arch construction cost, simplified and changed arch work progress, save the duration, and tunnel changes arch and constructed
Journey carries out before tunnel lower part hole body excavation, Tunnel not yet full-face tunneling at this time, thus the support for changing structural support is steady
Solidity can further be guaranteed, and change arch work progress and be easier to carry out, while tunnel arch wall supporting is stronger, more effectively
In safety for tunnel engineering, it is particularly suitable for large cross-section tunnel and changes arch construction.Meanwhile change arch work progress it is safe and reliable, steel arch-shelf
In replacement process, each gantry type support construction moves back one by one and carries out continued support, energy to the adjacent steel arch-shelf of replacement of rear side
All gantry type support constructions during changing arch are effectively ensured and are in effective holding state, ensure that tunnel support is imitated to the full extent
Fruit effectively overcomes the defect that tradition changes arch construction method.
In conclusion the method for the present invention step is simple, design is reasonable and easy construction, using effect are good, with interim inverted arch
Based on and use gantry type support construction, structural integrity is strong, and basis is firm, can effectively solve tunnel change the inclination of arch steelframe,
It is safe and reliable to change arch work progress, and does not influence Tunnel Construction Schedule for the problems such as collapsing.
Below by drawings and examples, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is construction method flow diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the holding state schematic diagram of the present invention interim inverted arch bracket and gantry type support construction.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention interim inverted arch bracket and gantry type support construction.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the interim inverted arch of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the holding state schematic diagram of present invention support bracket.
Description of symbols:
1-tunnel top hole body；2-interim inverted arch brackets；3-gate type support framves；
3-1-lower beam；3-2-upper beam；3-3-vertical supports；
The vertical strut of 3-4-；4-need to change arch；5-Left-side support parts；
6-right side supporting pieces；7-top supports；
Rock mass is not excavated in 8-tunnels lower part；9-billets；
10-inverted arch concrete pouring structures；11-support brackets；12-longitudinally connected fashioned iron；
13-longitudinally connected reinforcing bars；14-arch springing concrete pouring structures；
15-lock foot anchoring stocks.
Specific embodiment
A kind of tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing based on gantry type support as shown in Figure 1 invades limit and changes arch construction method, including
Following steps：
Step 1: interim inverted arch construction：The need for carrying out changing arch are needed to change in arch section interim inverted arch of constructing in institute's construction tunnel；
The arch section that need to change is that the Tunnel structure in tunnel top hole body 1 has been constructed completion and tunnel lower part hole
The tunnel construction sections that body does not excavate, are detailed in Fig. 2；
It is described need to change arch section by invade limit section and two be located at invade limit section front and rear sides extended segment be formed by connecting, it is described
Invading limit section is that the Tunnel structure in tunnel top hole body 1 deforms and invades the tunnel construction sections of limit, two extended segments
It is to invade the adjacent and interconnected tunnel construction sections of limit section with described in institute's construction tunnel, needs to change arch in two extended segments
4 quantity is no less than 3 Pin；The arch 4 that needs to change is the arch in the Tunnel structure to tunnel top hole body 1
Wall carries out the steel arch-shelf of supporting, and all steel arch-shelfs that need to be changed in arch section in the Tunnel structure are to need to change
Arch 4；
The interim inverted arch is laid along tunnel longitudinal extension, and the interim inverted arch is located at 1 inside of tunnel top hole body
Bottom；In conjunction with Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the interim inverted arch includes multiple facing along what tunnel longitudinal extension was laid from the front to the back
When inverted arch bracket 2, multiple interim inverted arch brackets 2 are fastenedly connected the longitudinal connection structure being integrated and arch need to be changed described
The inverted arch concrete pouring structure 10 of pouring molding on rock mass 8, interim 2 He of inverted arch bracket are not excavated in tunnel lower part in section
The longitudinal connection structure is poured in inverted arch concrete pouring structure 10；The longitudinal connection structure includes multiple tracks along interim
The longitudinal connecting member that the length direction of inverted arch bracket 2 is laid from left to right, the longitudinal connecting member is along tunnel longitudinal extension
It lays, longitudinal connecting member described in per pass is fastenedly connected with multiple interim inverted arch brackets 2；The interim inverted arch bracket 2 is
It is laid in the arch support of 1 inside bottom of tunnel top hole body, the interim inverted arch bracket 2 is supported in tunnel lower part and does not excavate rock
On body 8, the underface that arch 4 is needed to change described in every Pin is provided with the interim inverted arch bracket 2, needs to change described in every Pin
Arch 4 is laid on same tunnel cross section with the interim inverted arch bracket 2 being located at immediately below it and the two forms a closing
Formula support frame, the left and right ends of each interim inverted arch bracket 2 respectively be located at its right above the left and right for needing to change arch 4
Two side lower parts are fastenedly connected；
Step 2: gantry type support construction erects：Erected on the interim inverted arch described in step 1 it is multiple to need to change arch
The gantry type support construction that frame 4 is supported, multiple arches 4 that need to change are along tunnel longitudinal extension cloth from front to back
If；The gantry type support construction is located at 10 top of inverted arch concrete pouring structure；
Arch abutment is changed for starting in described one end that need to change arch section, and described need to change in arch section changes the one of arch abutment near the starting
Arch 4 is needed to change described in Pin as starting replacement arch, described need to change encircles the interior all need in addition to the starting replacement arch of section
Replacing arch 4 is that need to support steel arch-shelf；Needed described in every Pin support steel arch-shelf pass through the gantry type support construction into
Row supports, and support steel arch-shelf is needed to be laid in same tunnel with the gantry type support construction supported described in every Pin
On cross section；The gantry type support construction is provided in each closed support frame, it is each described closed
The arch 4 that needs to change in support frame is fastenedly connected by the gantry type support construction with interim inverted arch bracket 2 and is integrated；
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, each gantry type support construction include one be fixed on interim inverted arch bracket 2 and
To needing to change gate type support frame 3 that arch 4 is supported and be laid in the support on same tunnel cross section with gate type support frame 3
Component, the support component are laid on gate type support frame 3；The gate type support frame 3 is located at the same closed support
It interim inverted arch bracket 2 in frame and needs to change between arch 4, the gate type support frame 3 and needs to change between arch 4 by described
Support component, which is fastenedly connected, to be integrated, and the support component includes being supported in 3 left side of gate type support frame and needing to change 4 left side of arch
Left-side support part 5 between lower part is supported in 3 right side of gate type support frame and needs to change the right side branch between 4 lower right side of arch
Support member 6 and Duo Gen are supported in 3 top of gate type support frame from left to right and need to change the top support 7 between arch 4, the left side
Side support 5, right side supporting piece 6 and top support 7 are laid on same plane；
Step 3: changing arch construction：Since arch abutment is changed in the starting, to the tunnel initial-stage branch that need to be changed in arch section
Protection structure is removed, and is synchronized in demolishing process and is carried out preliminary bracing construction to the arch section that need to change, after being replaced at the beginning of tunnel
Phase supporting construction.
In the present embodiment, described in two extended segments in step 1 to need to change the quantity of arch 4 be 3 Pin.Step
Tunnel structure described in one is tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing structure.
When practice of construction, according to specific needs, the quantity for needing to change arch 4 described in two extended segments is carried out
Corresponding adjustment.Wherein, the quantity that arch 4 is needed to change in the extended segment is more, and the length of the extended segment is longer.By institute
It states and invades limit section front and rear sides extended segment is respectively set, can effectively ensure construction safety, tunnel structure is more firm after making to change arch construction.
The interim inverted arch bracket 2 is supported in the tunnel lower part that need to be changed in arch section and does not excavate on rock mass 8, described interim
Inverted arch further includes not excavating the inverted arch concrete pouring structure 10 of pouring molding on rock mass 8, the inverted arch coagulation in tunnel lower part
Native pouring structure 10 is located at below the gantry type support construction.
In the present embodiment, the interim inverted arch bracket 2 and the longitudinal connection structure are poured in inverted arch concreting
In structure 10.
Thus, the globality of the interim inverted arch is strong, stabilized structure, solid base can be provided interim inverted arch bracket 2, with
Firm support is carried out to arch 4 is needed to change.
The supporting construction of institute's construction tunnel is composite lining structure, at the beginning of the composite lining structure includes the tunnel
Branch structure and positioned at the Tunnel Second Lining at the beginning of the tunnel on the inside of branch structure.The country rock of institute's construction tunnel is IV grade of country rock or V
Grade country rock, surrounding rock stability are poor.Also, institute's construction tunnel is large cross-section tunnel in step 1.
The large cross-section tunnel refers to tunnel cross section product > 50m2Tunnel.In the present embodiment, the large cross-section tunnel
Excavation width is not less than 10m and its tunnel height is not less than 8m.Wherein, excavation width, which refers to, considers secondary lining, tunnel
The maximum excavation width of outline excavation after preliminary bracing structure and deformation allowance, thus excavation width is tunnel excavation contour line
Maximum width.Tunnel height is the maximum height of tunnel excavation contour line, i.e. height in the middle part of tunnel excavation contour line.
In the present embodiment, when being excavated to institute's construction tunnel, excavated using bench cut method；Institute's construction tunnel
Tunnel includes tunnel top hole body 1 and the tunnel lower part hole body positioned at 1 lower section of tunnel top hole body；
When being excavated using bench cut method to institute's construction tunnel, first along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to tunnel
Road top hole body 1 is excavated, and synchronous split digging molding tunnel top hole body 1 from the front to the back carries out initial stage branch in digging process
Shield, and obtain Tunnel structure described in step 1；Tunnel top hole body 1 is carried out in digging process, it is vertical along tunnel
Tunnel lower part hole body is synchronized from the front to the back to extending direction and is excavated；The excavation progress evening of tunnel lower part hole body
In the excavation progress of tunnel top hole body 1.
Just branch structure includes that the tunnel initial-stage branch of preliminary bracing is carried out to the arch wall of tunnel top hole body 1 in the tunnel
Protection structure and two left and right sides abutment walls to tunnel lower part hole body carry out the abutment wall preliminary bracing structure of supporting, two institutes
It states abutment wall preliminary bracing symmetrical configuration to be laid in below the left and right sides of the Tunnel structure, at the beginning of two abutment walls
Phase supporting construction is connected as one with the Tunnel fastening structure.
When being excavated using bench cut method, excavated using up/down steps excavating load or three benching tunnelling methods.Using upper
When excavating load of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation is excavated, the interim inverted arch bracket 2 is supported in get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation on；It is excavated using three benching tunnelling methods
When, the interim inverted arch bracket 2 is supported on middle step.
The limit section of invading is that the Tunnel structure in tunnel top hole body 1 deforms and invades the tunnel construction sections of limit, real
When border is constructed, during tunnel the longitudinal extension from the front to the back progress of tunnel top hole body 1 preliminary bracing, become using tunnel
Shape monitors system and carries out deformation monitoring to the Tunnel structure of construction molding, and judges tunnel according to monitoring result
Whether preliminary bracing structure, which deforms, is invaded limit, and deform to Tunnel structure invade limit tunnel construction sections carry out it is true
It is fixed, it specifically deforms to Tunnel structure and invades the front and back end positions of the tunnel construction sections of limit and be determined respectively.
As shown in figure 3, the interim inverted arch bracket 2 is the arch support that the left and right sides is gradually bent upwards.Thus, it is described
Interim inverted arch bracket 2 is antiarch shape.Compared to linear bracket, the interim inverted arch bracket 2 of antiarch shape is collapsed and is supported by bottom
The supporting power for needing to change the external side wall rock of arch 4 can be effectively improved, and firm support, while institute can be carried out to arch 4 is needed to change
The closed support frame globality formed is stronger, and is more convenient for and needs to change 4 lower part of arch and be reliably connected.
Firm to support, the bottom shape of tunnel top hole body 1 is identical as the shape of interim inverted arch bracket 2, thus
The bottom of tunnel top hole body 1 is antiarch shape, and the structure of formed tunnel top hole body 1 in this way is more firm.Practice of construction, it is described
The bottom of tunnel top hole body 1 may be plane.
In the present embodiment, the shape of the transverse shape of the inverted arch concrete pouring structure 10 and interim inverted arch bracket 2
It is identical.The cross section of the inverted arch concrete pouring structure 10 is antiarch shape.
Firm for simple processing and support, the interim inverted arch bracket 2 is shape steel bracket.It is further in the present embodiment
Enhance the connection reliability of interim inverted arch bracket 2 and inverted arch concrete pouring structure 10, and interim inverted arch bracket 2 of being more convenient for
Easy, steady installation, the interim inverted arch bracket 2 are bent by an I-steel.
It is described interim to ensure interim inverted arch bracket 2 and needing to change the connection reliability between arch 4 in the present embodiment
The both ends of inverted arch bracket 2 and need to change between arch 4 plug and be filled with billet 9, the billet 9 and interim inverted arch bracket 2 and
It needs to change arch 4 and is welded and fixed and be integrated.
In the present embodiment, the upper surface phase of the upper surface of the inverted arch concrete pouring structure 10 and interim inverted arch bracket 2
Concordantly, 3 bottom of gate type support frame is welded and fixed with interim inverted arch bracket 2.
As shown in figure 4, the longitudinal connecting member is longitudinally connected fashioned iron 12.For further enhance longitudinally connected fashioned iron 12 with
The connection reliability of inverted arch concrete pouring structure 10, further increases the globality of the interim inverted arch, and is more convenient for indulging
Easy, steady installation to connection fashioned iron 12, the longitudinally connected fashioned iron 12 be channel steel and its notch upward.
Simplicity is removed for the later period, and reduces steel using amount, saves construction cost, the longitudinal connection structure further includes multiple groups
Longitudinally connected reinforcing bar 13, be laid with one group between longitudinally connected fashioned iron 12 described in adjacent twice described in longitudinally connected reinforcing bar 13,
Longitudinally connected reinforcing bar 13 described in every group includes the longitudinally connected reinforcing bar 13 that multiple tracks is laid from left to right, the longitudinally connected reinforcing bar
13 lay along tunnel longitudinal extension, and longitudinally connected reinforcing bar 13 described in per pass is fastened with multiple interim inverted arch brackets 2
Connection.
In the present embodiment, the interim inverted arch bracket 2 is I22 shape steel bracket or I20 shape steel bracket, the interim inverted arch branch
Frame 2 is correspondingly arranged with arch 4 is needed to change, and interim inverted arch bracket 2 is integrated and is formed envelope with needing to change arch 4 and be fastenedly connected
Enclosed support frame, the interim inverted arch of construction molding make the arch wall closure cyclization that need to change arch section, can effectively reduce tunnel top
Hole body 1 is further restrained and is sunk.
Spacing between longitudinally connected fashioned iron 12 described in adjacent twice is 140cm~160cm, longitudinally connected steel described in every group
Spacing in muscle 13 between longitudinally connected reinforcing bar 13 described in adjacent twice is 40cm~60cm.In the present embodiment, the longitudinal direction connects
Direct type steel 12 be [100mm channel steel and its be welded as a whole with interim inverted arch bracket 2, longitudinally connected reinforcing bar 13 be φ 22mm reinforcing bar,
Spacing between longitudinally connected fashioned iron 12 described in adjacent twice is 150cm, adjacent twice in longitudinally connected reinforcing bar 13 described in every group
Spacing between the longitudinally connected reinforcing bar 13 is 50cm.When practice of construction, according to specific needs, to longitudinally connected fashioned iron 12
The size of used channel steel, the diameter of longitudinally connected reinforcing bar 13, the spacing between longitudinally connected fashioned iron 12 described in adjacent twice with
And the spacing in longitudinally connected reinforcing bar 13 described in every group between longitudinally connected reinforcing bar 13 described in adjacent twice is accordingly adjusted respectively
It is whole.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, firm to splice convenient and support, the gate type support frame 3 is by more fashioned iron rod pieces spellings
Molding support frame is filled, the Left-side support part 5, right side supporting piece 6 and top support 7 are fashioned iron rod piece, the left side
Supporting element 5, right side supporting piece 6 and top support 7 and gate type support frame 3 and need to change between arch 4 with welding manner into
Row is fixedly connected.
In the present embodiment, to further enhance support stability, the fashioned iron rod piece is I-steel.
In the present embodiment, the Left-side support part 5 is symmetrically arranged with right side supporting piece 6.Thus, the support component is adopted
With radial supporting way, symmetrical, multi-point, omnidirectional support are carried out to arch 4 is needed to change, can effectively reduce and need to change arch
4 further sink.
As shown in Fig. 2, gate type support frame described in step 23 is arranged vertically, it is described to need to change arch 4, gate-type branch
Support 3 and interim inverted arch bracket 2 are laid on same vertical plane；Under the gate type support frame 3 includes lower beam 3-1, is located at
Upper beam 3-2, the more vertical struts being supported between lower beam 3-1 and upper beam 3-2 from left to right right above crossbeam 3-1
The vertical supports 3-3 of 3-4 and two symmetric support lower section at left and right sides of lower beam 3-1, the length of the lower beam 3-1 are greater than
The length of upper beam 3-2, the upper beam 3-2 and lower beam 3-1 are respectively positioned on the surface of interim inverted arch bracket 2；Described in two
Clear distance between vertical supports 3-3 is not less than 4.5m, and the clear distance between 2 middle part the lower beam 3-1 and interim inverted arch bracket is not
Less than 4.5m.In this way, it is current to enable 3 effective guarantee face excavation construction machinery of gate type support frame, and support firm, steady
It is fixed.
In the present embodiment, the quantity of the top support 7 is three, the left and right of the lower beam 3-1 and upper beam 3-2
Two upper sides are symmetrically arranged with the top support 7, and the top support 7 is vertical supporting bar；The left side
The quantity of supporting element 5 and right side supporting piece 6 is one and both for inclined inclined shore bar gradually downward from outside to inside,
The Left-side support part 5 and right side supporting piece 6 are all connected to vertical supports 3-3 and need to change between arch 4.
When practice of construction, according to specific needs, to the number of top support 7, Left-side support part 5 and right side supporting piece 6
Amount and installation position adjust accordingly respectively.
In the present embodiment, the spiral and interim inverted arch bracket 2 and need to change tight with welding manner between arch 4
It is solidly connected, thus connects reliable.
Before actually carrying out changing arch operation, the need for carrying out changing arch is first needed to change in arch section to construct and temporarily face upward in institute's construction tunnel
Arch, then erect on the interim inverted arch of construction molding multiple to the gantry type support construction for needing to change arch 4 and being supported.
When actually carrying out changing arch construction, since arch abutment is changed in the starting, at the beginning of the tunnel that need to be changed in arch section
Phase supporting construction is removed, and is synchronized in demolishing process and is carried out preliminary bracing construction, tunnel after being replaced to the arch section that need to change
Road preliminary bracing structure.
As shown in figure 5, for the connection reliability for further enhancing interim inverted arch bracket 2 with needing to change arch 4, described in every Pin
The left and right sides lower part for needing to change arch 4 is laid with a support bracket 11, and two institutes on arch 4 are needed to change described in every Pin
State that support bracket 11 is symmetrically laid in 2 top of interim inverted arch bracket and the two is respectively positioned on and needs to change 4 inside of arch, interim inverted arch
It is carried out tightly by a support bracket 11 between the left and right ends of bracket 2 and the left and right sides lower part for needing to change arch 4
It is solidly connected；
It is grid steel frame that arch 4 is needed to change in the present embodiment, described in step 1.
When practice of construction, the left and right sides bottom outside of steel arch-shelf described in every Pin is provided with a lock foot anchoring stock 15.
Each support bracket 11 includes that multiple tracks is connected in parallel to interim inverted arch bracket 2 and needs to change between arch 4
Spiral, the spiral tilts gradually downward from outside to inside, and spiral described in multiple tracks is from top to bottom laid and it
It is laid on same plane with the arch 4 that needs to change being connect.
It include spiral described in three in the support bracket 11 in the present embodiment.It, can be according to specific when practice of construction
It needs, the quantity of included spiral in support bracket 11 is adjusted accordingly respectively.
To ensure to support the bonding strength between bracket 11 and the interim inverted arch, the globality of structure is further enhanced,
It is provided with arch springing concrete pouring structure 14 at left and right sides of the bottom of tunnel top hole body 1, arch is needed to change described in every Pin
The left and right sides arch springing of frame 4 is both secured on the arch springing concrete pouring structure 14, and two arch springing concrete pour
Building structure 14 is symmetrically arranged and the two is poured with inverted arch concrete pouring structure 10 and is integrated；The arch springing concreting knot
Structure 14 is laid along tunnel longitudinal extension, and the two support brackets 11 needed to change on arch 4 described in every Pin pour respectively
In in two arch springing concrete pouring structures 14, the upper surface of each arch springing concrete pouring structure 14 is and in it
The upper surface flush of the support bracket 11 in portion.
In this way, it is mixed by support bracket 11, arch springing concrete pouring structure 14 and inverted arch to need to change arch 4 described in every Pin
Solidifying soil pouring structure 10 is fastenedly connected with the interim inverted arch bracket 2 being located at immediately below it and is integrated, the institute that need to be changed in arch section
It needs to change arch 4 and is fastenedly connected by two arch springing concrete pouring structures 14 with the interim inverted arch and is integrated.
In the present embodiment, after the completion of the construction of interim inverted arch described in step 1, also arch 4 need to be needed to change described in every Pin
A support bracket 11 is laid in left and right sides lower part, then is respectively provided with arch springing at left and right sides of the bottom of tunnel top hole body 1 and mixes
Solidifying soil pouring structure 14.
In the present embodiment, when the replacement steel arch-shelf 4 is shaped steel arch, under the left and right sides for needing to change arch 4
No setting is required in portion support bracket 11；When the replacement steel arch-shelf 4 is grillage, the left and right sides for needing to change arch 4
A support bracket 11 is laid in lower part, and is provided with arch springing concrete at left and right sides of the bottom of tunnel top hole body 1 and pours
Building structure 14.
Thus, using the interim inverted arch and the gantry type support construction, can make it is described need to change in arch section it is circumferential quickly
Closure is conducive to control further sedimentation, convergence.
When practice of construction, according to tunnel cross section size and wall rock geology condition, the interim inverted arch bracket 2 uses I22
Fashioned iron or I20 profile steel frame；It the interim inverted arch bracket 2 and needs to change and stoppers and weld using billet between arch 4, fill in steel pad
Before plate, the Surface layer's concrete for needing to change arch 4 need to be cut；It is especially grid steel frame when needing to change arch 4, then using is needing more
Change 4 two sides of arch be all made of 3 groups of φ 22mm spirals carry out reinforce connection mode, by interim inverted arch bracket 2 with need to change
Arch 4 is welded into bracket type of attachment, C20 concrete is perfused in bracket, to increase stability.Thus, the arch springing concreting
The strength grade of concrete of structure 14 is C20.
When carrying out the construction of interim inverted arch in the present embodiment, in step 1, process is as follows：
Step 101, interim inverted arch rack construction：Encircle the underface that arch 4 is needed to change described in every Pin of section in described need to change
Be respectively provided with the interim inverted arch bracket 2, and make each interim inverted arch bracket 2 be located at its right above needing to change
Arch 4, which is fastenedly connected, to be integrated；
Step 102, longitudinal connection structure construction：It is respectively provided with to the arch all underfaces for needing to change arch 4 of section that need to change
It after interim inverted arch bracket 2, constructs to the longitudinal connection structure, and described is faced by the longitudinal connection structure by multiple
When inverted arch bracket 2 be fastenedly connected and be integrated；
Step 103, inverted arch concreting：Concreting is carried out to inverted arch concrete pouring structure 10, is poured mixed
The strength grade for coagulating soil is not higher than C25.
To be removed convenient for the later period to the interim inverted arch, the concrete strength of the inverted arch concrete pouring structure 10
Grade is C15 or C10, and when pouring to inverted arch concrete pouring structure 10, concrete need to fill make firm by ramming it is closely knit.
After the 10 casting concrete final set of inverted arch concrete pouring structure, gate-type is erected by Pin on the interim inverted arch
Support frame 3, the radial erection I20 fashioned iron in the top and two sides of gate type support frame 3 (the i.e. described support component) are used to support original
Preliminary bracing arch (needs to change arch 4), and the support component is welded with needing to change arch 4 and hold out against.
To further ensure that support stability, described need to change all gate type support framves 3 in arch section longitudinally connected by multiple tracks
Component, which is fastenedly connected, to be integrated, and the longitudinal connecting component is laid along tunnel longitudinal extension.In the present embodiment, the longitudinal direction
Connecting elements is spliced by multiple fashioned iron segments laid from back to front, and each fashioned iron segment is all connected to two neighboring
Between the gate type support frame 3.The fashioned iron segment is I20 fashioned iron.
Since the headroom of the gate type support frame 3 is not less than 4.5m × 4.5m, when conditions permit, clear span is set as 5m, because
And can ensure that face excavation construction mechanical energy is smoothly passed through, the interim inverted arch does not influence to slap with the gantry type support construction
Sub- face normal construction.
When practice of construction, mesh sheet can be set up on gate type support frame 3,3 one side of gate type support frame, which can be used as, changes
Arch, pneumatically placed concrete job platform, safety coefficient are high；On the other hand, the gate type support frame 3 is to lower part vehicular traffic, Ren Yuantong
Row plays effective protective action.
It is the rear end that need to change arch section that arch abutment is changed in the present embodiment, described in step 1；
When carrying out changing arch construction in step 3, since arch abutment is changed in the starting, it need to change in arch section described from the front to the back
The Tunnel structure removed.
In the present embodiment, institute in the Tunnel structure and step 3 in the hole of tunnel top described in step 1 body 1
State Tunnel structure after replacement be using steel arch-shelf and anchor net unit support method construction molding steel arch-shelf with
The structure of anchor net unit support structure and the two is all the same, and the steel arch-shelf and anchor net unit support structure are on tunnel
The tunnel arch wall of portion hole body 1 carries out the first branch structure of arch wall of supporting.
The steel arch-shelf and anchor net unit support structure include that more Pin are laid from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension
The steel arch-shelf, multiple suspension roof support structures laid from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension, be mounted on it is multiple described
Reinforced mesh on steel arch-shelf and the concrete ejection layer being injected on Tunnel inner wall, the reinforced mesh and multiple steel
Arch is both secured in concrete ejection layer；The steel arch-shelf is located on the inside of the reinforced mesh；Each suspension roof support knot
Structure includes multiple anchor poles being laid in tunnel arch wall along tunnel excavation contour line, and multiple anchor poles are laid in same
On tunnel cross section；Anchor pole in the two neighboring suspension roof support structure in front and back is in be laid staggeredly；
When being removed in step 3 to the Tunnel structure, along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back into
Row is removed.
In the present embodiment, steel arch-shelf described in more Pin in the Tunnel structure is in uniformly distributed, adjacent two Pin
Spacing between the steel arch-shelf is d, thus the length of the extended segment is 3d.
In the present embodiment, when being removed in step 3 to the Tunnel structure, according to the institute being pre-designed
The excavation contour line that need to change arch section is stated, cuts the concrete ejection layer from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension, and to institute
Arch section need to be changed by, which stating, carries out secondary excavation；
During being cut to the concrete ejection layer, the concrete ejection layer is cut from the front to the back rear exposed
The steel arch-shelf replaced one by one.
During being cut to the concrete ejection layer, synchronized from the front to the back to inverted arch concrete pouring structure 10
The left and right sides is cut respectively, and 10 left and right sides of inverted arch concrete pouring structure cuts progress and concrete spray
Penetrate layer to cut progress identical.
It carries out changing before arch construction in the present embodiment, in step 3, also needs to carry out slip casting to the arch wall that need to change arch section
It reinforces.
In the present embodiment, when being removed in step 3 to the Tunnel structure that need to be changed in arch section,
First to the starting replacement arch replace, then along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to it is described need to support steel arch-shelf into
Row is replaced by Pin；
When being replaced to starting replacement arch, starting replacement arch is removed, and is replaced in the starting
Again steel arch-shelf is erected at arch present position, the steel arch-shelf erected again is to have replaced steel arch-shelf；
To it is described steel arch-shelf need to be supported to replace when, steel arch-shelf and the gantry type support construction need to be supported by first disconnecting this
Between connection, then this it is described steel arch-shelf need to be supported to remove, and frame again need to be supported at steel arch-shelf present position at this
Vertical steel arch-shelf, the steel arch-shelf erected again are to have replaced steel arch-shelf；Steel arch-shelf need to be supported to carry out in demolishing process this, it will be to this
The gantry type support construction that steel arch-shelf need to be supported to be supported moves backward and steel arch-shelf rear side need to be supported adjacent this
Steel arch-shelf has been replaced to be supported.
As shown in the above, it is removed the first Pin steel steelframe (the i.e. described starting replacement arch) that arch is changed since quasi- dismounting former
Steel arch-shelf applies steel arch-shelf again, and carries out the preliminary bracings such as Bolt net and jet construction；According to site specific, previous Pin is removed
The gantry type support construction, which is displaced to, has changed on arch steel arch-shelf (having replaced steel arch-shelf).Thus, steel arch-shelf is removed, and is applied again
Make steel arch-shelf, it is described in a Pin that Bolt net and jet preliminary bracing and preceding Pin door frame gantry type support construction, which are moved back to having changed on arch steel arch-shelf,
Steel arch-shelf changes arch working procedure, and repeatedly circulation carries out, until completing the whole that need to change all steel arch-shelfs in arch section changes arch
Work progress.Encircle steel arch-shelf (having replaced steel arch-shelf) as removing gantry type support construction described in previous Pin and being displaced to have changed
On, thus can be effectively ensured and change arch construction period multiple gantry type support constructions and interim inverted arch and need to change arch section to described
Whole, joint support, it is ensured that work progress is safe and reliable.
It changes in arch work progress and changes after the completion of arch construction, be all made of tunnel deformation monitoring system at the beginning of tunnel after replacement
Phase supporting construction carries out deformation monitoring, after Tunnel malformation is stablized after the replacement, then longitudinally prolongs along tunnel
Direction is stretched from the front to the back to excavate tunnel lower part hole body；Tunnel lower part hole body is carried out in digging process, by
The interim inverted arch and the gantry type support construction are removed before backward, while from the front to the back to tunnel lower part hole
Body carries out preliminary bracing.
The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention in any way, it is all according to the present invention
Technical spirit any simple modification to the above embodiments, change and equivalent structural changes, still fall within skill of the present invention
In the protection scope of art scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing based on gantry type support invades limit and changes arch construction method, which is characterized in that this method
Include the following steps：
Step 1: interim inverted arch construction：The need for carrying out changing arch are needed to change in arch section interim inverted arch of constructing in institute's construction tunnel；
The arch section that need to change is that the Tunnel structure in tunnel top hole body (1) has been constructed completion and tunnel lower part hole body
The tunnel construction sections not excavated；
It is described need to change arch section by invade limit section and two be located at invade limit section front and rear sides extended segment be formed by connecting, it is described to invade limit
Section deforms for the Tunnel structure in tunnel top hole body (1) and invades the tunnel construction sections of limit, and two extended segments are equal
To invade the adjacent and interconnected tunnel construction sections of limit section with described in institute's construction tunnel, arch is needed to change in two extended segments
(4) quantity is no less than 3 Pin；Described need to change arch (4) are in the Tunnel structure to tunnel top hole body
(1) arch wall carries out the steel arch-shelf of supporting, and all steel arch-shelfs that need to be changed in arch section in the Tunnel structure are equal
To need to change arch (4)；
The interim inverted arch is laid along tunnel longitudinal extension, and the interim inverted arch is located at bottom on the inside of tunnel top hole body (1)
Portion；The interim inverted arch includes multiple interim inverted arch brackets (2) laid from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension, will be multiple
The interim inverted arch bracket (2) be fastenedly connected the longitudinal connection structure being integrated and it is described need to change arch section in tunnel lower part not
The inverted arch concrete pouring structure (10) of pouring molding on rock mass (8) is excavated, the interim inverted arch bracket (2) and the longitudinal direction connect
Binding structure pours in inverted arch concrete pouring structure (10)；The longitudinal connection structure includes multiple tracks along interim inverted arch bracket
(2) longitudinal connecting member that length direction is laid from left to right, the longitudinal connecting member are laid along tunnel longitudinal extension, often
Longitudinal connecting member described in road is fastenedly connected with multiple interim inverted arch brackets (2)；The interim inverted arch bracket (2) is to lay
In the arch support of tunnel top hole body (1) inside bottom, the interim inverted arch bracket (2) is supported in tunnel lower part and does not excavate rock
It on body (8), is needed to change described in every Pin and is provided with the interim inverted arch bracket (2) immediately below arch (4), described in every Pin
Arch (4) is needed to change to be laid on same tunnel cross section and the two group with the interim inverted arch bracket (2) being located at immediately below it
At a closed support frame, the left and right ends of each interim inverted arch bracket (2) respectively be located at its right above need more
The left and right sides lower part for changing arch (4) is fastenedly connected；
Step 2: gantry type support construction erects：It is erected on the interim inverted arch described in step 1 multiple to needing to change arch (4)
The gantry type support construction being supported, it is multiple described to need to change arch (4) and laid from front to back along tunnel longitudinal extension；
The gantry type support construction is located above inverted arch concrete pouring structure (10)；
Arch abutment is changed for starting in described one end that need to change arch section, and described need to change in arch section changes a Pin institute of arch abutment near described originate
State need to change arch (4) for starting replacement arch, it is described need to change arch section in except it is described starting replacement arch in addition to it is all need to be more
Changing arch (4) is that need to support steel arch-shelf；Needed described in every Pin support steel arch-shelf pass through the gantry type support construction into
Row supports, and support steel arch-shelf is needed to be laid in same tunnel with the gantry type support construction supported described in every Pin
On cross section；The gantry type support construction is provided in each closed support frame, it is each described closed
It is one that needing to change in support frame arch (4) and interim inverted arch bracket (2), which are fastenedly connected by the gantry type support construction,
Body；
Each gantry type support construction includes one and is fixed on interim inverted arch bracket (2) and to needing to change arch (4)
The gate type support frame (3) being supported and the support component being laid in gate type support frame (3) on same tunnel cross section, it is described
Support component is laid on gate type support frame (3)；The gate type support frame (3) is located in the same closed support frame
It interim inverted arch bracket (2) and needs to change between arch (4), the gate type support frame (3) and needs to change and pass through institute between arch (4)
It states support component and is fastenedly connected and be integrated, the support component includes being supported on the left of gate type support frame (3) and needing to change arch
(4) the Left-side support part (5) between left lower, be supported on the right side of gate type support frame (3) and need to change arch (4) lower right side
Between right side supporting piece (6) and more be supported at the top of gate type support frame (3) and needed to change between arch (4) from left to right
Top support (7), the Left-side support part (5), right side supporting piece (6) and top support (7) are laid in same plane
On；
Step 3: changing arch construction：Since arch abutment is changed in the starting, to the Tunnel knot that need to be changed in arch section
Structure is removed, and is synchronized in demolishing process and is carried out preliminary bracing construction, tunnel initial-stage branch after being replaced to the arch section that need to change
Protection structure.
2. the tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing described in accordance with the claim 1 based on gantry type support invades limit and changes arch construction method,
It is characterized in that：It is grid steel frame that arch (4) are needed to change described in step 1；The left and right sides of arch (4) is needed to change described in every Pin
Lower part is laid with a support bracket (11), and the two support brackets (11) needed to change on arch (4) described in every Pin are equal
It is symmetrically laid in above interim inverted arch bracket (2) and the two is respectively positioned on and needs to change on the inside of arch (4), interim inverted arch bracket (2)
Fastening company is carried out by a support bracket (11) between left and right ends and the left and right sides lower part for needing to change arch (4)
It connects；Each support bracket (11) includes that multiple tracks is connected in parallel to interim inverted arch bracket (2) and needs to change between arch (4)
Spiral, the spiral tilts gradually downward from outside to inside, and spiral described in multiple tracks is from top to bottom laid and it
It is laid on same plane with the arch (4) that needs to change being connect；
It is provided with arch springing concrete pouring structure (14) at left and right sides of the bottom of tunnel top hole body (1), described in every Pin
The left and right sides arch springing for needing to change arch (4) is both secured on the arch springing concrete pouring structure (14), described in two
Arch springing concrete pouring structure (14) is symmetrically arranged and the two is poured with inverted arch concrete pouring structure (10) and is integrated；It is described
Arch springing concrete pouring structure (14) is laid along tunnel longitudinal extension, and two institutes on arch (4) are needed to change described in every Pin
It states support bracket (11) to pour respectively in two arch springing concrete pouring structures (14), each arch springing concrete pours
Upper surface flush of the upper surface of building structure (14) with the support bracket (11) of its inside；
Arch (4) is needed to change described in every Pin by support bracket (11), arch springing concrete pouring structure (14) and inverted arch coagulation
Native pouring structure (10) is fastenedly connected with the interim inverted arch bracket (2) being located at immediately below it and is integrated, described to change in arch section
It is all need to change arch (4) by two arch springing concrete pouring structures (14) and the interim inverted arch be fastenedly connected for
One；
After the completion of the construction of interim inverted arch described in step 1, the left and right sides lower part of arch (4) need to be also needed to change described in every Pin
A support bracket (11) is laid, then is respectively provided with arch springing concreting at left and right sides of the bottom of tunnel top hole body (1)
Structure (14).
3. the tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing according to claim 1 or 2 based on gantry type support invades limit and changes arch construction method,
It is characterized in that：When carrying out the construction of interim inverted arch in step 1, process is as follows：
Step 101, interim inverted arch rack construction：It is described need to change arch section every Pin described in need to change arch (4) underface it is equal
Be arranged an interim inverted arch bracket (2), and make each interim inverted arch bracket (2) be located at its right above need more
It changes arch (4) and is fastenedly connected and be integrated；
Step 102, longitudinal connection structure construction：To it is described need to change arch section it is all need to change to be respectively provided with immediately below arch (4) face
When inverted arch bracket (2) after, construct to the longitudinal connection structure, and described faced by the longitudinal connection structure by multiple
When inverted arch bracket (2) be fastenedly connected and be integrated；
Step 103, inverted arch concreting：Concreting, poured coagulation are carried out to inverted arch concrete pouring structure (10)
The strength grade of soil is not higher than C25.
4. the tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing according to claim 1 or 2 based on gantry type support invades limit and changes arch construction method,
It is characterized in that：It is replaced described in Tunnel structure and step 3 in the hole of tunnel top described in step 1 body (1)
Tunnel structure is the steel arch-shelf and Bolt net and jet using steel arch-shelf and anchor net unit support method construction molding afterwards
The structure of combined retaining structure and the two is all the same, and the steel arch-shelf and anchor net unit support structure are to tunnel top hole body
(1) tunnel arch wall carries out the first branch structure of arch wall of supporting.
5. the tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing according to claim 4 based on gantry type support invades limit and changes arch construction method,
It is characterized in that：When being excavated to institute's construction tunnel, excavated using bench cut method；The Tunnel of institute's construction tunnel includes
Tunnel top hole body (1) and the tunnel lower part hole body being located at below tunnel top hole body (1)；
When being excavated using bench cut method to institute's construction tunnel, first along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back on tunnel
Portion hole body (1) is excavated, and synchronous digging molding tunnel top hole body (1) split from the front to the back carries out initial stage branch in digging process
Shield, and obtain Tunnel structure described in step 1；Tunnel top hole body (1) is carried out in digging process, along tunnel
Longitudinal extension synchronizes tunnel lower part hole body excavate from the front to the back；The excavation progress of tunnel lower part hole body
It is later than the excavation progress of tunnel top hole body (1)；
It is the rear end that need to change arch section that arch abutment is changed described in step 1；
When carrying out changing arch construction in step 3, since arch abutment is changed in the starting, from the front to the back to the institute that need to be changed in arch section
Tunnel structure is stated to be removed.
6. the tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing according to claim 4 based on gantry type support invades limit and changes arch construction method,
It is characterized in that：The steel arch-shelf and anchor net unit support structure include that more Pin are laid from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension
The steel arch-shelf, multiple suspension roof support structures laid from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension, be mounted on it is multiple described
Reinforced mesh on steel arch-shelf and the concrete ejection layer being injected on Tunnel inner wall, the reinforced mesh and multiple steel
Arch is both secured in concrete ejection layer；The steel arch-shelf is located on the inside of the reinforced mesh；Each suspension roof support knot
Structure includes multiple anchor poles being laid in tunnel arch wall along tunnel excavation contour line, and multiple anchor poles are laid in same
On tunnel cross section；Anchor pole in the two neighboring suspension roof support structure in front and back is in be laid staggeredly；
When being removed in step 3 to the Tunnel structure, torn open from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension
It removes.
7. the tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing according to claim 6 based on gantry type support invades limit and changes arch construction method,
It is characterized in that：When removing in step 3 to the Tunnel structure, described arch section need to be changed according to what is be pre-designed
Excavation contour line, cut the concrete ejection layer from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension, and arch section need to be changed to described
Carry out secondary excavation；
During cutting to the concrete ejection layer, rear exposed institute is cut to the concrete ejection layer from the front to the back
Steel arch-shelf is stated to be replaced one by one.
8. the tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing according to claim 1 or 2 based on gantry type support invades limit and changes arch construction method,
It is characterized in that：It carries out changing before arch construction in step 3, also needs to carry out grouting and reinforcing to the arch wall that need to change arch section；
Gate type support frame described in step 2 (3) is arranged vertically, described to need to change arch (4), gate type support frame (3) and face
When inverted arch bracket (2) be laid on same vertical plane；The gate type support frame (3) includes lower beam (3-1), is located at lower beam
Upper beam (3-2) right above (3-1), more be supported in from left to right it is vertical between lower beam (3-1) and upper beam (3-2)
The vertical supports (3-3) of strut (3-4) and two symmetric supports lower section at left and right sides of lower beam (3-1), the lower beam (3-
1) length is greater than the length of upper beam (3-2), and the upper beam (3-2) and lower beam (3-1) are respectively positioned on interim inverted arch bracket
(2) surface；Clear distance between two vertical supports (3-3) is not less than 4.5m, the lower beam (3-1) with temporarily face upward
Clear distance between in the middle part of arch trestle (2) is not less than 4.5m.
9. the tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing according to claim 1 or 2 based on gantry type support invades limit and changes arch construction method,
It is characterized in that：Institute's construction tunnel is large cross-section tunnel in step 1, described in two extended segments to need to change arch (4)
Quantity is 3 Pin；The interim inverted arch bracket (2) is the arch support that the left and right sides is gradually bent upwards；
The interim inverted arch bracket (2) be shape steel bracket, the both ends of the interim inverted arch bracket (2) and need to change arch (4) it
Between plug be filled with billet (9), the billet (9) and interim inverted arch bracket (2) and need to change arch (4) be welded and fixed for
One.
10. the tunnel arch wall preliminary bracing according to claim 1 or 2 based on gantry type support invades limit and changes arch construction party
Method, it is characterised in that：When being removed in step 3 to the Tunnel structure that need to be changed in arch section, first to institute
It states starting replacement arch to be replaced, then steel arch-shelf need to be supported to carry out by Pin to described from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension
Replacement；
When being replaced to starting replacement arch, starting replacement arch is removed, and replace arch in the starting
Again steel arch-shelf is erected at present position, the steel arch-shelf erected again is to have replaced steel arch-shelf；
To it is described steel arch-shelf need to be supported to replace when, first disconnecting this need to support between steel arch-shelf and the gantry type support construction
Connection, then this it is described steel arch-shelf need to be supported to remove, and need to support and erect steel again at steel arch-shelf present position at this
Arch, the steel arch-shelf erected again are to have replaced steel arch-shelf；Steel arch-shelf need to be supported to carry out to need to prop up to this in demolishing process this
The gantry type support construction that is supported of support steel arch-shelf move backward and to this need to support on rear side of steel arch-shelf it is adjacent more
Steel arch-shelf is changed to be supported.
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| CN109812271A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-28 | 中铁十一局集团城市轨道工程有限公司 | A kind of shield crosses the construction method for invading limit box culvert |
| CN110219667A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-09-10 | 甘肃省交通规划勘察设计院股份有限公司 | Tunnel inverted arch and inverted arch filled layer substitution steel-concrete combined structure and construction technology |
| CN110295931A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-10-01 | 中国水利水电第十四工程局有限公司 | One kind being suitable for the method for dismounting of Shallow-buried longspan tunnel " well " font temporary support |
| CN110656959A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-07 | 中铁二十局集团有限公司 | Large-section loess tunnel primary support limit-invasion arch-changing construction method |
| CN111425226A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-17 | 济南市市政工程设计研究院（集团）有限责任公司 | Soft soil tunnel advanced arch foot foundation and arch foot supporting method |
| CN111456756A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-07-28 | 中国建筑第七工程局有限公司 | Collapsible loess tunnel primary support arch changing construction method |
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Effective date of registration: 20191226 Address after: 710016 Shaanxi city of Xi'an province Weiyang District Taihua Road No. 89 Co-patentee after: China Railway 21st Bureau Group Co., Ltd. Patentee after: China Railway Group Co., Ltd. Address before: 710016 Shaanxi city of Xi'an province Weiyang District Taihua Road No. 89 Patentee before: China Railway Group Co., Ltd. |