CN108746589A - A kind of preparation method of iron-based powder metallurgy parts - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of iron-based powder metallurgy parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN108746589A CN108746589A CN201810615056.6A CN201810615056A CN108746589A CN 108746589 A CN108746589 A CN 108746589A CN 201810615056 A CN201810615056 A CN 201810615056A CN 108746589 A CN108746589 A CN 108746589A
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- powder
- iron
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009702 powder compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVTGGGQQNNVMEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N OC([Fe])=O.[Ni] Chemical compound OC([Fe])=O.[Ni] QVTGGGQQNNVMEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 oxide Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B22F1/0003—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
- B22F3/1007—Atmosphere
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1035—Liquid phase sintering
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
- C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
- B22F2003/026—Mold wall lubrication or article surface lubrication
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/241—Chemical after-treatment on the surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
Abstract
The present invention relates to powder metallurgical technologies, more particularly to a kind of preparation method of iron-based powder metallurgy parts, the hole solved inside iron-based powder metallurgy parts in the prior art is big, the problem of the low and antifatigue degree difference of Surface hardened layer degree, a kind of preparation method of iron-based powder metallurgy parts include the following steps：S1, raw material is weighed；S2, atomized iron powder annealing；S3, mold smear mixture, and annealing powder is sufficiently mixed compression moulding with remaining powder obtains biscuit；S4, it is passed through protective gas into hydrogen furnace, hydrogen furnace is made to reach preset temperature value；S5, it mold and mixed-powder is put into hydrogen furnace obtains mold and first finished product；S6, first finished product is subjected to carburizing and oil processing of quenching.The present invention can improve the case hardness of iron-based powder metallurgy parts, while the center portion of iron-based powder metallurgy parts material being made to have toughness, improve the antifatigue degree of iron-based powder metallurgy parts by carrying out carburizing and oil processing of quenching to first finished product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to powder metallurgical technology more particularly to a kind of preparation methods of iron-based powder metallurgy parts.
Background technology
Powder metallurgy is a manufacture metal powder or is former using metal powder as raw material (including being mixed into non-metal powder)
Material, with the basic skills manufacture metal material of molding-sintering, the technology-oriented discipline of composite material and various types product, broad sense
On say, it further includes using the nonmetallic compounds such as oxide, nitride, carbide powder as raw material, with molding-sintering method
The technology of manufacture material or product, powder metallurgical technique is press-formed after certain die cavity is added in raw material powder, then into certain
Under the conditions of be sintered, or in specific mold sintering to obtain the technical process of product, with the development of industry, part is wanted
Ask higher and higher, such as cost, delivery cycle and noise etc. the part of mechanical processing are often difficult to meet the requirements, and powder
Metallurgy is an advanced technology that can manufacture machine components, has efficient, high-quality, accurate, low consumption and energy saving advantage, very suitable
It closes and produces various component of machine in enormous quantities, such as auto parts are difficult to be molded in particular by casting, forging the conventional methods such as machining
Or can not be molded, though and extremely uneconomic complicated shape part can be molded, using powder metallurgical technique manufactured parts, not only
High-precision, high-performance can be reached, and can ensure the stable and consistent of the precision extended on assembly line and performance, to bring
Huge techno-economic effect.A kind of ferrous based powder metallurgical is disclosed in the Chinese patent of Publication No. CN104827036A
Nickel is added in iron-based powder metallurgy parts by the preparation method of part, the patent using carboxyl iron nickel powder as nickel source, with tradition
Addition manner compare, has the following advantages：It is organized after sintering more uniformly；Powder compressibility does not decline to a great extent；It is obtained
Product nickel-rich phase is less, and performance is more preferably；The green strength higher of powder.But it generates inside the iron-based powder metallurgy parts come
Hole be open, be not closed so that the Surface hardened layer degree of part is not high, and antifatigue degree is poor.
Therefore, we have proposed a kind of preparation methods of iron-based powder metallurgy parts for solving the above problems.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the hole inside iron-based powder metallurgy parts in the prior art is big, Surface hardened layer
The problem of the low and antifatigue degree difference of degree, and a kind of preparation method of the iron-based powder metallurgy parts proposed.
A kind of preparation method of iron-based powder metallurgy parts, includes the following steps：
S1, the raw material for weighing following parts by weight：800-1000 parts of iron powder, 80-110 parts of nickel powder, 20-40 parts of chromium powder, boron powder
20-30 parts, 5-8 parts of silica flour, 1-2 parts of 2-3 parts of molybdenum powder and sulphur powder；
S2, iron powder is atomized using high-pressure water mist, atomized iron powder, nickel powder and sulphur powder is added in atomized iron powder
It is sufficiently mixed to obtain mixed-powder, mixed-powder is annealed in the atmosphere of nitrogen, obtain annealing powder；
S3, it is incited somebody to action in the surface smear last layer paraffin powder of mold and the mixture of zinc stearate powder, and using hydrogen
Mold is sintered and is cooled to room temperature, and the item in mold in high temperature and pressure is put into after powder of annealing is sufficiently mixed with remaining powder
Compression moulding under part, obtains biscuit；
S4, it is passed through protective gas into hydrogen furnace, the air in hydrogen furnace is replaced out, then hydrogen furnace is connected into electricity
Source so that the temperature in 5 areas Ge Lu reaches preset temperature value in hydrogen furnace；
S5, the inlet that mold and mixed-powder are put into hydrogen furnace after lighting the hydrogen of hydrogen furnace inlet, are closed
The entrance fire door for closing hydrogen furnace, opens the outlet fire door of hydrogen furnace, and mold is in hydrogen furnace using propeller constantly to being pushed forward
Into, when mold reach hydrogen furnace outlet fire door at when, by export fire door at ignition switch press, opened after hydrogen is lighted
Fire door is exported, is ticked mold outside hydrogen furnace using stainless steel hook, mold and first finished product are obtained after cooling, by first finished product from mould
It is taken out in tool spare；
S6, first finished product is subjected to carburizing and oil processing of quenching：First finished product is put into a confined space, with heat absorptivity coal gas
For carrier gas, carbon monoxide, the mixed gas of hydrogen and methane gas, in 850 DEG C of -900 DEG C of reaction 4h- are passed through into confined space
It the temperature of confined space is maintained at 850 DEG C after 6h places to take out after 20min-30min and be immediately placed in warm oil, it will after warm oil
It is iron-based powder metallurgy parts that first finished product, which takes out,.
Preferably, the raw material includes following parts by weight：900 parts of iron powder, 100 parts of nickel powder, 30 parts of chromium powder, 25 parts of boron powder,
1 part of 7 parts of silica flour, 2 parts of molybdenum powder and sulphur powder.
Preferably, a diameter of 40um-60um of the iron powder, a diameter of 40um-50 um of nickel powder, chromium powder it is a diameter of
50um-60um, a diameter of 60um-80um of boron powder, a diameter of 120nm-140nm of silica flour, a diameter of 40um- of molybdenum powder
70um, a diameter of 140nm-150nm of sulphur powder.
Preferably, the time of 600 DEG C -900 DEG C of the temperature of the annealing, annealing is 5h-6h；The high temperature of the high temperature and pressure
The temperature of high pressure is 1200 DEG C -1500 DEG C, and the pressure of high temperature and pressure is 800MPa-1000MPa, and the pressing time of high temperature and pressure is
6h-9h。
Preferably, the protective gas is the mixed gas of ammonia and carbon monoxide, and ammonia and carbon monoxide are mixed
It is 1 to close the volume ratio in gas：2.
Preferably, 5 areas Ge Lu are respectively from import fire door to the temperature of outlet fire door in the hydrogen furnace：1300 DEG C,
1800 DEG C, 1900 DEG C, 1870 DEG C and 1300 DEG C, the temperature in the wherein areas the first Ge Lu of hydrogen furnace is necessarily less than 1350 DEG C, hydrogen furnace
The temperature in the 3rd areas Ge Lu has to be larger than 1800 DEG C, and the temperature in the 5th areas Ge Lu of hydrogen furnace is necessarily less than 1400 DEG C.
Preferably, the entrance fire door and outlet fire door are forbidden to open simultaneously during being sintered, in order to avoid air
The generation that sets off an explosion is immersed in stove, and the propeller is made of lead screw and pushing ram, and propeller needs the machine of addition in two days
Oil, for ensuring lubricant effect.
Preferably, the heat absorptivity coal gas is the gas that nitrogen and hydrocarbon dilute methanol decomposition.
Preferably, the volume ratio of the carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane is 1：1：1.
Preferably, the temperature of the temperature oil is 50 DEG C -60 DEG C, and the time that just finished product is put into warm oil is 20min-30min.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1, of the invention, by being sintered one layer of paraffin powder and zinc stearate powder on the surface of mold, it is possible to reduce just at
Frictional force between product and mold, and paraffin powder and zinc stearate powder are adsorbed on the surface of mold, it will not be to iron-based powder
The performance of metallurgy component impacts, and substantially increases iron-based powder metallurgy parts in the efficiency being removed from the molds, reduces
Production time improves throughput rate.
2, of the invention, by adding nickel powder, chromium powder, boron powder, silica flour and molybdenum powder in iron powder, iron-based powder smelting can be improved
The density of metal parts, hardness, wearability and corrosion resistance greatly enhance the mechanical property of product, improve the city of product
Field is competitive.
3, of the invention, by the way that sulphur powder is added in iron powder, sulphur powder meeting when mixed-powder can be made to be sintered in hydrogen furnace
Form the hole that Transient liquid phase closes each raw material so that the hardness higher of finally obtained iron-based powder metallurgy parts.
4, of the invention, by into hydrogen furnace using ammonia and carbon monoxide as protective gas, it is possible to reduce iron-based powder
Decarburization phenomenon of the metallurgy component in sintering process, reduces the brittleness of iron-based powder metallurgy parts, improves iron-based powder smelting
The quality of metal parts.
5, of the invention, by carrying out carburizing and oil processing of quenching to first finished product, the table of iron-based powder metallurgy parts can be improved
Surface hardness, while making the center portion of iron-based powder metallurgy parts material that there is toughness, improve the anti-tired of iron-based powder metallurgy parts
Labor degree.
6, of the invention, simple production process, processing efficient obtains highdensity iron-based using prior powder metallurgy technique
Powdered metal parts, it is cost-effective, it is suitable for industrialization large-scale production and application.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is made further to explain with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment one：A kind of preparation method of iron-based powder metallurgy parts, includes the following steps：
S1, the raw material for weighing following parts by weight：800 parts of iron powder (a diameter of 50um of iron powder), 80 parts of nickel powder (nickel powder it is straight
Diameter is 50um), 20 parts of chromium powder (a diameter of 50um of chromium powder), 20 parts of boron powder (a diameter of 80um of boron powder), 5 parts of (silica flours of silica flour
A diameter of 1140nm), 2 parts of molybdenum powder (a diameter of 40um of molybdenum powder) and 1 part of sulphur powder (a diameter of 140nm of sulphur powder)；
S2, iron powder is atomized using high-pressure water mist, atomized iron powder, nickel powder and sulphur powder is added in atomized iron powder
Be sufficiently mixed to obtain mixed-powder, by mixed-powder in the atmosphere of nitrogen 700 DEG C annealing 5h, obtain annealing powder；
S3, it is incited somebody to action in the surface smear last layer paraffin powder of mold and the mixture of zinc stearate powder, and using hydrogen
Mold is sintered and is cooled to room temperature, and it is 1200 to be put into mold after annealing powder is sufficiently mixed with remaining powder in temperature
DEG C, pressure is compacting 8h moldings under conditions of 800MPa high temperature and pressure, obtains biscuit；
S4, the mixed gas of ammonia and carbon monoxide is passed through into hydrogen furnace as protective gas (ammonia and carbon monoxide
Volume ratio in mixed gas is 1：2), the air in hydrogen furnace is replaced out, then hydrogen furnace is powered on so that hydrogen
The temperature in 5 areas Ge Lu reaches preset temperature value in steam stove, and 5 areas Ge Lu are from import fire door to the temperature of outlet fire door in hydrogen furnace
It is respectively：1300 DEG C, 1800 DEG C, 1900 DEG C, 1870 DEG C and 1300 DEG C, the temperature in the wherein areas the first Ge Lu of hydrogen furnace is necessarily less than
1350 DEG C, the temperature in the 3rd areas Ge Lu of hydrogen furnace has to be larger than 1800 DEG C, and the temperature in the 5th areas Ge Lu of hydrogen furnace is necessarily less than 1400
℃；
S5, the inlet that mold and mixed-powder are put into hydrogen furnace after lighting the hydrogen of hydrogen furnace inlet, are closed
The entrance fire door for closing hydrogen furnace opens the outlet fire door of hydrogen furnace, and using propeller, (propeller is by lead screw in hydrogen furnace for mold
Formed with pushing ram, and propeller needs the machine oil of addition in two days, for ensuring lubricant effect) constantly push ahead, when
When mold is reached at the outlet fire door of hydrogen furnace, the ignition switch exported at fire door is pressed, outlet is opened after hydrogen is lighted
Fire door, entrance fire door and outlet fire door are forbidden to open simultaneously during being sintered, in order to avoid cause in air immersion stove quick-fried
It is fried to occur, mold is ticked outside hydrogen furnace using stainless steel hook, mold and first finished product are obtained after cooling, by first finished product from mold
Middle taking-up is spare；
S6, first finished product is subjected to carburizing and oil processing of quenching：First finished product is put into a confined space, with heat absorptivity coal gas
(gas of nitrogen and hydrocarbon dilution methanol decomposition) is carrier gas, and carbon monoxide, hydrogen and first are passed through into confined space
(volume ratio of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane is 1 to the mixed gas of alkane gas：1：1) it, is reacted confined air at 850 DEG C after 4h
Between temperature be maintained at 850 DEG C and place and take out that be immediately placed in temperature be 20min in 60 DEG C of temperature oil after 20min, will be first after warm oil
It is iron-based powder metallurgy parts that finished product, which takes out,.
Embodiment two：A kind of preparation method of iron-based powder metallurgy parts, includes the following steps：
S1, the raw material for weighing following parts by weight：900 parts of iron powder (a diameter of 40um of iron powder), 100 parts of nickel powder be (nickel powder
A diameter of 50um), 30 parts of chromium powder (a diameter of 60um of chromium powder), 25 parts of boron powder (a diameter of 80um of boron powder), 7 parts of (silicon of silica flour
A diameter of 120nm of powder), 2 parts of molybdenum powder (a diameter of 60um of molybdenum powder) and 1 part of sulphur powder (a diameter of 150nm of sulphur powder)；
S2, iron powder is atomized using high-pressure water mist, atomized iron powder, nickel powder and sulphur powder is added in atomized iron powder
Be sufficiently mixed to obtain mixed-powder, by mixed-powder in the atmosphere of nitrogen 800 DEG C annealing 6h, obtain annealing powder；
S3, it is incited somebody to action in the surface smear last layer paraffin powder of mold and the mixture of zinc stearate powder, and using hydrogen
Mold is sintered and is cooled to room temperature, and it is 1400 to be put into mold after annealing powder is sufficiently mixed with remaining powder in temperature
DEG C, pressure is compacting 7h moldings under conditions of 1000MPa high temperature and pressure, obtains biscuit；
S4, the mixed gas of ammonia and carbon monoxide is passed through into hydrogen furnace as protective gas (ammonia and carbon monoxide
Volume ratio in mixed gas is 1：2), the air in hydrogen furnace is replaced out, then hydrogen furnace is powered on so that hydrogen
The temperature in 5 areas Ge Lu reaches preset temperature value in steam stove, and 5 areas Ge Lu are from import fire door to the temperature of outlet fire door in hydrogen furnace
It is respectively：1300 DEG C, 1800 DEG C, 1900 DEG C, 1870 DEG C and 1300 DEG C, the temperature in the wherein areas the first Ge Lu of hydrogen furnace is necessarily less than
1350 DEG C, the temperature in the 3rd areas Ge Lu of hydrogen furnace has to be larger than 1800 DEG C, and the temperature in the 5th areas Ge Lu of hydrogen furnace is necessarily less than 1400
℃；
S5, the inlet that mold and mixed-powder are put into hydrogen furnace after lighting the hydrogen of hydrogen furnace inlet, are closed
The entrance fire door for closing hydrogen furnace opens the outlet fire door of hydrogen furnace, and using propeller, (propeller is by lead screw in hydrogen furnace for mold
Formed with pushing ram, and propeller needs the machine oil of addition in two days, for ensuring lubricant effect) constantly push ahead, when
When mold is reached at the outlet fire door of hydrogen furnace, the ignition switch exported at fire door is pressed, outlet is opened after hydrogen is lighted
Fire door, entrance fire door and outlet fire door are forbidden to open simultaneously during being sintered, in order to avoid cause in air immersion stove quick-fried
It is fried to occur, mold is ticked outside hydrogen furnace using stainless steel hook, mold and first finished product are obtained after cooling, by first finished product from mold
Middle taking-up is spare；
S6, first finished product is subjected to carburizing and oil processing of quenching：First finished product is put into a confined space, with heat absorptivity coal gas
(gas of nitrogen and hydrocarbon dilution methanol decomposition) is carrier gas, and carbon monoxide, hydrogen and first are passed through into confined space
(volume ratio of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane is 1 to the mixed gas of alkane gas：1：1) it, is reacted confined air at 900 DEG C after 6h
Between temperature be maintained at 850 DEG C and place and take out that be immediately placed in temperature be 30min in 50 DEG C of temperature oil after 20min, will be first after warm oil
It is iron-based powder metallurgy parts that finished product, which takes out,.
Embodiment three：A kind of preparation method of iron-based powder metallurgy parts, includes the following steps：
S1, the raw material for weighing following parts by weight：1000 parts of iron powder (a diameter of 40um of iron powder), 110 parts of nickel powder be (nickel powder
A diameter of 40um), 40 parts of chromium powder (a diameter of 50um of chromium powder), 30 parts of boron powder (a diameter of 60um of boron powder), 8 parts of (silicon of silica flour
A diameter of 120nm of powder), 3 parts of molybdenum powder (a diameter of 70um of molybdenum powder) and 2 parts of sulphur powder (a diameter of 140nm of sulphur powder)；
S2, iron powder is atomized using high-pressure water mist, atomized iron powder, nickel powder and sulphur powder is added in atomized iron powder
Be sufficiently mixed to obtain mixed-powder, by mixed-powder in the atmosphere of nitrogen 900 DEG C annealing 6h, obtain annealing powder；
S3, it is incited somebody to action in the surface smear last layer paraffin powder of mold and the mixture of zinc stearate powder, and using hydrogen
Mold is sintered and is cooled to room temperature, and it is 1500 to be put into mold after annealing powder is sufficiently mixed with remaining powder in temperature
DEG C, pressure is compacting 9h moldings under conditions of 1000MPa high temperature and pressure, obtains biscuit；
S4, the mixed gas of ammonia and carbon monoxide is passed through into hydrogen furnace as protective gas (ammonia and carbon monoxide
Volume ratio in mixed gas is 1：2), the air in hydrogen furnace is replaced out, then hydrogen furnace is powered on so that hydrogen
The temperature in 5 areas Ge Lu reaches preset temperature value in steam stove, and 5 areas Ge Lu are from import fire door to the temperature of outlet fire door in hydrogen furnace
It is respectively：1300 DEG C, 1800 DEG C, 1900 DEG C, 1870 DEG C and 1300 DEG C, the temperature in the wherein areas the first Ge Lu of hydrogen furnace is necessarily less than
1350 DEG C, the temperature in the 3rd areas Ge Lu of hydrogen furnace has to be larger than 1800 DEG C, and the temperature in the 5th areas Ge Lu of hydrogen furnace is necessarily less than 1400
℃；
S5, the inlet that mold and mixed-powder are put into hydrogen furnace after lighting the hydrogen of hydrogen furnace inlet, are closed
The entrance fire door for closing hydrogen furnace opens the outlet fire door of hydrogen furnace, and using propeller, (propeller is by lead screw in hydrogen furnace for mold
Formed with pushing ram, and propeller needs the machine oil of addition in two days, for ensuring lubricant effect) constantly push ahead, when
When mold is reached at the outlet fire door of hydrogen furnace, the ignition switch exported at fire door is pressed, outlet is opened after hydrogen is lighted
Fire door, entrance fire door and outlet fire door are forbidden to open simultaneously during being sintered, in order to avoid cause in air immersion stove quick-fried
It is fried to occur, mold is ticked outside hydrogen furnace using stainless steel hook, mold and first finished product are obtained after cooling, by first finished product from mold
Middle taking-up is spare；
S6, first finished product is subjected to carburizing and oil processing of quenching：First finished product is put into a confined space, with heat absorptivity coal gas
(gas of nitrogen and hydrocarbon dilution methanol decomposition) is carrier gas, and carbon monoxide, hydrogen and first are passed through into confined space
(volume ratio of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane is 1 to the mixed gas of alkane gas：1：1) it, is reacted confined air at 850 DEG C after 6h
Between temperature be maintained at 850 DEG C and place and take out that be immediately placed in temperature be 20min in 50 DEG C of temperature oil after 20min, will be first after warm oil
It is iron-based powder metallurgy parts that finished product, which takes out,.
Comparative example one：Sulphur powder in embodiment two is removed, and other conditions are identical as embodiment two.
Comparative example two：It is protectiveness gas by the mixed gas for being passed through ammonia and carbon monoxide in embodiment two into hydrogen furnace
(volume ratio of ammonia and carbon monoxide in mixed gas is 1 to body：2), the air in hydrogen furnace is replaced out, the step for
It omits, other steps are constant.
Comparative example three：S6 steps in embodiment two are omitted, other conditions are identical as embodiment two.
By embodiment one, embodiment two, embodiment three and comparative example one, ferrous alloy powder made of comparative example two and comparative example three
The density of last metallurgy component measures, and measurement result is as shown in Table 1：
Table one
From one result of table：Iron-based powder metallurgy parts is close made of embodiment two, comparative example one and comparative example two
Degree is maximum, followed by embodiment three and comparative example three, and the density of iron-based powder metallurgy parts made of embodiment one is minimum.
By embodiment one, embodiment two, embodiment three and comparative example one, ferrous alloy powder made of comparative example two and comparative example three
The porosity of last metallurgy component, apparent hardness, relative sintered density, tensile strength, elongation percentage and the aspect of elasticity modulus six into
Row measures, and measurement result is as shown in Table 2：
Table two
From the experimental result of table two：Manufactured iron-based powder metallurgy parts made of embodiment three than embodiment one,
The porosity of embodiment three and comparative example one, iron-based powder metallurgy parts made of comparative example two and comparative example three is small, apparent hard
Degree is high, and relative sintered density is big, and tensile strength is strong, good percentage elongation, and elasticity modulus is big.
By embodiment two, with comparative example one, iron-based powder metallurgy parts are micro- made of comparative example two and comparative example three
Hardness is MHV0.05Under conditions of measure apparent hardness (HRB) under different penetration depthes, measurement result such as table three：
| Embodiment two | Comparative example one | Comparative example two | Comparative example three | |
| Penetration depth (0mm) | 78.6 | 75.1 | 74.5 | 74.0 |
| Penetration depth (0.5mm) | 72.6 | 71.0 | 68.9 | 62.8 |
| Penetration depth (0.8mm) | 64.3 | 61.8 | 61.1 | 56.9 |
| Penetration depth (1.0mm) | 57.6 | 56.2 | 54.7 | 49.3 |
| Penetration depth (1.5mm) | 49.6 | 45.9 | 46.5 | 45.3 |
| Penetration depth (2mm) | 48.8 | 42.7 | 41.3 | 38.9 |
Table three
From the measurement result of table three：The penetration depth of iron-based powder metallurgy parts is when being continuously increased, iron-based powder
The apparent hardness of metallurgy component is constantly being reduced, but apparent hardness of the embodiment two when penetration depth is 2mm is maximum, because
The also highest of the hardness of the center portion of iron-based powder metallurgy parts made of this embodiment two, while making iron-based powder metallurgy parts material
Center portion have toughness, improve the antifatigue degree of iron-based powder metallurgy parts.
By table one, the result of table two and table three it is found that iron-based powder metallurgy parts made of embodiment two properties
It is most excellent, therefore embodiment two is highly preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of iron-based powder metallurgy parts, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
S1, the raw material for weighing following parts by weight：800-1000 parts of iron powder, 80-110 parts of nickel powder, 20-40 parts of chromium powder, boron powder 20-30
1-2 parts of part, 5-8 parts of silica flour, 2-3 parts of molybdenum powder and sulphur powder；
S2, iron powder is atomized using high-pressure water mist, atomized iron powder, nickel powder is added in atomized iron powder and sulphur powder is abundant
It is mixed to get mixed-powder, mixed-powder is annealed in the atmosphere of nitrogen, obtains annealing powder；
S3, in the surface smear last layer paraffin powder of mold and the mixture of zinc stearate powder, and using hydrogen by mold
It is sintered and is cooled to room temperature, be put into mold under conditions of high temperature and pressure after annealing powder is sufficiently mixed with remaining powder
Compression moulding obtains biscuit；
S4, it is passed through protective gas into hydrogen furnace, the air in hydrogen furnace is replaced out, then hydrogen furnace is powered on,
So that the temperature in 5 areas Ge Lu reaches preset temperature value in hydrogen furnace；
Hydrogen after lighting the hydrogen of hydrogen furnace inlet, is closed in S5, the inlet that mold and mixed-powder are put into hydrogen furnace
The entrance fire door of steam stove opens the outlet fire door of hydrogen furnace, and mold is constantly pushed ahead in hydrogen furnace using propeller, when
When mold is reached at the outlet fire door of hydrogen furnace, the ignition switch exported at fire door is pressed, outlet is opened after hydrogen is lighted
Fire door is ticked mold outside hydrogen furnace using stainless steel hook, mold and first finished product is obtained after cooling, by first finished product from mold
It takes out spare；
S6, first finished product is subjected to carburizing and oil processing of quenching：First finished product is put into a confined space, is to carry with heat absorptivity coal gas
Gas is passed through carbon monoxide, the mixed gas of hydrogen and methane gas, after 850 DEG C of -900 DEG C of reaction 4h-6h into confined space
The temperature of confined space be maintained at 850 DEG C place to take out after 20min-30min and be immediately placed in warm oil, after warm oil will just at
It is iron-based powder metallurgy parts that product, which take out,.
2. a kind of preparation method of iron-based powder metallurgy parts according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the raw material packet
Include following parts by weight：1 part of 900 parts of iron powder, 100 parts of nickel powder, 30 parts of chromium powder, 25 parts of boron powder, 7 parts of silica flour, 2 parts of molybdenum powder and sulphur powder.
3. a kind of preparation method of iron-based powder metallurgy parts according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the iron powder
A diameter of 40um-60um, a diameter of 40um-50um of nickel powder, a diameter of 50um-60um of chromium powder, a diameter of 60um- of boron powder
80um, a diameter of 120nm-140nm of silica flour, a diameter of 40um-70um of molybdenum powder, a diameter of 140nm-150nm of sulphur powder.
4. a kind of preparation method of iron-based powder metallurgy parts according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the annealing
The time of 600 DEG C -900 DEG C of temperature, annealing is 5h-6h；The temperature of the high temperature and pressure of the high temperature and pressure is 1200 DEG C -1500
DEG C, the pressure of high temperature and pressure is 800MPa-1000MPa, and the pressing time of high temperature and pressure is 6h-9h.
5. a kind of preparation method of iron-based powder metallurgy parts according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the protectiveness
Gas is the mixed gas of ammonia and carbon monoxide, and the volume ratio of ammonia and carbon monoxide in mixed gas is 1：2.
6. a kind of preparation method of iron-based powder metallurgy parts according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the hydrogen furnace
In 5 areas Ge Lu from import fire door to outlet fire door temperature be respectively：1300 DEG C, 1800 DEG C, 1900 DEG C, 1870 DEG C and 1300
DEG C, the temperature in the wherein areas the first Ge Lu of hydrogen furnace is necessarily less than 1350 DEG C, and the temperature in the 3rd areas Ge Lu of hydrogen furnace has to be larger than 1800
DEG C, the temperature in the 5th areas Ge Lu of hydrogen furnace is necessarily less than 1400 DEG C.
7. a kind of preparation method of iron-based powder metallurgy parts according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the entrance stove
Door and outlet fire door are forbidden to open simultaneously during being sintered, in case air immerses in stove the generation that sets off an explosion, it is described
Propeller is made of lead screw and pushing ram, and propeller needs the machine oil of addition in two days, for ensuring lubricant effect.
8. a kind of preparation method of iron-based powder metallurgy parts according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heat absorptivity
Coal gas is the gas that nitrogen and hydrocarbon dilute methanol decomposition.
9. a kind of preparation method of iron-based powder metallurgy parts according to claim 1, which is characterized in that an oxidation
The volume ratio of carbon, hydrogen and methane is 1：1：1.
10. a kind of preparation method of iron-based powder metallurgy parts according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the temperature oil
Temperature be 50 DEG C -60 DEG C, and the time that just finished product is put into warm oil is 20min-30min.
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