CN108817078A - A method of utilizing compositae plant cadmium pollution soil repair - Google Patents
A method of utilizing compositae plant cadmium pollution soil repair Download PDFInfo
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- CN108817078A CN108817078A CN201810859288.6A CN201810859288A CN108817078A CN 108817078 A CN108817078 A CN 108817078A CN 201810859288 A CN201810859288 A CN 201810859288A CN 108817078 A CN108817078 A CN 108817078A
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- compositae plant
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- cadmium pollution
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods using compositae plant cadmium pollution soil repair, include the following steps：A, it cultivates：Late March is to early April, and compositae plant is cultivated in sowing under the conditions of general soil；B, it is colonized：To compositae plant seedling up to 10~13cm, the soil of cadmium pollution is selected, site preparation, field planting compositae plant seedling, holding spacing in the rows is 30~35cm；C, it manages：It is general to grow the busy season in pregnant flower bud and florescence etc. without watering and fertilising, it is mixed with the urea solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate for foliage-spray 1~3 time；D, it harvests：It is harvested during 8~September florescence, the plant after harvest includes overground part and underground part；E, it repeats：Step B, step C are repeated, and is harvested again 2~March of the coming year；F, subsequent processing：It repeats the above steps until the content of selected heavy metal in soil cadmium reaches environmental safety standard.Compositae plant growth cycle is short, adaptable and have good ornamental value, can implement in most of areas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil remediation fields, more particularly to a kind of side using compositae plant cadmium pollution soil repair
Method.
Background technique
Waste water, waste residue, the tailing formed in nonferrous metal resources exploitation smelting process does not only take up and influences mining area
Soil, the ecological disruption for also resulting in mining area periphery cities and towns of the heavy metal element shifted by the discharge of industrial waste and soil
The pollution of earth.The discharge of industrial production and industrial waste and during retaining, the weight by taking industrial wastewater discharge as an example, in waste water
Metallic element is shifted and is accumulated into littoral soil, produces very big change to soil environment.Elements in Soil composition, soil
Earth physical property and chemical property change, and soil quality is caused to decline, and the soil environment after heavy metal contamination is made
For a system open in the ecosphere, the heavy metal element in soil can be in the interaction of soil environment and other biological environment
In shifted, lead to the change of other animals and plants properties in environment, endanger other biological and the health of the mankind.Due to soil weight
Extensive ill effect caused by metallic pollution finds one efficiently and the side of the restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal small to environmental injury
Method has great significance.
There are mainly two types of the counter-measures for being directed to Cadmium in Soil metallic pollution at present.First is that commonly replacing Polluted Soil with the pure land
Soil improvement by importing soil from other places.Soil improvement by importing soil from other places, which needs to obtain from elsewhere, is largely not affected by contaminated soil, and at high cost, project amount is big, and not can be reduced
The total amount of cadmium metal in the soil of cadmium pollution.Another method is phytoremediation technology, that is, utilize to heavy metal element have compared with
The plant of strong patience and accumulation ability carrys out the technology of restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal.
Phytoremediation technology is using qualified plant after screening for the absorption of heavy metal element, conversion, fixed energy
Heavy metal element is separated and is shifted from soil environment, can satisfy the needs of mankind's counterweight land metal reparation by power, will not
Local environment is caused further to injure, and there are potential economic benefits, are the control measures an of green, low cost.But
The screening of vegetable material is the most key also most difficult link of phytoremediation technology, on the one hand due to heavy metal pollution area
The factors such as weather, humidity, soil property, adaptability and survival ability of the floristics in given area are restricted, are difficult
Find generally applicable plant；Second, plant part needs the management of plant growth regulating during planting rehabilitating soil environment
A large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources are expended, economic effect is not significant and repairing effect is unstable；Third, consumption commercial crop plants are as used
In phytoremediation technology, after heavy metal is absorbed by plants, if will be brought into plant edible part to human health hidden
Hide risk.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods using compositae plant cadmium pollution soil repair, utilize compositae plant
Short, adaptable, suitable kind of the range of growth cycle is wide and has the features such as good ornamental value, can implement this in most of areas
The soil remediation method provided is provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that：A method of using compositae plant cadmium pollution soil repair, including with
Lower step：
A, it cultivates：Late March is to early April, and compositae plant is cultivated in sowing under the conditions of general soil；
B, it is colonized：To compositae plant seedling up to 10~13cm, the soil of cadmium pollution is selected, site preparation, field planting composite family are planted
Object seedling, holding spacing in the rows are 30~35cm；
C, it manages：It is general to be not necessarily to watering and fertilising, busy season, foliage-spray 1~3 time mixing are grown in pregnant flower bud and florescence etc.
There is the urea solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate；
D, it harvests：It is harvested during 8~September florescence, the plant after harvest includes overground part and underground part；
E, it repeats：Step B, step C are repeated, and is harvested again 2~March of the coming year；
F, subsequent processing：The overground part harvested every time and underground part are ashed according to a conventional method, extract cadmium metal, repeats to walk
Rapid A, step B, step C, step D, step E are until the content of selected heavy metal in soil cadmium reaches environmental safety standard.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, step C management in, in urea solution the concentration of urea be 0.3%~
0.5%, the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.5%~0.8%.To supplement nitrogen needed for compositae plant growth course, phosphorus, potassium
Element.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, during step A is cultivated, compositae plant is cultivated, keeps temperature 23~27
DEG C, seed 0.6~0.8cm of thickness of earth covering keeps ground moistening.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the compositae plant is Zinnia or marigold or corn flower.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, in step B field planting, the site preparation specifically includes following procedure：
1) it, turns over：30~50cm by heavy metal pollution is deep-cut, the heavy-metal contaminated soil dug out is spare；
2) it, adjusts：Heavy metallic activation bacterium is inoculated with into the heavy-metal contaminated soil dug out；
3) it, backfills：It waters after heavy-metal contaminated soil adjusted is backfilled in hole, cover overlay film, stand 7~15 days
Striping afterwards.
Soil after turning over enables compositae plant to be more easier to grow, and promotes the survival rate of compositae plant；And it ties
Heavy metallic activation bacterium is closed, promotes compositae plant to the extraction efficiency of cadmium metal element in soil.It is as above-mentioned technical proposal
Be further improved, program 2) adjustment in, the heavy metallic activation bacterium be bacillus and pseudomonad.Bacillus and vacation list
Born of the same parents bacterium can generate the organic acid of a variety of low molecular weights, such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid by metabolism, can be in chrysanthemum
The rhizosphere activating soil mineral nutrients of section plant promote to turn the heavy metal in soil from inertia state
Bioavailable state is turned to, plays the role of activating heavy metal, it is effective to promote what compositae plant extracted heavy metal in soil
Efficiency.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, program 2) adjustment in, in heavy metallic activation bacterium bacillus with
Pseudomonad is mixed with 1~2: 1 ratio, and the bacterial concentration of heavy metallic activation bacterium is 5.0 × 107~3.5 × 108 thin
Bacterium/ml is inoculated with the bacterium solution of the heavy metallic activation bacterium of 50~100ml in each kilogram of heavy-metal contaminated soil, and point 1~3 time complete
At inoculation.
The preparation process of heavy metallic activation bacterium is：Bacillus and pseudomonad is taken to be inoculated into fluid nutrient medium respectively
In, according to 1 × 106~2.5 × 107 bacteriums of every milliliters of liquid inoculation of medium, the pH of fluid nutrient medium is 6~7, culture
Temperature is 32~36 DEG C, after cultivating 15~20h, obtains the bacterium solution in growth logarithmic phase, in every milliliter of culture solution containing 5.0 ×
107~3.5 × 108 bacteriums.Then by bacillus culture bacterium solution and pseudomonad culture bacterium solution according to volume ratio 1~2: 1
Mixing both obtains heavy metallic activation bacterium bacterium solution.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, program 3) backfill in, standing be divided into twice, first time time of repose
It is 7~10 days, removes overlay film after standing for the first time, earthworm larva is launched into heavy-metal contaminated soil, starts second after watering
Secondary standing, second of time of repose are 5~8 days.Earthworm is launched into heavy-metal contaminated soil can both promote cadmium to exchange state
It is converted with water-soluble state, also can effectively promote the fertility of soil, earthworm is by promoting chrysanthemum with plant, microbial interaction
Section plant is to the extraction efficiency of heavy metal element, and its excreta is improving the side such as soil, pre- preventing disease and pest as bio-fertilizer
Face has good effect.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, it in step C management, during compositae plant grows, periodically adopts
The loose earthworm of growth is captured with the mode that electric field is driven, solidification is carried out after burning to the earthworm captured and fills innoxious place
Reason.The more loose earthworm of growth is periodically removed, avoids soil excessively soft, is unfavorable for the growth of compositae plant.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the mode that electric field is driven is using storage battery power supply, by positive and negative gold
Belong to plate electrode to press at a distance of the spacing insertion ground of 2~3m, insertion depth is 20~30cm, forms low voltage electric field and makes earthworm automatic
Ground is drilled out, then manually captures wherein more loose earthworm.
The present invention selects environmental suitability is strong, widely distributed and there are economic value ornamental value compositae plant as plant
The main material of recovery technique application.Compositae plant has stronger patience, resistance, transfer and accumulation ability to cadmium pollution, is
A kind of preferable material for phytoremediation technology application.
In addition, compositae plant also shows stronger answer aiming at the problem that in terms of the cultivation of existing vegetable material, growth management
With value.Compositae plant requires not stringent, rapid, the drought-enduring resistance to worm of growth to soil, there is that management is convenient, inexpensive,
There are also very high ornamental values and the economic values for flowers, meet the potential demand for reducing and eating by mistake.Therefore, compositae plant can be used as
Preferable main material in phytoremediation technology application.
In conclusion being had the following advantages that by the cadmium pollution soil phytoremediation technology of medium of compositae plant：
(1), the present invention uses vegetable material of the composite family as rehabilitating soil cadmium pollution, and adaptability is good, and repair ability is strong, pipe
Reason is simple.
(2), it avoids edible bring dangerous, and has certain ornamental values and the economic values.
Specific embodiment
With specific embodiment, the present invention will be described below, and following embodiments are all made of above-mentioned restorative procedure：
Embodiment one
A method of it utilizes compositae plant cadmium pollution soil repair (cadmium concentration 10mg/kg), chooses marigold conduct
Rehabilitation plant, early March choose mature seed from mature Tagetes erecta, are kept for 25 DEG C of temperature, seed thickness of earth covering
0.6cm cultivates marigold seedling under the premise of ground moistening.40cm by heavy metal pollution is deep-cut, and into the soil dug out
It is inoculated with heavy metallic activation bacterium, heavy metallic activation bacterium is mixed by bacillus and pseudomonad with 1.5: 1 ratio, heavy metal
The bacterial concentration of reactivated bacteria is 1 × 108 bacterium/ml, and the heavy metal of 80ml is inoculated in each kilogram of heavy-metal contaminated soil
The bacterium solution of reactivated bacteria, property completes inoculation in two times.Soil is backfilled into overlay film after the completion of inoculation, it is heavy metal-polluted backward to stand 10 days
It contaminates and launches earthworm seedling in soil, then overlay film stands 5 days again.Overlay film, early April definite value marigold are removed after the completion of standing
Larva, holding spacing in the rows are 35cm, grow the busy season in pregnant flower bud and florescence etc., are mixed with the urine of potassium dihydrogen phosphate for foliage-spray 2 times
Plain liquid, the concentration of urea is 0.3% in urea solution, the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.5%.September is received during marigold florescence
It obtains, the plant after harvest includes overground part and underground part, and the marigold of harvest is ashed according to a conventional method, cadmium metal is extracted, with
It is repeated the above steps afterwards until the content of heavy metal in soil cadmium reaches environmental safety standard.
Embodiment two
A method of it utilizes compositae plant cadmium pollution soil repair (cadmium concentration 30mg/kg), chooses Zinnia conduct
Rehabilitation plant, early March choose mature seed from mature Zinnia plant, are kept for 25 DEG C of temperature, seed thickness of earth covering
0.6cm cultivates Zinnia seedling under the premise of ground moistening.40cm by heavy metal pollution is deep-cut, and into the soil dug out
It is inoculated with heavy metallic activation bacterium, heavy metallic activation bacterium is mixed by bacillus and pseudomonad with 1.5: 1 ratio, heavy metal
The bacterial concentration of reactivated bacteria is 1 × 108 bacterium/ml, and the heavy metal of 80ml is inoculated in each kilogram of heavy-metal contaminated soil
The bacterium solution of reactivated bacteria, property completes inoculation in two times.Soil is backfilled into overlay film after the completion of inoculation, it is heavy metal-polluted backward to stand 10 days
It contaminates and launches earthworm seedling in soil, then overlay film stands 5 days again.Overlay film, early April definite value Zinnia are removed after the completion of standing
Seedling, holding spacing in the rows are 35cm, grow the busy season in pregnant flower bud and florescence etc., are mixed with the urine of potassium dihydrogen phosphate for foliage-spray 2 times
Plain liquid, the concentration of urea is 0.3% in urea solution, the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.5%.September is received during Zinnia florescence
It obtains, the plant after harvest includes overground part and underground part, and the Zinnia of harvest is ashed according to a conventional method, cadmium metal is extracted, with
It is repeated the above steps afterwards until the content of heavy metal in soil cadmium reaches environmental safety standard.
The Applicant declares that illustrating detailed process equipment and process flow of the invention, but this hair through the foregoing embodiment
It is bright to be not limited to above-mentioned detailed process equipment and process flow, that is, do not mean that the present invention must rely on above-mentioned detailed process and set
Standby and process flow could be implemented.It should be clear to those skilled in the art, any improvement in the present invention, to this hair
The equivalence replacement of bright each raw material of product and addition, the selection of concrete mode of auxiliary element etc., all fall within protection model of the invention
Enclose within the open scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method using compositae plant cadmium pollution soil repair, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
A, it cultivates：Late March is to early April, and compositae plant is cultivated in sowing under the conditions of general soil；
B, it is colonized：To compositae plant seedling up to 10~13cm, the soil of cadmium pollution, site preparation, field planting compositae plant children are selected
Seedling, holding spacing in the rows are 30~35cm；
C, it manages：It is general to grow the busy season in pregnant flower bud and florescence etc. without watering and fertilising, it is mixed with phosphorus foliage-spray 1~3 time
The urea solution of acid dihydride potassium；
D, it harvests：It is harvested during 8~September florescence, the plant after harvest includes overground part and underground part；
E, it repeats：Step B, step C are repeated, and is harvested again 2~March of the coming year；
F, subsequent processing：The overground part harvested every time and underground part are ashed according to a conventional method, extraction cadmium metal, repetition step A,
Step B, step C, step D, step E are until the content of selected heavy metal in soil cadmium reaches environmental safety standard.
2. utilizing the method for compositae plant cadmium pollution soil repair according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step C management
In, the concentration of urea is 0.3%~0.5% in urea solution, the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.5%~0.8%.
3. utilizing the method for compositae plant cadmium pollution soil repair according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step A is cultivated
In, compositae plant is cultivated, is kept for 23~27 DEG C of temperature, seed 0.6~0.8cm of thickness of earth covering, keeps ground moistening.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 methods using compositae plant cadmium pollution soil repair, it is characterised in that：It is described
Compositae plant is Zinnia or marigold or corn flower.
5. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 methods using compositae plant cadmium pollution soil repair, which is characterized in that step
In B field planting, the site preparation specifically includes following procedure：
1) it, turns over：30~50cm by heavy metal pollution is deep-cut, the heavy-metal contaminated soil dug out is spare；
2) it, adjusts：Heavy metallic activation bacterium is inoculated with into the heavy-metal contaminated soil dug out；
3) it, backfills：It waters after heavy-metal contaminated soil adjusted is backfilled in hole, cover overlay film, gone after standing 7~15 days
Film.
6. utilizing the method for compositae plant cadmium pollution soil repair according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Program 2) adjustment
In, the heavy metallic activation bacterium is bacillus and pseudomonad.
7. utilizing the method for compositae plant cadmium pollution soil repair according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Program 2) adjustment
In, bacillus and pseudomonad are mixed in heavy metallic activation bacterium with 1~2: 1 ratio, the bacterium solution of heavy metallic activation bacterium
Concentration is 5.0 × 107~3.5 × 108A bacterium/ml is inoculated with a huge sum of money of 50~100ml in each kilogram of heavy-metal contaminated soil
Belong to the bacterium solution of reactivated bacteria, point 1~3 completion inoculation.
8. utilizing the method for compositae plant cadmium pollution soil repair according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Program 3) backfill
In, standing is divided into twice, and first time time of repose is 7~10 days, overlay film is removed after standing for the first time, to heavy-metal contaminated soil
Middle dispensing earthworm larva, starts to stand for second after watering, and second of time of repose is 5~8 days.
9. utilizing the method for compositae plant cadmium pollution soil repair according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：Step C management
In, during compositae plant grows, the loose earthworm of growth is periodically captured in such a way that electric field is driven, to the earthworm captured
Earthworm carries out solidification landfill harmless treatment after burning.
10. utilizing the method for compositae plant cadmium pollution soil repair according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：Electric field is driven
Mode be positive and negative metal plate electrode to be pressed into the spacing at a distance of 2~3m and is inserted into ground, insertion depth 20 using storage battery power supply
~30cm forms low voltage electric field and earthworm is made to drill out ground automatically, then manually captures wherein more loose earthworm.
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| CN201810859288.6A CN108817078A (en) | 2018-07-31 | 2018-07-31 | A method of utilizing compositae plant cadmium pollution soil repair |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN109628105A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-16 | 垚励鑫生态治理有限公司 | Heavy-metal contaminated soil renovation agent |
| CN111495955A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-07 | 尤宝旺 | In-situ remediation method for petroleum-polluted soil |
| CN112570446A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-03-30 | 博域环保技术研究院(南京)有限公司 | Environment-friendly soil ecological environment treatment method |
| CN113843272A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-28 | 云南农业大学 | Method for replacing planting and repairing marigold in cadmium-lead polluted farmland |
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| CN111495955A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-07 | 尤宝旺 | In-situ remediation method for petroleum-polluted soil |
| CN112570446A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-03-30 | 博域环保技术研究院(南京)有限公司 | Environment-friendly soil ecological environment treatment method |
| CN113843272A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-28 | 云南农业大学 | Method for replacing planting and repairing marigold in cadmium-lead polluted farmland |
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