CN108734400A - The method that examination & approval role is arranged by role for workflow approval node - Google Patents
The method that examination & approval role is arranged by role for workflow approval node Download PDFInfo
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- CN108734400A CN108734400A CN201810495974.XA CN201810495974A CN108734400A CN 108734400 A CN108734400 A CN 108734400A CN 201810495974 A CN201810495974 A CN 201810495974A CN 108734400 A CN108734400 A CN 108734400A
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- G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
- G06Q10/0633—Workflow analysis
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- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of workflow approval nodes, and the method for examining role to be arranged by role, including:Create role included in system organization structure;Candidate role is shown when being configured to the approval node of workflow;Examination & approval role of one or more roles as the node is selected from the candidate role.In the present invention system workflow designer setting examine role when need to only select corresponding role, without paying close attention to specific user, though the user of the role association need not be reset if changing examination & approval role, simple operation, do not allow it is error-prone.The main body of review operation is role in workflow, and this role is independent individual, is changed even if employee/user occurs, the role that only need to be associated with new employee again in approval process;Either employee's power of examination and approval changes, and specific aim adjusts role's power of examination and approval, and without resetting/adjusting flow, setting is convenient, greatly improves the reliability of workflow.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to settings and management that approval node in a kind of workflow of the management software systems such as ERP examines role
The method of examination & approval role is arranged more particularly to a kind of workflow approval node by role for method.
Background technology
Access control based roles(RBAC)It is a kind of data base authority pipe the most studied in recent years, that thought is most ripe
Reason mechanism, it is considered as substituting traditional forced symmetric centralization(MAC)And self contained navigation(DAC)Ideal candidates.It passes
The flexibility of the self contained navigation of system is high but safety is low, and forced symmetric centralization is safe but limitation is too strong;It is based on
Both access controls of role have both, and are not only easy to manage and reduce complexity, cost and the probability that mistake occurs, thus
Great development has been obtained in recent years.Access control based roles(RBAC)Basic thought be according in business organization's view
Different functional posies divide different roles, and the access rights of database resource are encapsulated in role, and user is by being assigned
It gives different roles and carrys out dereference database resource.
A large amount of table and view are often all had in large-scale application system, this makes management to database resource and awards
Adaptability in tactics obtains sufficiently complex.The access and receiving and grant for permission that database resource is directly managed by user are very difficult, it is needed
User is very thorough to the understanding of database structure, and is familiar with the use of sql like language, once and application system structure or peace
Full demand is changed, and will carry out large amount of complex and cumbersome mandate changes, and is very easy to occur some and unexpected is awarded
Security breaches caused by power error.Therefore, it is that large-scale applied system design one kind is simple, efficient right management method has become
For the common requirements of system and system user.
The mechanism of authorization control of based role can carry out the access rights of system simple, efficient management, greatly
The burden and cost of System right management are reduced, and System right management is made to be more in line with the service management of application system
Specification.
However, the user authority management of traditional based role and Work-flow control method are all made of, " role is to user's a pair
It is more " relation mechanism, " role " is group/class property, i.e. a role can correspond to/be associated with multiple users, role class simultaneously
The concepts such as post/position/work post are similar to, following three kinds of forms are divided into substantially to the mandate of user right under this relation mechanism:
1, as shown in Figure 1, directly being authorized to user, the disadvantage is that heavy workload, frequent operation and trouble;Approval node in approval process
Review operation main body is user, and workflow approval node directly selects employee/user as examination & approval main body, changed when employee occurs
(Such as transfer-position is left office), all flows which is related to have to be adjusted accordingly, especially for company management people
Member, the approval process being related to is more, and the heavy workload, complicated of flow adjustment is easy error or omits, influences the normal of enterprise
Operation, or even cause unpredictable loss.
Even if only employee's power of examination and approval changes, it is also desirable to corresponding adjustment is made to the flow that the employee is related to,
There is also problems like above.
2, as shown in Fig. 2, to role(Class/group/post/work post property)It is authorized(One role can be associated with multiple
User), for user by role's acquisition permission, review operation main body is group/class property role;3, as shown in figure 3, both the above side
Formula combines.
In above statement, 2,3 are required to authorize the role of class/group property, and pass through class/group/post/work post
The role of property authorize and the mode of Work-flow control has the disadvantage that:1, operation when user right changes is difficult:In reality
During the system use on border, often because needing to be adjusted the permission of user during operation, such as:In processing person
When work permission changes, some employee's permission of role association changes, we cannot be due to the variation of individual employee's permissions
Change the permission of entire role, because the role is also associated with the unchanged employee of other permissions.Therefore in order to cope with this kind of situation,
New role is created to meet the changed employee of the permission or directly be authorized according to permission demand to the employee(It is de-
Digression color).Both the above processing mode, in the case where role-security is more, to role authorization, not only required time is long, but also
It is easy to make a mistake, user operates cumbersome and bothers, and is also easy the loss caused to system user that malfunctions.
When the power of examination and approval of employee/user changes or employee/user is detached from role, and workflow approval node is straight
Selecting selects employee/user as examination & approval main body or newly-increased role to meet the requirement of approval process.First way works as hair
Resiurce of student's work changes(Such as transfer-position is left office), all flows which is related to have to be adjusted accordingly, especially for public affairs
Administrative staff are taken charge of, the approval process being related to is more, and the heavy workload, complicated of flow adjustment is easy error or omits, influences to look forward to
The normal operation of industry, or even cause unpredictable loss.Even if only employee's power of examination and approval changes, it is also desirable to the member
The flow that work is related to makes corresponding adjustment, and there is also problems like above.The second way, newly-increased role are just related to role
Newly-built, association, authorize work, especially in the case where role is more, user of role association is also more, which role is specifically associated with
A little users are difficult to remember.
2, to remember that the concrete power limit that role includes is difficult for a long time:If the privilege feature point of role is relatively more, for a long time, very
Difficulty remembers the concrete power limit of role, it more difficult to remember the permission difference between role similar in permission, the permission of close role is also very
It is easy to obscure;To be associated with new user, how be unable to judge accurately should select to be associated with.
3, because user right changes, it will cause role's establishment is more and more(If not creating new role, can substantially increase
Add the mandate directly to user), it more difficult to distinguish the specific difference of each role-security.
4, when transfer-position, to other several users will be given to undertake by many a authority distributions of transfer-position user, then when handling
It must will be distinguished by these permissions of transfer-position user, create role to be again respectively associated with other several users, such behaviour
Make not only complicated and time consumption, but also mistake also easily occurs.
When the approval node setting of existing workflow, corresponding people is typically selected, but everyone responsibilities
It usually can all change, when Responsibility of Staff adjusts, and need to select new responsible person, be easy error.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of workflow approval nodes to be examined by role's setting
The method for criticizing role need to only select corresponding role, simple operation when role is examined in setting.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:Examination & approval are arranged by role in workflow approval node
The method of role, including:Create role included in system organization structure;It is shown when being configured to the approval node of workflow
Show candidate role;Examination & approval role of one or more roles as the node is selected from the candidate role.
Preferably, each role is independent individual rather than group/class, and the same period, one role can only be associated with uniquely
User, and a user-association one or more role.
Preferably, the generation method of the workflow includes:Three layers of mechanism model of user-role-permission are built,
In:Role's layer:The operating main body of workflow examination and approval is role in workflow, and each role is independent individual rather than group/class, together
One role of period one can only be associated with unique user, and a user-association one or more role;Permission layer:By workflow
Permission needed in execution is constituted, and permission directly licenses to role;Client layer:User determines work by associated role
Examination & approval task in flowing, and review operation is carried out with the permission of association role;Workflow is carried out using Three-tier Architecture Model
Control, an approval process include a start node, at least one approval node, an end node, wherein:Start to save
Point:Approval process starts;Approval node:Power of examination and approval mandate is carried out to examining role accordingly(Or setting);End node:It examines
Flow is criticized to terminate;User determines the required examination & approval task handled according to its associated role, and according to the permission of associated role
Carry out review operation.
Preferably, there is the role that workflow initiates permission that could be used as submission role initiation/application/submission workflow.
Preferably, the role belongs to department, is authorized to role according to the action of role.
Preferably, the title of the role is unique under the department, and the number of the role is unique in systems.
Preferably, when the trans-departmental transfer-position of the user, cancel being associated with for user and the role in former department, by user with newly
Role in department is associated.
Preferably, the user is defined the competence by it with being associated with for role, employee's one user account of correspondence, and one
A user account corresponds to an employee.
Preferably, the display format of the candidate role includes in list, the tree-like figure of institutional framework, institutional framework Organization Chart
It is one or more.
The method that examination & approval role is arranged by role for workflow approval node, including:It creates included in system organization structure
Role;Selection(Or setting)The setting of examination & approval role is carried out in a manner of by role;The approval node of workflow is configured
When show candidate role;Examination & approval role of one or more roles as the node is selected from the candidate role.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:(1)System workflow designer need to only select corresponding when role is examined in setting
Role as examination & approval role, without selecting specific user, even if being not required to if the user of the role association changes
Reset examination & approval role, simple operation, do not allow it is error-prone.
Citing:There are role A, role B in the administration department of company, if role A is the department manager role of administration department, is being asked
When false workflow examination & approval are arranged, it need to only select role A as examination & approval role, and without the selection associated users of role A, even if
The associated users of role A become Li Si from Zhang San, need not also re-start the setting of examination & approval role.
(2)The main body of review operation is role in workflow, and this role be it is independent individual rather than traditional group/
The role of class property changes even if employee/user occurs(Such as transfer-position is left office), only new employee need to be associated with to examination & approval again
Role in flow;Either employee's power of examination and approval changes, and specific aim adjusts role's power of examination and approval, is not necessarily to
Flow is reset/adjusts, setting is convenient, will not malfunction or omit, not interfere with the normal operation of enterprise, greatly improve work
Make the reliability flowed.It is the examination & approval authorisation body for examining link node with the role of post property, user is determined by role
It has which examination & approval task, user to carry out review operation by the permission of association role;Understand clear simple, each post
Number/role of station property is the least unit of operative body, for each role to the different demands of examination & approval, the application is equal
It can meet very well.
(3)The application role is one-to-one relationship to user, and the same period, one role can only be associated with unique user,
The advantage of doing so is that as long as associating a user to role can be obtained permission(I.e. user obtains the power of its associated role
Limit), and the permission modification of role much less than the user right change in traditional mechanism.Independent volume property(Post number/work
Position property)Role's quantity variation it is small, although employee turnover is big, the variation of post number/station number is small(Even in a timing
Do not change in section, i.e., role does not change), the rights management of user will be greatly simplified in this way, reduces the expense of system.
(4)Simple to operate, efficient, the reliability height of dynamic management, registration transfer-position etc.:Registration/leaving office/transfer-position exists
Application in approval process is simple, and the operating main body of the examination & approval of workflow is role, is not had to when employee/user changes
Reset approval process(User need to only cancel or association role:No longer hold a post the post number/station number role use
The role association is just cancelled at family, and the role in the user-association of the role post number of the catcher tenure post number/station number is then closed
The user for joining the role just obtains inter-related task and permission of the role in examination and approval workflow automatically, without to examination and approval work
Stream is reset or is authorized again to the role in workflow, and efficiency, the safety of flow setting are greatly improved
Property and reliability.
Citing:Because reasons, the Zhang San such as Zhang San user's leaving office or transfer-position no longer do the work of " purchasing agent 3 " this role, then
Zhang San eliminates to be associated with the role;In addition Li Si's catcher does the work of " purchasing agent 3 " this role, then should by Li Si's association
Role, then Li Si automatically obtained in approval process the examination & approval task and the power of examination and approval of " purchasing agent 3 " this role.
(5)It is one-to-many to user that role definition is properties, the roles such as group, work post, class by traditional rights management mechanism
Relationship, during actual system use, often because operation during need to be adjusted the permission of user, than
Such as:When handling the variation of employee's permission, the permission of some employee of role association changes, we cannot be individual because of this
The variation of employee's permission and the permission for changing entire role, because the role is also associated with the unchanged employee of other permissions.Therefore
Meet the changed employee of the permission or to the employee according to power to cope with this kind of situation or create new role
Limit demand directly authorizes(It is detached from role).Both the above processing mode, not to role authorization in the case where role-security is more
Long the time required to only, and be easy to make a mistake, user operates cumbersome and trouble, and being also easy error causes to system user
Loss.
But under the present processes, because role is an independent individual, then it can select to change role-security i.e.
It can reach purpose.The present processes while it seem that can increase workload in system initialization, but can pass through duplication etc.
Method makes it create the efficiency of role or mandate higher than tradition using group as the role of property, because without considering that property is group
Intercommunity of the role when meeting association user, application scheme can allow priority assignation clear, be illustrated;Especially used in system
After a period of time(User/role-security dynamic change), this application scheme can be that system user increases substantially system use
In rights management efficiency, keep dynamic authorization simpler, be more convenient, it is apparent, clear, improve the efficiency of priority assignation and reliable
Property.
(6)Tradition is easy error by the role authorization method of property of group, and the application method significantly reduces mandate error
Probability because the application method need to only be considered as the role of independent individual, and without considering to be associated with the group under conventional method
Which intercommunity multiple users of property role have.That user for being associated with the role is only influenced authorizing error,
And tradition can then influence all users for being associated with the role with the role of group property.Even if there is permission grant mistake, this Shen
Modification method please is simple, the time is short, and tradition needs consideration to be associated with the role with the role of group property when correcting mistake
All users permission intercommunity, not only modification trouble, complicated in the case of more than the function point is very easy to error, and very
Can only newly create role in the case of more could solve.
(7)In tradition using group as under the role authorization method of property, if the privilege feature point of role is relatively more, the time one
It is long, it is difficult to remember the concrete power limit of role, it more difficult to the permission difference between role similar in permission is remembered, to be associated with new use
Family, how be unable to judge accurately should select to be associated with.The role of the application method inherently has the property of post number/station number
Matter selects very clear.
(8)When transfer-position, to other several users will be given to undertake by many a authority distributions of transfer-position user, then when handling
It must will be distinguished by these permissions of transfer-position user, create role to be again respectively associated with other several users, such behaviour
Make not only complicated and time consumption, but also mistake also easily occurs.
The application method is then:By the several roles of transfer-position user-association, in transfer-position, cancel user and former department first
The association of interior role(These roles being cancelled can be again associated with to other users), then by user and new department
Interior role is associated.It is easy to operate, it will not malfunction.
(9)Role belongs to department, then the department of the role cannot be replaced, and why not role can replace department:Reason
By 1:Because role's property of the application is equal to a station number/post number, in the work in different stations number/post number
Appearance/permission is different, if 1 role of developer of 1 role of salesman and engineering department under sales department are completely not
Two same station number/posies number, permission are different;Reason 2:If by the affiliated function of 1 role of salesman(Sales department)
It is changed to technology department, the permission of 1 this role of sales force is constant, then there is possess sales department's permission one in technology department
Role can lead to managerial confusion and security breaches in this way.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that system directly authorizes user in background technology;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that system authorizes group/class property role in background technology;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that system directly authorizes user and is combined to group/class property role authorization in background technology;
Fig. 4 is a kind of flow chart for the method that examination & approval role is arranged by role for workflow approval node in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of workflow in the present invention;
Fig. 6 is another flow chart for the method that examination & approval role is arranged by role for workflow approval node in the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
It is as described below.
【Embodiment 1】As shown in figure 4, the method for examination & approval role is arranged by role for workflow approval node, including:Create system
Role included in institutional framework of uniting.Such as create role a, role b, role c and role d etc..
The definition of role:Role does not have a properties such as group/class/classification/post/position/work post, but non-set
Property, role have uniqueness, and role is self-existent independent individual;It is equivalent to post number in enterprises and institutions apply
(The non-post in post number herein, a post may have multiple employees simultaneously, and one post number of same period can only correspond to one
A employee).
Citing:Following role can be created in some Corporation system:General manager, vice general manager 1, vice general manager 2, Beijing sale
One manager, Beijing sell two manager, Beijing sell three managers, Shanghai sales engineer 1, Shanghai sales engineer 2, on
The incidence relation of extra large sales engineer 3, Shanghai sales engineer 4, Shanghai sales engineer 5 ... user and role:If the public affairs
Department employee Zhang San holds a post the said firm vice general manager 2, while a manager is sold in Beijing of holding a post, then Zhang San needs the associated role to be
A manager is sold in vice general manager 2 and Beijing, and Zhang San has the permission of the two roles.
The concept of traditional role is group/class/post/position/work post property, and a role can correspond to multiple users.And
The concept of the application " role " is equivalent to post number/station number, the role being also analogous in movie and television play:One role is in same a period of time
Section(Childhood, juvenile, middle age ...)It can only be played by a performer, and a performer may divide decorations polygonal.
Each role is independent individual rather than group/class, and the same period, one role can only be associated with unique user, and
One user-association one or more role.
The role belongs to department, is authorized to role according to the action of role;The role by title and
Number is constituted, and the title of the role is unique under the department, and the number of the role is unique in systems.
When the trans-departmental transfer-position of the user, cancel being associated with for user and the role in former department, will user in new department
Role be associated.After creating role, can during creating user association role, can also be created in user
It is associated at any time after the completion.The incidence relation with role can be released after user-association role at any time, can also be established at any time
With the incidence relation of other roles.
The user is defined the competence by it with being associated with for role, and an employee corresponds to a user account, a user
Account corresponds to an employee.
Candidate role is shown when being configured to the approval node of workflow.The display format of the candidate role includes row
It is one or more in the tree-like figure of table, institutional framework, institutional framework Organization Chart.Such as show role when one approval node of selection
A, role b, role c and role d are for selection.
As shown in figure 5, the generation method of the workflow includes:Three layers of mechanism model of user-role-permission are built,
Wherein:Role's layer:The operating main body of workflow examination and approval is role in workflow, and each role is independent individual rather than group/class,
One role of same period can only be associated with unique user, and a user-association one or more role;Permission layer:By working
Permission is constituted needed in stream execution, and permission directly licenses to role;Client layer:User is determined by associated role
Examination & approval task in workflow, and review operation is carried out with the permission of association role;Work is flowed into using Three-tier Architecture Model
Row control, an approval process includes a start node, at least one approval node, an end node, wherein:Start
Node:Initiation/application/submission workflow is as start node, or by first approval node as start node;Examination & approval section
Point:Power of examination and approval mandate is carried out to examining role accordingly(Or setting);End node:Approval process circulation is somebody's turn to do to when this node
Approval process terminates, and the end node is without review operation;Or using the last one approval node as end node, the knot
Shu Jiedian needs to carry out review operation;User determines the required examination & approval task handled according to its associated role, and according to association
Role permission carry out review operation.
Select one or more roles as examination & approval role from the candidate role.Role is examined to select role a
For, role a is directly selected as examination & approval role.
【Embodiment 2】The present invention will be described with the approval node setting of a workflow of asking for leave for the present embodiment.
There are role A, role B, role C, role D, role E and role F below the administration department of certain company, company is all to ask for leave
It is required for role A to examine, the setting of the approval node for workflow of asking for leave specifically includes following steps:Create role A, role
B, role C, role D, role E and role F.
Select an approval node in workflow of asking for leave, show candidate role at this time, candidate role include role A,
Role B, role C, role D, role E and role F(If there is other roles in system organization structure, these angles are also shown
Color).
Select role A as examination & approval role from candidate role.
Assuming that the associated users of role A are Zhang San, then Zhang San obtains examination & approval task and examines.
Assuming that the associated users of role A become Li Si from Zhang San, since examination & approval role is served as by role A, although role A is closed
The user of connection is changed, but is still that role A serves as examination & approval role in workflow of asking for leave, without resetting examination & approval
Role reduces workload, while reducing the possibility of error.
【Embodiment 3】As shown in fig. 6, the method for examination & approval role is arranged by role for workflow approval node, including:Create system
Role included in institutional framework of uniting;Selection(Or setting)The setting of examination & approval role is carried out in a manner of by role;To workflow
Approval node candidate role is shown when being configured;Select one or more roles as the node from the candidate role
Examination & approval role.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to described herein
Form is not to be taken as excluding other embodiments, and can be used for other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be at this
In the text contemplated scope, modifications can be made through the above teachings or related fields of technology or knowledge.And those skilled in the art institute into
Capable modifications and changes do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, then all should be in the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (10)
1. the method that examination & approval role is arranged by role for workflow approval node, which is characterized in that including:Create system organization structure
Included in role;
Candidate role is shown when being configured to the approval node of workflow;
Examination & approval role of one or more roles as the node is selected from the candidate role.
2. the method that examination & approval role is arranged by role for workflow approval node according to claim 1, which is characterized in that every
A role is independent individual rather than group/class, and one role of same period can only be associated with unique user, and a user is closed
The one or more roles of connection.
3. the method that examination & approval role is arranged by role for workflow approval node according to claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
The generation method for stating workflow includes:
Three layers of mechanism model of user-role-permission are built, wherein:Role's layer:The operating main body of workflow examination and approval is in workflow
Role, each role are independent individual rather than group/class, and one role of same period can only be associated with unique user, and one
User-association one or more role;
Permission layer:The permission needed in workflow execution is constituted, and permission directly licenses to role;
Client layer:User determines the examination & approval task in workflow by associated role, and is examined with the permission of association role
Batch operation;
Workflow is controlled using Three-tier Architecture Model, an approval process includes a start node, at least one
Approval node, an end node, wherein:Start node:Approval process starts;
Approval node:Power of examination and approval mandate is carried out to examining role accordingly;
End node:Approval process terminates;
User determines the required examination & approval task handled according to its associated role, and is examined according to the permission of associated role
Operation.
4. the method that examination & approval role is arranged by role for workflow approval node according to claim 3, which is characterized in that have
The role that workflow initiates permission could be used as submission role initiation/application/submission workflow.
5. the method that examination & approval role is arranged by role for workflow approval node according to claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
It states role and belongs to department, role is authorized according to the action of role.
6. the method that examination & approval role is arranged by role for workflow approval node according to claim 5, which is characterized in that institute
The title for stating role is unique under the department, and the number of the role is unique in systems.
7. the method that examination & approval role is arranged by role for workflow approval node according to claim 5, which is characterized in that institute
When stating the trans-departmental transfer-position of user, cancel being associated with for user and the role in former department, by role's progress in user and new department
Association.
8. the method that examination & approval role is arranged by role for workflow approval node according to claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
It states user to define the competence with being associated with for role by it, an employee corresponds to a user account, and a user account corresponds to one
A employee.
9. the method that examination & approval role is arranged by role for workflow approval node according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The display format for stating candidate role includes list, the tree-like figure of institutional framework, institutional framework Organization Chart.
10. the method that examination & approval role is arranged by role for workflow approval node, which is characterized in that including:Create system organization knot
Role included in structure;
Selection carries out the setting of examination & approval role in a manner of by role;
Candidate role is shown when being configured to the approval node of workflow;
Examination & approval role of one or more roles as the node is selected from the candidate role.
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CN2017103698767 | 2017-05-23 | ||
CN201710369876.7A CN107045675A (en) | 2017-05-23 | 2017-05-23 | The method that workflow approval node is set examination & approval role by role |
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