CN108682871A - A kind of preparation method of Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell anode catalyst - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell anode catalyst Download PDFInfo
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- CN108682871A CN108682871A CN201810463567.0A CN201810463567A CN108682871A CN 108682871 A CN108682871 A CN 108682871A CN 201810463567 A CN201810463567 A CN 201810463567A CN 108682871 A CN108682871 A CN 108682871A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9016—Oxides, hydroxides or oxygenated metallic salts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9041—Metals or alloys
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell anode catalyst, belong to field of fuel cell technology.The present invention is that carbon ball is made as carrier in raw material using glucose, and load manganese dioxide, replace part platinum, high efficiency, low cost catalyst is made, while passing through rare earth doped element, electronics is promoted to be easier to be excited migration from conduction band, the generation for promoting Lacking oxygen, greatly improves catalyst oxygen vacancy concentration, to improve its ionic conductivity, and lower synthesis temperature reduces the crystalline size of material, improves C C under cryogenic conditions and is broken efficiency;The present invention passes through TiO2Pt is cooperateed with, improves the catalytic performance of catalyst, while the CO class intermediate products that oxidation of ethanol generates easily are transferred to TiO2Nano grain surface is aoxidized, and while reducing Pt contents, can also improve catalytic activity, the stability of catalyst, and reduces the take-off potential that ethyl alcohol starts oxidation, is obtained higher current density, is improved fuel battery performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell anode catalyst, belong to field of fuel cell technology.
Background technology
In Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell, excessively high anode polarization overpotential is still one of the key factor for influencing battery performance.Second
Alcohol has higher theoretical energy density and output voltage, but due to the oxidation process of ethyl alcohol complexity, intermediate product is more, reality
Operating voltage and energy density ratio theoretical value are much lower.Solve the problems, such as that this key is to develop efficient elctro-catalyst.
Since film used by current most Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell is Nafion membrane(A kind of commercialized perfluor
Sulfonate film), inside battery is strong acidic environment, and this requires Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell anode-side elctro-catalysts must satisfy down
State requirement:(1)It is the good conductor of electricity, if the electric conductivity of elctro-catalyst itself is not good enough, must be supported on the good conductor of electricity, such as
On activated carbon or tungsten carbide.(2)Within the scope of the working electrode potential of electrode, and in the presence of alcohol fuel, tolerance electrolysis
The corrosion of matter.(3)With electrolyte membrane materials any chemical reaction does not occur under battery operating conditions for elctro-catalyst, i.e., to have
There is chemical compatibility.(4)Elctro-catalyst has high activity to ethyl alcohol electrocatalytic oxidation process.For this purpose, should consider ethyl alcohol first
The intensity of the adsorption bond formed on a catalyst will appropriateness.Absorption bond strength is too weak, and Catalyst Adsorption ethyl alcohol is very little, Er Qienan
To activate ethanol molecule;Conversely, if absorption bond strength is too strong, the intermediary or product of conversion are difficult to be desorbed, and can block anti-
The further progress answered.
Elctro-catalyst not only will have good catalytic, Gao Xuan as heterogeneous catalyst to specific electrochemical reaction
Selecting property, and the corrosion of electrolyte can be resistant in certain potential range, while there is good electron conduction.To fuel
Battery, elctro-catalyst has the function of accelerating electrochemical electrode reaction and inhibits side reaction, and catalyst of good performance is particularly heavy
It wants, it decides battery behavior when high current density discharge, service life and cost.The elctro-catalyst studied at present is mostly with Pt
Based on binary or multicomponent catalyst, the development of some catalyst have been achieved for certain progress in recent years, additionally taste
Various other non-precious metal catalysts are tried.The activity of elctro-catalyst has obtained certain raising, reduces the cost of catalyst.
Invention content
The technical problems to be solved by the invention:Keep C-C disconnected under poisoning big for Pt catalyst amounts, easy and cryogenic conditions
Less efficient problem is split, a kind of preparation method of Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell anode catalyst is provided.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
A kind of preparation method of Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell anode catalyst, specific preparation process are:
(1)It takes glucose to be added in deionized water to stir, then it is 8% liquor potassic permanganate that mass fraction, which is added dropwise, at 90~100 DEG C
Insulated and stirred, cooled and filtered take filter residue, by filter residue washing and drying, obtain carrier carbon ball;
(2)It is to be stirred in 20% salpeter solution to take gadolinium oxide, samarium oxide that mass fraction is added, and adds cerous nitrate, praseodymium nitrate, lemon
Lemon acid, continues 20~30min of stirring, obtains activating solution;
(3)It takes absolute ethyl alcohol, acetonitrile to be added in flask and be uniformly mixed, and carrier carbon ball ultrasonic disperse is added, adds metatitanic acid four
Activating solution, mass fraction is added as 1% platinum acid chloride solution after stirring 2~3h in butyl ester, is uniformly mixed and is 5% hydrogen with mass fraction
It is 8~9 that sodium hydroxide solution, which adjusts pH, stands 15~20h and obtains reaction solution;
(4)Hydro-thermal reaction in hydrothermal reaction kettle is placed reaction liquid into, cooled and filtered obtains filter cake, is done after filter cake alcohol wash water is washed
It is dry, obtain presoma;
(5)Presoma is placed in Muffle 2~3h of kiln roasting, obtains Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell anode catalyst.
Step(1)The dosage of the liquor potassic permanganate is 1.6~2.5 times of glucose quality.
Step(2)The parts by weight of each material are 0.18~0.27 part of gadolinium oxide, 0.17~0.26 part of oxygen in the activating solution
Change samarium, 10~15 parts of mass fractions are 20% salpeter solution, 2.0~2.4 parts of cerous nitrates, 0.5~1.0 part of praseodymium nitrate, 0.8~1.2
Part citric acid.
Step(3)In the reaction solution parts by weight of each raw material be 500~600 parts of absolute ethyl alcohols, 200~250 parts of acetonitriles,
2~3 parts of carrier carbon balls, 8~10 parts of butyl titanates, 4~5 portions of activating solutions, 5~8 parts of mass fractions are 1% platinum acid chloride solution.
Step(4)The hydrothermal reaction process is that hydro-thermal reaction, the hydro-thermal reaction time 10 are carried out at 120~180 DEG C
~12h.
Step(5)The roasting process is under nitrogen atmosphere, 2~3h to be roasted at 350~450 DEG C.
Compared with other methods, advantageous effects are the present invention:
(1)The present invention is that carbon ball is made as carrier in raw material, and loads manganese dioxide using glucose, replaces part platinum, is made
High efficiency, low cost catalyst, while by rare earth doped element, prepare high degree of dispersion, high activity catalyst, promote electronics
More easily be excited migration from conduction band, promote the generation of Lacking oxygen, greatly improve catalyst oxygen vacancy concentration, to improve its from
Subconductivity, and lower synthesis temperature reduces the crystalline size of material, improves C-C under cryogenic conditions and is broken efficiency;
(2)The present invention passes through TiO2Pt is cooperateed with, the catalytic performance of catalyst, while the CO classes centre production that oxidation of ethanol generates are improved
Object is easily transferred to TiO2Nano grain surface is aoxidized, and improves the mithridatism of catalyst, and add by the manganese dioxide of doping
The oxidation of fast toxicity intermediate product CO can also improve the catalytic activity of catalyst, stability and anti-while reducing Pt contents
Poisoning, and the take-off potential that ethyl alcohol starts oxidation is reduced, higher current density is obtained, fuel battery performance is improved.
Specific implementation mode
40~50g glucose is taken to be added in 2~3L deionized waters, with 300~400r/min, 20~30min of stirring, then
Under 90~100 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, 80~100g mass fractions are added dropwise as 8% liquor potassic permanganate with 1~2mL/min, are added dropwise
Subsequent continuous 4~6h of insulated and stirred, filter residue is filtered to take after being cooled to room temperature, and filter residue is washed with deionized 3~5 times, and filter residue is set
In drying box, is dried to constant weight at 120~130 DEG C, obtain carrier carbon ball, take 0.18~0.27g gadolinium oxides, 0.17~
10~15g mass fractions are added to stir 15~20min in 20% salpeter solution with 300~400r/min in 0.26g samarium oxides, then
2.0~2.4g cerous nitrates, 0.5~1.0g praseodymium nitrates is added, 0.8~1.2g citric acids continue 20~30min of stirring, must activate
Liquid takes 500~600g absolute ethyl alcohols, 200~250g acetonitriles to be added in flask and be uniformly mixed, and 2~3g carrier carbon balls is added, with
300W 20~30min of ultrasonic disperse, then under 150~180r/min stirring conditions, 8~10g butyl titanates are added, continue to stir
4~5g activating solutions are added after mixing 2~3h, 5~8g mass fractions are 1% platinum acid chloride solution, are uniformly mixed and use mass fraction
It is 8~9 to adjust pH for 5% sodium hydroxide solution, stands 15~20h, obtains reaction solution, place reaction liquid into hydrothermal reaction kettle,
Hydro-thermal reaction is carried out at 120~180 DEG C, the hydro-thermal reaction time is 10~12h, filter cake is filtered to obtain after being cooled to room temperature, use is anhydrous
Be washed with deionized 2~3 times, then be transferred in drying box after ethyl alcohol washing filter cake 2~3 times, at 120~150 DEG C it is dry extremely
Constant weight obtains presoma, and presoma is placed in Muffle furnace, under nitrogen atmosphere, 2~3h is roasted at 350~450 DEG C, is obtained directly
Connect alcohol fuel cell anode catalyst.
Example 1
It takes 40g glucose to be added in 2L deionized waters, 20min is stirred with 300r/min, then under 90 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, with 1mL/
It is 8% liquor potassic permanganate that 80g mass fractions, which are added dropwise, in min, and subsequent continuous insulated and stirred 4h is added dropwise, is filtered after being cooled to room temperature
Filter residue is taken, filter residue is washed with deionized 3 times, filter residue is placed in drying box, is dried to constant weight at 120 DEG C, obtains carrier carbon
Ball takes 0.18g gadolinium oxides, and 0.17g samarium oxides, it is to be stirred with 300r/min in 20% salpeter solution that 10g mass fractions, which are added,
15min, adds 2.0g cerous nitrates, 0.5g praseodymium nitrates, 0.8g citric acids, continues to stir 20min, obtains activating solution, take 500g without
Water-ethanol, 200g acetonitriles are added in flask and are uniformly mixed, and 2g carrier carbon balls are added, with 300W ultrasonic disperse 20min, then
Under 150r/min stirring conditions, 8g butyl titanates are added, continue that 4g activating solutions are added after stirring 2h, 5g mass fractions are 1% chlorine
Platinic acid solution, be uniformly mixed and with mass fraction be 5% sodium hydroxide solution adjust pH be 8, stand 15h, obtain reaction solution,
It places reaction liquid into hydrothermal reaction kettle, hydro-thermal reaction, the hydro-thermal reaction time 10h, after being cooled to room temperature is carried out at 120 DEG C
Filter cake is filtered to obtain, is washed with deionized 2 times after washing filter cake 2 times with absolute ethyl alcohol, then be transferred in drying box, at 120 DEG C
Drying obtains presoma, presoma is placed in Muffle furnace, under nitrogen atmosphere, roast 2h at 350 DEG C, obtain directly to constant weight
Alcohol fuel cell anode catalyst.
Example 2
It takes 45g glucose to be added in 2L deionized waters, 25min is stirred with 350r/min, then under 95 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, with 1mL/
It is 8% liquor potassic permanganate that 90g mass fractions, which are added dropwise, in min, and subsequent continuous insulated and stirred 5h is added dropwise, is filtered after being cooled to room temperature
Filter residue is taken, filter residue is washed with deionized 4 times, filter residue is placed in drying box, is dried to constant weight at 125 DEG C, obtains carrier carbon
Ball takes 0.23g gadolinium oxides, and 0.25g samarium oxides, it is to be stirred with 350r/min in 20% salpeter solution that 12g mass fractions, which are added,
18min, adds 2.2g cerous nitrates, 0.8g praseodymium nitrates, 1.0g citric acids, continues to stir 25min, obtains activating solution, take 550g without
Water-ethanol, 220g acetonitriles are added in flask and are uniformly mixed, and 2g carrier carbon balls are added, with 300W ultrasonic disperse 25min, then
Under 165r/min stirring conditions, 9g butyl titanates are added, continue that 4g activating solutions are added after stirring 2h, 6g mass fractions are 1% chlorine
Platinic acid solution, be uniformly mixed and with mass fraction be 5% sodium hydroxide solution adjust pH be 8, stand 18h, obtain reaction solution,
It places reaction liquid into hydrothermal reaction kettle, hydro-thermal reaction, the hydro-thermal reaction time 11h, after being cooled to room temperature is carried out at 150 DEG C
Filter cake is filtered to obtain, is washed with deionized 2 times after washing filter cake 2 times with absolute ethyl alcohol, then be transferred in drying box, at 135 DEG C
Drying obtains presoma, presoma is placed in Muffle furnace, under nitrogen atmosphere, roast 2h at 400 DEG C, obtain directly to constant weight
Alcohol fuel cell anode catalyst.
Example 3
It takes 50g glucose to be added in 3L deionized waters, 30min is stirred with 400r/min, then under 100 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, with
It is 8% liquor potassic permanganate that 100g mass fractions, which are added dropwise, in 2mL/min, subsequent continuous insulated and stirred 6h is added dropwise, after being cooled to room temperature
Filter residue is filtered to take, filter residue is washed with deionized 5 times, filter residue is placed in drying box, dries to constant weight, must carry at 130 DEG C
Body carbon ball takes 0.27g gadolinium oxides, and 0.26g samarium oxides, it is to be stirred with 400r/min in 20% salpeter solution that 15g mass fractions, which are added,
20min, adds 2.4g cerous nitrates, 1.0g praseodymium nitrates, 1.2g citric acids, continues to stir 30min, obtains activating solution, take 600g without
Water-ethanol, 250g acetonitriles are added in flask and are uniformly mixed, and 3g carrier carbon balls are added, with 300W ultrasonic disperse 30min, then
Under 180r/min stirring conditions, 10g butyl titanates are added, continue that 5g activating solutions are added after stirring 3h, 8g mass fractions are 1%
Platinum acid chloride solution, be uniformly mixed and with mass fraction be 5% sodium hydroxide solution adjust pH be 9, stand 20h, must react
Liquid places reaction liquid into hydrothermal reaction kettle, and hydro-thermal reaction is carried out at 180 DEG C, and the hydro-thermal reaction time 12h is cooled to room
Filter cake is filtered to obtain after temperature, is washed with deionized 3 times after washing filter cake 3 times with absolute ethyl alcohol, then be transferred in drying box, 150
It is dried to constant weight at DEG C, obtains presoma, presoma is placed in Muffle furnace, under nitrogen atmosphere, roast 3h at 450 DEG C, obtain
Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell anode catalyst.
Reference examples:The Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell anode catalyst of Beijing company production.
The Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell anode catalyst of example and reference examples is detected, specific detection is as follows:
Electro-chemical test:The electrochemical surface area of catalyst is measured using cyclic voltammetry experiment and to the oxidation characteristic of ethyl alcohol,
Activity and stability of the catalyst to oxidation of ethanol are measured with timing Current experiments.Electro-chemical test is in IM6e electrochemical operations
It is carried out on standing.
Specific testing result such as table 1.
1 performance characterization contrast table of table
Detection project | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Reference examples |
Electrochemical surface area/m2/g | 84.2 | 86.7 | 88.1 | 52.3 |
Discharge current density/mAmg﹣ 1Pt | 74.1 | 74.5 | 75.3 | 42.1 |
Peak point current/mAmg﹣ 1Pt | 657.6 | 649.2 | 701.3 | 429.3 |
As shown in Table 1, the Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell anode catalyst that prepared by the present invention has the electrochemical surface area of bigger,
And there is higher catalytic activity and stability to the catalysis oxidation of ethyl alcohol.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of preparation method of Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell anode catalyst, which is characterized in that specifically preparation process is:(1)
It takes glucose to be added in deionized water to stir, then it is that the heat preservation of 8% liquor potassic permanganate is stirred that mass fraction, which is added dropwise, at 90~100 DEG C
It mixes, cooled and filtered takes filter residue, by filter residue washing and drying, obtains carrier carbon ball;
(2)It is to be stirred in 20% salpeter solution to take gadolinium oxide, samarium oxide that mass fraction is added, and adds cerous nitrate, praseodymium nitrate, lemon
Lemon acid, continues 20~30min of stirring, obtains activating solution;
(3)It takes absolute ethyl alcohol, acetonitrile to be added in flask and be uniformly mixed, and carrier carbon ball ultrasonic disperse is added, adds metatitanic acid four
Activating solution, mass fraction is added as 1% platinum acid chloride solution after stirring 2~3h in butyl ester, is uniformly mixed and is 5% hydrogen with mass fraction
It is 8~9 that sodium hydroxide solution, which adjusts pH, stands 15~20h and obtains reaction solution;
(4)Hydro-thermal reaction in hydrothermal reaction kettle is placed reaction liquid into, cooled and filtered obtains filter cake, is done after filter cake alcohol wash water is washed
It is dry, obtain presoma;
(5)Presoma is placed in Muffle 2~3h of kiln roasting, obtains Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell anode catalyst.
2. a kind of preparation method of Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell anode catalyst as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly(1)The dosage of the liquor potassic permanganate is 1.6~2.5 times of glucose quality.
3. a kind of preparation method of Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell anode catalyst as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly(2)In the activating solution parts by weight of each material be 0.18~0.27 part of gadolinium oxide, 0.17~0.26 part of samarium oxide, 10~15
Part mass fraction is 20% salpeter solution, 2.0~2.4 parts of cerous nitrates, 0.5~1.0 part of praseodymium nitrate, 0.8~1.2 part of citric acid.
4. a kind of preparation method of Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell anode catalyst as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly(3)The parts by weight of each raw material are 500~600 parts of absolute ethyl alcohols, 200~250 parts of acetonitriles, 2~3 parts of carriers in the reaction solution
Carbon ball, 8~10 parts of butyl titanates, 4~5 portions of activating solutions, 5~8 parts of mass fractions are 1% platinum acid chloride solution.
5. a kind of preparation method of Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell anode catalyst as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly(4)The hydrothermal reaction process is that hydro-thermal reaction is carried out at 120~180 DEG C, and the hydro-thermal reaction time is 10~12h.
6. a kind of preparation method of Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell anode catalyst as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly(5)The roasting process is under nitrogen atmosphere, 2~3h to be roasted at 350~450 DEG C.
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Cited By (2)
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CN114361473A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-04-15 | 安徽元琛环保科技股份有限公司 | Ag/C/MnO2Preparation method of catalyst, prepared catalyst and application thereof |
CN114558559A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-31 | 西安交通大学 | Carbon sphere-oxide composite catalytic material and preparation method and application thereof |
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CN1378299A (en) * | 2002-01-04 | 2002-11-06 | 华南理工大学 | Non-platinum nano catalyst for direct methyl alcohol fuel battery anode and its preparing method |
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CN1378299A (en) * | 2002-01-04 | 2002-11-06 | 华南理工大学 | Non-platinum nano catalyst for direct methyl alcohol fuel battery anode and its preparing method |
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CN114361473A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-04-15 | 安徽元琛环保科技股份有限公司 | Ag/C/MnO2Preparation method of catalyst, prepared catalyst and application thereof |
CN114558559A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-31 | 西安交通大学 | Carbon sphere-oxide composite catalytic material and preparation method and application thereof |
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