CN108863553A - A kind of auxiliary agent and preparation method of crop material decomposing agent - Google Patents
A kind of auxiliary agent and preparation method of crop material decomposing agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN108863553A CN108863553A CN201810837742.8A CN201810837742A CN108863553A CN 108863553 A CN108863553 A CN 108863553A CN 201810837742 A CN201810837742 A CN 201810837742A CN 108863553 A CN108863553 A CN 108863553A
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- crop material
- agent
- auxiliary agent
- decomposing agent
- decomposing
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004373 Pullulan Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920001218 Pullulan Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000019423 pullulan Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- KZRXPHCVIMWWDS-AWEZNQCLSA-N (4S)-4-amino-5-dodecanoyloxy-5-oxopentanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O KZRXPHCVIMWWDS-AWEZNQCLSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229940071085 lauroyl glutamate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- -1 step are: A Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000017858 Laurus nobilis Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000005212 Terminalia tomentosa Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 244000125380 Terminalia tomentosa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229940059913 ammonium carbonate Drugs 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229960003975 potassium Drugs 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 54
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 27
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 14
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 13
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000003413 degradative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 5
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000223260 Trichoderma harzianum Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000186046 Actinomyces Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000006439 Aspergillus oryzae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002247 Aspergillus oryzae Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000187392 Streptomyces griseus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001655322 Streptomycetales Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000223259 Trichoderma Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000223261 Trichoderma viride Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005297 material degradation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000222178 Candida tropicalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000002720 Malnutrition Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001465752 Purpureocillium lilacinum Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000000231 Sesamum indicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003434 Sesamum indicum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910003978 SiClx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005842 biochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003967 crop rotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003102 growth factor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000987 immune system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018343 nutrient deficiency Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- VDGJOQCBCPGFFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-) silicon(4+) titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Si+4].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] VDGJOQCBCPGFFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010907 stover Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009967 tasteless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002525 ultrasonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the auxiliary agents and preparation method of a kind of crop material decomposing agent, it is made of a certain proportion of pullulan, nano silica, humic acid potassium, lauroyl glutamate, ammonium carbonate, manganese sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, distilled water, and step is:(1) each raw material is weighed respectively and distilled water is spare；(2) distilled water is added after mixing pullulan therein, humic acid potassium, lauroyl glutamate, ammonium carbonate, manganese sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate powder, is uniformly mixed, obtains mixture；(3) it pours into, stirs evenly after dissolving mixture and nano silica with alcohol, after all dissolutions to be precipitated, with dilute sulfuric acid tune pH value, add remaining distilled water constant volume, auxiliary agent is made.Formula is rationally, easy to use, can effectively activate the microbial activity in crop material decomposing agent, the ingredients such as cellulose, the lignin of crop material is promoted quickly and effectively to degrade.Ecological, environmental protective, non-environmental-pollution are easy to promote and utilize.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to bioengineering fields, are more particularly to a kind of auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent, also relate to one
The preparation method of the auxiliary agent of kind crop material decomposing agent.The auxiliary agent is applicable in the various crops stalks such as rice, corn, cotton, rape
Degradation.
Background technique
The crop material of Chinese annual about more than 700,000,000 tons of production, accounts for the 30% of world's stalk total amount.In this more than 700,000,000 tons of work
In object stalk, be utilized less than 20,000,000 tons, about 97% stalk is incinerated, accumulates or abandons.Crop material not just
Resource significant wastage is not only caused when disposing, even more farmland sysrem and ambient enviroment are caused to seriously affect, to also affect
Traffic safety, social production and people's lives.Crop material has become the new source of Rural Plane Source Pollution in recent years.The annual summer
It receives and when the autumn and winter, always there are the stalks such as a large amount of rape, wheat, corn to burn in field, generate a large amount of heavy smogs, become
The bottleneck problem of rural environmental protection, or even as the arch-criminal for bringing disaster to urban environment.As " use is little " but necessary
" waste " disposed.In the case, it is handled completely by peasant, there have been a large amount of the phenomenon that burning.It is estimated that I
State's crop material open incineration discharges CO, CO2Amount respectively up to 1.15 × 107With 1.57 × 108Ton.Crop straw burning polluted sky
Gas seriously destroys soil texture and edaphon flora.
It however, stalk is the principal by product of crops, while being also a kind of important renewable organic resource.Crop straw
The nutritional ingredients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and middle microelement rich in stalk, straw-returning be using stalk resource it is direct effectively
Approach.If realizing stalk returning to the field on the spot, it is very beneficial for improving soil and farmland sysrem.Studies have shown that Returning Application of Crop Straw is
Improve effective and easy method of soil organic carbon, culture fertility, nutrient cycling and utilization rate.Returning to the field stalk is micro- in soil
Decomposition is carried out under the action of biology, the nutrients such as release nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are absorbed and utilized for crop.However, restricting current stalk is on the spot
One key factor of returning to the field is exactly straw decomposition speed issue, because many places of China are all two seasons or the two seasons above crop
Crop rotation, the time slot very little between preceding succession crop often have little time decomposition after preceding crop straw-returning, thus under the influence of
The normal sowing or growth of stubble crop, therefore straw decomposition speed constrains the enthusiasm that peasant carries out straw-returning slowly.
To improve straw utilization rate, reduces crop material and burn, many scientists focus on research and development straw decomposing in recent years
Agent is to promote crop material degradation speed, to achieve the purpose that the quick returning to the field of crop material.Straw decomposing inoculant, which refers to, to be accelerated
The decomposed living microorganisms preparation of all kinds of agricultural crop straws.Straw decomposing inoculant is often by a variety of different microorganism groups at can make
The organic wastes quick composting such as stalk, making the elements such as organic matter and phosphorus contained in stalk, potassium quickly becomes plant growth institute
The nutrition needed improves the soil organism, improves crop quality, improves crop yield.But since the microorganism in decomposing agent is by straw
The many factors such as stalk type, buried depth, temperature, humidity, environmental microorganism influence, and often activity cannot be excited sufficiently, breeding
Speed is affected, and decomposition effect is limited to.Therefore, to overcome straw type, environmental factor, microbial activity etc.
Influence factor, improves the function and effect of decomposing agent, this research team passes through many years repetition test, has developed this straw decomposing inoculant
Auxiliary agent can effectively improve the degradation effect of straw decomposing inoculant, shorten the straw degradative time, improve degrading quality.
The present invention is effective activity factor effect using microorganism, small-size effect, surface in conjunction with nano material
Active effect, combined using traditional induced activation factor with modern nanotechnology the one kind developed can effectively activate it is micro-
On the one hand biological self reproducing and degrading activity improve environmental factor to adapt to activation of microorganism, on the other hand improve microorganism to ring
Microorganism is improved in terms of the adaptability two in border to the adaptation to complicated environmental condition and effectively improves its bioactivity and breeding work
Property, help microorganism to carry out Diffusion Cell wall early period before starting straw degradative, expand space between cells, tentatively corrode cell, open
The work such as corresponding biochemical reactions in animal and plant body, and then improve the straw degradative efficiency and effect of microorganism.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of auxiliary agents of crop material decomposing agent.The auxiliary agent is suitable for multiple types
The promotion degradation of decomposing agent is also applied for the decomposed degradation of the various crops stalk such as rice, corn, cotton, rape, can have
Microbial activity in the activation crop material decomposing agent of effect, keeps the PH for being suitable for microbial activities in crop material decomposing agent
The microenvironments such as value, humidity, temperature promote the ingredients such as cellulose, the lignin of crop material quickly and effectively to degrade.
Another object of the present invention is to be the provision of a kind of preparation method of the auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent, method
Easy, easy to operate, ingredient stably dispersing, ecological, environmental protective, non-environmental-pollution is easy to promote and utilize.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention uses following technical measures：
A kind of auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent, it is made of the mass fraction of following raw material：
The pullulan also known as pullulan, English name Pullulan.It is it is a kind of with starch or carbohydrate for original
Material, the extracellular pure natural macromolecule polysaccharide generated through microbial fermentation.The polysaccharide is soluble easily in water, safe and non-toxic, edible, low
Calorific value；Plasticity, good film-forming property, book film gas barrier properties are good.In cosmetics, medicine, the industries such as food, pesticide have extensive use
On the way.Because it can be degraded by microorganisms utilization in nature, environmental pollution will not be caused, therefore be known as nuisanceless plastics.Due to it
Special property, making it in the application has the advantages that some other products are irreplaceable.
The nano silica (English name nano-silicon dioxide) is a kind of inorganic chemical industry material, custom
Claim white carbon black.Due to being ultrafine nanometer, size range has many unique properties in 1~100nm, such as has pair
Anti-ultraviolet optical property can improve anti-aging other materials, intensity and chemical-resistance.Purposes is very extensive.Nanoscale
Silica is amorphous white powder, nontoxic, tasteless, pollution-free, and micro-structure is spherical shape, in cotton-shaped and netted quasi- particle knot
Structure, molecular formula and structural formula are SiO2, not soluble in water.
The humic acid is the larger molecular organics matter being widely present in nature, be widely used in Agriculture, forestry And Animal Husbandry, petroleum,
The every field such as chemical industry, building materials, medical and health, environmental protection, across tens industries.Especially now advocate ecological agriculture construction,
Pollution-less agriculture production, green food, pollution-free environment-friendly products etc., more make " humic acid " by high praise, facts proved that, the mankind's
Life and too busy to get away humic acid of surviving, its a really developing promising rising industry belong to a novel spy
Different industry.Chinese is humic acid potassium.
The auxiliary agent is applicable in the degradation of the various crops stalk such as rice, corn, cotton, rape, while being also applied for a variety of micro-
Biological inoculum such as candida tropicalis, aspergillus oryzae, trichoderma viride, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces, Trichoderma harzianum, saccharomycete
With bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus niger, trichoderma pseudokiningii, the flat lead fungi of yellow born of the same parents' raw wool, white light streptomycete, gel-shaped
The activation of bacillus, Trichoderma harzianum, Paecilomyces lilacinus, streptomyces griseus etc. can effectively activate in crop material decomposing agent
Microbial activity, holding be suitable for the microenvironments such as the pH value of microbial activities, humidity, temperature in crop material decomposing agent, promote
The ingredients such as cellulose, lignin into crop material are quickly and effectively degraded.Easy to implement the method, easy to operate, ingredient stably dispersing is raw
State environmental protection, non-environmental-pollution are easy to promote and utilize.
A kind of auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent, (preferable range) is made by the mass fraction of following raw material in it：
A kind of auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent, (good range) is made by the mass fraction of following raw material in it：
A kind of auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent, (best range) is made by the mass fraction of following raw material in it：
A kind of auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent, (optimum range) is made by the mass fraction of following raw material in it：
A kind of auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent, (optimum value) is made by the mass fraction of following raw material in it：
In eight kinds of raw materials of the auxiliary agent of above-mentioned crop material decomposing agent, the pullulan of suitable proportion, nanometer titanium dioxide
Silicon, humic acid potassium and lauroyl glutamate are the ingredients of four kinds of most criticals, and wherein pullulan adds humic acid potassium and nanometer
The mass ratio of silica is 2：1, the mass ratio of humic acid potassium and lauroyl glutamate is 2：1.Pullulan and rotten plant
For the core ratio of sour potassium and nano silica primarily to generating surfactant and biogas, activation is in quiescent condition
Endogenous and inoculating microbe activity, stimulation beneficial microorganism is grown and metabolism, inhibits the growth of unfavorable bacterium, promotes flora
Structure changes.On the one hand the effect of the core ratio of humic acid potassium and lauroyl glutamate is the enzyme activity for promoting microorganism
Property, since the beneficial bacteria in soil environment does not enrich in type and quantity, the original poor nutrient environment of flora passes through this
Kind of core proportion can enable some because nutritional deficiency grows suppressed bacterium mass propagation, and the effect of another aspect improves micro-
The adaptability and immune resistance to environment of biology.
A kind of preparation method of the auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent, step are:
(1) pullulan, nano silica, humic acid potassium, lauroyl glutamate, carbonic acid are weighed in proportion respectively
Ammonium, manganese sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, distilled water are spare；
(2) raw material in step (1) is weighed by the mass percent of preparation amount respectively, by pullulan therein,
35-45% mass ratio is added after humic acid potassium, lauroyl glutamate, ammonium carbonate, manganese sulfate, the mixing of potassium dihydrogen phosphate powder
Distilled water is uniformly mixed, and obtains mixture；
(3) after then the mixture of step (2) and nano silica being dissolved with 2-3ml75% (v/v) alcohol slowly
It pours into, is put under ultrasonic wave after mixing evenly and handles 10-15min, after all dissolutions to be precipitated, with dilute sulfuric acid tune pH value to 5.6-
7.0, add remaining 23-37.7% distilled water (mass ratio) constant volume, the auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent is made.
In the technical measures of above three step, it is crucial that on the one hand step (3), mainly solves nano-silica
The problem of dissolving each other of SiClx and other compositions solution, on the other hand solves nano silica and pullulan and humic acid potassium
Chelating problem, it makes nano silica be dissolved in step from being dissolved in turning in 75% (v/v) alcohol rapidly by ultrasonic technology
Suddenly in the solution of (2), while the ultrasonication of 10-15min can promote nano silica and pullulan and rotten plant
The chelating of sour potassium forms stable solution, and so that solution is formed chronic steady state in conjunction with tune pH value to 5.6-7.0.With it is existing
Technology is compared, which uses ultrasonic technology, and the nano silica that can be is dissolved rapidly, and by long-term
Testing the ultrasonic time obtained enables nano silica sufficiently to be combined with pullulan with humic acid potassium, and formation is stablized molten
Liquid.
2015-2017 applicant studies the synergistic effect of decomposing agent auxiliary agent.As can be seen from Table 1, no
With decomposing agent after handling 35 days soybean and corn stover decomposed rate respectively between 48.6-52.1% and 42.9-51.0%,
But after decomposing agent+auxiliary agent processing, decomposed rate respectively reaches 76% and 73% or more；Different single decomposing agents are to soybean and corn stalk
Decomposed rate is only respectively 63% or so and 58% or so after stalk is handled 45 days, and after decomposing agent+auxiliary agent processing, 45 days straw decomposings
Rate can reach 90% or so.Moreover, as can be seen from Table 2, after decomposing agent plus auxiliary agent of the present invention, succession crop rape and small
The yield of wheat increases by 11.4% and 12.1% than the decomposing agent processing of non-adding assistant respectively.This also illustrates that auxiliary agent of the present invention not only may be used
To accelerate straw decomposing speed, straw decomposing rate is improved, and can increase succession crop yield by a relatively large margin.
Straw decomposing rate variation after this auxiliary agent is added in the different straw decomposing inoculants of table 1.
Influence of 2. straw decomposing inoculants of the table+auxiliary agent to succession crop yield
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following advantages that and effect：
The mixture prescription is reasonable, easy to use, and applicability is wide, can effectively activate the microorganism in crop material decomposing agent living
Property, holding is suitable for the microenvironments such as the pH value of microbial activities, humidity, temperature in crop material decomposing agent, promotes crop material
The ingredients such as cellulose, lignin quickly and effectively degrade.It is easy to implement the method, easy to operate, ingredient stably dispersing, ecological, environmental protective, nothing
Environmental pollution, it is easy to promote and utilize.Its effect is mainly manifested in the following aspects：
(1) applied widely.The auxiliary agent is suitable for the false silk in the torrid zone contained in current reported straw decomposing inoculant
Yeast, aspergillus oryzae, trichoderma viride, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces, Trichoderma harzianum, saccharomycete and bacillus subtilis, wine brewing
It is yeast, aspergillus niger, trichoderma pseudokiningii, the flat lead fungi of yellow born of the same parents' raw wool, white light streptomycete, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, Trichoderma harzianum, light
The activation and the numerous effect of expansion of the almost all of biological inoculum such as purple paecilomycerol, streptomyces griseus, can quickly significantly improve these
The activity of biological inoculum, and then promote the quick composting degradation of crop material.
(2) applicable crops are more.Effect in the auxiliary agent containing adherent cell, degrade cell wall, Diffusion Cell gap, for
Lignin, cellulose cell in the various crops stalk such as rape, soybean, rice, cotton, sesame all have preferable adherency,
Degradation and loose effect to significantly improve the permeability of all kinds of crop material decomposing agents, and then accelerate the drop of crop material
Solution.
(3) significant effect.The auxiliary agent can fully absorb under conditions of arid, low temperature etc. are unfavorable for crop material degradation
Using a small amount of moisture in environment, stalk humidity is kept, promotes stalk internal temperature, extruding crop material cell is promoted decomposed
Microbial activity in agent, to significantly improve the decomposed effect and speed of crop material, applicant is respectively in different straw decomposings
After the test result carried out in agent shows to apply the auxiliary agent of straw decomposing inoculant of the present invention, the straw decomposing time at least does sth. in advance one week
More than.
(4) ecological, environmental protective is pollution-free.Each material composition used in the auxiliary agent is pollution-free ingredient, environmentally friendly nothing
Pollution.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of different straw decomposing agent aid processing to the influence schematic diagram of rice straw decomposition rate.
Fig. 2 is a kind of different straw decomposing agent aid processing to the influence schematic diagram of rape stalk decomposition rate.
Attached drawing 1 and attached drawing 2 are to add auxiliary agent of the present invention in decomposing agent and do not add the Comparision Test of auxiliary agent of the present invention,
Attached drawing 1 be 2015-2016 year the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences's oil plant sun patrol the decomposed comparative test of rice straw in base, as a result table
It is bright, after different types of decomposing agent adds auxiliary agent of the present invention, straw degradative rate can be substantially speeded up, auxiliary agent of the present invention is added
Straw decomposing rate can reach 50% or so to decomposing agent after 30 days, and straw decomposing rate can reach 90% or so within 40 days, without
To add decomposed rate when the decomposing agent of this auxiliary agent handled rice straw by 40 days be just only 40% or so, i.e. addition auxiliary agent of the present invention
Decomposing agent is at least enhanced about more than once to straw degradative rate.2016-2017 year is in the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences's oil plant institute Hanchuan base
The decomposed comparative test of rape stalk also obtained similar result (Fig. 2).
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1：
A kind of auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent, it is made of the mass fraction of following raw material：
A kind of preparation method of the auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent, step are：
(1) pullulan, nano silica, humic acid potassium, lauroyl glutamate, ammonium carbonate, sulfuric acid are taken respectively
Manganese, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, distilled water are spare；
(2) raw material in step (1) is weighed by the mass percent of preparation amount respectively, by pullulan therein,
The steaming of 35% mass ratio is added after humic acid potassium, lauroyl glutamate, ammonium carbonate, manganese sulfate, the mixing of potassium dihydrogen phosphate powder
Distilled water dissolution, is uniformly mixed, and obtains mixture；
(3) it is poured slowly into, stirs after then dissolving the mixture of step (2) and nano silica with 2-3ml alcohol
10 or 12 or 14 or 15min of processing under ultrasonic wave is put into after uniformly, after all dissolutions to be precipitated, with dilute sulfuric acid tune pH value, pH value
5.6 or 5.8 or 5.8 or 6.0 or 6.2 or 6.5 or 6.7 or 6.9 or 7.0, add the distilled water of remaining 36.4% (mass ratio) fixed
Hold；The auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent is made.
The ultrasound for being dissolved rapidly by the nano silica of above-mentioned specific embodiment, and being obtained by long term test
Time enables nano silica sufficiently to be combined with pullulan with humic acid potassium, obtains stable auxiliary agent mixed liquor.
A kind of auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent, it is made of the mass fraction percentage raw material of following raw material：
Its preparation step is same as Example 1.
It is further illustrated below by test.
Research of the auxiliary agent of straw decomposing inoculant to decomposing agent degradation effect is promoted：
The decomposed test of rice straw：It tests and is ground in 2015-2016 in Wuhan Yangluo Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences oil crops
Study carefully institute's sun and patrols base progress.It selects at random on the market and has purchased 3 kinds of decomposing agents, respectively：Hubei Feng Chi microorganism-decomposing agent
(No. 1 decomposing agent), Wuhan Shi Ruifu Biological straw decomposition agent (No. 2 decomposing agents), Henan treasured melt BM microbial inoculum-straw decomposing inoculant (No. 3
Decomposing agent).Test sets 6 processing altogether.Handle A：No. 1 decomposing agent+auxiliary agent；Handle B：No. 2 decomposing agent+auxiliary agents；Handle C：No. 3 corruption
Ripe dose+auxiliary agent；Compare A：No. 1 decomposing agent；Compare B：No. 2 decomposing agents；Compare C：No. 3 decomposing agents.Decomposing agent presses 30kg/hm2With
Compound fertilizer 600kg/hm2On rice straw after being uniformly sprinkling upon harvest rice after mixing, for handling A-C, by 3L/hm2It is watered
300L water (auxiliary agent 200ml is watered 20L per acre) even spraying is on rice straw.Then plough it is whole, by stalk, decomposing agent, compound
Fertilizer, auxiliary agent etc. are embedded to underground together.Then straw decomposition amount and straw decomposition rate are calculated.
Straw decomposition amount refers to the percentage contents of straw decomposition, is indicated with straw decomposition percentage.Straw decomposition percentage
Rate=100 × (the stalk quality that initial stalk quality-stage in stage terminates)/stage initial stalk quality.Straw decomposition
Rate：V=Y × (A-B)/(A × T).V is straw decomposition rate (gg-1a-1) in formula, and Y is 365 (da-1), and A is rank
The initial stalk quality (g) of section, B are the stalk quality (g) terminated in the stage, and T is decomposition time (d).Related situation is see Fig. 1.
The decomposed test of rape stalk：It tests in 2016-2017 in Inst. of Oil Crops, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Hanchuan
Proving ground carries out.It selects at random on the market and has purchased 3 kinds of decomposing agents, respectively：Dragon wound bio-fermentation agent (No. 4 in Beijing
Decomposing agent), Hunan Yuyuan Garden organic matter decomposing inoculant (No. 5 decomposing agents), Hunan Tai Gu straw decomposing inoculant (No. 6 decomposing agents).Test
6 processing are set altogether.Handle D：No. 4 decomposing agent+auxiliary agents；Handle E：No. 5 decomposing agent+auxiliary agents；Handle F：No. 6 decomposing agent+auxiliary agents；It is right
According to D：No. 4 decomposing agents；Compare E：No. 5 decomposing agents；Compare F：No. 6 decomposing agents.Decomposing agent presses 30kg/hm2With compound fertilizer 600kg/
hm2It is uniformly sprinkling upon after mixing on the rape stalk after disposably being harvested with combine harvester, for handling D-F, is converted by 3L/hm2
Water 300L water (auxiliary agent 200ml is watered 20L per acre) even spraying is on rice straw.Then plough it is whole, by stalk, decomposing agent, multiple
Hefei, auxiliary agent etc. are embedded to underground together.Then straw decomposition amount and straw decomposition rate are calculated.Related situation is see Fig. 2.
Meanwhile the auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent of the present invention is also on Hubei Xiaochang, Jiujiang and Wuhu and other places
The test and verifying of the more crops of multiple years and the combination of a variety of decomposing agents have been carried out, while having been compared, effect situation
See the description in summary of the invention.
In conclusion the auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent of the present invention have function and effect are significant, pollution is small, it is at low cost,
The features such as applicability is wide.Recently as becoming increasingly conspicuous for Environmental Protection in China problem, stalk processing is for alleviating China's rural environment
Pollution problem is significant, simultaneously because crop material can effectively promote China's land quality, therefore invention formulation will be rush
It plays an important role into the improvement of China's rural environment, farmland sustainable development etc..Moreover, raw material sources of the present invention are extensive, production
Simple process, safety are easy, and crops input cost can be effectively reduced, and improve the decomposition speed and effect of crop material decomposing agent
Fruit increases peasant planting benefit.Compared with other similar products, the auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent is also had the advantage that：
(1) soil quality is greatly improved.It is beneficial micro- in soil containing promoting in the auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent of the present invention
The ingredient of bioactivation, can beneficial microbe in effective activation soil, promote the raising of edaphon and enzymatic activity, together
When crop material decomposing agent of the present invention auxiliary agent can also significantly improve Microbial and soil soluble carbon content, promote in soil
It is difficult to the release of the nutrients such as the nitrogen being absorbed by plants, phosphorus, potassium, promotes the improvement and sustainable use of soil quality.
(2) peasant planting cost is reduced.Since the auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent of the present invention on the one hand being capable of activating soil
In beneficial microbe, on the other hand the nutrient for being difficult to be absorbed by plants in soil can be promoted to be absorbed by plants, simultaneously
The auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent of the present invention itself can also promote plant root growth, improve absorption of the crop to nutrient,
Therefore the dose of peasant can be significantly reduced, and then reduces planting cost.
(3) succession crop yield and quality is substantially improved.Since this auxiliary agent can significantly improve Microbial and soil can
Dissolubility carbon content promotes the release that the multiple types nutrient such as the nitrogen being absorbed by plants, phosphorus, potassium is difficult in soil, therefore soil
Middle nutrition is more balanced, so as to effectively promote succession crop yield and quality.Simultaneously as crop material of the present invention is decomposed
Also nutritional ingredient and growth factor containing plant growth in the auxiliary agent of agent, can effectively promote crop yield and quality.Therefore
Application invention formulation also plays a significant role for promoting succession crop yield and quality.
(4) effectively prevent succession crop disease pest and weed.Containing the chemistry for being improved crop resistance in one side invention formulation
Inducible factor can effectively induce plant immune system active；On the other hand due to quantity of useful microbe in soil increase,
Inhibit the generation of pest and disease damage in soil.
(5) at low cost, applicability is wide.Products material of the present invention is from a wealth of sources, and cost is relatively low.In applicable crops range
On, can be widely applied for various crop, as rice, wheat, cotton, rape, Soybean and Other Crops stalk, while also to current
Different types of decomposing agent all has preferable facilitation.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent, it is made of the mass fraction of following raw material：
A kind of preparation method of the auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent, step are：
A, pullulan, nano silica, humic acid potassium, lauroyl glutamate, ammonium carbonate, sulphur are weighed in proportion respectively
Sour manganese, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, distilled water are spare；
B, the raw material in step (A) is weighed by mass percentage respectively, by pullulan therein, humic acid potassium, laurel
The distilled water of 35-45% mass ratio is added after acyl glutamic acid, ammonium carbonate, manganese sulfate, the mixing of potassium dihydrogen phosphate powder, mixing is equal
It is even, obtain mixture；
C is poured into after dissolving the mixture of step (B) and nano silica with 75% alcohol v/v of 2-3ml, after mixing evenly
It is put under ultrasonic wave and handles 10-15min, after all dissolutions to be precipitated, with dilute sulfuric acid tune pH value to 5.6-7.0, add remaining 23-
The auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent is made than distilled water constant volume in 37.7% mass.
2. a kind of auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
3. a kind of auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
4. a kind of auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
5. a kind of auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
6. a kind of auxiliary agent of crop material decomposing agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
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