CN108832673B - Direct current charging system, PDU (Power distribution Unit) and starting charging detection method of charging path - Google Patents

Direct current charging system, PDU (Power distribution Unit) and starting charging detection method of charging path Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108832673B
CN108832673B CN201810575735.5A CN201810575735A CN108832673B CN 108832673 B CN108832673 B CN 108832673B CN 201810575735 A CN201810575735 A CN 201810575735A CN 108832673 B CN108832673 B CN 108832673B
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relay
charging
optical coupler
controlling
input end
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CN108832673A (en
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朱红磊
贾奇杰
王辉
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Xi'an Telai Intelligent Charging Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Xian Tgood Intelligent Charging Technology Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0036—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using connection detecting circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a direct current charging system, a PDU (Power distribution Unit) and a charging path starting charging detection method.A power distribution unit comprises a first relay, a control module and a first optical coupler detection circuit, wherein the first relay is arranged in each charging path and is used for controlling the on-off of a corresponding power module; moreover, the input end of the first optocoupler detection circuit is connected in parallel with the output end of the corresponding power module through a first relay; and the control module is used for controlling the first relay to be switched off or switched on after the corresponding power module is switched on when the charging circuit is subjected to starting charging detection, and determining the health state of the first relay according to the on-off state of the first optocoupler. By implementing the technical scheme of the invention, the detection precision of the health state of the relay can be improved, the detection time can be shortened, the effective charging time of a user can be improved, and the charging experience of the user can be improved.

Description

Direct current charging system, PDU (Power distribution Unit) and starting charging detection method of charging path
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric automobiles, in particular to a direct current charging system, a PDU (protocol data unit) and a starting charging detection method of a charging path.
Background
Along with current electric automobile's rapid development, fill the emergence that electric pile also is like spring bamboo shoot after the rain, in order to satisfy a plurality of vehicles and accomplish simultaneously and high-efficiently charging, derive crowd charging system. In a charging system, a Power Distribution Unit (PDU) schedules power modules through control of one or more charging paths. The charging path is composed of some electronic devices such as relays and the like, and the components are easily damaged, such as adhesion or drive failure, so that the health condition of the relay in the charging path needs to be detected, and the safety problem is avoided.
At present, when detecting a relay in a charging path, the method adopted is as follows: and connecting IGBT tubes with higher current endurance grade in parallel on the relay, then performing AD conversion processing on a plurality of sampled voltage signals by controlling the on-off of the corresponding relay and the IGBT tubes, and judging whether the relay is reliable or not according to the relation among the processed voltage signals. However, this detection method has the following drawbacks: 1. the AD conversion processing of the sampling voltage is required, and the state detection precision of the relay is influenced by the ADC conversion precision; and 2, ADC conversion needs a long time and cannot meet the current practical requirement of quick charging.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems of low detection precision and long detection time in the prior art, the invention provides a direct current charging system, a PDU (protocol data unit) and a charging path starting charging detection method, which can improve the detection precision and shorten the detection time.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the power distribution unit comprises first relays, control modules and first optical coupler detection circuits, wherein the first relays are arranged in each charging path and are used for controlling on-off of corresponding power modules; and also
The input end of the first optocoupler detection circuit is connected with the output end of the corresponding power module in parallel through the first relay;
the control module is connected with the output end of the first optocoupler and used for controlling the first relay to be disconnected or closed after the corresponding power module is started when a charging path is started for charging detection, and the health state of the first relay is determined according to the on-off state of the first optocoupler.
The invention also constructs a power distribution unit, which comprises a second relay and a third relay which are arranged in each charging path and are respectively used for controlling the on-off of two power input ends of the corresponding charging gun, the power distribution unit also comprises a control module and a second optical coupler detection circuit corresponding to each charging path, and the second optical coupler detection circuit comprises a second optical coupler and a second current limiting device connected to the input end of the second optical coupler; furthermore, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display device,
the input end of the second optocoupler detection circuit is connected with the power input end of the corresponding charging gun in parallel;
the control module is connected with the output end of the second optocoupler and used for controlling the second relay and the third relay to be switched off or switched on after the corresponding power module is switched on when the charging circuit is started for charging detection, and determining the health states of the second relay and the third relay according to the on-off state of the second optocoupler.
The invention also constructs a power distribution unit, which comprises a first relay arranged in each charging path and used for controlling the on-off of a corresponding power module, a second relay and a third relay which are arranged in each charging path and respectively used for controlling the on-off of two power input ends of a corresponding charging gun, a control module, a first optical coupler detection circuit and a second optical coupler detection circuit corresponding to each charging path, wherein the first optical coupler detection circuit comprises a first optical coupler and a first current limiting device connected with the input end of the first optical coupler, the second optical coupler detection circuit comprises a second optical coupler and a second current limiting device connected with the input end of the second optical coupler, and the power distribution unit further comprises a control module, a first optical coupler detection circuit and a second optical coupler detection circuit,
the input end of the first optical coupling detection circuit is connected with the output end of the corresponding power module in parallel through the first relay, and the input end of the second optical coupling detection circuit is connected with the power input end of the corresponding charging gun in parallel;
the control module is connected with the output end of the first optocoupler and the output end of the second optocoupler, and is used for controlling the first relay, the second relay and the third relay to be disconnected or closed after the corresponding power module is started when a charging path is started for charging detection, and the health state of the first relay, the second relay and the third relay is determined according to the on-off state of the first optocoupler and the second optocoupler.
The invention also constructs a direct current charging system, comprising at least two power modules and at least one charging gun, and further comprising the power distribution unit of any one of the above.
The invention also constructs a starting charging detection method of the charging path, and when the adhesion detection is carried out on the first relay in the charging path for starting charging, the following steps are carried out:
s101, controlling a corresponding power module to be started;
s102, controlling a first relay to be switched off, wherein the first relay is arranged in a charging path and is used for controlling the on-off of a corresponding power module;
s103, detecting whether the first optocoupler is conducted or not, and if so, executing a step 104; if not, executing step S105, wherein the first optical coupler detection circuit comprises a first optical coupler and a first current limiting device connected to the input end of the first optical coupler, and the input end of the first optical coupler detection circuit is connected in parallel with the output end of the corresponding power module through the first relay;
s104, determining that the first relay is adhered;
and S105, determining that the first relay is not adhered.
The invention also constructs a starting charging detection method of the charging path, and when the first relay in the charging path for starting charging is subjected to drive failure detection, the following steps are carried out:
s201, controlling the corresponding power module to be started;
s202, controlling a first relay to be closed, wherein the first relay is arranged in a charging path and is used for controlling the on-off of a corresponding power module;
step S203, detecting whether the first optocoupler is conducted, if so, executing step S204; if not, executing step S205, wherein the first optical coupler detection circuit includes a first optical coupler and a first current limiting device connected to an input end of the first optical coupler, and an input end of the first optical coupler detection circuit is connected in parallel with an output end of the corresponding power module through the first relay;
s204, determining that the first relay is not in driving failure;
and S205, determining that the first relay is in driving failure.
The invention also constructs a starting charging detection method of the charging path, and when the adhesion detection is carried out on the second relay and the third relay in the charging path for starting charging, the following steps are carried out:
s301, controlling the corresponding power module to be started;
s302, one of a second relay and a third relay is controlled to be switched off, and the other relay is controlled to be switched on, wherein the second relay and the third relay are arranged in a charging path and are respectively used for controlling the on-off of two power input ends of corresponding charging guns;
step S303, detecting whether the second optocoupler is conducted, if so, executing step S304; if not, executing a step S305, wherein a second optical coupler detection circuit comprises a second optical coupler and a second current limiting device connected to the input end of the second optical coupler, and the input end of the second optical coupler detection circuit is connected in parallel with the power input end of the corresponding charging gun;
s304, determining that one relay is adhered;
s305, controlling the other relay to be switched off and one relay to be switched on;
s306, detecting whether the second optocoupler is conducted, if so, executing a step S307; if not, go to step S308;
s307, determining that the other relay is adhered;
and S308, determining that neither the second relay nor the third relay is adhered.
The invention also constructs a starting charging detection method of the charging path, and when the second relay and the third relay in the charging path for starting charging are subjected to drive failure detection, the following steps are carried out:
s401, controlling the corresponding power module to be started;
s402, controlling a second relay to be closed and a third relay to be closed, wherein the second relay and the third relay are arranged in a charging path and are respectively used for controlling the on-off of two power input ends of a corresponding charging gun;
s403, detecting whether the second optocoupler is conducted, and if not, executing S404; if yes, executing step S405, wherein a second optical coupler detection circuit comprises a second optical coupler and a second current limiting device connected to the input end of the second optical coupler, and the input end of the second optical coupler detection circuit is connected in parallel with the power input end of the corresponding charging gun;
s404, determining that at least one of the second relay and the third relay is in drive failure;
and S405, determining that the second relay and the third relay are not in driving failure.
The invention also constructs a starting charging detection method of the charging path, and when the adhesion detection is carried out on the relay in the charging path for starting charging, the following steps are carried out:
s501, controlling the corresponding power module to be started;
s502, controlling a first relay to be switched off, wherein the first relay is arranged in a charging path and is used for controlling the on-off of a corresponding power module, and a second relay and a third relay are arranged in the charging path and are respectively used for controlling the on-off of two power input ends of a corresponding charging gun;
s503, detecting whether the first optocoupler is conducted, if so, executing S504; if not, executing step S505, where a first optocoupler detection circuit includes a first optocoupler and a first current limiting device connected to an input end of the first optocoupler, and an input end of the first optocoupler detection circuit is connected in parallel with an output end of the corresponding power module through the first relay;
s504, determining that the first relay is adhered, and then executing S511;
s505, controlling the first relay to be closed, and controlling one relay of the second relay and the third relay to be opened and the other relay to be closed;
s506, detecting whether the second optocoupler is conducted, if so, executing S507; if not, executing step S508, wherein the second optical coupler detection circuit comprises a second optical coupler and a second current limiting device connected to an input end of the second optical coupler, and an input end of the second optical coupler detection circuit is connected in parallel with a power input end of the corresponding charging gun;
step S507, determining that one relay is adhered, and then executing step S511;
s508, controlling the first relay to be closed, and controlling the other relay to be opened and one relay to be closed;
step S509, detecting whether the second optocoupler is conducted, if so, executing step S510; if not, go to step S512;
s510, determining that the other relay is adhered;
s511, determining that the self-checking of the charging path fails;
and S512, determining that the adhesion detection of the relay in the charging path is successful.
Preferably, in step S503, if not, adhesion detection is further performed on the second relay and the third relay in the bypass associated with the corresponding power module.
The invention also constructs a starting charging detection method of the charging path, and when the drive failure detection is carried out on the relay in the charging path for starting charging, the following steps are carried out:
s601, controlling the corresponding power module to be started;
s602, controlling a first relay to be closed, wherein the first relay is arranged in a charging path and is used for controlling the on-off of a corresponding power module, and a second relay and a third relay are arranged in the charging path and are respectively used for controlling the on-off of two power input ends of a corresponding charging gun;
step S603, whether the first optocoupler is conducted or not is detected, and if not, the step S604 is executed; if yes, executing step S605, where a first optocoupler detection circuit includes a first optocoupler and a first current limiting device connected to an input end of the first optocoupler, and an input end of the first optocoupler detection circuit is connected in parallel with an output end of the corresponding power module through the first relay;
step S604, determining that the first relay is in driving failure, and then executing step S608;
s605, controlling the first relay, the second relay and the third relay to be closed;
s606, detecting whether the second optocoupler is conducted, if not, executing S607; if yes, executing step S609, wherein a second optical coupler detection circuit comprises a second optical coupler and a second current limiting device connected to the input end of the second optical coupler, and the input end of the second optical coupler detection circuit is connected in parallel with the power input end of the corresponding charging gun;
s607, determining that at least one of the second relay and the third relay is in drive failure;
step S608 determines that the charging path self-test fails;
and S609, determining that the drive failure detection of the relay in the charging path is successful.
According to the technical scheme, the optical coupler detection circuit is arranged in each charging path, and the control module controls the corresponding relay in the charging path to be switched off or switched on after controlling the corresponding power module to be switched on, so that the health state of the corresponding relay can be determined according to the on-off state of the optical coupler. Compared with the mode of carrying out AD conversion processing on the sampling voltage in the prior art, the method can improve the detection precision of the health state of the relay, shorten the detection time, improve the effective charging time of a user and improve the charging experience of the user.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a logic structure diagram of a dc charging system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial logic structure diagram of a power distribution unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial logic structure diagram of a power distribution unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial logic structure diagram of a power distribution unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5A is a flowchart of a first embodiment of a method for detecting a start-up charge of a charging path according to the present invention;
FIG. 5B is a flowchart of a second method for detecting the start-up of a charging path according to the present invention;
FIG. 6A is a flowchart of a third embodiment of a method for detecting a start-up charge of a charging path according to the present invention;
FIG. 6B is a flowchart of a fourth embodiment of a method for detecting a start-up charge of a charging path according to the present invention;
FIG. 7A is a flowchart of a fifth embodiment of a method for detecting a start-up charge of a charging path according to the present invention;
fig. 7B is a flowchart of a method for detecting the start of charging of the charging path according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a logic structure diagram of a dc charging system according to a first embodiment of the present invention, where the dc charging system includes N power modules, M charging guns, and a power distribution unit 10, where N is a natural number greater than or equal to 2, and M is a natural number greater than or equal to 1. And the power module is used for converting the direct current into electric energy required by charging the electric automobile. The power distribution unit 10 includes a control module and M × N charging paths, and each charging path is provided with three relays, where a first relay is used to perform on-off control on a corresponding power module, and a second relay and a third relay are respectively used to perform on-off control on two power input ends of a corresponding charging gun. In addition, the control module acquires charging power required by the electric vehicle through communication with a Battery Management System (BMS) module of the electric vehicle, determines the number of power modules distributed to the electric vehicle by combining the charging capacity of the charging system and a preset charging strategy, performs self-checking on a corresponding charging path between the charging gun and the corresponding power module, and opens the charging path by closing a relay in the corresponding charging path when the self-checking is successful, so as to charge the electric vehicle.
Fig. 2 is a partial logic structure diagram of a power distribution unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention, where the power distribution unit in this embodiment includes 9(M is 3, and N is 3) charging paths, and in addition, includes a control module (not shown), three relays disposed in each charging path, a first optical coupler detection circuit and a second optical coupler detection circuit corresponding to each charging path, where the first optical coupler detection circuit includes a first optical coupler and a first current limiting device (not shown) connected to an input end of the first optical coupler, and the second optical coupler detection circuit includes a second optical coupler and a second current limiting device (not shown) connected to an input end of the second optical coupler. And the positive output end of the corresponding power module is connected with the positive power input end of the corresponding charging gun through a second relay, and the negative output end of the corresponding power module is connected with the negative power input end of the corresponding charging gun through a first relay and a third relay. The input end of the first optical coupling detection circuit is connected with the output end of the corresponding power module in parallel through the first relay, and the input end of the second optical coupling detection circuit is connected with the power input end of the corresponding charging gun in parallel. Taking a charging path that the power module DC1 is charged through the charging gun a as an example, with reference to fig. 3, the first relay K1 is used for on-off control of the power module DC1, the second relay K1A + and the third relay K1A-are respectively used for on-off control of two power input ends of the charging gun a, the first optical coupler is an optical coupler U1, and the second optical coupler is an optical coupler UA. In addition, an IGBT tube is connected in parallel to a first relay in each charging path, and the IGBT tube is characterized by being capable of bearing large current, but the large current is heated for a long time to cause damage, so that the IGBT tube and the relay are used in a matched mode to ensure the health state of the relay and the IGBT tube, and the channel needs to be switched on and off according to certain constraint requirements when the channel is switched on and off.
The structure of the charging path between the power module DC1 and the charging gun a is described below with reference to fig. 2, 3, and 4: the control module is preferably an MCU 101. Also, the first current limiting device includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, and the second current limiting device includes a third resistor R11 and a fourth resistor R12. Moreover, the positive input end of the first optical coupler U1 is connected with the positive output end of the power module DC1 and one end of the second relay K1A + through a first resistor R1, the other end of the second relay K1A + is connected with the positive power input end of the charging gun A, the negative input end of the first optical coupler U1 is connected with the second end of the first relay K1 and the first end of the third relay K1A-through a second resistor R2, the first end of the first relay K1 is connected with the negative output end of the power module DC1, and the second end of the third relay K1A-is connected with the negative power input end of the charging gun A. The positive input end of the second optical coupler UA is connected with the positive power input end of the charging gun A through a third resistor R11, and the negative input end of the second optical coupler UA is connected with the negative power input end of the charging gun A through a fourth resistor R12. It should be understood that the connection relationship of other charging paths may refer to the connection relationship of the charging path, and will not be described herein.
In addition, in this embodiment, the MCU101 is connected to the output terminal of the first optocoupler and the output terminal of the second optocoupler, and is configured to control the first relay, the second relay, and the third relay to be turned off or turned on after the corresponding power module is turned on when the charging path is detected by starting the charging, and determine the health status of the first relay, the second relay, and the third relay according to the on/off status of the first optocoupler and the second optocoupler, where the health status includes whether adhesion occurs or not, and whether a drive failure occurs or not.
Regarding the charging path, it should be further noted that, when a plurality of electric vehicles need to be charged simultaneously, in order to improve charging efficiency, at least one power module needs to be allocated to each electric vehicle, so when scheduling the power module for the electric vehicle, a power module may be allocated to the electric vehicle first, that is, the first charging path is opened. Before the first charging path is opened, since no voltage exists between the two power input ends of the charging gun, the detection of the health state of the relay in the charging path is called charging start detection. After each electric vehicle is allocated with one power module, if redundant power modules exist, other power modules can be continuously allocated to the electric vehicle, namely, an online charging path is opened. Before the charging path is opened, the voltage is existed between two power input ends of the charging gun, so the detection of the health state of the relay in the charging path is called online charging detection.
It should be noted that the above is only a specific example of the present invention, and of course, in other embodiments, various modifications may be made to the structure of the above embodiment, and these modifications include: (1) the first relay can also be connected to the positive output end of the power module, for example, the positive input end of the first optical coupler U1 is connected to the second end of the first relay K1 through a first resistor R1, the first end of the first relay K1 is connected to the positive output end of the power module DC1, and the negative input end of the first optical coupler U1 is connected to the negative output end of the power module DC1 through a second resistor R2. Or, a fourth relay is further arranged in each charging path, the fourth relay and the first relay are respectively connected to the positive output end and the negative output end of the power module, and the health state of the fourth relay is detected. (2) The first current limiting device may only include one resistor, and when only the first resistor is included, for example, the positive input terminal of the first optical coupler U1 is connected to the positive output terminal of the power module DC1 through the first resistor R1, and the negative input terminal of the first optical coupler U1 is connected to the second terminal of the first relay K1; when only the second resistor is included, for example, the positive input terminal of the first optical coupler U1 is connected to the positive output terminal of the power module DC1, and the negative input terminal of the first optical coupler U1 is connected to the second terminal of the first relay K1 through the second resistor R2. Similarly, the second current limiting device may also include only one resistor, and when only the third resistor is included, for example, the positive input end of the second optical coupler UA is connected to the positive power input end of the charging gun a through the third resistor R11, and the negative input end of the second optical coupler UA is connected to the negative power input end of the charging gun a; when only the fourth resistor is included, for example, the positive input end of the second optical coupler UA is connected to the positive power input end of the charging gun a, and the negative input end of the second optical coupler UA is connected to the negative power input end of the charging gun a through the fourth resistor R12. (3) The power distribution unit is not provided with a second optical coupling detection circuit corresponding to each charging path, and is only provided with a first optical coupling detection circuit corresponding to each charging path so as to be used for detecting the health state of the first relay; or, the power distribution unit is not provided with a first optical coupling detection circuit corresponding to each charging path, and is only provided with a second optical coupling detection circuit corresponding to each charging path, so as to be used for detecting the health states of the second relay and the third relay.
Fig. 5A is a flowchart of a first embodiment of a method for detecting start-up charging of a charging path according to the present invention, in this embodiment, with reference to fig. 2 to 4, when performing adhesion detection on a first relay in the charging path for start-up charging, the following steps are performed:
s101, controlling a corresponding power module to be started;
s102, controlling a first relay to be disconnected;
s103, detecting whether the first optocoupler is conducted or not, and if so, executing a step 104; if not, executing step S105;
s104, determining that the first relay is adhered;
and S105, determining that the first relay is not adhered.
The sticking detection principle of the first relay is explained below with reference to fig. 2 to 4: if a certain automobile is charged through the charging gun A, it is determined that the power module DC1 is firstly distributed to the electric automobile, that is, the input power module DC1 is started, insulation detection can be firstly performed, if the insulation detection is normal, the MCU101 can turn on the power module DC1, disconnect the first relay K1 and detect the on-off state of the first optical coupler U1, if the insulation detection is in the on state, it is determined that the first relay K1 is adhered, and otherwise, the adhesion is not generated.
Fig. 5B is a flowchart of a second embodiment of the method for detecting start-up charging of a charging path according to the present invention, in this embodiment, with reference to fig. 2 to 4, when detecting a drive failure of a first relay in the charging path for start-up charging, the following steps are performed:
s201, controlling the corresponding power module to be started;
s202, controlling a first relay to be closed;
step S203, detecting whether the first optocoupler is conducted, if so, executing step S204; if not, go to step S205;
s204, determining that the first relay is not in driving failure;
and S205, determining that the first relay is in driving failure.
The drive failure detection principle of the first relay is explained below with reference to fig. 2 to 4: if a certain automobile is charged through the charging gun a, it is determined that the power module DC1 is firstly allocated to the electric automobile, that is, the input power module DC1 is started, insulation detection may be firstly performed, if the insulation detection is normal, the MCU101 may turn on the power module DC1, close the first relay K1, and detect the on-off state of the first optocoupler U1, if the insulation detection is in the on state, it may be determined that the first relay K1 has not failed in driving, and otherwise, it may be determined that the driving fails.
Fig. 6A is a flowchart of a third embodiment of a method for detecting start-up charging of a charging path according to the present invention, in this embodiment, when adhesion detection is performed on a second relay and a third relay in the charging path for start-up charging, the following steps are performed:
s301, controlling the corresponding power module to be started;
s302, controlling one relay of the second relay and the third relay to be switched off, and controlling the other relay to be switched on;
step S303, detecting whether the second optocoupler is conducted, if so, executing step S304; if not, go to step S305;
s304, determining that one relay is adhered;
s305, controlling the other relay to be disconnected and one relay to be closed;
s306, detecting whether the second optocoupler is conducted, if so, executing a step S307; if not, go to step S308;
s307, determining that the other relay is adhered;
and S308, determining that neither the second relay nor the third relay is adhered.
The sticking detection principle of the second relay and the third relay is explained below with reference to fig. 2 to 4: if a certain automobile is charged through the charging gun a, it is determined that the power module DC1 is firstly allocated to the electric automobile, that is, the input power module DC1 is started, insulation detection may be firstly performed, if the insulation detection is normal, the MCU101 may open the power module DC1, disconnect the second relay K1A + and close the third relay K1A-, and detect the on-off state of the second optocoupler UA, if the on state is determined, it may be determined that the second relay K1A + is stuck, otherwise, the second relay K1A + is not stuck. And then, the third relay K1A is opened, the second relay K1A + is closed, the on-off state of the second optocoupler UA is detected, if the on-off state is the on state, the third relay K1A-is determined to be adhered, otherwise, the third relay K1A-is not adhered.
Fig. 6B is a flowchart of a fourth embodiment of the method for detecting start-up charging of a charging path according to the present invention, in this embodiment, with reference to fig. 2 to 4, when detecting a drive failure of a second relay and a third relay in the charging path for start-up charging, the following steps are performed:
s401, controlling the corresponding power module to be started;
s402, controlling a second relay to be closed and a third relay to be closed;
s403, detecting whether the second optocoupler is conducted, and if not, executing S404; if yes, go to step S405;
s404, determining that at least one of the second relay and the third relay is in drive failure;
and S405, determining that the second relay and the third relay are not in driving failure.
The drive failure detection principle of the second relay and the third relay is explained below with reference to fig. 2 to 4: if a certain automobile is charged through the charging gun A, it is determined that the power module DC1 is firstly distributed to the electric automobile, that is, the input power module DC1 is started, insulation detection can be firstly carried out, if the insulation detection is normal, the MCU101 can open the power module DC1, close the second relay K1A + and the third relay K1A-, and detect the on-off state of the second optocoupler UA, if the insulation detection is normal, it can be determined that the second relay K1A + and the third relay K1A-are not in driving failure, and otherwise, the second relay K1A + and/or the third relay K1A-are in driving failure.
Fig. 7A is a flowchart of a fifth embodiment of a method for detecting start-up charging of a charging path according to the present invention, in this embodiment, with reference to fig. 2 to 4, when performing adhesion detection on a relay in the charging path for start-up charging, the following steps are performed:
s501, controlling the corresponding power module to be started;
s502, controlling a first relay to be disconnected;
s503, detecting whether the first optocoupler is conducted, if so, executing S504; if not, executing step S505;
s504, determining that the first relay is adhered, and then executing S511;
s505, controlling the first relay to be closed, and controlling one relay of the second relay and the third relay to be opened and the other relay to be closed;
s506, detecting whether the second optocoupler is conducted, if so, executing S507; if not, go to step S508;
step S507, determining that one relay is adhered, and then executing step S511;
s508, controlling the first relay to be closed, and controlling the other relay to be disconnected and one relay to be closed;
step S509, detecting whether the second optocoupler is conducted, if so, executing step S510; if not, go to step S512;
s510, determining that the other relay is adhered;
s511, determining that the self-checking of the charging path fails;
and S512, determining that the adhesion detection of the relay in the charging path is successful.
The sticking detection principle of the first relay is explained below with reference to fig. 2 to 4: if a certain automobile is charged through a charging gun A, a power module DC1 is firstly distributed to the electric automobile, namely, a power module DC1 is started, insulation detection can be firstly carried out, if the insulation detection is normal, the MCU101 can start the power module DC1, adhesion detection is carried out on three relays K1, K1A + and K1A-, adhesion detection is carried out on a first relay K1 during the detection, adhesion detection is carried out on a second relay K1A + and a third relay K1A-when the first relay K1 is not adhered, and the adhesion detection of the relay in the charging path is determined to be successful only when all three relays are not adhered.
In a preferred embodiment, further, in step S503, if no, the relay in the bypass associated with the corresponding power module is also subjected to adhesion detection. In this embodiment, when the first relay is not stuck, in addition to the second relay and the third relay in the charging path, the second relay and the third relay in the bypass associated with the corresponding power module are further subjected to sticking detection. For example, when the power distribution unit obtains the required power by communicating with the BMS module of the electric vehicle, if it is determined that the power module DC1 is distributed to the electric vehicle, the input power module DC1 is activated. After the MCU101 starts the power module DC1, adhesion detection is firstly carried out on the first relay K1, if the first relay K1 is not adhered, adhesion detection is carried out on the second relay K1A + and the third relay K1A-in the charging path, adhesion detection is also carried out on the second relay K1B +, K1C +, the third relay K1B-and the third relay K1C-in a bypass, and therefore the electric shock accident caused by mistakenly touching the charging gun B, C can be prevented when the relays are adhered in the bypass.
Fig. 7B is a flowchart of a sixth embodiment of a method for detecting start-up charging of a charging path according to the present invention, in this embodiment, with reference to fig. 2 to 4, when detecting a drive failure of a relay in the charging path for start-up charging, the following steps are performed:
s601, controlling the corresponding power module to be started;
s602, controlling a first relay to be closed;
step S603, whether the first optocoupler is conducted or not is detected, and if not, the step S604 is executed; if yes, go to step S605;
step S604, determining that the first relay is in driving failure, and then executing step S608;
s605, controlling the first relay, the second relay and the third relay to be closed;
s606, detecting whether the second optocoupler is conducted, if not, executing S607; if yes, go to step S609;
s607, determining that at least one of the second relay and the third relay is in drive failure;
step S608 determines that the charging path self-check fails;
and S609, determining that the drive failure detection of the relay in the charging path is successful.
The drive failure detection principle of three relays in the charging path is explained below with reference to fig. 2 to 4: if a certain automobile is charged through a charging gun A, a power module DC1 is firstly distributed to the electric automobile, namely, a power module DC1 is started, insulation detection can be firstly carried out, if the insulation detection is normal, the MCU101 can start the power module DC1, and drive failure detection is carried out on three relays K1, K1A + and K1A-, during the detection, drive failure detection is carried out on a first relay K1 firstly, when the first relay K1 is not subjected to drive failure, drive failure detection is carried out on a second relay K1A + and a third relay K1A-, and the drive failure detection of the relay in the charging path is determined to be successful only when none of the three relays is subjected to drive failure.
Finally, it should be noted that, in the self-checking process, if the condition that the relay is adhered or the drive fails in the charging path is detected, the power distribution unit can generate an alarm signal, and a maintenance worker can peel off the power module on the corresponding charging path, so that the power module is not put into use any more before the problem of the charging path is repaired, and the normal use of other power modules is not influenced.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A direct current charging system comprises at least two power modules, at least one charging gun and a power distribution unit, wherein the power distribution unit comprises a first relay arranged in each charging path and used for controlling the on-off of the corresponding power module, and a second relay and a third relay arranged in each charging path and used for controlling the on-off of two power input ends of the corresponding charging gun respectively, the direct current charging system is characterized in that the power distribution unit also comprises a control module, a first optical coupler detection circuit and a second optical coupler detection circuit corresponding to each charging path, the first optical coupler detection circuit comprises a first optical coupler and a first current limiting device connected to the input end of the first optical coupler, the second optical coupler detection circuit comprises a second optical coupler and a second current limiting device connected to the input end of the second optical coupler, and the power distribution unit comprises a first relay, a second relay and a third relay which are arranged in each charging path and used for controlling the on-off of two power input ends of the corresponding charging gun,
the input end of the first optical coupling detection circuit is connected with the output end of the corresponding power module in parallel through the first relay, and the input end of the second optical coupling detection circuit is connected with the power input end of the corresponding charging gun in parallel;
the control module is connected with the output end of the first optical coupler and the output end of the second optical coupler, and moreover,
the control module is used for carrying out the following steps when the adhesion detection is carried out on the relay in the charging path for starting charging:
s501, controlling the corresponding power module to be started;
s502, controlling a first relay to be switched off, wherein the first relay is arranged in a charging path and is used for controlling the on-off of a corresponding power module, and a second relay and a third relay are arranged in the charging path and are respectively used for controlling the on-off of two power input ends of a corresponding charging gun;
s503, detecting whether the first optocoupler is conducted, if so, executing S504; if not, executing step S505, where a first optocoupler detection circuit includes a first optocoupler and a first current limiting device connected to an input end of the first optocoupler, and an input end of the first optocoupler detection circuit is connected in parallel with an output end of the corresponding power module through the first relay;
s504, determining that the first relay is adhered, and then executing S511;
s505, controlling the first relay to be closed, and controlling one relay of the second relay and the third relay to be opened and the other relay to be closed;
s506, detecting whether the second optocoupler is conducted, if so, executing S507; if not, executing step S508, wherein the second optical coupler detection circuit comprises a second optical coupler and a second current limiting device connected to an input end of the second optical coupler, and an input end of the second optical coupler detection circuit is connected in parallel with a power input end of the corresponding charging gun;
step S507, determining that one relay is adhered, and then executing step S511;
s508, controlling the first relay to be closed, and controlling the other relay to be opened and one relay to be closed;
step S509, detecting whether the second optocoupler is conducted, if so, executing step S510; if not, go to step S512;
s510, determining that the other relay is adhered;
s511, determining that the self-checking of the charging path fails;
and S512, determining that the adhesion detection of the relay in the charging path is successful.
2.A direct current charging system comprises at least two power modules, at least one charging gun and a power distribution unit, wherein the power distribution unit comprises a first relay arranged in each charging path and used for controlling the on-off of the corresponding power module, and a second relay and a third relay arranged in each charging path and used for controlling the on-off of two power input ends of the corresponding charging gun respectively, the direct current charging system is characterized in that the power distribution unit also comprises a control module, a first optical coupler detection circuit and a second optical coupler detection circuit corresponding to each charging path, the first optical coupler detection circuit comprises a first optical coupler and a first current limiting device connected to the input end of the first optical coupler, the second optical coupler detection circuit comprises a second optical coupler and a second current limiting device connected to the input end of the second optical coupler, and the power distribution unit comprises a first relay, a second relay and a third relay which are arranged in each charging path and used for controlling the on-off of two power input ends of the corresponding charging gun,
the input end of the first optical coupling detection circuit is connected with the output end of the corresponding power module in parallel through the first relay, and the input end of the second optical coupling detection circuit is connected with the power input end of the corresponding charging gun in parallel;
the control module is connected with the output end of the first optical coupler and the output end of the second optical coupler, and moreover,
the control module is used for carrying out the following steps when detecting the drive failure of a relay in a charging path for starting charging:
s601, controlling the corresponding power module to be started;
s602, controlling a first relay to be closed, wherein the first relay is arranged in a charging path and is used for controlling the on-off of a corresponding power module, and a second relay and a third relay are arranged in the charging path and are respectively used for controlling the on-off of two power input ends of a corresponding charging gun;
step S603, whether the first optocoupler is conducted or not is detected, and if not, the step S604 is executed; if yes, executing step S605, where a first optocoupler detection circuit includes a first optocoupler and a first current limiting device connected to an input end of the first optocoupler, and an input end of the first optocoupler detection circuit is connected in parallel with an output end of the corresponding power module through the first relay;
step S604, determining that the first relay is in driving failure, and then executing step S608;
s605, controlling the first relay, the second relay and the third relay to be closed;
s606, detecting whether the second optocoupler is conducted, if not, executing S607; if yes, executing step S609, wherein a second optical coupler detection circuit comprises a second optical coupler and a second current limiting device connected to the input end of the second optical coupler, and the input end of the second optical coupler detection circuit is connected in parallel with the power input end of the corresponding charging gun;
s607, determining that at least one of the second relay and the third relay is in drive failure;
step S608 determines that the charging path self-test fails;
and S609, determining that the drive failure detection of the relay in the charging path is successful.
3. A starting charging detection method of a charging path is characterized in that when a relay in the charging path for starting charging is subjected to adhesion detection, the following steps are carried out:
s501, controlling the corresponding power module to be started;
s502, controlling a first relay to be switched off, wherein the first relay is arranged in a charging path and is used for controlling the on-off of a corresponding power module, and a second relay and a third relay are arranged in the charging path and are respectively used for controlling the on-off of two power input ends of a corresponding charging gun;
s503, detecting whether the first optocoupler is conducted, if so, executing S504; if not, executing step S505, where a first optocoupler detection circuit includes a first optocoupler and a first current limiting device connected to an input end of the first optocoupler, and an input end of the first optocoupler detection circuit is connected in parallel with an output end of the corresponding power module through the first relay;
s504, determining that the first relay is adhered, and then executing S511;
s505, controlling the first relay to be closed, and controlling one relay of the second relay and the third relay to be opened and the other relay to be closed;
s506, detecting whether the second optocoupler is conducted, if so, executing S507; if not, executing step S508, wherein the second optical coupler detection circuit comprises a second optical coupler and a second current limiting device connected to an input end of the second optical coupler, and an input end of the second optical coupler detection circuit is connected in parallel with a power input end of the corresponding charging gun;
step S507, determining that one relay is adhered, and then executing step S511;
s508, controlling the first relay to be closed, and controlling the other relay to be opened and one relay to be closed;
step S509, detecting whether the second optocoupler is conducted, if so, executing step S510; if not, go to step S512;
s510, determining that the other relay is adhered;
s511, determining that the self-checking of the charging path fails;
and S512, determining that the adhesion detection of the relay in the charging path is successful.
4. The method for detecting the starting charge of the charging path according to claim 3, wherein in step S503, if not, the second relay and the third relay in the bypass circuit related to the corresponding power module are also detected for sticking.
5. A starting charging detection method of a charging path is characterized in that when drive failure detection is carried out on a relay in the charging path for starting charging, the following steps are carried out:
s601, controlling the corresponding power module to be started;
s602, controlling a first relay to be closed, wherein the first relay is arranged in a charging path and is used for controlling the on-off of a corresponding power module, and a second relay and a third relay are arranged in the charging path and are respectively used for controlling the on-off of two power input ends of a corresponding charging gun;
step S603, whether the first optocoupler is conducted or not is detected, and if not, the step S604 is executed; if yes, executing step S605, where a first optocoupler detection circuit includes a first optocoupler and a first current limiting device connected to an input end of the first optocoupler, and an input end of the first optocoupler detection circuit is connected in parallel with an output end of the corresponding power module through the first relay;
step S604, determining that the first relay is in driving failure, and then executing step S608;
s605, controlling the first relay, the second relay and the third relay to be closed;
s606, detecting whether the second optocoupler is conducted, if not, executing S607; if yes, executing step S609, wherein a second optical coupler detection circuit comprises a second optical coupler and a second current limiting device connected to the input end of the second optical coupler, and the input end of the second optical coupler detection circuit is connected in parallel with the power input end of the corresponding charging gun;
s607, determining that at least one of the second relay and the third relay is in drive failure;
step S608 determines that the charging path self-test fails;
and S609, determining that the drive failure detection of the relay in the charging path is successful.
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