CN108900068B - Permanent magnet speed regulating motor and control method thereof - Google Patents
Permanent magnet speed regulating motor and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108900068B CN108900068B CN201810999056.0A CN201810999056A CN108900068B CN 108900068 B CN108900068 B CN 108900068B CN 201810999056 A CN201810999056 A CN 201810999056A CN 108900068 B CN108900068 B CN 108900068B
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
- H02K49/10—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
- H02K49/104—Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element
- H02K49/106—Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element with a radial air gap
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P15/00—Arrangements for controlling dynamo-electric brakes or clutches
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a permanent magnet speed regulating motor, which comprises a motor base, wherein an outer rotor assembly and an inner rotor assembly are respectively arranged on the motor base along the two ends of the motor base in the length direction through bearings, the outer rotor assembly comprises a first rotating shaft, a collecting ring is arranged on the first rotating shaft, a cylindrical iron core retainer is arranged at one end of the first rotating shaft, which is positioned in the motor base, an outer rotor iron core and a plurality of groups of induction coils matched with the outer rotor iron core are arranged in the iron core retainer, the output ends of the induction coils are connected with the collecting ring, the number of the induction coils is 3N (N is an integer), the number of the induction coils is greater than or equal to 6 groups, the number of the collecting ring is 3N, each three groups of induction coils form a three-phase potential, and N phases are identical.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a permanent magnet speed regulating motor, in particular to a permanent magnet speed regulating motor and a control method thereof.
Background
Speed-regulating permanent magnet couplers are becoming more and more accepted in the industry, but in practical use, speed-regulating permanent magnet couplers also have some problems, mainly:
1. the efficiency of the speed-regulating permanent magnet coupler is low. The speed-regulating permanent magnet coupler essentially belongs to slip speed regulation, the efficiency of the speed-regulating permanent magnet coupler is in positive correlation with the output rotation speed, the efficiency is low when the output rotation speed is low, for example, the working efficiency of the speed-regulating permanent magnet coupler is only 48% when the output rotation speed of the speed-regulating permanent magnet coupler is 50% of the rated rotation speed.
2. The speed-regulating permanent magnet coupler has high working temperature. The slip power loss of the speed-regulating permanent magnet coupler is totally converted into heat, so that the working temperature of the equipment is high when the equipment works at a low speed.
3. The reliability of the speed regulating mechanism is not high. The main structure of the speed-regulating permanent magnet coupler has high reliability, but the speed-regulating mechanism adopts the adjustment of mechanical position to achieve the purpose of speed regulation, and the speed-regulating mechanism has lower reliability of position adjustment under the high-speed condition.
4. The control response speed and the corresponding accuracy are poor. The speed-regulating permanent magnet coupler drives the mechanical structure to regulate speed through the action of the electric actuating mechanism, so that the speed is relatively low, and the response accuracy is relatively low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the permanent magnet speed regulating motor and the control method thereof, which not only can regulate the speed of a load and realize the function of energy conservation, but also can further convert redundant electric energy into electric energy matched with the motor and supply power to the motor, further save the electric energy and greatly improve the working efficiency.
The technical scheme specifically discloses a permanent magnet speed regulating motor, which comprises a motor base, wherein an outer rotor assembly and an inner rotor assembly are respectively arranged on the motor base along the two ends of the motor base in the length direction through bearings, the outer rotor assembly comprises a first rotating shaft, a collecting ring is arranged on the first rotating shaft, a cylindrical iron core retainer is arranged at one end of the first rotating shaft, which is positioned in the motor base, a plurality of outer rotor iron cores and a plurality of groups of induction coils matched with the outer rotor iron cores are arranged in the middle of the iron core retainer, the output ends of the induction coils are connected with the collecting ring, the number of the induction coils is 3N (N is a positive integer more than or equal to 2), the number of the induction coils of the collecting ring is equal, each three groups of induction coils form a three-phase potential, and N three-phase potentials with identical phases are shared;
the inner rotor assembly comprises a second rotating shaft, one end of the second rotating shaft, which is positioned in the motor base, is provided with a permanent magnet rotor assembly, the permanent magnet rotor assembly comprises a centrifugal bracket which is connected with the second rotating shaft through a key, an inner rotor core is arranged on the circumferential surface of the centrifugal bracket, the outer surface of the inner rotor core is provided with a permanent magnet, the radial unilateral gap between the permanent magnet and the outer rotor core is 3-5mm, and one end, which is close to the first rotating shaft, of the second rotating shaft is connected with the first rotating shaft through a transition bearing;
when the inner rotor component and the outer rotor component generate rotation speed difference, induced voltage is generated in the induction coil, and the induced electric energy is transmitted to a control system through the collecting ring and is converted into electric energy with the same voltage, the same frequency and the same phase as a motor power supply circuit through the collecting ring, and then the electric energy is used for a motor;
the control system comprises a main circuit and a main control circuit, wherein the main circuit comprises a circuit selection switch communicated with an induction coil, the output end of the circuit selection switch is sequentially connected with a motor side filter, a motor side power switch device, a power grid side filter and an isolating switch in series, the isolating switch is communicated with an external power grid, a low-voltage traversing circuit device is also connected between the motor side filter and the motor side power switch device, N three-phase potentials are connected in parallel and then connected with the motor side filter when the circuit selection switch is positioned at a first station, and N three-phase potentials are connected in series and then connected with the motor side filter when the circuit selection switch is positioned at a second station;
the main control circuit comprises a main controller, a coil voltage inductor connected with the induction coil and a power grid phase detector connected with an external power grid, wherein the feedback ends of the coil voltage inductor and the power grid phase detector are connected with the main controller, and the control end of the main controller is respectively connected with a circuit selection switch, a motor side power switch device and an isolating switch.
Further defined technical scheme
The control system further comprises an auxiliary control circuit, the auxiliary control circuit is composed of a resistance speed regulation controller, the input end of the resistance speed regulation controller is respectively connected with the output end of the circuit selection switch and the control end of the main controller, when locked rotor or damaged components occur, the auxiliary control circuit can be quickly connected, larger damage to equipment is avoided, loss is reduced to the minimum, and safety and reliability of the equipment are improved.
According to the permanent magnet speed regulating motor, 3N (N is a positive integer more than or equal to 2) induction coils are uniformly arranged on the iron core retainer along the circumferential direction of the iron core retainer, each 3 groups of induction coils with intervals of N-1 coils form a three-phase potential, N three-phase potentials with the same phase are formed in a conformal mode, and the collecting rings are provided with 3N induction coils and are in one-to-one correspondence with the 3N groups of induction coils respectively.
The permanent magnet speed regulating motor has the advantages that one end, far away from the first rotating shaft, of the iron core retainer is connected with the second rotating shaft through the bearing, so that the iron core retainer can be provided with two supporting points, and the stability and the reliability of equipment are improved.
The permanent magnet speed regulating motor is characterized in that the centrifugal support is provided with a plurality of through air inlet channels along the length direction of the centrifugal support, the outer rotor iron core and the inner rotor iron core are formed by sequentially superposing a plurality of silicon steel sheets, a plurality of heat dissipation channels are formed in the radial directions of the outer rotor iron core and the inner rotor iron core, a plurality of air outlet holes and air inlet holes are formed in the radial direction and the axial direction of the iron core retainer respectively, and therefore cooling air can enter from two sides of the centrifugal support and is diffused radially from the inside, and the heat dissipation effect is good.
The permanent magnet speed regulating motor is characterized in that the axial direction of the first rotating shaft and the axial direction of the second rotating shaft are respectively provided with the shaft current insulation pad, the shaft current insulation pads are arranged to prevent the current from influencing the parts, the service life of the parts is prevented from being reduced, and the stability of the equipment is improved.
The permanent magnet speed regulating motor comprises the sleeve sleeved on the second rotating shaft, a plurality of rib plates are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the sleeve, the included angle between each rib plate and the radial direction of the sleeve is theta, the theta is 5-30 degrees, meanwhile, the steering direction of the second rotating shaft is clockwise, so that larger air quantity can be generated, meanwhile, the air pressure is smaller, and the influence on equipment can be reduced due to smaller air pressure.
The permanent magnet speed regulating motor is characterized in that the cooling device is arranged at the upper end of the motor base and comprises a cooling shell arranged at the upper end of the motor base, the inside of the cooling shell is communicated with the inside of the motor base, a plurality of cooling pipes are arranged on the cooling shell along the length direction of the cooling shell, an axial flow fan is arranged on one end of the cooling shell along the length direction of the cooling shell, and the axial flow fan drives external low-temperature gas into the cooling pipes so as to perform heat exchange with the high-temperature gas inside the motor base, thereby reducing the temperature inside the motor base, and rapidly reducing the temperature inside the equipment so as to provide guarantee for stable operation of the equipment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the permanent magnet speed regulating motor has high efficiency, because the permanent magnet speed regulating motor is provided with the induction coil on the outer rotor component, the slip of the outer rotor component and the inner rotor component can be induced into electric energy and converted into alternating current with the same voltage, phase and frequency of a power supply grid through the control system for the motor to be reused, and the slip energy of the part of the speed regulating permanent magnet coupler is completely converted into heat energy to be dissipated, so that the efficiency of the permanent magnet speed regulating motor is higher than that of the speed regulating permanent magnet coupler.
2. The permanent magnet speed regulating motor has less heating, low working temperature and high working efficiency, the rated working efficiency of the permanent magnet speed regulating motor can reach 98.5%, and the maximum heating value of the permanent magnet speed regulating motor is only 10.0% of the maximum heating value of the speed regulating permanent magnet coupler, so that the working temperature of the permanent magnet speed regulating motor is much lower by adopting the same cooling mode.
3. The reliability is high, the permanent magnet speed regulating motor does not have the regulation of a mechanical structure rotating at a high speed, meanwhile, the main circuit, the main control circuit and the resistance speed regulating controller can be designed in a selective use redundancy mode, the reliability is greatly improved, and the induction coils in the outer rotor assembly can output electric energy outwards in a serial or parallel mode through the control system, so that the maximum voltage or current born by the control circuit is reduced by 50%, and the reliability and the safety of control components are improved.
4. The control response speed is high, the precision is high, and the response speed of the permanent magnet speed regulating motor is similar to the response speed of the power switch component because the permanent magnet speed regulating motor adopts the power switch component to carry out switch control.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the outer rotor assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an inner rotor assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a permanent magnet rotor assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a control system according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the circuit selection switch in the first station in embodiment 1 (n=2);
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the circuit selection switch in the second station in embodiment 1 (n=2);
wherein: the motor comprises a motor base, a 2-first rotating shaft, a 3-iron core retainer, a 4-outer rotor iron core, a 5-induction coil, a 6-second rotating shaft, a 7-centrifugal support, an 8-inner rotor iron core, a 9-permanent magnet, a 10-collecting ring, an 11-circuit selection switch, a 12-motor side filter, a 13-motor side power switching device, a 14-power grid side power switching device, a 15-power grid side filter, a 16-isolating switch, a 17-main controller, a 18-coil voltage sensor, a 19-power grid phase detector, a 20-resistance speed regulation controller, a 21-air inlet channel, a 22-heat dissipation channel, a 23-air outlet hole, a 24-air inlet hole, a 25-shaft current insulation pad, a 26-cooling shell, a 27-cooling tube, a 28-low voltage ride-through circuit device, a 29-transition bearing, a 30-drainage plate, a 31-first selection switch, a 32-second selection switch, a 33-axial fan, a 7-1-sleeve and 7-2-rib plate.
Detailed Description
The following describes the present invention in further detail, wherein the manufacturing process of the induction coil 5, the outer rotor core 4 and the inner rotor core 8 is the prior art, which is the same as the production mode of the existing motor, wherein the winding method of the induction coil 5 and the core is the prior art, but the connection mode between the induction coils is different from the prior art, which is one of the contents to be protected in the present technical scheme, and meanwhile, the low voltage ride through circuit device also belongs to the prior art, and the present technical scheme is not described in detail.
Example 1
The permanent magnet speed regulating motor and the control method thereof provided by the embodiment comprise a motor base 1, wherein an outer rotor assembly and an inner rotor assembly are respectively arranged on the motor base 1 along two ends of the motor base in the length direction of the motor base through bearings, the outer rotor assembly comprises a first rotating shaft 2, a collecting ring 10 is arranged on the first rotating shaft 2, a cylindrical iron core retainer 3 is arranged at one end of the first rotating shaft 2, which is positioned in the motor base 1, an outer rotor iron core 4 and a plurality of groups of induction coils 5 matched with the outer rotor iron core 4 are arranged in the middle of the iron core retainer 3, the output ends of the induction coils 5 are connected with the collecting ring 10, the number of the induction coils 5 is 6, the number of the collecting rings 10 is 6, and the 3 groups of non-adjacent induction coils 5 form a three-phase potential, and 2 three-phase potentials are totally;
the inner rotor assembly comprises a second rotating shaft 6, one end of the second rotating shaft 6, which is positioned in the motor base 1, is provided with a permanent magnet rotor assembly, the permanent magnet rotor assembly comprises a centrifugal bracket 7 which is connected with the second rotating shaft 6 in a key way, an inner rotor iron core 8 is arranged on the circumferential surface of the centrifugal bracket 7, the outer surface of the inner rotor iron core 8 is provided with a permanent magnet 9, the radial unilateral gap between the permanent magnet 9 and the outer rotor iron core 4 is 3mm, and one end, which is close to the first rotating shaft 2, of the second rotating shaft 6 is connected with the first rotating shaft 2 through a transition bearing 29;
when the inner rotor component and the outer rotor component generate rotation speed difference, induced voltage is generated in the induction coil 5, and the induced electric energy is transmitted to a control system through the collecting ring 10 and converted into electric energy with the same voltage, the same frequency and the same phase as those of a motor power supply circuit, and then the electric energy is supplied to a motor for use, and a carbon brush in the collecting ring adopts a quick-change carbon brush, so that the electric energy is convenient to replace and maintain;
the control system comprises a main circuit and a main control circuit, wherein the main circuit comprises a circuit selection switch 11 communicated with an induction coil 5, the output end of the circuit selection switch 11 is sequentially connected with a motor side filter 12, a motor side power switch device 13, a power grid side power switch device 14, a power grid side filter 15 and an isolating switch 16 in series, the isolating switch 16 is communicated with an external power grid, a low-voltage traversing circuit device 28 is further connected between the motor side filter 12 and the motor side power switch device 13, when the circuit selection switch 11 is positioned at a first station, 2 three-phase potentials are connected in parallel and then connected with the motor side filter 12, as shown in fig. 6, when the circuit selection switch 11 is positioned at a second station, 2 three-phase potentials are connected with the motor side filter 12 after being connected in series, as shown in fig. 7;
the circuit selection switch 11 is composed of a first selection switch 31 and a second selection switch 32, the first selection switch 31 is provided with two stations, the second selection switch 32 is only provided with on-off functions, six groups of induction coils 5 are respectively X1, X2, X3, X4, X5 and X6, one ends of the X1, X2 and X3 are all grounded, the other ends of the X1, X2 and X3 are respectively connected with an external power grid after being connected in series with the second selection switch 32, one ends of the X4, X5 and X6 are respectively connected with the first selection switch 31 in series, the other ends of the X4 are directly connected with the external power grid, one station of the first selection switch 31 on the X4 is connected with a grounding end, the other station of the first selection switch 31 on the X5 is connected with the grounding end, the other station of the first selection switch 31 on the X6 is connected with the non-grounding end of the X2, and the other station of the first selection switch 31 on the X6 is connected with the non-grounding end of the X3; the first selection switches 31 on the X4, X5 and X6 are respectively connected with the X1, X2 and X3 in parallel and then connected with the second selection switch 32 in series, and the first selection switch 31 and the second selection switch 32 are connected with the output end of the main controller 17;
when the circuit selection switch 11 is positioned at the first station, the first selection switches 31 on X4, X5 and X6 are all positioned at the grounding station, and the second selection switches 32 on X1, X2 and X3 are closed;
when the circuit selection switch 11 is positioned at the second station, the first selection switches 31 on X4, X5 and X6 are all positioned at the non-grounding station, and the second selection switches 32 on X1, X2 and X3 are opened;
the main control circuit comprises a main controller 17, a coil voltage inductor 18 connected with the induction coil 5 and a power grid phase detector 19 connected with an external power grid, wherein the feedback ends of the coil voltage inductor 18 and the power grid phase detector 19 are connected with the main controller 17, and the control end of the main controller 17 is respectively connected with the circuit selection switch 11, the motor side power switch device 13 and the isolating switch 16;
the control system also comprises an auxiliary control circuit, wherein the auxiliary control circuit consists of a resistance speed regulation controller 20, and the input end of the resistance speed regulation controller 20 is respectively connected with the output end of the circuit selection switch 11 and the control end of the main controller 17;
the end of the iron core retainer 3 far away from the first rotating shaft 2 is connected with the second rotating shaft 6 through a bearing, the centrifugal bracket 7 is provided with a penetrating air inlet channel 21 along the length direction of the centrifugal bracket, the outer rotor iron core 4 and the inner rotor iron core 8 are formed by sequentially superposing silicon steel sheets, the radial direction of the outer rotor iron core 4 and the radial direction of the inner rotor iron core 8 are provided with a heat dissipation channel 22, the radial direction and the axial direction of the iron core retainer 3 are respectively provided with an air outlet hole 23 and an air inlet hole 24, and the axial directions of the first rotating shaft 2 and the second rotating shaft 6 are respectively provided with a shaft current insulation pad 25;
the centrifugal support 7 comprises a sleeve 7-1 sleeved on the second rotating shaft 6, a plurality of rib plates 7-2 are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the sleeve 7-1, the included angle between the rib plates 7-2 and the radial direction of the sleeve 7-1 is theta, and the theta is 5 degrees;
the upper end of motor base 1 is equipped with cooling device, cooling device is including setting up the cooling shell 26 in motor base 1 upper end, cooling shell 26 inside communicates with motor base 1 inside cooling shell 26 is equipped with cooling tube 27 along its length direction cooling shell 26 is equipped with axial fan 33 along its length direction one end, axial fan 33 is with outside low temperature gas drive cooling tube 27 in to carry out the heat exchange with the inside high temperature gas of motor base 1, thereby reduce the inside temperature of motor base 1, just cooling shell 26 is inside still to be equipped with the guide plate 30 that guide gas flows according to "S" shape.
The control method of the permanent magnet speed regulating motor comprises the following steps:
step 1: the main controller 17 controls the circuit selection switch 11, firstly connects 2 three-phase potentials in parallel and then connects the three-phase potentials with the motor side filter 12 in series, then connects the isolating switch 16 with the second rotating shaft 6 through the external motor, thereby driving the inner rotor assembly to rotate synchronously with the external motor, and then controls the motor side power switch device 13 to increase the current in the induction coil 5, thereby increasing the torque between the outer rotor assembly and the inner rotor assembly, and finally increasing the rotating speed of the first rotating shaft 2 until the required rotating speed is reached;
step 2: when the induction voltage of the induction coil 5 continuously drops, when the empty load voltage is U0 and the induction voltage of the induction coil 5 drops to U0/N, if the rotating speed of the first rotating shaft 2 needs to be continuously accelerated, the circuit selection switch 11 connects 2 three-phase potentials in series and then connects the three-phase potentials with the motor side filter 12 in series, then the main controller 17 controls the motor side power switch device 13 to continuously increase the current in the induction coil 5, and finally the torque of the outer rotor assembly and the inner rotor assembly is continuously increased until the rotating speed of the second rotating shaft 6 reaches the required rotating speed;
if the rotation speed of the first rotating shaft 2 needs to be reduced, the induction voltage of the induction coil 5 is continuously increased, when the induction voltage of the induction coil 5 is increased to U0/2, and when the rotation speed of the first rotating shaft 2 is not reduced to the required rotation speed, the circuit selection switch 11 connects 2 three-phase potentials in parallel and then is connected with the motor side filter 12 in series, then the main controller 17 controls the motor side power switch device 13 to continuously reduce the current in the induction coil 5, and finally the torque of the outer rotor assembly and the inner rotor assembly is continuously reduced until the rotation speed of the first rotating shaft 2 reaches the required rotation speed;
step 3: when the main control circuit fails, the main controller 17 is switched to the on-resistance speed regulation controller 20 through the circuit selection switch 11, and turns off the isolation switch 16.
Example 2
The embodiment discloses a permanent magnet speed-regulating motor, the technical scheme is the same as that of the embodiment, wherein the number of groups of induction coils 5 is 12, the number of collector rings 10 is 12, each three groups of induction coils 5 form a three-phase potential, 4 three-phase potentials are shared, the radial unilateral gap between the permanent magnet 9 and the outer rotor core 4 is 4mm, and θ is 20 degrees, wherein a circuit selection switch 11 is similar to that of the embodiment 1, and can be directly obtained in an analog manner;
the control method of the permanent magnet speed regulating motor comprises the following steps:
step 1: the main controller 17 controls the circuit selection switch 11, firstly connects 4 three-phase potentials in parallel and then connects the three-phase potentials with the motor side filter 12 in series, then connects the isolating switch 16 with the second rotating shaft 6 through the external motor, thereby driving the inner rotor assembly to rotate synchronously with the external motor, and then controls the motor side power switch device 13 to increase the current in the induction coil 5, thereby increasing the torque between the outer rotor assembly and the inner rotor assembly, and finally increasing the rotating speed of the first rotating shaft 2 until the required rotating speed is reached;
step 2: when the induction voltage of the induction coil 5 continuously drops, and when the empty load voltage is U0 and the induction voltage of the induction coil 5 drops to U0/N, if the rotating speed of the first rotating shaft 2 needs to continuously increase, the circuit selection switch 11 connects N three-phase potentials in series and then connects the N three-phase potentials in series with the motor side filter 12, then the main controller 17 controls the motor side power switch device 13 to continuously increase the current in the induction coil 5, and finally the torque of the outer rotor assembly and the inner rotor assembly is continuously increased until the rotating speed of the second rotating shaft 6 reaches the required rotating speed;
if the rotation speed of the first rotating shaft 2 needs to be reduced, the induction voltage of the induction coil 5 is continuously increased, when the induction voltage of the induction coil 5 is increased to U0/N, and when the rotation speed of the first rotating shaft 2 is not reduced to the required rotation speed, the circuit selection switch 11 connects N three-phase potentials in parallel and then is connected with the motor side filter 12 in series, then the main controller 17 controls the motor side power switch device 13 to continuously reduce the current in the induction coil 5, and finally the torque of the outer rotor assembly and the inner rotor assembly is continuously reduced until the rotation speed of the first rotating shaft 2 reaches the required rotation speed;
step 3: when the main control circuit fails, the main controller 17 is switched to the on-resistance speed regulation controller 20 through the circuit selection switch 11, and turns off the isolation switch 16.
Example 3
The embodiment discloses a permanent magnet speed-regulating motor, the technical scheme is the same as that of the embodiment, wherein the number of groups of induction coils 5 is 18, the number of collector rings 10 is 18, each three groups of induction coils 5 form a three-phase potential, 6 three-phase potentials are shared, the radial unilateral gap between the permanent magnet 9 and the outer rotor core 4 is 5mm, and θ is 30 °, wherein the circuit selection switch 11 is similar to that of the embodiment 1, and can be directly obtained by analogy;
the control method of the permanent magnet speed regulating motor comprises the following steps:
step 1: the main controller 17 controls the circuit selection switch 11, firstly connects 6 three-phase potentials in parallel and then connects the three-phase potentials with the motor side filter 12 in series, then connects the isolating switch 16 with the second rotating shaft 6 through the external motor, thereby driving the inner rotor assembly to rotate synchronously with the external motor, and then controls the motor side power switch device 13 to increase the current in the induction coil 5, thereby increasing the torque between the outer rotor assembly and the inner rotor assembly, and finally increasing the rotating speed of the first rotating shaft 2 until the required rotating speed is reached;
step 2: when the induction voltage of the induction coil 5 continuously drops, and when the empty load voltage is U0 and the induction voltage of the induction coil 5 drops to U0/N, if the rotating speed of the first rotating shaft 2 needs to continuously increase, the circuit selection switch 11 connects N three-phase potentials in series and then connects the N three-phase potentials in series with the motor side filter 12, then the main controller 17 controls the motor side power switch device 13 to continuously increase the current in the induction coil 5, and finally the torque of the outer rotor assembly and the inner rotor assembly is continuously increased until the rotating speed of the second rotating shaft 6 reaches the required rotating speed;
if the rotation speed of the first rotating shaft 2 needs to be reduced, the induction voltage of the induction coil 5 is continuously increased, when the induction voltage of the induction coil 5 is increased to U0/N, and when the rotation speed of the first rotating shaft 2 is not reduced to the required rotation speed, the circuit selection switch 11 connects N three-phase potentials in parallel and then is connected with the motor side filter 12 in series, then the main controller 17 controls the motor side power switch device 13 to continuously reduce the current in the induction coil 5, and finally the torque of the outer rotor assembly and the inner rotor assembly is continuously reduced until the rotation speed of the first rotating shaft 2 reaches the required rotation speed;
step 3: when the main control circuit fails, the main controller 17 is switched to the on-resistance speed regulation controller 20 through the circuit selection switch 11, and turns off the isolation switch 16.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a permanent magnet speed regulating motor, includes motor base (1) is last and be equipped with external rotor subassembly, inner rotor subassembly, its characterized in that respectively through the bearing along its length direction's both ends: the outer rotor assembly comprises a first rotating shaft (2), a collecting ring (10) is arranged on the first rotating shaft (2), a cylindrical iron core retainer (3) is arranged at one end of the first rotating shaft (2) positioned in a motor base (1), an outer rotor iron core (4) and a plurality of groups of induction coils (5) matched with the outer rotor iron core (4) are arranged in the iron core retainer (3), the output ends of the induction coils (5) are connected with the collecting ring (10), the number of groups of the induction coils (5) is 3N, wherein N is a positive integer which is more than or equal to 2, the number of the collecting ring (10) is 3N, each three groups of induction coils (5) form a three-phase potential, the phases of the induction coils of each group are identical, and N groups of the induction coils share the three-phase potential which are identical;
the inner rotor assembly comprises a second rotating shaft (6), one end of the second rotating shaft (6) positioned in the motor base (1) is provided with a permanent magnet rotor assembly, the permanent magnet rotor assembly comprises a centrifugal bracket (7) connected with the second rotating shaft (6) in a key manner, an inner rotor iron core (8) is arranged on the circumferential surface of the centrifugal bracket (7), a permanent magnet (9) is arranged on the outer surface of the inner rotor iron core (8), a radial unilateral gap between the permanent magnet (9) and the outer rotor iron core (4) is 3-5mm, and one end, close to the first rotating shaft (2), of the second rotating shaft (6) is connected with the first rotating shaft (2) through a transition bearing (29);
when the inner rotor component and the outer rotor component generate rotation speed difference, induced voltage is generated in the induction coil (5), and the induced electric energy is transmitted to a control system through the collector ring (10) and converted into electric energy with the same voltage, the same frequency and the same phase as a motor power supply circuit, and then the electric energy is used by a motor;
the control system comprises a main circuit and a main control circuit, wherein the main circuit comprises a circuit selection switch (11) communicated with an induction coil (5), a motor side filter (12), a motor side power switch device (13), a power grid side power switch device (14), a power grid side filter (15) and an isolating switch (16) are sequentially connected in series at the output end of the circuit selection switch (11), the isolating switch (16) is communicated with an external power grid, a low-voltage traversing circuit device (28) is further connected between the motor side filter (12) and the motor side power switch device (13), N three-phase potentials are connected in parallel and then connected with the motor side filter (12) when the circuit selection switch (11) is positioned at a first station, and N three-phase potentials are connected in series and then connected with the motor side filter (12) when the circuit selection switch (11) is positioned at a second station;
the main control circuit comprises a main controller (17), a coil voltage inductor (18) connected with the induction coil (5) and a power grid phase detector (19) connected with an external power grid, wherein the feedback ends of the coil voltage inductor (18) and the power grid phase detector (19) are connected with the main controller (17), and the control end of the main controller (17) is respectively connected with a circuit selection switch (11), a motor side power switch device (13) and an isolating switch (16).
2. The permanent magnet speed motor of claim 1, wherein: the control system further comprises an auxiliary control circuit, the auxiliary control circuit is composed of a resistance speed regulation controller (20), and the input end of the resistance speed regulation controller (20) is connected with the output end of the circuit selection switch (11) and the control end of the main controller (17) respectively.
3. The permanent magnet speed motor of claim 1, wherein: 3N groups of induction coils (5) are uniformly arranged on the iron core retainer (3) along the circumferential direction of the iron core retainer, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the 3 groups of induction coils (5) which are not adjacent and are separated by N-1 coils form a three-phase potential, N three-phase potentials with the same phase are formed in a conformal mode, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and the collecting rings (10) are provided with 3N and are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the 3N groups of induction coils (5), and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
4. The permanent magnet speed motor of claim 1, wherein: one end of the iron core retainer (3) far away from the first rotating shaft (2) is connected with the second rotating shaft (6) through a bearing.
5. The permanent magnet speed motor of claim 1, wherein: the centrifugal support (7) is provided with a plurality of through air inlet channels (21) along the length direction of the centrifugal support, the outer rotor iron core (4) and the inner rotor iron core (8) are formed by sequentially superposing a plurality of silicon steel sheets, the outer rotor iron core (4) and the inner rotor iron core (8) are provided with a plurality of heat dissipation channels (22) along the radial direction, and the radial direction and the axial direction of the iron core retainer (3) are respectively provided with a plurality of air outlet holes (23) and air inlet holes (24).
6. The permanent magnet speed motor of claim 1, wherein: shaft current insulation pads (25) are arranged in the axial directions of the first rotating shaft (2) and the second rotating shaft (6).
7. The permanent magnet speed motor of claim 1, wherein: the centrifugal support (7) comprises a sleeve (7-1) sleeved on the second rotating shaft (6), a plurality of rib plates (7-2) are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the sleeve (7-1), the included angle between each rib plate (7-2) and the radial direction of the sleeve (7-1) is theta, and the theta is 5-30 degrees.
8. The permanent magnet speed motor of claim 1, wherein: the upper end of motor base (1) is equipped with cooling device, cooling device is including setting up cooling shell (26) in motor base (1) upper end, cooling shell (26) inside and the inside intercommunication of motor base (1) cooling shell (26) are equipped with a plurality of cooling tubes (27) along its length direction cooling shell (26) are equipped with axial fan (33) along its length direction one end, in cooling tube (27) are beaten into with outside low temperature gas to axial fan (33) to carry out the heat exchange with the inside high temperature gas of motor base (1), thereby reduce the inside temperature of motor base (1), just cooling shell (26) inside still is equipped with guide gas according to drainage board (30) that "S" shape flows.
9. The permanent magnet speed motor according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein: the control method of the permanent magnet speed regulating motor comprises the following steps:
the number of groups of the induction coils (5) is 3N, the number of the collecting rings (10) is 3N, and N is a positive integer more than or equal to 2;
step 1: the main controller (17) is used for controlling the circuit selection switch (11), N three-phase potentials are connected in parallel and then connected with the motor side filter (12) in series, then the isolating switch (16) is connected with the second rotating shaft (6) through the external motor, so that the inner rotor assembly and the external motor are driven to synchronously rotate, then the current in the induction coil (5) is improved through the control motor side power switch device (13), so that the torque between the outer rotor assembly and the inner rotor assembly is continuously increased, and finally the rotating speed of the first rotating shaft (2) is continuously improved;
step 2: when the induction voltage of the induction coil (5) continuously drops, when the empty load voltage is U0 and the induction voltage of the induction coil (5) drops to U0/N, if the rotating speed of the first rotating shaft (2) needs to be continuously accelerated, the circuit selection switch (11) connects N three-phase potentials in series and then connects the N three-phase potentials in series with the motor side filter (12), then the main controller (17) controls the motor side power switch device (13) to continuously increase the current in the induction coil (5), and finally the torque of the outer rotor assembly and the inner rotor assembly is continuously increased until the rotating speed of the second rotating shaft (6) reaches the required rotating speed;
if the rotating speed of the first rotating shaft (2) needs to be reduced, the induction voltage of the induction coil (5) is continuously increased, when the induction voltage of the induction coil (5) is increased to U0/N, and when the rotating speed of the first rotating shaft (2) is not reduced to the required rotating speed, the circuit selection switch (11) connects N three-phase potentials in parallel and then is connected with the motor side filter (12) in series, then the main controller (17) controls the motor side power switch device (13) to continuously reduce the current in the induction coil (5), and finally the torque of the outer rotor assembly and the inner rotor assembly is continuously reduced until the rotating speed of the first rotating shaft (2) reaches the required rotating speed;
step 3: when the main control circuit fails, the main controller (17) is switched to the on-resistance speed regulation controller (20) through the circuit selection switch (11), and the isolating switch (16) is turned off.
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| CN201810999056.0A CN108900068B (en) | 2018-08-30 | 2018-08-30 | Permanent magnet speed regulating motor and control method thereof |
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| CN112524043A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-19 | 利欧集团湖南泵业有限公司 | High-efficiency high-pressure horizontal multistage centrifugal pump |
| CN116526903A (en) * | 2023-05-24 | 2023-08-01 | 浙江芯菲智能科技有限公司 | Permanent magnet direct current brushless motor and start-stop control method thereof |
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