CN108849723A - 一种肉用火鸡的饲养方法 - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种肉用火鸡的饲养方法，包括以下步骤：1)育雏期饲养(0‑7周龄)阶段，对肉用火鸡生长的温度、湿度、通风、光照、密度进行科学合理管控；2)育成期饲养阶段，对肉用火鸡的饲养进行定时定量的喂养，喂饲适合的饲料，配合自由采食黑麦草、韭菜、大蒜，促消化，抗病毒；公鸡母鸡分群管理，合理控制光照，促生长。本发明充分结合肉用火鸡生长的生理特点，合理控制饲养的环境条件，通过对育雏期饲养和育成期饲养的精细化管理，消化吸收好，抵抗力强，可以加快肉用火鸡的生长发育，出品率高；而且肉质鲜嫩，营养均衡，口感佳，养殖经济效益好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及家禽养殖技术领域，具体涉及一种肉用火鸡的饲养方法。
背景技术
火鸡，又名七面鸟或吐绶鸡，肉质细腻鲜美，具有独特的野味，营养成分丰富，具有蛋白质含量高，脂肪低，胆固醇低的特点，并含有丰富的铁，锌，磷，钾及维生素 B，有着广阔的市场前景。火鸡分为种火鸡和肉用火鸡。种火鸡是以产蛋为主要饲养目的的火鸡。肉用火鸡具有生长快、肉质好和产肉效率高等特点，是家禽养殖生产中经济效率最高的一种肉用禽种，肉用火鸡肉含蛋白质高达30-35％，还具有森林野禽特有的风味，因而备受消费者的青睐。但是目前国内肉用火鸡的饲养方法不多，所以研究开发一种肉用火鸡的饲养方法很有发展前景。
发明内容
为了克服上述背景技术中存在的不足，本发明提供了一种肉用火鸡的饲养方法，结合肉用火鸡生长的生理特点，合理控制饲养的环境条件，通过对育雏期饲养和育成期饲养的精细化管理，可以加快肉用火鸡的生长发育，出品率高；肉质鲜嫩，营养均衡，口感佳，养殖经济效益好。
为实现上述目的本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种肉用火鸡的饲养方法，包括以下步骤：
1)育雏期饲养(0-7周龄)
A.温度：育雏室内温度第一周维持在35℃，以后每隔3天降低1.2℃，降到22-25℃为止；
B.湿度：保持育雏室内的相对湿度为75％-85％；
C.通风：育雏室各角落设置有圆形通风口，通风口上安装有防虫网；
D.光照：运用连续光照15小时再黑暗1小时的光照方法，每12平方米安装一个15瓦LED灯泡；
E.密度：地面平养6周，每平方米15只；
2)育成期饲养
A.饲养：饲养密度为每平方米2只火鸡，每天喂饲料4-5次，每次每只喂饲料80-120g,每次喂饲料间隔3-4小时，按饲料量3-5％加喂洋葱；饲养场旁种植有黑麦草、韭菜、大蒜，种植比例为4:3:2，每天可放火鸡自由采食1-2小时；
B.分群：公鸡母鸡分开饲养，地面塑垫平养；饲养场安装有饮水槽、食槽、砂盘、栖架、补光设施；
C.光照：促进生长阶段（8-18周龄），公鸡每天光照18-20小时，母鸡每天光照16-18小时，早晚补充光照度为25-30 Lux； 限制生长阶段（19-28周龄），公鸡每天光照10小时，母鸡每天光照7小时。
进一步地，所述饲料由以下质量百分比的原料组成：黄豆粉14%、稻谷粉15%、苜蓿粉15%、米糠10%、鱼粉12%、桂粉10％、棉仁饼8%、菜子饼8%、干姜粉8％、大蒜粉5%、甘草粉5％、茴香粉5％、韭菜粉5％、洋葱粉5%、多种维生素0.14%、微量元素0.12%、赖氨酸0.12%、蛋氨酸0.015%；其经各组分混合均匀制得。
所述黑麦草含有粗蛋白4.93%，粗脂肪1.06%，无氮浸出物4.57%，钙0.075%，磷0.07%，其中粗蛋白、粗脂肪比杂草含量高出3倍，生长快，火鸡喜欢采食。
所述韭菜具有补肾、健胃、提神、止汗固涩的功效，而且生长快，火鸡喜欢采食。
所述大蒜的大蒜叶中富含有蛋白质、胡萝卜素、硫胺素、核黄素等营养成分；其中含有的辣素具有醒脾气、消积食的作用，还有良好的杀菌、抑菌作用，能有效预防流感，肠炎等因环境污染引起的疾病，火鸡喜欢采食。
本发明的有益效果在于：本发明充分结合肉用火鸡生长的生理特点，合理控制饲养的环境条件，通过对育雏期饲养和育成期饲养的精细化管理，消化吸收好，抵抗力强，可以加快肉用火鸡的生长发育，出品率高；而且肉质鲜嫩，营养均衡，口感佳，养殖经济效益好。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的技术方案做进一步说明。
实施例1
一种肉用火鸡的饲养方法，包括以下步骤：
1)育雏期饲养(0-7周龄)
A.温度：育雏室内温度第一周维持在35℃，以后每隔3天降低1.2℃，降到22℃为止；
B.湿度：保持育雏室内的相对湿度为75％；
C.通风：育雏室各角落设置有圆形通风口，通风口上安装有防虫网；
D.光照：运用连续光照15小时再黑暗1小时的光照方法，每12平方米安装一个15瓦LED灯泡；
E.密度：地面平养6周，每平方米15只；
2)育成期饲养
A.饲养：饲养密度为每平方米2只火鸡，每天喂饲料4次，每次每只喂饲料80-120g, 每次喂饲料间隔3-4小时，按饲料量3-5％加喂洋葱；饲养场旁种植有黑麦草、韭菜、大蒜，种植比例为4:3:2，每天可放火鸡自由采食2小时；
B.分群：公鸡母鸡分开饲养，地面塑垫平养；饲养场安装有饮水槽、食槽、砂盘、栖架、补光设施；
C.光照：促进生长阶段（8-18周龄），公鸡每天光照18小时，母鸡每天光照16小时，早晚补充光照度为25 Lux； 限制生长阶段（19-28周龄），公鸡每天光照10小时，母鸡每天光照7小时。
进一步地，所述饲料由以下质量百分比的原料组成：黄豆粉14%、稻谷粉15%、苜蓿粉15%、米糠10%、鱼粉12%、桂粉10％、棉仁饼8%、菜子饼8%、干姜粉8％、大蒜粉5%、甘草粉5％、茴香粉5％、韭菜粉5％、洋葱粉5%、多种维生素0.14%、微量元素0.12%、赖氨酸0.12%、蛋氨酸0.015%；其经各组分混合均匀制得。
实施例2
一种肉用火鸡的饲养方法，包括以下步骤：
1)育雏期饲养(0-7周龄)
A.温度：育雏室内温度第一周维持在35℃，以后每隔3天降低1.2℃，降到25℃为止；
B.湿度：保持育雏室内的相对湿度为80％；
C.通风：育雏室各角落设置有圆形通风口，通风口上安装有防虫网；
D.光照：运用连续光照15小时再黑暗1小时的光照方法，每12平方米安装一个15瓦LED灯泡；
E.密度：地面平养6周，每平方米15只；
2)育成期饲养
A.饲养：饲养密度为每平方米2只火鸡，每天喂饲料5次，每次每只喂饲料80-120g, 每次喂饲料间隔4小时，按饲料量3-5％加喂洋葱；饲养场旁种植有黑麦草、韭菜、大蒜，种植比例为4:3:2，每天可放火鸡自由采食1-2小时；
B.分群：公鸡母鸡分开饲养，地面塑垫平养；饲养场安装有饮水槽、食槽、砂盘、栖架、补光设施；
C.光照：促进生长阶段（8-18周龄），公鸡每天光照20小时，母鸡每天光照18小时，早晚补充光照度为25 Lux； 限制生长阶段（19-28周龄），公鸡每天光照10小时，母鸡每天光照7小时。
进一步地，所述饲料由以下质量百分比的原料组成：黄豆粉14%、稻谷粉15%、苜蓿粉15%、米糠10%、鱼粉12%、桂粉10％、棉仁饼8%、菜子饼8%、干姜粉8％、大蒜粉5%、甘草粉5％、茴香粉5％、韭菜粉5％、洋葱粉5%、多种维生素0.14%、微量元素0.12%、赖氨酸0.12%、蛋氨酸0.015%；其经各组分混合均匀制得。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包括在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.一种肉用火鸡的饲养方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
1)育雏期饲养(0-7周龄)
A.温度：育雏室内温度第一周维持在35℃，以后每隔3天降低1.5℃，降到22-25℃为止；
B.湿度：保持育雏室内的相对湿度为75％-85％；
C.通风：育雏室各角落设置有圆形通风口，通风口上安装有防虫网；
D.光照：运用连续光照15小时再黑暗1小时的光照方法，每12平方米安装一个15瓦LED灯泡；
E.密度：地面平养6周，每平方米15只；
2)育成期饲养
A.饲养：饲养密度为每平方米2只火鸡，每天喂饲料4-5次，每次每只喂饲料80-120g,每次喂饲料间隔3-4小时，按饲料量3-5％加喂洋葱；饲养场旁种植有黑麦草、韭菜、大蒜，种植比例为4:3:2，每天可放火鸡自由采食1-2小时；
B.分群：公鸡母鸡分开饲养，地面塑垫平养；饲养场安装有饮水槽、食槽、砂盘、栖架、补光设施；
C.光照：促进生长阶段（8-18周龄），公鸡每天光照18-20小时，母鸡每天光照16-18小时，早晚补充光照度为25-30 Lux； 限制生长阶段（19-28周龄），公鸡每天光照10小时，母鸡每天光照7小时。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种肉用火鸡的饲养方法，其特征在于：所述饲料由以下质量百分比的原料组成：黄豆粉14%、稻谷粉15%、苜蓿粉15%、米糠10%、鱼粉12%、桂粉10％、棉仁饼8%、菜子饼8%、干姜粉8％、大蒜粉5%、甘草粉5％、茴香粉5％、韭菜粉5％、洋葱粉5%、多种维生素0.14%、微量元素0.12%、赖氨酸0.12%、蛋氨酸0.015%；其经各组分混合均匀制得。
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