CN108761437A - microwave photon polarization radar detection method and microwave photon polarization radar - Google Patents
microwave photon polarization radar detection method and microwave photon polarization radar Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/0209—Systems with very large relative bandwidth, i.e. larger than 10 %, e.g. baseband, pulse, carrier-free, ultrawideband
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/89—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/024—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using polarisation effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/282—Transmitters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/285—Receivers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/484—Transmitters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/486—Receivers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of microwave photon polarization radar detection methods.It includes：1, upconversion process is carried out in area of light to light carrier, complex base band signal and RF local oscillator signal, generates the mutually orthogonal radiofrequency signal of two-way and all the way light reference signal；2, the mutually orthogonal radiofrequency signal of two-way is respectively fed to horizontal and vertical poliarizing antenna, while gives off the orthogonal polarized electromagnetic wave of two-way to irradiate target；The echo that target is received with horizontal and vertical poliarizing antenna, obtains two-way echo-signal；3, oblique and polarization response separating treatment is carried out in area of light to two-way echo-signal and light reference signal, is corresponded to four road intermediate frequency analog electrical signals of four elements in target polarization scattering matrix respectively；4, four road intermediate frequency analog electrical signals are handled, obtains target acquisition information.The invention also discloses a kind of microwave photon polarization radars.The present invention can effectively solve the problems, such as polarization radar Bandwidth-Constrained, complicated and be difficult to transient measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microwave photon new system radar system more particularly to a kind of microwave photon polarization radar detection sides
Method and microwave photon polarization radar.
Background technology
Radar is the important means of human use's radio wave perception environment, has in dual-use field and answers extensively
With.In recent years, battlefield investigation, remote sensing mapping, environmental monitoring and the fields such as unmanned detected and were imaged to high resolution target
Great demand is proposed, this requires radar to have wideband operation ability.However, traditional microwave technology is realizing broadband signal production
Huge challenge is encountered when the functions such as raw and processing, it is difficult to meet the technical need of high resolution radar.The microwave risen in recent years
Photon technology realizes generation, processing and the transmission of microwave signal by photonic propulsion means, has high frequency, broadband, low-loss, anti-electricity
The advantages such as magnetic disturbance are the effective solution routes for breaking through wideband radar technical bottleneck.Microwave based on microwave photon technology structure
Photon radar has become the research hotspot of the current world, to using microwave photon radar carry out ranging, test the speed with synthetic aperture at
The result of study of picture has been proven that huge advantage of the wide-band microwave photon radar in terms of realizing high-resolution detection with imaging.
In addition to target location parameter and velocity information, the polarization response of target has also contained important target property, has
Help realize high performance objectives identification and imaging.Here polarization response includes change of the target strength with probing wave polarization state
Change and the change of target back wave polarization state relative detection wave polarization state.According to polarization decomposing principle, target polarization response
All information can use four elements in polarization scattering matrix, i.e., horizontal polarization response, horizontal polarization under horizontal polarization detection
The horizontal polarization response under vertical polarization response, vertical polarization detection under detection, the vertical polarization under vertical polarization detection are rung
It should be derived from.When realizing complete polarization detection, not only signal bandwidth is restricted conventional radar, and system structure is also more multiple
It is miscellaneous.Meanwhile to avoid the aliasing of polarization response, horizontal polarized wave and vertically polarized wave usually require alternate emission, more than measurement
Cubic surface polarization response needs two pulse periods, this is very unfavorable to the acquisition of instantaneous polarization information.Therefore, research can be same
When obtain in polarization scattering matrix the broadband polarization radar detection method of four elements and polarization radar that structure simplifies is received
Hair machine is very necessary.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a kind of microwave photon complete polarization thunders
Up to detection method, realize that polarization radar detects big bandwidth simultaneously, can effectively solve by compact microwave photon transceiver architecture
Certainly polarization radar Bandwidth-Constrained, complicated and the problem of be difficult to transient measurement.
The present invention specifically uses following technical scheme to solve above-mentioned technical problem：
A kind of microwave photon polarization radar detection method, includes the following steps：
Step 1 carries out upconversion process to light carrier, complex base band signal and RF local oscillator signal in area of light, generates two
The mutually orthogonal radiofrequency signal in road and all the way light reference signal；The light carrier is that frequency is fcSingle-tone optical signal；It is described
Complex base band signal is frequency range-B/2~+B/2, and chirp rate is the linear FM signal of k；The RF local oscillator signal is
Frequency is fmSingle-tone radiofrequency signal；Frequency f centered on the mutually orthogonal radiofrequency signal of the two-waye, bandwidth B, chirp rate
The respectively linear FM signal of ± k, wherein feIt is fmIntegral multiple；The smooth reference signal is by cos (2 π fct-2πfet)、
cos(2πfct+πkt2)、cos(2πfct+2πfeT) these three components superposition is constituted；
The mutually orthogonal radiofrequency signal of two-way is respectively fed to horizontally-polarized antenna and vertical polarized antenna by step 2, simultaneously
The orthogonal polarized electromagnetic wave of two-way is given off to irradiate target；Returning for target is received with horizontally-polarized antenna and vertical polarized antenna
Wave obtains two-way echo-signal；
Step 3 carries out oblique and polarization response to obtained two-way echo-signal and the smooth reference signal in area of light
Separating treatment is corresponded to four road intermediate frequency analog electrical signals of four elements in target polarization scattering matrix respectively；
Step 4 handles the four roads intermediate frequency analog electrical signal, obtains target acquisition information.
Preferably, the upconversion process is specific as follows：
Step 101, in two polarization states of X and Y respectively by the RF local oscillator signal and the complex base band signal tune
It makes on the light carrier, generates the optical signal component of complex base band signal in a polarization state wherein, in another polarization
The optical sideband component of two RF local oscillator signals is generated in state；
Step 102 will be divided into two-way after the modulated optical signal superposition in two polarization states of X and Y, will wherein superimposed light all the way
Signal is divided into two-way, removes the optical sideband component of a RF local oscillator signal respectively per road, is then respectively converted into electric signal, i.e.,
Generate the mutually orthogonal radiofrequency signal of the two-way；In addition it is superimposed optical signal all the way as the smooth reference signal.
It is further preferred that by will partially point multiplexing a double parallel MZ Mach-Zehnder be set as local oscillator overtone mode or
Overtone mode does not realize the step 101 to local oscillator, specific as follows：
Local oscillator overtone mode：Two sub- modulators in one of polarization state are all offset to maximum point, two son modulation
The synthesis arm of device is offset to smallest point, and two modulation ports connect the RF local oscillator signal and produced after 90 ° of microwave bridges respectively
The local oscillation signal that raw two-way difference is 90 °；Two sub- modulators in another polarization state are all offset to smallest point, two sons
The synthesis arm of modulator is offset to orthogonal points, and two modulation ports connect I, Q two-way that the complex base band signal resolves into respectively
Real signal；
Local oscillator not overtone mode：Two sub- modulators in one of polarization state are all offset to smallest point, and two sons are adjusted
The synthesis arm of device processed is offset to arbitrary point, and one in two modulation ports connects the RF local oscillator signal, another modulated terminal
Mouth connects matched load or does not connect；Two sub- modulators in another polarization state are all offset to smallest point, two sub- modulators
Synthesis arm is offset to orthogonal points, and two modulation ports connect I, Q two-way real signal that complex base band signal resolves into respectively.
It will wherein be superimposed optical signal all the way it is further preferred that described and be divided into two-way, a radio frequency sheet is removed respectively per road
Shake the optical sideband component of signal, is realized especially by following manner：One 1:1 optical power distributor connects two optical band pass filters,
Either multichannel programmable optical filter or optical wavelength division multiplexing demultiplexer.
Preferably, described to go oblique and polarization response separating treatment specific as follows：
The signal that two horizontal polarization, vertical polarization antennas receive is modulated to two polarizations of X and Y by step 301 respectively
State is completed electro-optic conversion and is gone tiltedly with area of light；
Step 302 goes from completion electro-optic conversion and area of light in oblique optical signal to pick out positive slope linear frequency modulation radio frequency letter
Number go bevel edge band and negative slope linear frequency modulation radiofrequency signal remove bevel edge band, then carry out polarization demultiplexing respectively, photoelectricity turns
It changes, is corresponded to four road intermediate frequency analog electrical signals of four elements in target polarization scattering matrix respectively.
Following technical scheme can also be obtained according to identical invention thinking：
A kind of microwave photon polarization radar, including：
Area of light signal up-converter module, for being carried out in area of light to light carrier, complex base band signal and RF local oscillator signal
Upconversion process generates the mutually orthogonal radiofrequency signal of two-way and all the way light reference signal；The light carrier is that frequency is fc
Single-tone optical signal；The complex base band signal is frequency range-B/2~+B/2, and chirp rate is the linear FM signal of k；
It is f that the RF local oscillator signal, which is frequency,mSingle-tone radiofrequency signal；Frequency centered on the mutually orthogonal radiofrequency signal of the two-way
fe, bandwidth B, chirp rate is respectively the linear FM signal of ± k, wherein feIt is fmIntegral multiple；The smooth reference signal by
cos(2πfct-2πfet)、cos(2πfct+πkt2)、cos(2πfct+2πfeT) these three components superposition is constituted；
Horizontally-polarized antenna and vertical polarized antenna, it is orthogonal for the mutually orthogonal radiofrequency signal of two-way to be given off two-way
Polarized electromagnetic wave to irradiate target, and receive the echo of target, obtain two-way echo-signal；
Area of light goes oblique and polarization separation module, is used for obtained two-way echo-signal and the smooth reference signal in light
Domain carries out tiltedly and polarization response separating treatment, in four tunnels for being corresponded to four elements in target polarization scattering matrix respectively
Frequency analog electrical signal；
Data processing module obtains target acquisition information for handling the four roads intermediate frequency analog electrical signal.
Preferably, the area of light signal up-converter module includes：
Electro-optical Modulation module is used for the RF local oscillator signal and the plural base in two polarization states of X and Y respectively
Band signal is modulated on the light carrier, the optical signal component of complex base band signal is generated in a polarization state wherein, another
The optical sideband component of two RF local oscillator signals is generated in one polarization state；
Polarization beam apparatus, for two-way will to be divided into after the modulated optical signal superposition in two polarization states of X and Y；
Optical processor, the optical signal that is wherein superimposed all the way for exporting polarization beam apparatus are divided into two-way, are gone respectively per road
Except the optical sideband component of a RF local oscillator signal；
Photoelectric conversion module, the two ways of optical signals for being exported to optical processor carry out opto-electronic conversion.
Preferably, the Electro-optical Modulation module be set as local oscillator overtone mode or local oscillator not overtone mode partially point multiplexing
Double parallel MZ Mach-Zehnder, overtone mode is not specific as follows for the local oscillator overtone mode and local oscillator：Local oscillator overtone mode：
Two sub- modulators in one of polarization state are all offset to maximum point, and the synthesis arm of two sub- modulators is offset to minimum
Point, two modulation ports connect the two-way difference that the RF local oscillator signal generates after 90 ° of microwave bridges as 90 ° of sheet respectively
Shake signal；Two sub- modulators in another polarization state are all offset to smallest point, and the synthesis arm of two sub- modulators is offset to
Orthogonal points, two modulation ports connect I, Q two-way real signal that the complex base band signal resolves into respectively；
Local oscillator not overtone mode：Two sub- modulators in one of polarization state are all offset to smallest point, and two sons are adjusted
The synthesis arm of device processed is offset to arbitrary point, and one in two modulation ports connects the RF local oscillator signal, another modulated terminal
Mouth connects matched load or does not connect；Two sub- modulators in another polarization state are all offset to smallest point, two sub- modulators
Synthesis arm is offset to orthogonal points, and two modulation ports connect I, Q two-way real signal that complex base band signal resolves into respectively.
Preferably, the optical processor is specially：One 1:1 optical power distributor connects two optical band pass filters, Huo Zheduo
Channel programmable optical filter or optical wavelength division multiplexing demultiplexer.
Preferably, the area of light is gone tiltedly and polarization separation module includes：
Electro-optical Modulation module, for respectively connecing two horizontal polarization, vertical polarization antennas in two polarization states of X and Y
The signal received is modulated to respectively in the smooth reference signal, is completed electro-optic conversion and is gone tiltedly with area of light；
Optical processor, for from completing electro-optic conversion and area of light and go in oblique optical signal to pick out positive slope linear frequency modulation to penetrate
Frequency signal go bevel edge band and negative slope linear frequency modulation radiofrequency signal remove bevel edge band；
Two polarization beam apparatus, for going bevel edge band and negative slope linear positive slope linear frequency modulation radiofrequency signal respectively
Frequency Modulated radio signals go bevel edge band to carry out polarization demultiplexing；
Photoelectric conversion module, the four road optical signals for the output of two polarization beam apparatus carry out opto-electronic conversion, obtain respectively
Four road intermediate frequency analog electrical signals of four elements in target polarization scattering matrix are corresponded to respectively.
Compared with prior art, technical solution of the present invention has the advantages that：
1, relative to the polarization radar based on pure electronic technology, the present invention can generate and handle instant bandwidth bigger
Signal is advantageously implemented higher ranging and imaging resolution.
2, compared with existing microwave photon radar, the present invention has expanded the dimension of detection, it can be achieved that polarization response information
It obtains, and the complexity of transceiver is not obviously improved.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic diagram of microwave photon polarization radar of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of one preferred embodiment of microwave photon polarization radar of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the input/output relation schematic diagram of optical processor first；
Fig. 4 is the input/output relation schematic diagram of optical processor second.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, thinking of the invention be by microwave photon transceiver architecture compact to design,
Polarization scattering matrix of the target under same frequency range is obtained in one pulse period, and is ensured needed for high-resolution ranging and imaging
Instant bandwidth.
Specifically, microwave photon polarization radar proposed by the invention, including：
Area of light signal up-converter module, for being carried out in area of light to light carrier, complex base band signal and RF local oscillator signal
Upconversion process generates the mutually orthogonal radiofrequency signal of two-way and all the way light reference signal；The light carrier is that frequency is fc
Single-tone optical signal；The complex base band signal is frequency range-B/2~+B/2, and chirp rate is the linear FM signal of k；
It is f that the RF local oscillator signal, which is frequency,mSingle-tone radiofrequency signal；Frequency centered on the mutually orthogonal radiofrequency signal of the two-way
fe, bandwidth B, chirp rate is respectively the linear FM signal of ± k, wherein feIt is fmIntegral multiple；The smooth reference signal by
cos(2πfct-2πfet)、cos(2πfct+πkt2)、cos(2πfct+2πfeT) these three components superposition is constituted；
Horizontally-polarized antenna and vertical polarized antenna, it is orthogonal for the mutually orthogonal radiofrequency signal of two-way to be given off two-way
Polarized electromagnetic wave to irradiate target, and receive the echo of target, obtain two-way echo-signal；
Area of light goes oblique and polarization separation module, is used for obtained two-way echo-signal and the smooth reference signal in light
Domain carries out tiltedly and polarization response separating treatment, in four tunnels for being corresponded to four elements in target polarization scattering matrix respectively
Frequency analog electrical signal；
Data processing module obtains target acquisition information for handling the four roads intermediate frequency analog electrical signal.
Its basic structure is as shown in Figure 1, the complex baseband letter that light carrier, the baseband signal generator of laser output generate
Number, input of the RF local oscillator signal as area of light signal up-converter module of RF local oscillator source output, area of light signal up-conversion mould
Block carries out upconversion process in area of light to input signal, generates the mutually orthogonal radiofrequency signal of two-way and beche-de-mer without spike examines letter all the way
Number.The light carrier is that frequency is fcSingle-tone optical signal；The complex base band signal is frequency range-B/2~+B/2, frequency modulation
Slope is the linear FM signal of k；It is f that the RF local oscillator signal, which is frequency,mSingle-tone radiofrequency signal；The two-way is mutually just
Frequency f centered on the radiofrequency signal of friendshipe, bandwidth B, chirp rate is respectively the linear FM signal of ± k, wherein feIt is fm's
Integral multiple；The smooth reference signal is by cos (2 π fct-2πfet)、cos(2πfct+πkt2)、cos(2πfct+2πfeT) these three
Component superposition is constituted.
The mutually orthogonal radiofrequency signal of two-way is respectively fed to horizontal polarization H antennas and vertical polarization V days after power amplification
Line, H antennas and V aerial radiations go out the orthogonal polarized electromagnetic wave of two-way to irradiate target, and receive the echo of target, obtain two-way
Echo-signal.
Two-way echo-signal inputs area of light together with light reference signal after low noise amplification and goes oblique and polarization separation module,
It carries out tiltedly and after polarization response separating treatment, being corresponded to four elements in target polarization scattering matrix respectively in area of light
Four road intermediate frequency analog electrical signal SVV、SHV、SVH、SHH。
By four road intermediate frequency analog electrical signal SVV、SHV、SVH、SHHAnalog-to-digital conversion is progress signal processing after digital signal and deposits
Storage, obtains target acquisition information.
For the ease of public understanding, to carry out technical solution of the present invention with a preferred embodiment below further detailed
Explanation.
Microwave photon polarization radar in the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, module, RF local oscillator occurs by baseband signal
Source, area of light signal up-converter module (comprising laser, 90 ° of microwave bridges, Polarization Controller, divided multiplexing double parallel Mach once partially
Dare modulator, optical processor first, photodetector), radio frequency amplification (put comprising power amplifier, low noise with Anneta module
Big device, horizontally-polarized antenna and vertical polarized antenna), area of light goes tiltedly with polarization response separation module (comprising point multiplexing Mach partially
Zeng Deer modulators, optical processor second, Polarization Controller, polarization beam apparatus, photodetector) and analog-to-digital conversion with number believe
Number processing and memory module composition.Wherein, various ways realization, such as one 1 can be used in the optical processor:1 optical power distributor
Connect two optical band pass filters either multichannel programmable optical filter or optical wavelength division multiplexing demultiplexer.
First, light carrier is generated by laser, if the centre frequency of light carrier is fc, then light carrier be represented by
Ec(t)=cos (2 π fct) (1)
Below by be divided to partially multiplexing double parallel MZ Mach-Zehnder respectively on X and two polarization states of Y to light carrier into
Row intensity modulated.The two-way modulated signal of X (two polarization states of X and Y are interchangeable herein, now illustrated by taking X as an example) polarization state
Module, the respectively real and imaginary parts of complex linear FM signal occurs from baseband signal
SILFM(t)=cos (π kt2) (2)
SQLFM(t)=sin (π kt2) (3)
Wherein k is chirp rate, might as well set k>0.Dc bias is adjusted, two sub- modulators in X polarization states are all inclined
It is placed in smallest point, the synthesis arm of sub- modulator is offset to orthogonal points, then the output signal of X polarization states modulator is represented by：
EX(t)∝cos(2πfct)×cos(πkt2)-sin(2πfct)×sin(πkt2) (4)
I.e.：
EX(t)∝cos(2πfct+πkt2) (5)
Two-way modulated signal on another polarization state Y is the RF local oscillator signal generated by microwave source.Wherein, in local oscillator
Under overtone mode, the RF local oscillator signal frequency that microwave source generates is fe/ 2, two sub- modulators are all offset to maximum point, sub- tune
The synthesis arm of device processed is offset to smallest point, and two modulation ports connect respectively to be sent out by the microwave source, by 90 ° of microwave bridges
The RF local oscillator signal that the two-way difference generated afterwards is 90 °；And under local oscillator not overtone mode, the RF local oscillator of microwave source generation
Signal frequency is fe, two sub- modulators are all offset to smallest point, and the synthesis arm of sub- modulator is offset to arbitrary point, two modulation
Port one connects RF local oscillator signal, another connects matched load or does not connect.In this way, being obtained in Y polarization states in both modes
Signal may be expressed as：
EY(t)∝cos(2πfct+2πfet)+cos(2πfct-2πfet) (6)
Signal E through ovennodulationX、EYBy being divided into two-way after polarization beam apparatus, it is sent into area of light all the way and removes oblique and polarization response
Separation module is used as the carrier wave of electro-optic conversion, i.e. light reference signal, is denoted as EPBS1；Another way is sent into optical processor first for emitting
The generation of signal, is denoted as EPBS2.If the analyzing angle of polarization beam apparatus is 45 °, then the two paths of signals after polarization beam apparatus is such as
(7) formula indicates：
EPBS2It is divided into two-way after optical processor first, removes a local oscillator sideband respectively per road, as shown in Figure 3.Then two
Road signal is respectively
EOP1,1(t)∝cos(2πfct+πkt2)-cos(2πfct+2πfet) (8)
EOP1,2(t)∝cos(2πfct+πkt2)-cos(2πfct-2πfet) (9)
Two paths of signals respectively enters photodetector and carries out opto-electronic conversion, using power amplification to get to horizontal polarization
(H) excitation signal waveforms of antenna and vertical polarization (V) antenna
Wherein PD () represent respectively because the limitation of photodetector response speed and AC coupled due to cast out optical frequency component and
The operation of DC component.As it can be seen that it is f that the transmitting signal generated, which is two-way centre frequency,e, chirp rate is respectively the line of-k and k
Property frequency-modulated wave.
Receiving terminal also has each one of horizontal and vertical poliarizing antenna, may be dissipated under the excitation that polarizes for receiving target at two kinds
Tetra- kinds of echoes of HH, HV, VH, the VV penetrated (receiving terminal polarization mode preceding, transmitting terminal polarization mode is rear).For the sake of simplification, now only
There are one considering target only the case where scattering point.At this point, the signal that two antennas receive is：
H antennas (level)：
V antennas (vertical)：Wherein Δ ti
Indicate the delay of echo-signal,(i=1,3 when take negative sign, i=2,4 when take positive sign) indicates echo
The additional phase of signal, ηHH、ηHV、ηVH、ηVVThe intensity of each road echo-signal is indicated respectively.Two antenna received signals pass through
Area of light is admitted to after low-noise amplifier respectively and removes oblique and polarization response separation module, and by dividing multiplexing mach zhender modulation partially
Two sub- modulators of device are to being divided into the light carrier E of two polarization statesPBS1Carry out intensity modulated (retaining carrier component).With SHHLetter
For number, through SHHModulated optical signal such as (13) formula indicates：
Notice modulated signal componentFrequency fc+fe+kΔt1In
Containing the signal delayed data for representing target range, and with carrier component cos (2 π fct+2πfeT) frequency fc+feIt is close.Together
Reason, SVHThere is signal component after ovennodulationIts frequency fc+fe+kΔt3In contain
The location information of target, and with carrier component cos (2 π fct+2πfeT) frequency fc+feIt is close.
For SHV、SVV, signal can be obtained respectively after modulationWithIts target position information is respectively in frequency fc-fe+kΔt2With fc-fe+kΔt4
In, and with carrier component cos (2 π fct-2πfeT) frequency fc-feIt is close.It therefore can be by optical processor second respectively in frequency fc
+fePunishment separates out SHH、SVHCorresponding echo information, and in frequency fc-fePunishment separates out SHV、SVVCorresponding echo information is completed
The separation of polarization response.Modulated signal by being divided into two-way after optical processor second, as shown in figure 4, wherein per all the way all because
For divide multiplexing partially and there are two independent signal：
Wherein, EHHOP2,1With EVHOP2,1Respectively on two mutually perpendicular polarization states, EHVOP2,2With EVVOP2, 2 also distinguish
On two mutually perpendicular polarization states.Polarization beam apparatus 2 and 3 Jiang Zhe, tetra- road Signal separators can be utilized at this time and pass through light
Electric explorer carries out opto-electronic conversion, then removes DC component and fast tetra- road signals of darkening frequency component Hou that detector cannot respond to
For
The intermediate frequency component after signal is gone tiltedly has been obtained at this time.Prolonging for signal can be obtained by Fourier analysis based on this
When, i.e. the range information of target, and the doppler information of target can be obtained by the phase relation between multiple coherent pulses.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of microwave photon polarization radar detection method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1 carries out upconversion process to light carrier, complex base band signal and RF local oscillator signal in area of light, generates two-way phase
Mutually orthogonal radiofrequency signal and all the way light reference signal；The light carrier is that frequency is fcSingle-tone optical signal；The plural number
Baseband signal is frequency range-B/2~+B/2, and chirp rate is the linear FM signal of k；The RF local oscillator signal is frequency
For fmSingle-tone radiofrequency signal；Frequency f centered on the mutually orthogonal radiofrequency signal of the two-waye, bandwidth B, chirp rate difference
For the linear FM signal of ± k, wherein feIt is fmIntegral multiple；The smooth reference signal is by cos (2 π fct-2πfet)、cos(2π
fct+πkt2)、cos(2πfct+2πfeT) these three components superposition is constituted；
The mutually orthogonal radiofrequency signal of two-way is respectively fed to horizontally-polarized antenna and vertical polarized antenna by step 2, is radiated simultaneously
Go out the orthogonal polarized electromagnetic wave of two-way to irradiate target；The echo of target is received with horizontally-polarized antenna and vertical polarized antenna,
Obtain two-way echo-signal；
Step 3 in area of light tiltedly detach with polarization response to obtained two-way echo-signal and the smooth reference signal
Processing, is corresponded to four road intermediate frequency analog electrical signals of four elements in target polarization scattering matrix respectively；
Step 4 handles the four roads intermediate frequency analog electrical signal, obtains target acquisition information.
2. method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the upconversion process is specific as follows：
The RF local oscillator signal and the complex base band signal are modulated to by step 101 respectively in two polarization states of X and Y
On the light carrier, the optical signal component of complex base band signal is generated in a polarization state wherein, in another polarization state
Generate the optical sideband component of two RF local oscillator signals；
Step 102 will be divided into two-way after the modulated optical signal superposition in two polarization states of X and Y, will wherein be superimposed optical signal all the way
It is divided into two-way, removes the optical sideband component of a RF local oscillator signal respectively per road, be then respectively converted into electric signal, that is, generate
The mutually orthogonal radiofrequency signal of the two-way；In addition it is superimposed optical signal all the way as the smooth reference signal.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that by the way that multiplexing double parallel MZ Mach-Zehnder setting will be divided partially
For local oscillator overtone mode or local oscillator, overtone mode does not realize the step 101, specific as follows：
Local oscillator overtone mode：Two sub- modulators in one of polarization state are all offset to maximum point, two sub- modulators
Synthesis arm is offset to smallest point, and two modulation ports connect what the RF local oscillator signal generated after 90 ° of microwave bridges respectively
The local oscillation signal that two-way difference is 90 °；Two sub- modulators in another polarization state are all offset to smallest point, two son modulation
The synthesis arm of device is offset to orthogonal points, and two modulation ports connect I, Q two-way that the complex base band signal resolves into and believe in fact respectively
Number；
Local oscillator not overtone mode：Two sub- modulators in one of polarization state are all offset to smallest point, two sub- modulators
Synthesis arm be offset to arbitrary point, one in two modulation ports connects the RF local oscillator signal, another modulation port connects
Matched load does not connect；Two sub- modulators in another polarization state are all offset to smallest point, the synthesis of two sub- modulators
Arm is offset to orthogonal points, and two modulation ports connect I, Q two-way real signal that complex base band signal resolves into respectively.
4. method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that it is described to be wherein superimposed optical signal all the way and be divided into two-way, per road point
Not Qu Chu a RF local oscillator signal optical sideband component, realized especially by following manner：One 1:1 optical power distributor connection two
A optical band pass filter either multichannel programmable optical filter or optical wavelength division multiplexing demultiplexer.
5. method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described to go oblique and polarization response separating treatment specific as follows：
The signal that two horizontal polarization, vertical polarization antennas receive is modulated to two polarization states of X and Y by step 301 respectively,
Electro-optic conversion is completed to go tiltedly with area of light；
Step 302 goes in oblique optical signal to pick out positive slope linear frequency modulation radiofrequency signal from completion electro-optic conversion with area of light
That goes bevel edge band and negative slope linear frequency modulation radiofrequency signal removes bevel edge band, then carries out polarization demultiplexing, opto-electronic conversion respectively, obtains
To four road intermediate frequency analog electrical signals of four elements corresponded to respectively in target polarization scattering matrix.
6. a kind of microwave photon polarization radar, which is characterized in that including：
Area of light signal up-converter module, for carrying out upper change in area of light to light carrier, complex base band signal and RF local oscillator signal
Frequency is handled, and generates the mutually orthogonal radiofrequency signal of two-way and all the way light reference signal；The light carrier is that frequency is fcList
Sound optical signal；The complex base band signal is frequency range-B/2~+B/2, and chirp rate is the linear FM signal of k；It is described
RF local oscillator signal is that frequency is fmSingle-tone radiofrequency signal；Frequency f centered on the mutually orthogonal radiofrequency signal of the two-waye, band
Width is B, and chirp rate is respectively the linear FM signal of ± k, wherein feIt is fmIntegral multiple；The smooth reference signal is by cos (2
πfct-2πfet)、cos(2πfct+πkt2)、cos(2πfct+2πfeT) these three components superposition is constituted；
Horizontally-polarized antenna and vertical polarized antenna, for the mutually orthogonal radiofrequency signal of two-way to be given off the orthogonal pole of two-way
Change electromagnetic wave to irradiate target, and receive the echo of target, obtains two-way echo-signal；
Area of light go tiltedly and polarization separation module, be used for obtained two-way echo-signal and the smooth reference signal area of light into
Row goes oblique and polarization response separating treatment, is corresponded to four road intermediate frequency moulds of four elements in target polarization scattering matrix respectively
Quasi- electric signal；
Data processing module obtains target acquisition information for handling the four roads intermediate frequency analog electrical signal.
7. microwave photon polarization radar as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the area of light signal up-converter module packet
It includes：
Electro-optical Modulation module, for respectively believing the RF local oscillator signal and the complex baseband in two polarization states of X and Y
It number is modulated on the light carrier, the optical signal component of complex base band signal is generated in a polarization state wherein, at another
The optical sideband component of two RF local oscillator signals is generated in polarization state；
Polarization beam apparatus, for two-way will to be divided into after the modulated optical signal superposition in two polarization states of X and Y；
Optical processor, the optical signal that is wherein superimposed all the way for exporting polarization beam apparatus are divided into two-way, one are removed respectively per road
The optical sideband component of a RF local oscillator signal；
Photoelectric conversion module, the two ways of optical signals for being exported to optical processor carry out opto-electronic conversion.
8. microwave photon polarization radar as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the Electro-optical Modulation module is to be set as this
Point multiplexing double parallel MZ Mach-Zehnder partially of overtone mode or the local oscillator of shaking not overtone mode, the local oscillator overtone mode and
Overtone mode is not specific as follows for local oscillator：
Local oscillator overtone mode：Two sub- modulators in one of polarization state are all offset to maximum point, two sub- modulators
Synthesis arm is offset to smallest point, and two modulation ports connect what the RF local oscillator signal generated after 90 ° of microwave bridges respectively
The local oscillation signal that two-way difference is 90 °；Two sub- modulators in another polarization state are all offset to smallest point, two son modulation
The synthesis arm of device is offset to orthogonal points, and two modulation ports connect I, Q two-way that the complex base band signal resolves into and believe in fact respectively
Number；
Local oscillator not overtone mode：Two sub- modulators in one of polarization state are all offset to smallest point, two sub- modulators
Synthesis arm be offset to arbitrary point, one in two modulation ports connects the RF local oscillator signal, another modulation port connects
Matched load does not connect；Two sub- modulators in another polarization state are all offset to smallest point, the synthesis of two sub- modulators
Arm is offset to orthogonal points, and two modulation ports connect I, Q two-way real signal that complex base band signal resolves into respectively.
9. microwave photon polarization radar as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the optical processor is specially：One 1:1
Optical power distributor connects two optical band pass filters either multichannel programmable optical filter or optical wavelength division multiplexing demultiplexer.
10. microwave photon polarization radar as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the area of light removes oblique and polarization separation mould
Block includes：
Electro-optical Modulation module, for respectively receiving two horizontal polarization, vertical polarization antennas in two polarization states of X and Y
Signal be modulated to respectively in the smooth reference signal, complete electro-optic conversion and area of light and go tiltedly；
Optical processor picks out positive slope linear frequency modulation radio frequency letter for being gone in oblique optical signal with area of light from completion electro-optic conversion
Number go bevel edge band and negative slope linear frequency modulation radiofrequency signal remove bevel edge band；
Two polarization beam apparatus, for removing bevel edge band and negative slope linear frequency modulation to positive slope linear frequency modulation radiofrequency signal respectively
Radiofrequency signal goes bevel edge band to carry out polarization demultiplexing；
Photoelectric conversion module, the four road optical signals for the output of two polarization beam apparatus carry out opto-electronic conversion, are distinguished respectively
Four road intermediate frequency analog electrical signals of four elements in corresponding target polarization scattering matrix.
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