CN108839673A - A kind of device and method of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement - Google Patents
A kind of device and method of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN108839673A CN108839673A CN201810678252.8A CN201810678252A CN108839673A CN 108839673 A CN108839673 A CN 108839673A CN 201810678252 A CN201810678252 A CN 201810678252A CN 108839673 A CN108839673 A CN 108839673A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
- B61K9/12—Measuring or surveying wheel-rims
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
- G01B11/10—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters of objects while moving
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of device and methods of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement, belong to wheel geometric parameter detection technique field.A kind of device of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement of the invention, including along This train is bound for XXX is set in turn in velocity sensor on the inside of track, starts switch, testing agency, laser displacement sensor I and shutdown switch, it further include the laser displacement sensor II being set on the inside or outside of track, the testing agency includes movable plate moving up and down and the detection unit for detecting movable plate motion conditions.On-line dynamic measurement can be carried out to train wheel geometric parameter using technical solution of the present invention, and its measurement accuracy is higher, to advantageously ensure that the safety traffic of train.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wheel geometric parameter detection technique fields, more specifically to a kind of train wheel geometric parameters
The device and method of number on-line dynamic measurement.
Background technique
Train wheel is one of most important running part of rail transit train, it carries all dynamic and static loads of train
Lotus.But during train operation, due to rubbing for a long time between wheel and track, different degrees of abrasion can be caused to wheel,
Such as diameter abrasion, flange wear.Diameter abrasion will lead to same vehicle or unit-frame or with transfinite to wheel footpath difference and wheel rim height increase
Greatly, flange wear will lead to flange thickness reduce and wheel rim integrated value reduce, these the occurrence of traffic safety can all be made
At very big threat.Therefore, the diameter (D of train wheel in time, is quickly and accurately measuredT), wheel rim high (Sh), wheel rim it is thick
(Sd), the geometric parameters such as wheel rim integrated value (Qr), for ensureing that the traffic safety of train is of great significance.
The detection means of existing wheel geometric parameter mainly includes manual measurement and static measurement.Wherein, manual measurement master
If carrying out rough measure to wheel geometric parameter using the 4th kind of detector and wheel footpath ruler, measurement advantage is that equipment investment is low,
The disadvantage is that precision is low, human input is big, measurement period is long.Static measurement is to carry out wheel geometric parameters using special equipments such as lathes
A kind of means of number measurement, measurement advantage are precision height, the disadvantage is that equipment investment is big, at high cost, need to expend a large amount of people
Power and material resources, and measurement period is longer, to influence the normal use of train.
Various limitations as existing for manual measurement and static measurement, present more and more people concentrate on online dynamic
The research of measurement method.Such as, application number 200610155282.8 discloses a kind of vehicle wheel to diameter online test method and dress
It sets, the letter for the base position that this method is detected using projection information of the structured light light source on wheel tread and displacement sensor
Breath detects wheel average diameter parameter and left and right wheels wheel footpath difference parameter, but this method exists and to be influenced, be responded by ambient light
The disadvantages such as speed is slow, measurement accuracy is low.Application number 201410519742.5 discloses a kind of municipal rail train wheelset profile and examines online
Method and device is surveyed, this application measures the wheel rim of different moments tyre tread contour line most based on two-dimensional laser displacement transducer technology
The point of different moments is reverted to the coordinate value under synchronization in situation known to speed by low spot coordinate, using 3 points at
Round principle fits the circle where wheel rim vertex, then obtains wheel with the wheel rim height that wheel rim vertex circular diameter subtracts twice
Diameter.This method due to speed as it is known that in the seat reverted to the value of different moments wheel rim minimum point under synchronization
During scale value, due to the deviation of speed, the coordinate value after causing reduction is distorted, the wheel rim apex circle after eventually leading to fitting
Diameter has biggish deviation.
Summary of the invention
1. technical problems to be solved by the inivention
It is an object of the invention to overcome problem above existing for existing train wheel geometric parameter measurement, one kind is provided
The device and method of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement.It can be several to train wheel using technical solution of the present invention
What parameter carries out on-line dynamic measurement, and its measurement accuracy is higher, to advantageously ensure that the safety traffic of train.
2. technical solution
In order to achieve the above objectives, technical solution provided by the invention is：
First, a kind of device of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement of the invention, including along train driving side
To the velocity sensor being set in turn on the inside of track, start switch, testing agency, laser displacement sensor I and shutdown switch,
It further include the laser displacement sensor II being set on the inside or outside of track, the testing agency includes can be on wheel rolling
The movable plate of lower movement and detection unit for detecting movable plate motion conditions.
Further, the detection beam orthogonal of the laser displacement sensor I is in rim face in wheel, and and rail top face
There are slanted angle α.
Further, the laser displacement sensor II is installed on the inside of track, and be located at laser displacement sensor I and
Between shutdown switch, and there are slanted angle β in rim face in wheel, and with rail top face for its detection beam orthogonal.
Further, the laser displacement sensor II is installed on the outside of track, detection light beam and rail top face it
Between there are slanted angle β, there are slanted angle γ with rim face in wheel.
Further, the upper plane of the movable plate is contacted with wheel rim, and direction of motion when it is pressed down with
Perpendicular to the inclined included angle A in rail top face direction.
Further, the detection unit includes the tablet being installed on movable plate and is located above tablet
The eddy current displacement sensor of fixed installation, the installation direction of eddy current displacement sensor and the direction of motion of movable plate are parallel,
The eddy current displacement sensor is for detecting tablet along the displacement of movable plate moving direction.
Further, the eddy current displacement sensor is installed in fixed plate, and between movable plate and fixed plate
It is fixedly linked by elastic element and guide rail.
Further, the laser displacement sensor I is identical with the sample frequency of laser displacement sensor II, and electric whirlpool
The sample frequency K1 for flowing displacement sensor is greater than the sample frequency K2 of laser displacement sensor.
Second, a kind of method of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement of the invention, start switch when being triggered,
Laser displacement sensor I and laser displacement sensor II and eddy current displacement sensor start simultaneously at acquisition data, shutdown switch
When being triggered, data acquisition terminates, and is handled collected data to get train wheel geometric parameter, works as laser displacement
When sensor II is installed on the inside of track, the process of data processing is：
Step 1 intercepts the maximum value a1 of ascent stage in eddy current displacement sensor institute measured data to the maximum value of descending branch
Data in the section an, composition data group [a1, a2 ... ..., an], and determine position of two data of a1 and an in total data
A1 and An；
Step 2, the laser displacement sensing for finding the moment corresponding with eddy current displacement sensor institute measured data group a1 and an
Item the number B1 and Bm of device institute measuring wheel profile, if calculated result is not integer, B1 and Bm take whole not less than the minimum of calculated result
Number, calculation method are：
Step 3, the distance for finding each wheel rim vertex on B1 to Bm contour line in laser displacement sensor I institute measuring wheel profile
Value forms set of coordinates [b1, b2 ... ..., bm]；
Each data in data group [a1, a2 ... ..., an] are pressed in the position on movable plate with wheel rim by step 4
It is corresponding, distance ci of the wheel apart from laser displacement sensor I is acquired, and constitute data group [c1, c2 ..., ci ... ..cn], counted
Calculating formula is：
Wherein, the sensing head edge that L1 is laser displacement sensor I is parallel to rail top face direction to movable front edge of board (train
Drive into end) distance；
Step 5 is found out in laser displacement sensor institute measuring wheel profile and is surveyed with current vortex corresponding to B1 to Bm contour line
It measures data position C1 to Cm and takes the maximum integer of little calculated result if C1 and Cm are not integers, calculation formula is：
Step 6 finds eddy current displacement sensor (3- corresponding to C1 to Cm in data group [a1, a2 ... ..., an]
3) measured value, constitute data group [d1, d2 ... ..., dm], found in data group [c1, c2 ... ..., cn] data group [d1,
D2 ... ..., dm] corresponding to distance of the wheel apart from (4) laser displacement sensor I, constitute data group [e1, e2 ... ...,
em]；
Step 7 calculates wheel rim diameter, and calculation formula is：
Wherein, α is the detection light beam of laser displacement sensor I and the angle that is parallel between rail top face, and h1 is laser
The sensing head of displacement sensor I is along the distance perpendicular to plane on rail top face direction to movable plate；
Step 8 calculates and passes through wheel normal or the wheel closest to wheel normal in laser displacement sensor I institute measuring wheel profile
Item number E where profile, calculation formula are：
In formula：R is wheel rim vertex radius of circle, unit mm；V is train running speed, unit mm/ms's, K1 and K2
Unit is kHz；
Step 9, calculating laser displacement sensor I survey diameter value Dk corresponding to each point distance value on the E articles contour line,
Calculation method is：
Dk=D-2 (Zk- Z) (k=1,2,3 ...)
In formula：ZkThe distance value of each point on the E articles contour line, unit mm are surveyed by laser displacement sensor I；Z is laser
Displacement sensor I surveys the distance value on wheel rim vertex on the E articles profile, unit mm；
Step 10 calculates in laser displacement sensor II institute measuring wheel profile by wheel normal or closest to wheel normal
Item number F where contour line, calculation formula are：
In formula：R is wheel rim vertex radius of circle, unit mm；V is train running speed, and unit mm/ms, L3 are laser
The sensing head of displacement sensor II is along the distance for being parallel to rail top face direction to movable front edge of board, unit：mm；β is laser position
The detection light beam of displacement sensor II and the angle for being parallel to rail top face；H2 is the sensing head of laser displacement sensor II along vertical
In the distance of plane on rail top face direction to movable plate, unit：mm；
Step 11, calculation laser displacement sensor II survey diameter value Dp corresponding to each point distance value on the F articles profile, count
Calculation method is：
Dp=D-2 (Zp- Z) (p=1,2,3 ...)
In formula：D is wheel rim vertex circular diameter, unit mm；Z is surveyed on the F articles profile by laser displacement sensor II
The distance value of wheel rim apex, unit mm；Zp is surveyed the distance on the F articles profile at other each points by laser displacement sensor II
Value, unit mm；
Step 12, interception laser displacement sensor I survey on the E articles contour line in wheel rim face between wheel rim vertex
Diameter, and in conjunction with itself X axis coordinate of laser displacement sensor I, constitute set of coordinates { (Xd, Dd)}；Intercept laser displacement sensor
II surveys the diameter on the F articles contour line outside wheel rim vertex to wheel between rim face, and the X with laser displacement sensor II itself
Axial coordinate combines, and constitutes set of coordinates { (Xe, De)}；By the set of coordinates of interception, point splices characterized by wheel rim vertex again, splices
When remove a duplicate wheel rim apex coordinate, and X-coordinate is integrated, is abscissa zero point to wheel using rim face in wheel
Outer rim face is X-axis, obtains diameter the set of coordinates { (X of rim face to the outer rim face different location out of wheelf, Df)}；
Step 13, in set of coordinates { (Xf, Df) in find Xf=d or from diameter corresponding to the immediate abscissa of d, i.e.,
Obtain wheel tread diameter DT, wherein d is that wheel diameter measures the distance between rim face in basic point and wheel, and wheel rim is a height of
Step 14, in set of coordinates { (Xf, Df) in find and wheel rim thickness measurement basic point corresponding to abscissa on the outside of wheel rim
Xh, abscissa corresponding to rim face is denoted as X in wheel1, then wheel rim thickness is Sd=Xh-X1；In set of coordinates { (Xf, Df) in find with
Wheel rim integrated value measures the abscissa X on the outside of wheel rim corresponding to basic pointq, then wheel rim integrated value is Qr=Xh-Xq。
Third, a kind of method of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement of the invention, start switch when being triggered,
Laser displacement sensor I and laser displacement sensor II and eddy current displacement sensor start simultaneously at acquisition data, shutdown switch
When being triggered, data acquisition terminates, and is handled collected data to get train wheel geometric parameter, works as laser displacement
When sensor II is installed on the outside of track, the process of data processing is：
Step 1 intercepts the maximum value a1 of ascent stage in eddy current displacement sensor institute measured data to the maximum value of descending branch
Data in the section an, composition data group [a1, a2 ... ..., an], and determine position of two data of a1 and an in total data
A1 and An；
Step 2, the laser displacement sensing for finding the moment corresponding with eddy current displacement sensor institute measured data group a1 and an
Item the number B1 and Bm of device institute measuring wheel profile, if calculated result is not integer, B1 and Bm take whole not less than the minimum of calculated result
Number, calculation method are：
Step 3, the distance for finding each wheel rim vertex on B1 to Bm contour line in laser displacement sensor I institute measuring wheel profile
Value forms set of coordinates [b1, b2 ... ..., bm]；
Each data in data group [a1, a2 ... ..., an] are pressed in the position on movable plate with wheel rim by step 4
It is corresponding, distance ci of the wheel apart from laser displacement sensor I (4) is acquired, and constitute data group [c1, c2 ..., ci ... ..cn],
Calculation formula is：
Wherein, L1 is laser displacement sensor I sensing head edge be parallel to rail top face direction to movable front edge of board away from
From；
Step 5 is found out in laser displacement sensor institute measuring wheel profile and is surveyed with current vortex corresponding to B1 to Bm contour line
It measures data position C1 to Cm and takes the maximum integer of little calculated result if C1 and Cm are not integers, calculation formula is：
Step 6 finds eddy current displacement sensor (3- corresponding to C1 to Cm in data group [a1, a2 ... ..., an]
3) measured value, constitute data group [d1, d2 ... ..., dm], found in data group [c1, c2 ... ..., cn] data group [d1,
D2 ... ..., dm] corresponding to distance of the wheel apart from (4) laser displacement sensor I, constitute data group [e1, e2 ... ...,
em]；
Step 7 calculates wheel rim diameter, and calculation formula is：
Wherein, α is the detection light beam of laser displacement sensor I and the angle that is parallel between rail top face, and h1 is laser
The sensing head of displacement sensor I is along the distance perpendicular to plane on rail top face direction to movable plate；
Step 8 calculates and passes through wheel normal or the wheel closest to wheel normal in laser displacement sensor I institute measuring wheel profile
Item number E where profile, calculation formula are：
In formula：R is wheel rim vertex radius of circle, unit mm；V is train running speed, unit mm/ms's, K1 and K2
Unit is kHz；
Step 9, calculating laser displacement sensor I survey diameter value Dk corresponding to each point distance value on the E articles contour line,
Calculation method is：
Dk=D-2 (Zk- Z) (k=1,2,3 ...)
In formula：ZkThe distance value of each point on the E articles contour line, unit mm are surveyed by laser displacement sensor I；Z is laser
Displacement sensor I surveys the distance value on wheel rim vertex on the E articles profile, unit mm；
Step 10 calculates in laser displacement sensor II institute measuring wheel profile by wheel normal or closest to wheel normal
Item number F where contour line, calculation formula are：
In formula：R is wheel rim vertex radius of circle, unit mm；V is train running speed, and unit mm/ms, L3 are laser
The sensing head of displacement sensor II is along the distance for being parallel to rail top face direction to movable plate end, unit：mm；β is laser position
The detection light beam of displacement sensor II and the angle for being parallel to rail top face；H2 is the sensing head of laser displacement sensor II along vertical
In the distance of plane on rail top face direction to movable plate, unit：mm；
Step 11 rotates the F articles contour line of the laser displacement sensor II found, obtains pivoting rear wheel profile
Coordinate (the X of upper each pointi, Yi), rotation formula is
Xi=xi cosγ-yi sinγ
Yi=xi sinγ+yi cosγ
In formula：xiThe abscissa of each point on the F articles contour line, unit mm are surveyed by laser displacement sensor II；yiFor laser
Displacement sensor II surveys the ordinate of each point on the F articles contour line, unit mm；XiFor the cross for rotating through each point on rear-wheel profile
Coordinate, unit mm；YiFor the ordinate for rotating through each point on rear-wheel profile, unit mm；γ is the spy of laser displacement sensor II
Survey the angle in light beam and wheel between rim face；
Step 12, calculating laser displacement sensor II survey straight corresponding to each point distance value after the F articles contour line rotates
Diameter value is in Dp, calculation method：
Dp=D-2 (Zp- Z) (p=1,2,3 ...)
In formula：Z is surveyed the distance value of the F articles contour line pivoting rear wheel edge apex, unit by laser displacement sensor II
mm；Zp is surveyed the distance value after the F articles contour line rotates at other each points, unit mm by laser displacement sensor II；
Step 13, interception laser displacement sensor I survey on the E articles contour line in wheel rim face between wheel rim vertex
Diameter, and in conjunction with itself X axis coordinate of laser displacement sensor I, constitute set of coordinates { (Xd, Dd)}；Intercept laser displacement sensor
II is surveyed on the F articles contour line through the diameter between rim face outside pivoting rear wheel edge vertex to wheel, and and laser displacement sensor
The X axis coordinate of II itself combines, and constitutes set of coordinates { (Xe, De)}；The progress characterized by wheel rim vertex by the set of coordinates of interception again
Splicing removes a duplicate wheel rim apex coordinate when splicing, and X-coordinate is integrated, using rim face in wheel as abscissa
Zero point rim face to outside wheel is X-axis, obtains diameter the set of coordinates { (X of rim face to the outer rim face different location out of wheelf, Df)}；
Step 14, in set of coordinates { (Xf, Df) in find Xf=d or from diameter corresponding to the immediate abscissa of d, i.e.,
Obtain wheel tread diameter DT, wherein d is that wheel diameter measures the distance between rim face in basic point and wheel, and wheel rim is a height of
Step 15, in set of coordinates { (Xf, Df) in find and wheel rim thickness measurement basic point corresponding to abscissa on the outside of wheel rim
Xh, abscissa corresponding to rim face is denoted as X in wheel1, then wheel rim thickness is Sd=Xh-X1；In set of coordinates { (Xf, Df) in find with
Wheel rim integrated value measures the abscissa X on the outside of wheel rim corresponding to basic pointq, then wheel rim integrated value is Qr=Xh-Xq。
3. beneficial effect
Using technical solution provided by the invention, compared with prior art, there is following remarkable result：
(1) device of a kind of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement of the invention, side is equipped with inspection in orbit
Mechanism and laser displacement sensor I are surveyed, laser displacement sensor II, laser displacement sensor I are installed in side or outside in orbit
Detection light beam and rail top face between there are slanted angle α, the detection light beam and rail top face of laser displacement sensor II it
Between there are slanted angle β, on-line dynamic measurement can be carried out to train wheel geometric parameter using the device of the invention, effectively be mentioned
High measurement efficiency, will not influence the normally travel of train, and its measurement accuracy is higher, error is small.
(2) device of a kind of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement of the invention only passes through two laser displacements
Sensor and an eddy current displacement sensor can measure to obtain each geometric parameter of train wheel, single unit system structure and
Installation is simple, at low cost, and is easily achieved.
(3) device of a kind of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement of the invention, passes through the setting of testing agency
The position of wheel is accurately positioned, in combination with the effect of laser displacement sensor, so as to wheel rim diameter
Precise measurement is carried out, and then is conducive to the accuracy for being further ensured that train wheel geometric parameter measurement.
(4) method of a kind of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement of the invention is installed by side in orbit
Two laser displacement sensors and a detection device, and the data that it is acquired are handled, so as to train wheel
Geometric parameter carries out dynamic on-line monitoring, and detection accuracy is higher, and its structure and installation are simple, and cost is relatively low.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the device of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement of the embodiment of the present invention 1
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of testing agency 3 of the invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of main view signal of the device of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement of the embodiment of the present invention 2
Figure；
Fig. 4 is a kind of side view signal of the device of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement of the embodiment of the present invention 2
Figure；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of train wheel to be detected.
Label declaration in schematic diagram：
1, velocity sensor；2, it starts switch；3, testing agency；3-1, fixed plate；3-2, movable plate；3-3, current vortex position
Displacement sensor；3-4, tablet；4, laser displacement sensor I4；5, laser displacement sensor II；6, shutdown switch.
Specific embodiment
To further appreciate that the contents of the present invention, now in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the device of a kind of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement of the present embodiment, including edge
This train is bound for XXX is set in turn in velocity sensor 1 on the inside of track, starts switch 2, testing agency 3, laser displacement sensing
Device I4, laser displacement sensor II5 and shutdown switch 6, the wherein spy of laser displacement sensor I4 and laser displacement sensor II5
It surveys light beam and is each perpendicular to rim face in wheel, and the detection light beam of laser displacement sensor I4 and rail top face be there are slanted angle α,
There are slanted angle β with rail top face for the detection light beam of laser displacement sensor II5.Above-mentioned testing agency 3 includes can be with wheel
The movable plate 3-2 that rolling moves up and down and the detection unit for detecting movable plate 3-2 motion conditions, wherein movable plate 3-2
Installed with track side by side parallel on the inside of the track, plane is contacted with wheel rim thereon, and direction of motion when it is pressed down and
Perpendicular to the inclined included angle A in rail top face direction；The detection unit includes the tablet 3-4 being installed on movable plate 3-2
And the eddy current displacement sensor 3-3 being fixedly mounted above tablet 3-4, the installation of eddy current displacement sensor 3-3
Direction is parallel with the direction of motion of movable plate 3-2, is used to detect tablet 3-4 along the displacement of movable plate 3-2 moving direction.
Laser displacement sensor I4 is identical with the sample frequency of laser displacement sensor II5 in the present embodiment, and current vortex
The sample frequency K1 of displacement sensor 3-3 is greater than the sample frequency K2 of laser displacement sensor.As approaching train movable plate 3-2
When, under the pressure effect of train wheel, movable plate 3-2 pushes movement, and it pushes displacement and is gradually increased, and when train sails out of
When movable plate 3-2, the pushing of movable plate 3-2 displacement is then gradually reduced, upper with movable plate 3-2 during train passes through
Lower movement, the distance between tablet 3-4 that eddy current displacement sensor 3-3 is detected is also corresponding to change.
A kind of method of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement of the present embodiment when starting switch 2 and being triggered, swashs
Optical displacement sensor I4 and laser displacement sensor II5 and eddy current displacement sensor 3-3 start simultaneously at acquisition data, stop out
When pass 6 is triggered, data acquisition terminates, and is handled collected data to get train wheel geometric parameter.In conjunction with Fig. 1,
Fig. 2 and Fig. 5, the process of data processing is in the present embodiment：
Step 1 intercepts the maximum value a1 of ascent stage in eddy current displacement sensor 3-3 institute measured data to the maximum of descending branch
Data in the section value an, composition data group [a1, a2 ... ..., an], and determine position of two data of a1 and an in total data
Set A1 and An；
Step 2, the laser displacement for finding the moment corresponding with eddy current displacement sensor 3-3 institute measured data group a1 and an pass
Item the number B1 and Bm of sensor institute measuring wheel profile, if calculated result is not integer, B1 and Bm take the minimum not less than calculated result
Integer, calculation method are：
Step 3, find in laser displacement sensor I4 institute measuring wheel profile each wheel rim vertex on B1 to Bm contour line away from
From value, form set of coordinates [b1, b2 ... ..., bm]；
Each data in data group [a1, a2 ... ..., an] are pressed on movable plate 3-2 by step 4 with wheel rim
Position is corresponding, acquires distance ci of the wheel apart from laser displacement sensor I (4), and constitute data group [c1, c2 ..., ci ...
] ..cn calculation formula is：
Wherein, the sensing head edge that L1 is laser displacement sensor I4 is parallel to rail top face direction to the front end movable plate 3-2
The distance of (i.e. train wheel drive into end)；
Step 5 is found out in laser displacement sensor institute measuring wheel profile and is surveyed with current vortex corresponding to B1 to Bm contour line
It measures data position C1 to Cm and takes the maximum integer of little calculated result if C1 and Cm are not integers, calculation formula is：
Step 6 finds eddy current displacement sensor (3- corresponding to C1 to Cm in data group [a1, a2 ... ..., an]
3) measured value, constitute data group [d1, d2 ... ..., dm], found in data group [c1, c2 ... ..., cn] data group [d1,
D2 ... ..., dm] corresponding to distance of the wheel apart from (4) laser displacement sensor I, constitute data group [e1, e2 ... ...,
em]；
Step 7 calculates wheel rim diameter, and calculation formula is：
Wherein, α is the detection light beam of laser displacement sensor I4 and the angle that is parallel between rail top face, and h1 is laser
The sensing head of displacement sensor I4 is along the distance perpendicular to plane on rail top face direction to movable plate 3-2；
Step 8 calculates in laser displacement sensor I4 institute measuring wheel profile by wheel normal or closest to wheel normal
Item number E where contour line, calculation formula are：
In formula：R is wheel rim vertex radius of circle, unit mm；V is train running speed, unit mm/ms's, K1 and K2
Unit is kHz；
Step 9, calculating laser displacement sensor I4 survey diameter value corresponding to each point distance value on the E articles contour line
Dk, calculation method are：
Dk=D-2 (Zk- Z) (k=1,2,3 ...)
In formula：ZkThe distance value of each point on the E articles contour line, unit mm are surveyed by laser displacement sensor I4；Z is laser
Displacement sensor I4 surveys the distance value on wheel rim vertex on the E articles profile, unit mm；
Step 10 calculates in laser displacement sensor II5 institute measuring wheel profile by wheel normal or closest to wheel normal
Contour line where item number F, calculation formula is：
In formula：R is wheel rim vertex radius of circle, unit mm；V is train running speed, and unit mm/ms, L3 are laser
The sensing head of displacement sensor II5 is along the distance for being parallel to rail top face direction to the front end movable plate 3-2, unit：mm；β is sharp
The detection light beam of Optical displacement sensor II5 and the angle for being parallel to rail top face；H2 is the sensing head of laser displacement sensor II5
Along the distance perpendicular to plane on rail top face direction to movable plate 3-2, unit：mm；
Step 11, calculation laser displacement sensor II5 survey diameter value Dp corresponding to each point distance value on the F articles profile,
Calculation method is：
Dp=D-2 (Zp- Z) (p=1,2,3 ...)
In formula：D is wheel rim vertex circular diameter, unit mm；Z is surveyed on the F articles profile by laser displacement sensor II5
The distance value of wheel rim apex, unit mm；Zp by laser displacement sensor II5 survey on the F articles profile at other each points away from
From value, unit mm；
Step 12, interception laser displacement sensor I4 survey on the E articles contour line in wheel rim face between wheel rim vertex
Diameter constitute set of coordinates { (X and in conjunction with itself X axis coordinate of laser displacement sensor I4d, Dd)}；Laser displacement is intercepted to pass
Sensor II 5 surveys the diameter on the F articles contour line outside wheel rim vertex to wheel between rim face, and with laser displacement sensor II
5 itself X axis coordinate combine, constitute set of coordinates { (Xe, De)}；The progress characterized by wheel rim vertex by the set of coordinates of interception again
Splicing removes a duplicate wheel rim apex coordinate when splicing, and X-coordinate is integrated, using rim face in wheel as abscissa
Zero point rim face to outside wheel is X-axis, obtains diameter the set of coordinates { (X of rim face to the outer rim face different location out of wheelf, Df)}；
Step 13, in set of coordinates { (Xf, Df) in find Xf=d or from diameter corresponding to the immediate abscissa of d, i.e.,
Obtain wheel tread diameter DT, wherein d is that wheel diameter measures the distance between rim face in basic point and wheel, and wheel rim is a height of
Step 14, in set of coordinates { (Xf, Df) in find and wheel rim thickness measurement basic point corresponding to abscissa on the outside of wheel rim
Xh, abscissa corresponding to rim face is denoted as X in wheel1, then wheel rim thickness is Sd=Xh-X1；In set of coordinates { (Xf, Df) in find with
Wheel rim integrated value measures the abscissa X on the outside of wheel rim corresponding to basic pointq, then wheel rim integrated value is Qr=Xh-Xq。
The present embodiment deficiency low for low efficiency existing for existing train wheel geometric parameter measurement, measurement accuracy, only
Train wheel geometry can be thus achieved by the laying of testing agency 3, laser displacement sensor I4 and laser displacement sensor II5
The on-line dynamic measurement of parameter substantially increases its measurement efficiency, and its measurement accuracy is higher, to advantageously ensure that train
Driving safety.Different moments are living when wherein being passed through by the eddy current displacement sensor 3-3 detection acquisition train in testing agency 3
The pushing misalignment of movable plate 3-2, and the detection data of laser displacement sensor is combined, so as to which train wheel is effectively ensured
The accuracy of wheel rim apex diameter, and then advantageously ensure that the accuracy of subsequent wheel geometric parameter measurement, calculating.
Embodiment 2
A kind of device of the train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement of the present embodiment, in conjunction with substantially with embodiment 1,
Its difference essentially consists in：In conjunction with Fig. 3, Fig. 4, laser displacement sensor II5 is installed on the outside of track in the present embodiment, detects light
Beam and the angle for being parallel to rail top face are that the angle in β, with wheel between rim face is γ.
A kind of method of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement of the present embodiment when starting switch 2 and being triggered, swashs
Optical displacement sensor I4 and laser displacement sensor II5 and eddy current displacement sensor 3-3 start simultaneously at acquisition data, stop out
When pass 6 is triggered, data acquisition terminates, and is handled collected data to get train wheel geometric parameter.In conjunction with Fig. 3-
Fig. 5, the process of data processing is in the present embodiment：
Step 1 intercepts the maximum value a1 of ascent stage in eddy current displacement sensor 3-3 institute measured data to the maximum of descending branch
Data in the section value an, composition data group [a1, a2 ... ..., an], and determine position of two data of a1 and an in total data
Set A1 and An；
Step 2, the laser displacement for finding the moment corresponding with eddy current displacement sensor 3-3 institute measured data group a1 and an pass
Item the number B1 and Bm of sensor institute measuring wheel profile, if calculated result is not integer, B1 and Bm take the minimum not less than calculated result
Integer, calculation method are：
Step 3, find in laser displacement sensor I4 institute measuring wheel profile each wheel rim vertex on B1 to Bm contour line away from
From value, form set of coordinates [b1, b2 ... ..., bm]；
Each data in data group [a1, a2 ... ..., an] are pressed on movable plate 3-2 by step 4 with wheel rim
Position is corresponding, acquires distance ci of the wheel apart from laser displacement sensor I (4), and constitute data group [c1, c2 ..., ci ...
..cn], calculation formula is：
Wherein, the sensing head edge that L1 is laser displacement sensor I4 is parallel to rail top face direction to the front end movable plate 3-2
Distance；
Step 5 is found out in laser displacement sensor institute measuring wheel profile and is surveyed with current vortex corresponding to B1 to Bm contour line
It measures data position C1 to Cm and takes the maximum integer of little calculated result if C1 and Cm are not integers, calculation formula is：
Step 6 finds eddy current displacement sensor (3- corresponding to C1 to Cm in data group [a1, a2 ... ..., an]
3) measured value, constitute data group [d1, d2 ... ..., dm], found in data group [c1, c2 ... ..., cn] data group [d1,
D2 ... ..., dm] corresponding to distance of the wheel apart from (4) laser displacement sensor I, constitute data group [e1, e2 ... ...,
em]；
Step 7 calculates wheel rim diameter, and calculation formula is：
Wherein, α is the detection light beam of laser displacement sensor I4 and the angle that is parallel between rail top face, and h1 is laser
The sensing head of displacement sensor I4 is along the distance perpendicular to plane on rail top face direction to movable plate 3-2；
Step 8 calculates in laser displacement sensor I4 institute measuring wheel profile by wheel normal or closest to wheel normal
Item number E where contour line, calculation formula are：
In formula：R is wheel rim vertex radius of circle, unit mm；V is train running speed, unit mm/ms's, K1 and K2
Unit is kHz；
Step 9, calculating laser displacement sensor I4 survey diameter value corresponding to each point distance value on the E articles contour line
Dk, calculation method are：
Dk=D-2 (Zk- Z) (k=1,2,3 ...)
In formula：ZkThe distance value of each point on the E articles contour line, unit mm are surveyed by laser displacement sensor I4；Z is laser
Displacement sensor I4 surveys the distance value on wheel rim vertex on the E articles profile, unit mm；
Step 10 calculates in laser displacement sensor II5 institute measuring wheel profile by wheel normal or closest to wheel normal
Contour line where item number F, calculation formula is：
In formula：R is wheel rim vertex radius of circle, unit mm；V is train running speed, and unit mm/ms, L3 are laser
The sensing head of displacement sensor II5 is along the distance for being parallel to rail top face direction to the end movable plate 3-2, unit：mm；β is sharp
The detection light beam of Optical displacement sensor II5 and the angle for being parallel to rail top face；H2 is the sensing head of laser displacement sensor II5
Along the distance perpendicular to plane on rail top face direction to movable plate 3-2, unit：mm；
Step 11 rotates the F articles contour line of the laser displacement sensor II5 found, obtains pivoting rear wheel exterior feature
Coordinate (the X of each point on linei, Yi), rotation formula is
Xi=xi cosγ-yi sinγ
Yi=xi sinγ+yi cosγ
In formula：xiThe abscissa of each point on the F articles contour line, unit mm are surveyed by laser displacement sensor II 5；yiIt is sharp
Optical displacement sensor II 5 surveys the ordinate of each point on the F articles contour line, unit mm；XiTo rotate through each point on rear-wheel profile
Abscissa, unit mm；YiFor the ordinate for rotating through each point on rear-wheel profile, unit mm；γ is laser displacement sensor II
Angle in 5 detection light beam and wheel between rim face；
Step 12, calculating laser displacement sensor II 5 are surveyed after the F articles contour line rotates corresponding to each point distance value
Diameter value is in Dp, calculation method：
Dp=D-2 (Zp- Z) (p=1,2,3 ...)
In formula：Z is surveyed the distance value of the F articles contour line pivoting rear wheel edge apex by laser displacement sensor II 5, single
Position mm；Zp is surveyed the distance value after the F articles contour line rotates at other each points, unit mm by laser displacement sensor II 5；
Step 13, interception laser displacement sensor I 4 survey on the E articles contour line in wheel rim face between wheel rim vertex
Diameter constitute set of coordinates { (X and in conjunction with itself X axis coordinate of laser displacement sensor I 4d, Dd)}；Laser displacement is intercepted to pass
Sensor II 5 is surveyed on the F articles contour line through the diameter between rim face outside pivoting rear wheel edge vertex to wheel, and and laser displacement
The X axis coordinate of sensor II 5 itself combines, and constitutes set of coordinates { (Xe, De)}；It is again spy with wheel rim vertex by the set of coordinates of interception
Sign point is spliced, and a duplicate wheel rim apex coordinate is removed when splicing, and X-coordinate is integrated, with rim face in wheel
For abscissa zero point, rim face is X-axis to outside wheel, obtains the diameter set of coordinates of rim face to the outer rim face different location out of wheel
{(Xf, Df)}；
Step 14, in set of coordinates { (Xf, Df) in find Xf=d or from diameter corresponding to the immediate abscissa of d, i.e.,
Obtain wheel tread diameter DT, wherein d is that wheel diameter measures the distance between rim face in basic point and wheel, and wheel rim is a height of
Step 15, in set of coordinates { (Xf, Df) in find and wheel rim thickness measurement basic point corresponding to abscissa on the outside of wheel rim
Xh, abscissa corresponding to rim face is denoted as X in wheel1, then wheel rim thickness is Sd=Xh-X1；In set of coordinates { (Xf, Df) in find with
Wheel rim integrated value measures the abscissa X on the outside of wheel rim corresponding to basic pointq, then wheel rim integrated value is Qr=Xh-Xq。
Embodiment 3
A kind of device of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement of the present embodiment, structure is substantially the same as embodiment 1
Or embodiment 2, difference essentially consist in：Eddy current displacement sensor 3-3 is fixedly installed on fixed plate 3-1 in the present embodiment,
And be fixedly linked between movable plate 3-2 and fixed plate 3-1 by elastic element and guide rail, the installation side of elastic element and guide rail
It is parallel to the direction of motion with movable plate.Specifically, be respectively equipped on the fixed plate and movable plate mutual cooperation and with work
The movable plate 3-2 direction of motion parallel guide rail and sliding block, during train passes through, train wheel presses to movable plate 3-2, activity
Plate 3-2 is moved down along guide rail, to drive tablet 3-4 to move down, during train gradually sails out of, due to movable plate 3-2
Pressure reduces, therefore movable plate 3-2 is moved up along guide rail and replied under the elastic reaction of elastic element, and herein
In the process, the position of fixed plate 3-1 and eddy current displacement sensor 3-3 remain stationary.
Embodiment 4
A kind of device of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement of the present embodiment, structure is substantially the same as embodiment 1
Or 2, difference essentially consists in：Elastic element in the present embodiment uses spring, and the both ends of spring are separately fixed at movable plate 3-2
On fixed plate 3-1, and it tilts down setting, the movement side of inclined direction and movable plate by movable plate 3-2 to fixed plate 3-1
To parallel.
Embodiment 5
With embodiment 1 or 2, difference essentially consists in measuring device structure and measurement method in the present embodiment：This implementation
Wheel diameter measurement basic point takes 70mm with the distance between rim face in wheel d in example.
Embodiment 6
With embodiment 1 or 2, difference essentially consists in measuring device structure and measurement method in the present embodiment：This implementation
The corresponding diameter D of wheel rim thickness measurement basic point in exampleh=DT+20。
Embodiment 7
With embodiment 1 or 2, difference essentially consists in measuring device structure and measurement method in the present embodiment：This implementation
The corresponding diameter D of wheel rim thickness measurement basic point in exampleh=DT+24。
Embodiment 8
With embodiment 1 or 2, difference essentially consists in measuring device structure and measurement method in the present embodiment：This implementation
The corresponding wheel rim outside diameter D of wheel rim integrated value measurement basic point in exampleq=D-4.
Schematically the present invention and embodiments thereof are described above, description is not limiting, institute in attached drawing
What is shown is also one of embodiments of the present invention, and actual structure is not limited to this.So if the common skill of this field
Art personnel are enlightened by it, without departing from the spirit of the invention, are not inventively designed and the technical solution
Similar frame mode and embodiment, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of device of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement, it is characterised in that：Including along This train is bound for XXX according to
The secondary velocity sensor (1) being set on the inside of track, start switch (2), testing agency (3), laser displacement sensor I (4) and
Shutdown switch (6) further includes the laser displacement sensor II (5) being set on the inside or outside of track, the testing agency (3)
Including can be with the movable plate (3-2) that wheel rolling moves up and down and the detection unit for detecting movable plate (3-2) motion conditions.
2. a kind of device of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
The detection beam orthogonal of laser displacement sensor I (4) is stated in rim face in wheel, and there are slanted angle α with rail top face.
3. a kind of device of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Institute
Laser displacement sensor II (5) is stated to be installed on the inside of track, and be located at laser displacement sensor I (4) and shutdown switch (6) it
Between, and there are slanted angle β in rim face in wheel, and with rail top face for its detection beam orthogonal.
4. a kind of device of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Institute
It states laser displacement sensor II (5) to be installed on the outside of track, there are slanted angle β with rail top face for detection light beam, with wheel
There are slanted angle γ between interior rim face.
5. a kind of device of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement described in any one of -4 according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：The upper plane of the movable plate (3-2) is contacted with wheel rim, and direction of motion when it is pressed down with perpendicular to
The inclined included angle A in rail top face direction.
6. a kind of device of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Institute
The detection unit stated includes the tablet (3-4) being installed on movable plate (3-2) and the fixed peace above tablet (3-4)
The eddy current displacement sensor (3-3) of dress, the movement of the installation direction and movable plate (3-2) of eddy current displacement sensor (3-3)
Direction is parallel, and the eddy current displacement sensor (3-3) is for detecting tablet (3-4) along the position of movable plate (3-2) moving direction
It moves.
7. a kind of device of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Institute
The eddy current displacement sensor (3-3) stated is installed on fixed plate (3-1), and is led between movable plate (3-2) and fixed plate (3-1)
It crosses elastic element and guide rail is fixedly linked.
8. a kind of device of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement described in any one of -4 according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：The laser displacement sensor I (4) is identical with the sample frequency of laser displacement sensor II (5), and current vortex position
The sample frequency K1 of displacement sensor (3-3) is greater than the sample frequency K2 of laser displacement sensor.
9. a kind of method of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement, when starting switch (2) and being triggered, laser displacement sensing
Device I (4) and laser displacement sensor II (5) and eddy current displacement sensor (3-3) start simultaneously at acquisition data, shutdown switch
(6) when being triggered, data acquisition terminates, and is handled collected data to get train wheel geometric parameter, when laser position
When displacement sensor II (5) is installed on the inside of track, the process of data processing is：
Step 1 intercepts the maximum value a1 of ascent stage in eddy current displacement sensor (3-3) institute measured data to the maximum value of descending branch
Data in the section an, composition data group [a1, a2 ... ..., an], and determine position of two data of a1 and an in total data
A1 and An；
Step 2, the laser displacement sensing for finding the moment corresponding with eddy current displacement sensor (3-3) institute measured data group a1 and an
Item the number B1 and Bm of device institute measuring wheel profile, if calculated result is not integer, B1 and Bm take whole not less than the minimum of calculated result
Number, calculation method are：
Step 3, the distance for finding each wheel rim vertex on B1 to Bm contour line in laser displacement sensor I (4) institute measuring wheel profile
Value forms set of coordinates [b1, b2 ... ..., bm]；
Each data in data group [a1, a2 ... ..., an] are pressed in the position on movable plate (3-2) with wheel rim by step 4
Correspondence is set, acquires distance ci of the wheel apart from laser displacement sensor I (4), and constitute data group [c1, c2 ..., ci ...
] ..cn calculation formula is：
Wherein, L1 is that the sensing head edge of laser displacement sensor I (4) is parallel to rail top face direction to the front end movable plate (3-2)
Distance；
Step 5, find out in laser displacement sensor institute measuring wheel profile with electric eddy current measurement number corresponding to B1 to Bm contour line
According to position C1 to Cm, if C1 and Cm are not integers, the maximum integer of little calculated result is taken, calculation formula is：
Step 6 finds eddy current displacement sensor corresponding to C1 to Cm (3-3) in data group [a1, a2 ... ..., an]
Measured value, constitute data group [d1, d2 ... ..., dm], found in data group [c1, c2 ... ..., cn] data group [d1,
D2 ... ..., dm] corresponding to distance of the wheel apart from (4) laser displacement sensor I, constitute data group [e1, e2 ... ...,
em]；
Step 7 calculates wheel rim diameter, and calculation formula is：
Wherein, α is the detection light beam of laser displacement sensor I (4) and the angle that is parallel between rail top face, and h1 is laser position
The sensing head of displacement sensor I (4) is along the distance perpendicular to plane on rail top face direction to movable plate (3-2)；
Step 8 calculates and passes through wheel normal or the wheel closest to wheel normal in laser displacement sensor I (4) institute measuring wheel profile
Item number E where profile, calculation formula are：
In formula：R is wheel rim vertex radius of circle, unit mm；V is train running speed, the unit of unit mm/ms, K1 and K2
For kHz；
Diameter value Dk corresponding to each point distance value on the E articles contour line is surveyed in step 9, calculating laser displacement sensor I (4),
Calculation method is：
Dk=D-2 (Zk- Z) (k=1,2,3 ...)
In formula：ZkThe distance value of each point on the E articles contour line, unit mm are surveyed by laser displacement sensor I (4)；Z is laser position
Displacement sensor I (4) surveys the distance value on wheel rim vertex on the E articles profile, unit mm；
Step 10 calculates in laser displacement sensor II (5) institute measuring wheel profile by wheel normal or closest to wheel normal
Item number F where contour line, calculation formula are：
In formula：R is wheel rim vertex radius of circle, unit mm；V is train running speed, and unit mm/ms, L3 are laser displacement
The sensing head of sensor II (5) is along the distance for being parallel to rail top face direction to the front end movable plate (3-2), unit：mm；β is sharp
The detection light beam of Optical displacement sensor II (5) and the angle for being parallel to rail top face；H2 is the sense of laser displacement sensor II (5)
Gauge head is along the distance perpendicular to plane on rail top face direction to movable plate (3-2), unit：mm；
Diameter value Dp corresponding to each point distance value on the F articles profile is surveyed in step 11, calculation laser displacement sensor II (5), is counted
Calculation method is：
Dp=D-2 (Zp- Z) (p=1,2,3 ...)
In formula：D is wheel rim vertex circular diameter, unit mm；Z is surveyed on the F articles profile by laser displacement sensor II (5) and is taken turns
The distance value of edge apex, unit mm；Zp by laser displacement sensor II (5) survey on the F articles profile at other each points away from
From value, unit mm；
Step 12, interception laser displacement sensor I (4) survey on the E articles contour line in wheel rim face between wheel rim vertex
Diameter, and in conjunction with laser displacement sensor I (4) itself X axis coordinate, constitute set of coordinates { (Xd, Dd)}；Laser displacement is intercepted to pass
Sensor II (5) surveys the diameter on the F articles contour line outside wheel rim vertex to wheel between rim face, and with laser displacement sensor II
(5) X axis coordinate of itself combines, and constitutes set of coordinates { (Xe, De)}；The set of coordinates of interception is clicked through characterized by wheel rim vertex again
Row splicing, a duplicate wheel rim apex coordinate is removed when splicing, and X-coordinate is integrated, with rim face in wheel for horizontal seat
Marking zero point rim face to outside wheel is X-axis, obtains diameter the set of coordinates { (X of rim face to the outer rim face different location out of wheelf, Df)}；
Step 13, in set of coordinates { (Xf, Df) in find Xf=d or from diameter corresponding to the immediate abscissa of d to get vehicle
Wheel tread diameter DT, wherein d is that wheel diameter measures the distance between rim face in basic point and wheel, and wheel rim is a height of
Step 14, in set of coordinates { (Xf, Df) in find and wheel rim thickness measurement basic point corresponding to abscissa X on the outside of wheel rimh,
Abscissa corresponding to rim face is denoted as X in wheel1, then wheel rim thickness is Sd=Xh-X1；In set of coordinates { (Xf, Df) in find and take turns
Edge integrated value measures the abscissa X on the outside of wheel rim corresponding to basic pointq, then wheel rim integrated value is Qr=Xh-Xq。
10. a kind of method of train wheel geometric parameter on-line dynamic measurement, when starting switch (2) and being triggered, laser displacement is passed
Sensor I (4) and laser displacement sensor II (5) and eddy current displacement sensor (3-3) start simultaneously at acquisition data, shutdown switch
(6) when being triggered, data acquisition terminates, and is handled collected data to get train wheel geometric parameter, when laser position
When displacement sensor II (5) is installed on the outside of track, the process of data processing is：
Step 1 intercepts the maximum value a1 of ascent stage in eddy current displacement sensor (3-3) institute measured data to the maximum value of descending branch
Data in the section an, composition data group [a1, a2 ... ..., an], and determine position of two data of a1 and an in total data
A1 and An；
Step 2, the laser displacement sensing for finding the moment corresponding with eddy current displacement sensor (3-3) institute measured data group a1 and an
Item the number B1 and Bm of device institute measuring wheel profile, if calculated result is not integer, B1 and Bm take whole not less than the minimum of calculated result
Number, calculation method are：
Step 3, the distance for finding each wheel rim vertex on B1 to Bm contour line in laser displacement sensor I (4) institute measuring wheel profile
Value forms set of coordinates [b1, b2 ... ..., bm]；
Each data in data group [a1, a2 ... ..., an] are pressed in the position on movable plate (3-2) with wheel rim by step 4
Correspondence is set, acquires distance ci of the wheel apart from laser displacement sensor I (4), and constitute data group [c1, c2 ..., ci ...
..cn], calculation formula is：
Wherein, L1 is that the sensing head edge of laser displacement sensor I (4) is parallel to rail top face direction to the front end movable plate (3-2)
Distance；
Step 5, find out in laser displacement sensor institute measuring wheel profile with electric eddy current measurement number corresponding to B1 to Bm contour line
According to position C1 to Cm, if C1 and Cm are not integers, the maximum integer of little calculated result is taken, calculation formula is：
Step 6 finds eddy current displacement sensor corresponding to C1 to Cm (3-3) in data group [a1, a2 ... ..., an]
Measured value, constitute data group [d1, d2 ... ..., dm], found in data group [c1, c2 ... ..., cn] data group [d1,
D2 ... ..., dm] corresponding to distance of the wheel apart from (4) laser displacement sensor I, constitute data group [e1, e2 ... ...,
em]；
Step 7 calculates wheel rim diameter, and calculation formula is：
Wherein, α is the detection light beam of laser displacement sensor I (4) and the angle that is parallel between rail top face, and h1 is laser position
The sensing head of displacement sensor I (4) is along the distance perpendicular to plane on rail top face direction to movable plate (3-2), unit：mm；
Step 8 calculates and passes through wheel normal or the wheel closest to wheel normal in laser displacement sensor I (4) institute measuring wheel profile
Item number E where profile, calculation formula are：
In formula：R is wheel rim vertex radius of circle, unit mm；V is train running speed, the unit of unit mm/ms, K1 and K2
For kHz；
Diameter value Dk corresponding to each point distance value on the E articles contour line is surveyed in step 9, calculating laser displacement sensor I (4),
Calculation method is：
Dk=D-2 (Zk- Z) (k=1,2,3 ...)
In formula：ZkThe distance value of each point on the E articles contour line, unit mm are surveyed by laser displacement sensor I (4)；Z is laser position
Displacement sensor I (4) surveys the distance value on wheel rim vertex on the E articles profile, unit mm；
Step 10 calculates in laser displacement sensor II (5) institute measuring wheel profile by wheel normal or closest to wheel normal
Item number F where contour line, calculation formula are：
In formula：R is wheel rim vertex radius of circle, unit mm；V is train running speed, and unit mm/ms, L3 are laser displacement
The sensing head of sensor II (5) is along the distance for being parallel to rail top face direction to the end movable plate (3-2), unit：mm；β is sharp
The detection light beam of Optical displacement sensor II (5) and the angle for being parallel to rail top face；H2 is the sense of laser displacement sensor II (5)
Gauge head is along the distance perpendicular to plane on rail top face direction to movable plate (3-2), unit：mm；
Step 11 rotates the F articles contour line of the laser displacement sensor II (5) found, obtains pivoting rear wheel profile
Coordinate (the X of upper each pointi, Yi), rotation formula is
Xi=xicosγ-yisinγ
Yi=xisinγ+yicosγ
In formula：xiThe abscissa of each point on the F articles contour line, unit mm are surveyed by laser displacement sensor II (5)；yiFor laser
Displacement sensor II (5) surveys the ordinate of each point on the F articles contour line, unit mm；XiTo rotate through each point on rear-wheel profile
Abscissa, unit mm；YiFor the ordinate for rotating through each point on rear-wheel profile, unit mm；γ is laser displacement sensor II
(5) angle in detection light beam and wheel between rim face；
Step 12, calculating laser displacement sensor II (5) survey diameter corresponding to each point distance value after the F articles contour line rotates
In Dp, calculation method is value：
Dp=D-2 (Zp- Z) (p=1,2,3 ...)
In formula：Z is surveyed the distance value of the F articles contour line pivoting rear wheel edge apex, unit by laser displacement sensor II (5)
mm；Zp is surveyed the distance value after the F articles contour line rotates at other each points, unit mm by laser displacement sensor II (5)；
Step 13, interception laser displacement sensor I (4) survey on the E articles contour line in wheel rim face between wheel rim vertex
Diameter, and in conjunction with laser displacement sensor I (4) itself X axis coordinate, constitute set of coordinates { (Xd, Dd)}；Laser displacement is intercepted to pass
Sensor II (5) is surveyed on the F articles contour line through the diameter between rim face outside pivoting rear wheel edge vertex to wheel, and and laser displacement
The X axis coordinate of sensor II (5) itself combines, and constitutes set of coordinates { (Xe, De)}；It is with wheel rim vertex by the set of coordinates of interception again
Characteristic point is spliced, and a duplicate wheel rim apex coordinate is removed when splicing, and X-coordinate is integrated, with rim in wheel
Face is that abscissa zero point rim face to outside wheel is X-axis, obtains the diameter set of coordinates of rim face to the outer rim face different location out of wheel
{(Xf, Df)}；
Step 14, in set of coordinates { (Xf, Df) in find Xf=d or from diameter corresponding to the immediate abscissa of d to get vehicle
Wheel tread diameter DT, wherein d is that wheel diameter measures the distance between rim face in basic point and wheel, and wheel rim is a height of
Step 15, in set of coordinates { (Xf, Df) in find and wheel rim thickness measurement basic point corresponding to abscissa X on the outside of wheel rimh,
Abscissa corresponding to rim face is denoted as X in wheel1, then wheel rim thickness is Sd=Xh-X1；In set of coordinates { (Xf, Df) in find and take turns
Edge integrated value measures the abscissa X on the outside of wheel rim corresponding to basic pointq, then wheel rim integrated value is Qr=Xh-Xq。
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109373959A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-02-22 | 马鞍山市雷狮轨道交通装备有限公司 | A kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system and detection method |
| CN109443289A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-08 | 马鞍山市雷狮轨道交通装备有限公司 | A kind of device and method for railway train wheel tread defects detection |
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| CN109373959A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-02-22 | 马鞍山市雷狮轨道交通装备有限公司 | A kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system and detection method |
| CN109443289A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-08 | 马鞍山市雷狮轨道交通装备有限公司 | A kind of device and method for railway train wheel tread defects detection |
| CN109443289B (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2024-04-05 | 马鞍山市雷狮轨道交通装备有限公司 | Device and method for detecting tread defects of train wheels |
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| CN108839673B (en) | 2020-12-29 |
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