CN108637250A - Aluminium alloy loss of weight part forming method - Google Patents

Aluminium alloy loss of weight part forming method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108637250A
CN108637250A CN201810325866.8A CN201810325866A CN108637250A CN 108637250 A CN108637250 A CN 108637250A CN 201810325866 A CN201810325866 A CN 201810325866A CN 108637250 A CN108637250 A CN 108637250A
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China
Prior art keywords
weight part
aluminium alloy
laser
alloy loss
powder
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CN201810325866.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108637250B (en
Inventor
薛博宇
曾献杰
梁立业
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Changshu xinshenzhou Aerospace Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Shanghai Kang Speed Metal Material Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20Direct sintering or melting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00Processes of additive manufacturing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30Process control
    • B22F10/36Process control of energy beam parameters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/70Recycling
    • B22F10/73Recycling of powder
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40Radiation means
    • B22F12/49Scanners
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/60Planarisation devices; Compression devices
    • B22F12/67Blades
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25Process efficiency

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The present embodiments relate to metalwork manufacturing fields, disclose a kind of aluminium alloy loss of weight part forming method, include the following steps:Establish aluminium alloy loss of weight part model;It is multiple lamellas by aluminium alloy loss of weight part model decomposition;One 3D printer is provided, according to aluminium alloy loss of weight part model decomposition at multiple lamellas, formulate 3D printer and correspond to the machining locus of each lamella;It is successively printed with 3D printer, and ultimately forms aluminium alloy loss of weight part.Aluminium alloy loss of weight part forming method in the present invention enables aluminum alloy to the molding of loss of weight part and is relatively easy to, is unlikely to deform, it is ensured that performance after molding, and manufacturing expense is lower.

Description

Aluminium alloy loss of weight part forming method
Technical field
The present embodiments relate to metalwork manufacturing field, more particularly to a kind of aluminium alloy loss of weight part forming method.
Background technology
In some high-end manufacturing fields, usually to manufacture some and meet certain strength condition, and reduce weight as much as possible Part, abbreviation loss of weight part, loss of weight part often by the light materials such as aluminium alloy make.Aluminium alloy loss of weight part be typically pass through by Unitary block of aluminum trigger is processed into two pieces of thin plates, in thin plate central filler polymer colloid.
Inventor has found that big with technology making aluminium alloy loss of weight part processing capacity, long processing time is costly, and by It is inconsistent in the coefficient of thermal expansion of aluminium alloy and polymer colloid, it easy tos produce and deforms and drops off, it cannot be guaranteed that the use of molded part Performance.
Invention content
Embodiment of the present invention is designed to provide a kind of aluminium alloy loss of weight part forming method, its molding is made more to hold Easily, it is unlikely to deform, it is ensured that performance after molding, and manufacturing expense is lower.
In order to solve the above technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a kind of aluminium alloy loss of weight part forming method, It is characterized in that, includes the following steps:
Establish aluminium alloy loss of weight part model;
It is multiple lamellas by the aluminium alloy loss of weight part model decomposition;
There is provided a 3D printer, according to the aluminium alloy loss of weight part model decomposition at multiple lamellas, formulate the 3D Printer corresponds to the machining locus of each lamella;
It is successively printed with the 3D printer, and ultimately forms aluminium alloy loss of weight part.
Embodiment of the present invention in terms of existing technologies, no longer passes through the filled high polymer colloid in two pieces of thin plates Mode makes loss of weight part, and through the following steps that completing the processing of thin-wall part by 3D printer:Establish aluminium alloy loss of weight part Model;It is multiple lamellas by aluminium alloy loss of weight part model decomposition;A 3D printer is provided, according to aluminium alloy loss of weight part model point Solution at multiple lamellas, formulate 3D printer and correspond to the machining locus of each lamella;It is successively printed with 3D printer, and Ultimately form aluminium alloy loss of weight part.Since aluminium alloy loss of weight part has been resolved into multiple lamellas, each lamella passes through 3D printing Machine prints, straight forming, is not necessarily to filled high polymer colloid, thus its molding is relatively easy to, and is unlikely to deform, it is also ensured that molding Performance afterwards, and it is smaller by 3D printing technique processing capacity, process time is short, and manufacturing expense substantially reduces.
In addition, the 3D printer specifically includes:Powder feeder unit, forming bin, laser galvanometer system;The powder feeder unit is used In the preset dose according to each lamella to the forming bin provide metal powder, the laser galvanometer system be used for it is described at The metal powder that lamella is preset in type storehouse carries out selective melting and solidification one by one.This processing method process time is shorter, processing Expense is relatively low.
In addition, the powder feeder unit specifically includes:For powder cabin, scraper;It is described to be used to place metal powder for powder cabin, it is described Scraper is used to be layered by default powder thickness is transported to the forming bin by the metal powder.After per complete one layer of melting and solidification, Forming bin will be transported to for the metal powder of powder cabin by scraper again, it is ensured that each layer of printing precision.
In addition, each layer of default powder thickness is identical, enabling aluminum alloy to loss of weight part being capable of stable molding.
In addition, default powder thickness is 50 microns, each layer of thickness is smaller, the aluminium alloy loss of weight part of 3D printing aftershaping Precision is higher.
In addition, the laser galvanometer system specifically includes:Laser, scanning galvanometer;The laser is for controlling laser Transmitting, the scanning galvanometer is used for the laser reflection that emits the laser to the predeterminated position in the forming bin The metal powder of default lamella carries out selective melting and solidification one by one.
In addition, the laser power that the laser is sent out when printing the aluminium alloy loss of weight part outer profile of each lamella is 250W, the outer profile molding effect of aluminium alloy loss of weight part is preferable under the power;Print the aluminium alloy loss of weight part profile of each lamella Laser power when interior entity is 450W, and the molding effect of entity is preferable in the profile of aluminium alloy loss of weight part under the power.
In addition, the sweep speed of the laser galvanometer system is 500mm/s, and light-dark cycle 0.355mm, Internal periphery amount of bias For 0.225mm, under the parameter, aluminium alloy loss of weight part molding effect is more preferable.
In addition, the 3D printer further includes powder recovering device, for recycling metal powder extra in the forming bin End can prevent the waste of metal powder.
In addition, the 3D printer specifically includes following steps when successively being printed:
The powder feeder unit provides the metal powder of the first lamella into the forming bin;
The laser galvanometer system selectively cures the metal powder of the first lamella in the forming bin;
For the forming bin relative to the galvanometer system to bottom offset, the powder feeder unit provides into the forming bin The metal powder of two lamellas;
The laser galvanometer system selectively cures the metal powder of the second lamella in the forming bin;
Two above-mentioned steps are repeated, until completing to cure the selectivity of the metal powder of last lamella in forming bin. Successively printing can ensure each lamella print quality to fortune in this way, to make thin-wall part Forming Quality after molding more It is high.
Description of the drawings
One or more embodiments are illustrated by the picture in corresponding attached drawing, these exemplary theorys The bright restriction not constituted to embodiment, the element with same reference numbers label is expressed as similar element in attached drawing, removes Non- to have special statement, composition does not limit the figure in attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is aluminium alloy loss of weight part forming method particular flow sheet in first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of 3D printer in first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is that 3D printer successively carries out printing particular flow sheet in first embodiment of the invention.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to the present invention Each embodiment be explained in detail.However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that in each embodiment party of the present invention In formula, in order to make the reader understand this application better, many technical details are proposed.But even if without these technical details And various changes and modifications based on the following respective embodiments, it can also realize the application technical solution claimed.
The first embodiment of the present invention is related to a kind of aluminium alloy loss of weight part forming method, detailed process is as shown in Figure 1:
Establish aluminium alloy loss of weight part model;
It is multiple lamellas by aluminium alloy loss of weight part model decomposition;
There is provided a 3D printer, according to aluminium alloy loss of weight part model decomposition at multiple lamellas, formulate 3D printer pair Answer the machining locus of each lamella;
It is successively printed with 3D printer, and ultimately forms aluminium alloy loss of weight part.
It should be noted that as shown in Fig. 2, the 3D printer provided specifically includes:Powder feeder unit 1, forming bin 2, laser Galvanometer system 3.Powder feeder unit 1 is used to provide metal powder, laser galvanometer system to forming bin 2 according to the preset dose of each lamella System 3 for carrying out selective melting and solidification one by one to the metal powder for presetting lamella in forming bin 2.
It is noted that powder feeder unit 1 specifically includes:For powder cabin 4, scraper 5.For powder cabin 4 for placing metal powder, This metal powder is aluminium based metal powder, and scraper 5 is used to be layered by default powder thickness is transported to forming bin 2 by metal powder. Forming bin 2 in this programme and can be with upper and lower displacement for powder cabin 4.
The basic principle of this programme is that laser beam can be navigated to preset position using laser galvanometer system, to its into The fusing of row powder becomes entity after solidification, after complete one layer of melting and solidification, that is, after a lamella printing, molding Storehouse 2 can rise one layer, then will be transported to forming bin 2 for the metal powder of powder cabin 4 by scraper 5 to next layer for powder cabin 4, Continue selective melting, until entire forming parts.Wherein, each layer of default powder thickness is all identical, is 50 microns, thickness It is smaller, it is ensured that each layer of printing precision, and keep the aluminium alloy loss of weight part precision of 3D printing aftershaping higher, it may insure simultaneously Aluminium alloy loss of weight part being capable of stable molding.
In actual motion, the sweep speed of the laser galvanometer system 3 of 3D printer is set as 500mm/s, light-dark cycle It is set as 0.355mm, Internal periphery amount of bias is set as 0.225mm, under these Parameter Conditions, aluminium alloy loss of weight part molding effect More preferably.
In present embodiment, laser galvanometer system 3 specifically includes:Laser 6, scanning galvanometer 7.Laser 6 is for controlling The transmitting of laser, the laser reflection that scanning galvanometer 7 is used to emit in laser 6 to predeterminated position is to presetting lamella in forming bin 2 Metal powder carry out selective melting and solidification one by one.Laser 6 is when printing the aluminium alloy loss of weight part outer profile of each lamella The laser power sent out is 250W, and scanning galvanometer 7 can make the spot diameter control that laser focuses at 80 μm under the power, aluminium The outer profile molding effect of alloy loss of weight part is preferable.Print the laser when entity in the aluminium alloy loss of weight part profile of each lamella Power is 450W, and scanning galvanometer 7 can make the spot diameter control that laser focuses at 125 μm under the power, aluminium alloy loss of weight The molding effect of entity is preferable in the profile of part.Aluminium alloy loss of weight part 9 after the completion of printing is made of fine and close thin bar, meets one Fixed intensity requirement, and own wt is reduced well, it can be successfully printed out directly by using the parameter in this programme The thin bar structure that diameter is 0.5mm, dimensional tolerance is ± 0.05mm.
It, can be with for recycling metal powder extra in forming bin 2 in addition, 3D printer further includes powder recovering device 8 The waste for preventing metal powder, efficiently controls cost.
It should also be noted that, in present embodiment, as shown in figure 3, being specifically included when 3D printer is successively printed Following steps:
Powder feeder unit 1 provides the metal powder of the first lamella into forming bin 2;
Laser galvanometer system 3 selectively cures the metal powder of the first lamella in forming bin 2;
For forming bin 2 relative to galvanometer system to bottom offset, powder feeder unit 1 provides the metal of the second lamella into forming bin 2 Powder;
Laser galvanometer system 3 selectively cures the metal powder of the second lamella in forming bin 2;
Two above-mentioned steps are repeated, until completing to cure the selectivity of the metal powder of last lamella in forming bin 2. Successively printing can ensure each lamella print quality to fortune in this way, to make thin-wall part Forming Quality after molding more It is high.
Thus in terms of existing technologies, it is no longer made and is subtracted by way of the filled high polymer colloid in two pieces of thin plates The mode of heavy mail, and through the following steps that the processing of thin-wall part is completed by 3D printer, due to dividing aluminium alloy loss of weight part Solution is printed at multiple lamellas, each lamella by 3D printer, straight forming, is not necessarily to filled high polymer colloid, thus its Molding is relatively easy to, and is unlikely to deform, it is also ensured that performance after molding, and it is smaller by 3D printing technique processing capacity, Process time is short, and manufacturing expense substantially reduces.Second embodiment of the present invention is related to a kind of aluminium alloy loss of weight part forming method.
Second embodiment of the present invention is related to a kind of aluminium alloy loss of weight part forming method, and second embodiment is real with first It is roughly the same to apply mode, is in place of the main distinction:In the first embodiment, with 3D printer be melted into for laser The printer of type technology.And in second embodiment of the invention, the 3D printer used is laser sintering and moulding technology Printer.Specific flow is similar to first embodiment.
Similarly, printed with the 3D printer of this form, be not necessarily to filled high polymer colloid, thus its molding compared with It is easy, is unlikely to deform, it is also ensured that performance after molding, and smaller by 3D printing technique processing capacity, when processing Between it is short, manufacturing expense substantially reduces.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the respective embodiments described above are to realize specific embodiments of the present invention, And in practical applications, can to it, various changes can be made in the form and details, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of aluminium alloy loss of weight part forming method, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
Establish aluminium alloy loss of weight part model;
It is multiple lamellas by the aluminium alloy loss of weight part model decomposition;
There is provided a 3D printer, according to the aluminium alloy loss of weight part model decomposition at multiple lamellas, formulate the 3D printing Machine corresponds to the machining locus of each lamella;
It is successively printed with the 3D printer, and ultimately forms aluminium alloy loss of weight part.
2. aluminium alloy loss of weight part forming method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the 3D printer specifically wraps It includes:Powder feeder unit, forming bin, laser galvanometer system;The powder feeder unit is used for the preset dose according to each lamella to described Forming bin provide metal powder, the laser galvanometer system be used for in the forming bin preset lamella metal powder one by one into Row selectivity melting and solidification.
3. aluminium alloy loss of weight part forming method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the powder feeder unit specifically wraps It includes:For powder cabin, scraper;
It is described to be used to be layered by default powder thickness the metal powder is defeated for placing metal powder, the scraper for powder cabin It is sent to the forming bin.
4. aluminium alloy loss of weight part forming method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that each layer of default powder thickness It is identical.
5. aluminium alloy loss of weight part forming method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the default powder thickness is 50 Micron.
6. aluminium alloy loss of weight part forming method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the laser galvanometer system is specific Including:Laser, scanning galvanometer;
The laser is used to control the transmitting of laser, and the laser reflection that the scanning galvanometer is used to emit in the laser is extremely The predeterminated position carries out selective melting and solidification one by one to the metal powder for presetting lamella in the forming bin.
7. aluminium alloy loss of weight part forming method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the laser is each in printing The laser power sent out when the aluminium alloy loss of weight part outer profile of lamella is 250W, prints the aluminium alloy loss of weight part profile of each lamella Laser power when interior entity is 450W.
8. aluminium alloy loss of weight part forming method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the laser galvanometer system is swept It is 500mm/s to retouch speed, and light-dark cycle 0.355mm, Internal periphery amount of bias is 0.225mm.
9. aluminium alloy loss of weight part forming method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the 3D printer further includes powder Last retracting device, for recycling metal powder extra in the forming bin.
10. aluminium alloy loss of weight part forming method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the 3D printer successively into Following steps are specifically included when row printing:
The powder feeder unit provides the metal powder of the first lamella into the forming bin;
The laser galvanometer system selectively cures the metal powder of the first lamella in the forming bin;
For the forming bin relative to the galvanometer system to bottom offset, the powder feeder unit provides second into the forming bin The metal powder of layer;
The laser galvanometer system selectively cures the metal powder of the second lamella in the forming bin;
Two above-mentioned steps are repeated, until completing to cure the selectivity of the metal powder of last lamella in forming bin.
CN201810325866.8A 2018-04-12 2018-04-12 Aluminum alloy weight-reducing part forming method Active CN108637250B (en)

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Cited By (1)

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CN110037813A (en) * 2019-04-24 2019-07-23 广东省材料与加工研究所 A kind of titanium-based zirconium oxide composite material medical implant and its 3D printing preparation method

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