CN108739206A - A kind of method of arsenic content in reduction tobacco leaf - Google Patents
A kind of method of arsenic content in reduction tobacco leaf Download PDFInfo
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- CN108739206A CN108739206A CN201810311027.0A CN201810311027A CN108739206A CN 108739206 A CN108739206 A CN 108739206A CN 201810311027 A CN201810311027 A CN 201810311027A CN 108739206 A CN108739206 A CN 108739206A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/45—Tobacco
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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Abstract
The invention belongs to tobacco planting technical fields, and in particular to a kind of effective method for reducing heavy metal arsenic content in tobacco leaf.This method utilizes the technical principle of molybdenum antagonism arsenic, by applying trace element molybdenum during tobacco planting, to antagonism tobacco being absorbed and utilized for arsenic, specifically：After the normal seeding and seedling raising of tobacco seed, before tobacco seedlings transplant ridging, soluble molybdenum salt is uniformly sprayed（Or it can be directly dissolved in irrigation water）Into cultivating soil；Later stage carries out cultivation management according to conventional field management measure；Soluble molybdenum salt usage amount is specially：In terms of 700 ~ 1100mg/L, applied amount is in the soil：400 ~ 600L/ mus, that is, 0.28 ~ 0.66kg/ mus.The method of arsenic content has the characteristics that at low cost, simple and practicable, solid in reduction tobacco leaf provided herein, can fundamentally reduce arsenic content in tobacco leaf, can be that the stabilization of quality of tobacco and improvement are promoted and laid the foundation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tobacco planting technical fields, and in particular to a kind of effective side for reducing heavy metal arsenic content in tobacco leaf
Method.
Background technology
In environmental improvement, heavy metal refers to a kind of chemical element to human body with larger harmfulness, except generally conventional lead,
Also include metalloid element arsenic outside the metallic elements such as nickel, chromium, cadmium, main reason is that：Arsenic element enters in organism and causes
Pathology and toxicity characteristic and the property of heavy metal it is closely similar, therefore also studied usually as one of heavy metal element.
In recent years, with the attention studied for heavy metal pollution, foreign countries are to heavy metal behavior and heavy metal in tobacco
Control aspect has done numerous studies.Existing research is thought, in tobacco aspiration procedure, the heavy metal adsorbed in tobacco can pass through
Main flume enters human body, so that smoking becomes one of the important sources that smoker absorbs certain heavy metals.
Part research thinks that arsenic belongs in tobacco planting one of the main chemical elements for polluting tobacco, and arsenic is also simultaneously
One of harm to the human body chemical element the most serious.Studies have shown that if animal body absorbs excessive arsenic, body is interfered with
The eubolism of cell influences breathing and oxidation process, makes cell that lesion occur.Excessive Arsenic can also coup injury parteriole and hair
Thin vascular wall, and the easypro contracting maincenter of vasoactive, cause vascular permeability to increase, blood volume are caused to reduce, aggravate organ injury.
Therefore effectively the content of control tobacco and tobacco product arsenic is of great significance to the health risk for reducing smoker.
In plant growth, a large amount of chemical elements is needed to participate in growth, how much is foundation plant demand, can simply be divided into big
Secondary element and micro- two classes.And the difference of the soil environment due to plant growth, the content of different chemical elements in soil
Also it is different.To adapt to different growing environment, plant can according to element different in soil environment how much, for chemistry
There is centainly alternative and alternative, so that it is guaranteed that growth history is complete between the demand of element.But in general, this
Kind substitutability and alternative show difference due to the difference of floristics and growing environment, lack more unified rule,
Therefore it needs to be studied respectively for growth rhythm of the different plants in different growing environment.
For tobacco planting, since the resistance to adaptive of tobacco is stronger, thus Partial Tobacco is planted in As polluted soil,
So that arsenic content is higher in these tobacco plants, cigarette quality is reduced, while being also the health care belt of tobacco sucking crowd
Potential hazard is carried out.To reduce this risk, it is necessary in conjunction with the growth rhythm of tobacco, be changed to the planting patterns of tobacco
It is good, reduce the arsenic content in tobacco plant.
Invention content
The application is designed to provide a kind of effective method for reducing heavy metal arsenic content in tobacco leaf, to be cigarette quality
Improvement and stablize promoted lay the foundation.
Details are as follows for the technical solution that the application is taken.
A kind of method of heavy metal arsenic content in reduction tobacco leaf, the application utilize the technical principle of molybdenum antagonism arsenic, by
Apply trace element molybdenum during tobacco planting, to antagonism tobacco being absorbed and utilized for arsenic, specifically：
After the normal seeding and seedling raising of tobacco seed, before tobacco seedlings transplant ridging, soluble molybdenum salt is uniformly sprayed（Or it can be direct
It is dissolved in irrigation water）Into cultivating soil；Later stage carries out cultivation management according to conventional field management measure；
The soluble molybdenum salt usage amount, specially：After molybdenum salt is dissolved in water, in terms of 700 ~ 1100mg/L（Be preferably formulated to
900 ~ 1000mg/L concentration）, in the soil applied amount be：400 ~ 600L/ mus, that is, 0.28 ~ 0.66kg/ mus；Preferable amount is
360 ~ 540g/ mus；
The soluble molybdenum salt, for example, calcium molybdate, ammonium molybdate etc., preferably sodium molybdate（Na2MoO4·2H2O）；
The cultivating soil, arsenic content should be exceeded soil in soil, and arsenic content is, for example, specifically 0.54mg/kg in soil；
Molybdenum content should be less than crop demand critical level in soil simultaneously（Henan most area belongs to scarce molybdenum soil at present
Earth）, specifically, can efficiently use molybdenum content in soil is not higher than 0.03mg/kg.
Application of soluble molybdenum salt during tobacco cultivation, for antagonism tobacco being absorbed and utilized for arsenic.
Have studies have shown that molybdenum is the ingredient of nitrate reductase in crop body, participates in the reduction process of nitric nitrogen, can promote
Into nitrogen metabolism；Molybdenum also advantageously improves the content and stability of chlorophyll, is conducive to photosynthetic be normally carried out and enhance
Photosynthesis；Molybdenum can also improve the ability that carbohydrate, especially sucrose are flowed from leaf portion to stalk and reproductive organs, favorably
In the formation and conversion of carbohydrate.Therefore, chemical element molybdenum is essential micro member in most plants especially tobacco growing
One of element.
For tobacco planting, numerous studies show that the height of molybdenum content in soil directly affects the growth and development of tobacco
And product quality.Suitable supplement molybdenum can increase tobacco leaf oil in soil, reduce nicotine content, improve tobacco production, quality
With first-class cigarette ratio.But for nutritional ingredient reality in China's soil, other than soil near molybdenum ore, most cultivating soils
In molybdenum content it is relatively low, need additionally supplement addition.And on the other hand, for tobacco planting, whether molybdenum being capable of antagonism
The absorption of arsenic and antagonistic effect and molybdenum salt how effectively to be used then to be a lack of more detailed research report.
In conjunction with tobacco growing rule and tobacco to nutritional need, nutritional utilization rule in soil, this application provides one kind
Effectively reduce the method that is enriched with to heavy metal in soil arsenic of tobacco leaf, this method by way of additionally adding trace element molybdenum salt,
Supplement tobacco growing for micro- demand, promote tobacco growing while, effective antagonism tobacco leaf is for arsenic element
It absorbs, thereby reduces the content of arsenic in tobacco leaf.
In general, it is provided herein reduce tobacco leaf in arsenic content method have it is at low cost, simple and practicable, conscientiously may be used
By feature, can fundamentally reduce arsenic content in tobacco leaf, can be quality of tobacco stabilization and improve promoted lay the foundation, have compared with
Good practical value and popularization and application meaning.
Specific implementation mode
Explanation is further explained to the application with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
To examine the feasibility provided herein for reducing heavy metal arsenic content method in tobacco leaf, inventor to carry out corresponding cultivation
Kind experiment, is briefly discussed below.
Experimental site：The Henan counties Xu Changxiang tobacco bases show soil in base to part metals content detection in soil
Middle arsenic content is 0.54mg/kg, and Available Molybdenum in Soil content is 0.03mg/kg；
Tobacco bred：Henan tobacco region main breed Zhongyan-100 is selected, the tobacco is adaptable by force, yield is high, easily roasting property is strong etc.
Advantage；
Implantation time：Between 4 ~ October in 2016；
Experimental setup：It is carried out using field plot trial mode, each cell（Single experimental group）Area is 30m2, including blank
Control group, the first experimental group, the second experimental group totally three processing groups, every group of 5 repetitions.
Experimentation：
Tobacco seedlings are normally cultivated first；Before transplanting tobacco seedlings at the beginning of 5 months, by sodium molybdate（Na2MoO4·2H2O）It is configured to 900mg/L molybdenums
Then acid sodium aqueous solution is uniformly sprayed at soil surface according to the difference amount of spraying, wait for that soil natural air-dries, and normal transplanting rises
Ridge, epiphragma carry out field management according to tobacco leaf production specification；
Each experimental group processing mode is specific as follows：
First experimental group sprays 16L sodium molybdate aqueous solutions（It is equivalent to Na2MoO4·2H20.36kg/ mus of O）
Second experimental group sprays 24L sodium molybdate aqueous solutions（It is equivalent to Na2MoO4·2H20.54kg/ mus of O）
Blank control group sprays 24L clear water as blank control.
At the beginning of 10 months, after tobacco leaf maturation, collect tobacco plant, acquire respectively in batches when collection inferior leads, middle leaf, on
Portion's leaf, and carry out index of correlation detection.
（1）The measurement of tenor
It by the sample of picking after drying to constant weight in hot air drying oven, grinds, cross 200 mesh screens, digested with concentrated nitric acid
After processing, digestive juice icp ms（ICP-MS）Detect arsenic therein（As）, molybdenum（Mo）Content.Inspection
It is as follows that survey summarizes rear the results list：
Table 1, As, Mo content of tobacco leaf different parts（Unit, mg/kg）
Note：Data acquire tobacco sample testing result by each replicate treatment groups and summarize in table.
According to the measurement result of table 1, each processing group As content average values are taken, calculate the reduction rate of As, calculation formula is：
Reduction rate=（Blank control group As contents-processing group As contents）/ blank control group As contents；
Result of calculation is as follows：
Reduction rate of 2 sodium molybdate of table to heavy metal AS in tobacco leaf
Note：In same row, compared with the control group, " * " indicates significant difference（P ﹤ 0.05）, " * * " indicates that difference is extremely notable（P ﹤
0.01）.
No matter how much can be seen that sodium molybdate usage amount to 2 data analysis of above-mentioned table, lower part more can be significantly reduced
Arsenic content in leaf, and as sodium molybdate usage amount increases, the reducing effect of As in middle leaf and upper leaf is also gradually increased,
But it reduces the As effects in upper leaf and is better than the effect for reducing middle leaf.This experiment shows applying for a certain concentration sodium molybdate
With the content that can effectively reduce As in tobacco leaf, but with tobacco leaf position difference, reducing effect also difference.
Further, due to additionally applying molybdenum salt, it is therefore necessary to it is true to carry out further detection to the content of Mo in tobacco leaf
Fixed, specific testing result is as shown in table 3 below：
Table 3, sodium molybdate use Mo contents in rear tobacco leaf
Note：In same row, compared with the control group, " * " indicates significant difference（P ﹤ 0.05）, " * * " indicates that difference is extremely notable（P ﹤
0.01）.
3 data analysis of above-mentioned table can be seen that and extremely significantly improve cigarette after applying sodium molybdate in the experimental plot
The content of molybdenum in leaf.
（2）The measurement of routine chemical components
By the middle part of collection and top flue-cured tobacco sample, the content of total nitrogen is measured with hydrogen peroxide-sulfuric acid digestion method；According to
159 ~ 162-2002 of YC/T tobaccos and tobacco product chemical composition continuous flow method, with AA3 types Flow Analyzer to total reducing sugar, also
Raw sugar, nicotine, chlorine and potassium are measured.Specific experiment result list is as follows：
Table 4, after sodium molybdate application, middle leaf chemical composition change situation
Note：In same row, there are significant differences between different letter expression groups（P ﹤ 0.05）.
As shown in Table 4, respectively processing is respectively less than control group to middle leaf total sugar content；Content of reducing sugar respectively processing significantly less than
Control group, two experimental group group differences are not notable；The second experimental group of nicotine content is noticeably greater than control group, the first experimental group with it is right
It is not notable according to group difference；Potassium content shows the variation tendency gradually risen with the increase of molybdenum concentration, illustrates that applying molybdenum can carry
The potassium content of high flue-cured tobacco middle leaf；Potassium chlorine is found than analysis, the potassium chlorine ratio of two experimental groups is all higher than 4, is in high-quality tobacco
In content range；Respectively processing is significantly better than control to nitrogen base ratio, and is more nearly high-quality tobacco content range.
Table 5, after sodium molybdate application, Upper Leaves ' Chemical Element situation of change
Note：In same row, there are significant differences between different letter expression groups（P ﹤ 0.05）.
As shown in Table 5, respectively processing is respectively less than control to upper leaf total sugar content, and difference is aobvious compared with the control for the first experimental group
It writes；The second experimental group of content of reducing sugar is significantly higher than control group, and the first experimental group is then substantially less than control group；Nicotine content compares
Group is substantially less than the second experimental group, but not notable with the first experimental group difference；Two experimental group of chlorinity is substantially less than control group；
The variation of potassium content is identical as middle leaf, shows the variation tendency gradually risen with the increase of molybdenum concentration；By to potassium chlorine
It is found than analysis, two experimental groups are all remarkably higher than control group, and the application of molydbenum fertilizer is to improving Upper Leaf of Flue-cured Tobacco potassium chlorine than advantageous.
It in summary, can apparent antagonism after laboratory test results can be seen that by applying molybdate in cultivating soil
Enrichment of the tobacco for arsenic reduces As contents in tobacco leaf, while can improve preservative water preperation, reduces chlorinity, tobacco leaf
Chemical composition harmony is promoted, thus is conducive to improve cigarette quality.Since associated method of use is relatively simple, easy to spread,
Thus the growth and development for promotion tobacco and the enhancing of tobacco disease resistance ability are all significant, show preferable practicality
Value.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method reducing heavy metal arsenic content in tobacco leaf, which is characterized in that micro- by applying during tobacco planting
Secondary element molybdenum, to antagonism tobacco being absorbed and utilized for arsenic, specifically：
After the normal seeding and seedling raising of tobacco seed, before tobacco seedlings transplant ridging, soluble molybdenum salt is uniformly sprayed on cultivating soil
In or be directly dissolved in irrigation water and irrigate in cultivating soil；
The soluble molybdenum salt usage amount, specially：After molybdenum salt is dissolved in water, in terms of 700 ~ 1100mg/L, apply in the soil
Amount is：400 ~ 600L/ mus, that is, 0.28 ~ 0.66kg/ mus.
2. the method for reducing heavy metal arsenic content in tobacco leaf as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that soluble molybdenum salt is in soil
Middle applied amount is 360 ~ 540g/ mus.
3. the method for reducing heavy metal arsenic content in tobacco leaf as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the soluble molybdenum salt,
Specifically use one or more arbitrary proportion mixtures.
4. the method for reducing heavy metal arsenic content in tobacco leaf as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the soluble molybdenum salt choosing
From calcium molybdate, ammonium molybdate, sodium molybdate.
5. the method for reducing heavy metal arsenic content in tobacco leaf as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the cultivating soil, soil
Earth is the exceeded soil of arsenic content, and arsenic content is not less than 0.54mg/kg；Soil is to lack molybdenum soil simultaneously, can be efficiently used in soil
Molybdenum content is not higher than 0.03mg/kg.
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| CN201810311027.0A CN108739206B (en) | 2018-04-09 | 2018-04-09 | Method for reducing arsenic content in tobacco leaves |
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| CN112775178A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2021-05-11 | 人本自然身心灵调理有限公司 | Soil restoration method and structure |
| CN115415298A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-12-02 | 广西兰池环境工程有限公司 | Remediation method for arsenic heavy metal contaminated soil |
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