CN108630016A - A kind of multi-functional ship automatic identification system - Google Patents
A kind of multi-functional ship automatic identification system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108630016A CN108630016A CN201810859925.XA CN201810859925A CN108630016A CN 108630016 A CN108630016 A CN 108630016A CN 201810859925 A CN201810859925 A CN 201810859925A CN 108630016 A CN108630016 A CN 108630016A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G3/00—Traffic control systems for marine craft
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
- H04W4/025—Services making use of location information using location based information parameters
- H04W4/026—Services making use of location information using location based information parameters using orientation information, e.g. compass
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
- H04W4/025—Services making use of location information using location based information parameters
- H04W4/027—Services making use of location information using location based information parameters using movement velocity, acceleration information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
- H04W4/029—Location-based management or tracking services
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of multi-functional ship automatic identification system, including ship-board unit, base station unit, data processing and display unit, wherein ship-board unit is connect with base station unit by LoRa, the data that base station unit real-time reception ship-board unit uploads, it is then forwarded to data processing and display unit, base station unit can also receive the data of data processing and display unit, and downlink is sent to ship-board unit；The present invention is filtered target ship with display unit by data processing, selectively the most related ship of push, avoids the defect that traditional AIS non-selectivities receive；This equipment can be additionally used in crewman's identification, ship moving state identification and ship's navigation Context awareness, expand the function of traditional AIS；Since the energy consumption of this equipment is small, at low cost, it is particularly suitable for using on the spitkit of enclosed waters, has filled up the blank of domestic spitkit tracing management, be conducive to improve scientific research level and provides information to aid in decision for maritime administration department.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to intelligent navigational field, specifically a kind of multi-functional ship automatic identification system.
Background technology
Ship automatic identification system（Automatic Identification System, abbreviation AIS systems）It is a kind of
It can be by ship's navigation multidate information（The speed of a ship or plane, course, accommodation etc.）With ship static information（Ship identification code, name of vessel, ship ruler
Very little and Ship Types etc.）The equipment broadcasted to neighbouring ship and neighbouring base station enables neighbouring ship and base station to slap in time
The dynamic and static sail information of all ships of Its Adjacent Waters is held, call is coordinated mutually at once when necessary, takes necessary evacuation in time
Action, to ensure the navigation safety of ship.
For this purpose, China provides, 200 gross tons to 500 gross ton coastal navigation ships, all port tugs and participation are coastal waterborne
The self-propelled ship oceangoing ship of underwater construction operation is navigated by water in 100 gross tons of inland river Changjiang River Trunk Line, Zhujiang River main line, Jinghang Canal and Huangpu River
Or more all ships and 100 gross tons tanker below and container ship should be equipped with AIS ship and carry equipment, to help ship
Enough safe navigation information is grasped during navigation, reduces the generation of maritime accidents forecast as far as possible.
However in actual use, existing AIS equipment at least has the following defects：
1, the limitation of communication modes.Existing AIS equipment is to pass through very high frequency(VHF)（Very High Frequency, referred to as " VHF "）Letter
Shipping information is broadcasted in road to neighbouring ship, and with the continuous promotion of data communication needs waterborne in recent years, AIS equipment exists
The increase of VHF band communication demands causes AIS equipment to become very crowded in usable frequency range, especially at some busy ports
Mouth and narrow water（Such as inland river or the navigation channels Gang Qu）There is the problems such as information occlusion, has seriously affected AIS equipment communication
Efficiency, lead to often to occur the phenomenon that broadcast delays can not even be sent；
2, the applicability in water areas of harbor or narrow water is not high.Since the information sender formula of existing AIS equipment is to pass through
What VHF channels carried out, i.e., this ship information can be broadcasted to neighbouring ship in synchronization in all ships in same waters,
Some water areas of harbor and narrow water can be thus happened at（Such as Yangtze River waterway, the inland rivers Zhe Bei network of rivers navigation channel）Middle ship is intensive
In the case of, there is thickly dotted " flocking together " phenomenon in the ship information shown in every AIS equipment, causes this boat crew basic
Required neighbouring shipping information can not be accurately identified, it is even more impossible to judge current security situation so that AIS equipment becomes
Then there are many ships and turns off AIS equipment privately in " chicken ribs ", to reduce the energy consumption of ship and cut operating costs；
3, since every AIS equipment needs to carry out communication broadcast by high-power VHF antennas, and it need to ensure that its broadcast distances reaches
To 15km, therefore, China's regulation, ship should configure 12A or more regulated power supplies（One emergency power supply of configuration is also needed simultaneously）To protect
The normal work of AIS equipment is demonstrate,proved, so, for some navigation in inland river or the spitkit of reservoir, due to from figure
The limitation of part（Non-transformer uses storage battery power supply）, AIS equipment is equipped with regard to relatively difficult, to limit AIS equipment small
Application in type ship navaid and supervision and management；Further, since the problem of power consumption, also increase construction and the battalion of AIS base stations
Cost is transported, which also limits the further genralrlizations of AIS.
Invention content
For applicability when solving that communication efficiency is not high, concentration of vessel is larger existing for current AIS equipment is bad and energy consumption mistake
The problems such as high, the present invention provide a kind of multi-functional ship automatic identification system, and for more traditional AIS, which imitates in communication
Rate is all had apparent advantage by applicability when larger of external interference degree, concentration of vessel and energy consumption etc..
The present invention concrete scheme be：A kind of multi-functional ship automatic identification system, including ship-board unit, base station unit,
Data processing and display unit, wherein ship-board unit are connect with base station unit by LoRa wireless telecommunications；The base station unit is real
When receive ship-board unit upload ship's navigation data, be then forwarded to data processing and display unit, the base station unit is also
The data of data processing and display unit can be received, and downlink is sent to ship-board unit.
LoRa modules, the use that ship-board unit of the present invention has main control module, connect with the main control module serial ports
In the GPS module of acquisition ship accommodation and navigational speed information, the compass sensor for obtaining ship course information, for obtaining ship
The acceleration transducer and power module of oceangoing ship movable information；The LoRa modules have data double-way transfer function, are used for data
Upload and reception；Whether the acceleration transducer judges ship in boat state according to ship motion state.
Ship-board unit of the present invention also has for obtaining the Temperature Humidity Sensor of humiture in navigation environment, being used for
The fingerprint identification module of crewman's fingerprint attendance, for the SD card module of storage vessel sail information and with data input and aobvious
Show that the display panel module of function, the SD card module are stored with ship static information, the ship static information includes that ship is known
Alias, captain, the beam, Ship Types, drauht；The display panel module is built-in with user interface, and user interacts boundary
Face at least has for showing the essential information interface of this ship sail information, for showing the dynamic electron sea of ship's navigation nearby
Figure interface, the attendance interface for showing crewman's attendance information and the acceleration interface for showing this ship multidate information；It is described
Ship-board unit is also reserved with several serial ports for connecting third party device, to obtain more comprehensive ship's navigation auxiliary letter
Breath.
SD card module of the present invention by the essential information interface typing of display panel module and can also store new
Information；The ship-board unit is at least reserved with the serial ports communicated respectively with boat-carrying weather station, boat-carrying sonar set and shipborne radar,
In case obtaining wind regime, stream condition, underkell clearance and radar detection information.
Base station unit of the present invention has the gateway of ship-board unit LoRa modules matching communication, is used for and ship-board unit
Upload and the downlink of data are carried out, the gateway also uses 3G, and either 4G or cable broadband and data processing are logical with display unit
News connection.
Data processing of the present invention and display unit include Cloud Server and application platform, and the Cloud Server is used for
It receives and the shipping information of storage base station unit upload, the application platform reads the ship's navigation that Cloud Server is stored
Information is calculated and is handled to data according to operational order, and result be presented to user.
In the present invention, a kind of multi-functional ship automatic identification system, the course of work includes the following steps：
The first step：Ship-board unit acquires shipping information, and the shipping information includes Ship dynamic situation information, ship static state
Information, crewman's attendance information and navigation environment information, the Ship dynamic situation information include accommodation, the speed of a ship or plane, course, acceleration；Institute
It includes ship identification code, Ship Types, captain, the beam, crewman and drauht information to state ship static information, and crewman can be with
The cargo type and quantity of this flight number are inputted by the user interface built in display panel module, and are stored in ship static state
In information；The navigation environment information includes humiture, wind regime, stream condition, underkell clearance and radar detection information；
Second step：The main control module of ship-board unit is respectively to Ship dynamic situation information, ship static information, crewman's attendance information and boat
Row environmental information is encoded, and the shipping information after coding is sent to base station unit by LoRa modules；
Third walks：Shipping information that base station unit receives carries out interim storage, and send information to data processing with
Display unit；
4th step：Data processing stores all shipping informations received with display unit in Cloud Server；
Data processing is called the shipping information of Cloud Server storage with the application platform in display unit and is parsed, then root
According to latitude and longitude coordinates calculate each ship of synchronization between ship away from；
5th step：Crewman is according to safe navigation demand, on the electronic chart interface of ship-board unit display panel module needed for setting
This operational order is sent to data processing and display unit by value range to be shown, ship-board unit by base station unit；
6th step：Data processing, according to the value range set in operational order, extracts the model with display unit in Cloud Server
The shipping information that synchronization is all in value is enclosed, and it is come downwards into ship-board unit by base station unit；
7th step：Ship-board unit parses the downlink shipping information received, and is shown in the electricity of display panel module
On sub- sea chart interface.
Ship dynamic situation information of the present invention is encoded according to uplink dynamic data agreement, the uplink dynamic number
It is followed successively by data length position, ship identification code bit, ship status position, preceding ship's navigation in four seconds letter according to the coded combination sequence of agreement
Cease position, rear four seconds shipping information positions, preamble bit A, preceding four seconds shipping information positions and rear four seconds ships boat
Row information position includes the speed of a ship or plane, longitude, latitude, course information, and the preamble bit A includes navigation environment information；
The ship static information is encoded according to uplink static data agreement, the code set of the uplink static data agreement
Conjunction sequence is followed successively by data length position, message authentication code position, ship identification code bit, Ship Types position, Chuan Changwei, drinking water position and attached
It includes Ship's Cargo type, cargo dead-weight to add information bit B, the preamble bit B；
Crewman's attendance information is encoded according to attendance data agreement, the coded combination of attendance data agreement sequence according to
It is secondary for data length position, ship identification code bit, fingerprint ID number position, attendance when meta position, wherein attendance when meta position be vacancy, numerical value
The time point of crewman's attendance information is received using base station unit.
The downlink shipping information that base station unit of the present invention is sent to ship-board unit is according to downlink data agreement
It is encoded, the coded combination of downlink data agreement sequence is followed successively by data length position, first ship in specified range
Second shipping information position, timestamp position in oceangoing ship sail information position, specified range, wherein first shipping information
Position and second shipping information position include ship identification code, longitude, latitude, the speed of a ship or plane, course information.
Uplink dynamic data agreement or uplink static data agreement or attendance data agreement of the present invention or lower line number
According to, per bag data of length no more than 51 byte, if data length is more than 51 bytes, needing to carry out according to dividing data in agreement
Packet protocol is handled, and the coded combination sequence of the subsection protocol is followed successively by subpackage mode bit, packet numerical digit and spare bit, wherein
Subpackage mode bit indicates whether data carry out subpackage processing, the digit of packet digit representation data packet.
Present invention has the advantage that：
1, it is communicated by the way of LoRaWAN, essence is by way of a kind of wireless transmission, by shipping information
It is uploaded to base station unit, then is come downwards to by LoRaWAN by base station unit and closes on ship, this information transmission mode changes biography
System AIS equipment needs in such a way that VHF channels are transmitted using specific broadcasting frequency into row information, completely eliminates tradition
The ship information hysteresis quality that the communication quality that is susceptible in AIS equipment communication process is poor, receives is serious and broadcasting frequency quilt
People, which occupies, generates the phenomenon that getting two or more radio stations at once, and ensure that stability, high quality, anti-interference and the safety of information transmission.
2, ship-board unit by voluntarily sensors configured, be manually entered information and with existing boat-carrying third party device communication etc.
Various ways, collection shipping information as much as possible（Including at least accommodation, the speed of a ship or plane, course, acceleration, humiture, wind
Condition, stream condition, underkell clearance, the Ship dynamic situations information such as radar detection information and ship identification code, Ship Types, captain, the beam,
The ships static informations such as crewman's identity, drauht, the cargo type of this flight number and quantity）,
In combination with base station unit and data processing and display unit, obtaining for shipping information is carried out in the form of " ship networking "
It takes and exchanges, for more traditional AIS equipment, information is more comprehensive, and function is more perfect.
3, during use, the driver of every ship can be according to the judgement of navigation environment around, on ship-board unit certainly
The operational configuration information of ship is closed in row selection respective range, and is displayed on the screen, especially in water areas of harbor and narrow
Waters avoids the ship information that traditional AIS equipment is shown and thickly dotted " flocking together " phenomenon occurs, substantially increases this equipment
Applicability.
4, more efficient using the communication modes of LoRa in terms of Energy in use, while possessing extremely low energy consumption, it can be straight
It connects and uses dry cell or rechargeable battery, equipment acquisition cost and use cost be greatly reduced, while installation volume also smaller, significantly
This equipment is improved in various ships（The especially spitkit of enclosed waters）On applicability, be conducive to this equipment each
Promotion and popularization on class ship, while also filling up the blank of domestic spitkit tracing management.
5, all shipping information data finally can all be uploaded to the Cloud Server of data processing and display unit, application
The user of platform further deeply calculates all shipping information implementation by calling the data stored in Cloud Server
And analysis, analysis result can be used for scientific research and provide information to aid in decision for maritime administration department, improve level of decision-making,
Improve water transportation environment.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
In the present embodiment, a kind of multi-functional ship automatic identification system, including ship-board unit, base station unit, data processing
With display unit, ship-board unit is connect with base station unit by LoRa wireless telecommunications, on base station unit real-time reception ship-board unit
The ship's navigation data of biography, are then forwarded to data processing and display unit, and base station unit can also receive data processing and display
The data of unit, and downlink is sent to ship-board unit.That is, triangular communication relations are：Ship-board unit is adopted with base station unit
Both-way communication is wirelessly carried out with LoRa, base station unit uses 4G networks（Also 3G network or cable broadband can be used）With data processing
Both-way communication is carried out with display unit.
In the present embodiment, ship-board unit is mounted in ship panel, is internally provided with main control module, main control module passes through
Serial ports is connected separately with LoRa modules, GPS module, compass sensor, acceleration transducer, Temperature Humidity Sensor, fingerprint collecting
Device, serial ports configuration display screen, SD card and power supply, the function and parameter of each component are as follows：
Main control module is responsible for controlling other each modular units, be coordinated and relevant logical operation, and model is selected
STM32F103RCT6, it is a kind of 32 ARM microcontrollers, gather around there are five UART/USART serial ports, two I2C interfaces, one
RS485 serial ports, a CAN interface, USB and exploitation power interface and SD/MMC decks；
LoRa modules are responsible for ship-board unit and the communication of base station unit connects, and using Class C transmission modes, have data double-way
Transfer function, is respectively used to the upload and reception of data, and model selects ELI-MD-111-B, a UART with main control module
Serial ports connects；Wherein Class C be LoRaWAN a kind of transmission mode, under Class C transmission modes, terminal node in addition to
Uplink is constantly in reception state except sending；
GPS module is responsible for collecting the real-time accommodation of ship and ship's speed, and model selects GT-U7, a UART with main control module
Serial ports connects；
Compass sensor selects HCM365B, a UART serial ports with main control module for obtaining ship course information, model
Connection；
Whether acceleration transducer judges ship in boat state successively for obtaining ship movement state information（That is anchor
Pool or navigation）, model select ADXL362, connect with an I2C interface of main control module；
Temperature Humidity Sensor is used to obtain humiture in navigation environment, and model selects DHT11, directly with main control module
GPIO pin is welded；
Fingerprint capturer is used for crewman's fingerprint attendance, and model selects ATK-AS608, connects with an I2C interface of main control module
It connects；
The model of serial ports configuration display screen selects TJC8048K070-011R, is connect with a UART serial ports of main control module, goes here and there
Mouth configuration display screen is built-in with user interface, and user interface has the essential information for showing this ship sail information
Interface, for show the dynamic electronic chart interface of neighbouring ship's navigation, the attendance interface for showing crewman's attendance information and
Acceleration interface for showing this ship multidate information；
512MB is saved as in SD card, is directly inserted into the SD/MMC decks of main control module, for ship identification number, captain, ship
The interim storage of the ships such as width, Ship Types, drauht static information and other sail informations；
Power supply selection high-capacity lithium polymer battery, model DC-1298A, output voltage 5V, capacity 10000mAh, directly
It connects and is connect with the power interface of main control module, stable electricity is provided for ship-board unit.
In addition, in the present embodiment, ship-board unit is also expanded and is connected by serial ports and boat-carrying weather station, boat-carrying sonar set
It connects, obtains weather informations and the navigation channel underkell clearance information such as wind, the stream in navigation waters successively.
In the present embodiment, base station unit is mounted on navigation channel bank or port and pier, and base station unit is built-in with gateway, should
Gateway uses the LoRa module both-way communications of LoRaWAN and ship-board unit, while single with display with data processing using 4G networks
First both-way communication, gateway model select fast imperial III generation LoRaWAN things-internet gateway, the gateway to support the Ethernet interface power supply of standard
With DC12V duplicate supplies, coverage area 15km, highest can support 100,000 node accesses, maximum that can support 16 multi-upstream access
Channel and 2 downlink sendaisles, can be used 3G/4G/ wired broadband networks and upload to Internet of Things cloud platform.
In the present embodiment, data processing includes Cloud Server and application platform with display unit, and Cloud Server is for receiving
The shipping information uploaded with storage base station unit, application platform read the shipping information that Cloud Server is stored, such as
Fruit operational order is that ship-board unit is sent out, and application platform is calculated and handled to data according to the operational order, and is passed through
Base station unit is forwarded to ship-board unit, and is shown on the corresponding interface of serial ports configuration display screen；If operational order is application
Platform background user is sent out, and application platform is calculated and handled to data according to the operational order, and result is directly aobvious
Show to background user.
In the present embodiment, the Cloud Server of data processing and display unit uses the intelligent unlimited cloud LoRaWan platforms in Wuhan,
Application platform use " wisdom maritime affairs supervising platform ", the platform have vessel traffic stream calculation, region vessel traffic stream statistics and
The functions such as ship unusual checking.
In the present embodiment, a kind of multi-functional ship automatic identification system, the course of work includes：
The first step：Ship-board unit acquires shipping information, and the shipping information includes Ship dynamic situation information, ship static state
Information, crewman's attendance information and navigation environment information, wherein Ship dynamic situation information include mainly ship by acquiring acquisition in real time
The information such as position, the speed of a ship or plane, course, acceleration, ship static information are built-in in advance and are stored in SD card, include mainly that ship is known
The information such as other code, Ship Types, captain, the beam, crewman and drauht, in addition, deck officer can also be in serial ports configuration
It is manually entered the information such as cargo type, cargo dead-weight, the ship status of current voyage in display screen and is stored in SD card, and ship is examined
Diligent information is then the finger print information for recognizable crewman's identity that crewman is acquired by fingerprint capturer, and navigation environment information includes temperature
Humidity, wind regime, stream condition, underkell clearance and radar detection information；
Second step：The main control module of ship-board unit is respectively to Ship dynamic situation information, ship static information, crewman's attendance information and boat
Row environmental information is encoded, and the shipping information after coding is sent to base station unit by LoRa modules；
Third walks：The shipping information received is carried out interim storage by base station unit, and is sent information to by gateway
Data processing and display unit；
4th step：Data processing stores all shipping informations received with display unit in Cloud Server；
Data processing is called the shipping information of Cloud Server storage with the application platform in display unit and is parsed, then root
The ship between each ship of synchronization is calculated away from computational methods are as follows according to latitude and longitude coordinates：
Assuming that at a time, the latitude and longitude coordinates of ship A are（α°β′、a°b′）, the latitude and longitude coordinates of ship B are（α1°β1′、
a1°b1′）, then the spacing H of two ships be：
H={[(α+β/60)*100000-(α1+β1/60)*100000]^2+ [(a+b/60)*100000-(a1+b1/60)*
100000]^2}^0.5
5th step：Crewman is according to safe navigation demand, on the electronic chart interface of ship-board unit display panel module needed for setting
Value range to be shown（I.e. in the range of this ship certain distance）, ship-board unit sends this operational order by base station unit
To data processing and display unit；
6th step：The application platform of data processing and display unit is according to the value range set in operational order, in Cloud Server
It is middle to extract in the value range mutually all shipping information in the same time, and it is come downwards into ship-board unit by base station unit；
7th step：Ship-board unit parses the downlink shipping information received, and is shown in the electricity of display panel module
On sub- sea chart interface.
In addition, the user of application platform can also navigate to all ships by calling the data stored in Cloud Server
Row information implements further deeply to calculate and analysis, analysis result can be used for scientific research and provided certainly for maritime administration department
Plan auxiliary information improves level of decision-making.
In above-mentioned work step, LoRaWAN agreements regulation：Of length no more than 51 bytes per bag data, and it is every
Bag data must include frame head（0xFA）, data length, check bit（CRC16H、CRC16L）, postamble（0XF5）.
In the present embodiment, uplink dynamic data agreement or uplink static data agreement or attendance data agreement or downlink data
Per of length no more than 51 byte of bag data in agreement, if data length is more than 51 bytes, need to carry out according to subpackage data
Agreement is handled, and the coded combination sequence of the subsection protocol is followed successively by subpackage mode bit, packet numerical digit and spare bit, wherein dividing
Packet mode bit indicates whether data carry out subpackage processing, the digit of packet digit representation data packet.
In the present embodiment, Ship dynamic situation information is encoded according to uplink dynamic data agreement, the uplink dynamic data
The coded combination sequence of agreement is followed successively by ship identification code bit, ship status position, shipping information position, humiture position, adds
Information bit A（Include mainly navigation environment information）, wherein shipping information position includes the speed of a ship or plane, longitude, latitude, course information,
As shown in table 1.
1 ship-board unit uplink dynamic data agreement table of table
By table 1 as it can be seen that according to LoRaWAN protocol requirements, 51 bytes are must not exceed per packet communication data, and each ship's navigation
Information（Including the speed of a ship or plane, longitude, latitude, course）Data length be 14 bytes, each navigation environment information（Including warm and humid
The extra orders such as degree, wind speed, wind direction, flow velocity, flow direction and underkell clearance）Data length be 16 bytes, and each dynamic data
It also needs to include frame head, data length, packet number, humiture, check bit, postamble totally 7 byte, so often wrapping in Mobile state data most
Include the shipping information at two moment, in the present embodiment, ship-board unit is set to upload one to gateway every 8 seconds more
Secondary data, ship-board unit is every the Ship dynamic situation information of collection in 4 seconds thus.
In the present embodiment, since there are one unique device extension unique marks for each LoRa module tool（Device
Extended Unique Identifier, abbreviation DevEUI）, in uplink dynamic data agreement, by ship identification code bit with
No. DevEUI binding of LoRa modules, the gateway of base station unit is when receiving the data that ship-board unit is sent, automatic identification LoRa
No. DevEUI of module, to obtain ship identification code information, for this purpose, in uplink dynamic data agreement, ship identification code bit
Byte number is 0.
For example, ship-board unit be uploaded to base station unit uplink dynamic data use hexadecimal code, specially 01 01
01 04 14 00 ae 7d 52 00 2e b2 f9 00 00 01 14 01 7b 00 ae 7d 54 00 2e b2 f8 00
00 01 14 1b, 03 32 ea, the composition of each section are respectively：
01, LoRaWAN uplink dynamic data agreement packet header, 1 byte；
01, the packet number of the data, 1 byte is indicated without carrying out subpackage；
01, ship status, 1 byte indicates that ship is in boat state；
0414, the speed of a ship or plane, 2 bytes indicate four seconds speed of a ship or plane before acquired ship；
00ae7d52, longitude, 4 bytes indicate the longitude at four seconds accommodations before acquired ship；
002eb2f9, latitude, 4 bytes indicate the latitude at four seconds accommodations before acquired ship；
00000114, course, 4 bytes indicate four seconds courses before acquired ship；
017b, the speed of a ship or plane, 2 bytes indicate four seconds speed of a ship or plane after acquired ship；
00ae7d54, longitude, 4 bytes indicate the longitude at four seconds accommodations after acquired ship；
002eb2f8, latitude, 4 bytes indicate the latitude at four seconds accommodations after acquired ship；
00000114, course, 4 bytes indicate four seconds courses before acquired ship；
1b0332ea, humiture, 4 bytes indicate the temperature and humidity around current time ship.
In the present embodiment, ship static information is encoded according to uplink static data agreement, coded combination sequence according to
Secondary is message authentication code position, ship identification code bit, Ship Types position, Chuan Changwei, drinking water position, ship navigation state position and additional letter
Cease position B（Include mainly the information such as Ship's Cargo type, cargo dead-weight）, as shown in table 2；It equally, will in uplink static data agreement
No. DevEUI binding of ship identification code bit and LoRa modules, the gateway of base station unit is in the data for receiving ship-board unit transmission
When, No. DevEUI of automatic identification LoRa modules, to obtain ship identification code information, for this purpose, in uplink static data agreement,
The byte number of ship identification code bit is 0.
2 ship-board unit uplink ship static data agreement table of table
In the present embodiment, crewman's attendance information is encoded according to attendance data agreement, per bag data in attendance data agreement
Length is 7 bytes, meta position when coded combination sequence is followed successively by ship identification code bit, fingerprint ID number position, attendance, such as 3 institute of table
Show.
3 crewman's fingerprint attendance data protocol of table
Meta position receives the time of crewman's attendance information using base station unit when attendance, therefore in attendance data agreement, when attendance
The byte number of meta position is 0；Equally, in attendance data agreement, by No. DevEUI binding of ship identification code bit and LoRa modules, base
Stand unit gateway receive ship-board unit send data when, No. DevEUI of automatic identification LoRa modules, to obtain ship
Information of identification code, for this purpose, in attendance data agreement, the byte number of ship identification code bit is 0.
In the present embodiment, downlink shipping information that base station unit is sent to ship-board unit according to downlink data agreement into
The coded combination sequence of row coding, the downlink data agreement is followed successively by yard number, ship identification code, longitude, latitude, boat
Speed, course, as shown in table 4.
4 base station unit downlink data agreement table of table
By table 4 as it can be seen that the shipping information data length reserved in downlink data agreement is 38 bytes, and each ship
The data length of sail information is 16 bytes, includes two ships in specified range in every downlink data protocol data packet thus
Oceangoing ship sail information.In the present embodiment, gateway is set to every 10 milliseconds to data of ship-board unit downlink.
For example, base station unit come downwards to ship-board unit shipping information use hexadecimal code, specially 01 05
D1 00 ac 2d 48 00 2e a2 c6 01 7b 00 00 01 14 02 32 87 00 ac 2c 37 00 1d b2 f6
01 4c 00 00 00 85, the composition of each section are respectively：
01, indicate first ship within the specified range, 1 byte；
05 D1 indicates latter four of ship-board unit LoRa modules DevEUI of first ship, to represent ship identification number, 2
A byte；
00 ac 2d 48 indicate the longitude of first ship within the specified range, 4 bytes；
00 2e a2 c6 indicate the latitude of first ship within the specified range, 4 bytes；
01 7b indicates the speed of a ship or plane of first ship within the specified range, 2 bytes；
00 00 01 14, indicate the speed of a ship or plane of first ship within the specified range, 4 bytes；
02, indicate Article 2 ship within the specified range, 1 byte；
32 87, indicate latter four of ship-board unit LoRa modules DevEUI of Article 2 ship, to represent ship identification number, 2
A byte；
00 ac 2c 37 indicate the longitude of Article 2 ship within the specified range, 4 bytes；
00 1d b2 f6 indicate the latitude of Article 2 ship within the specified range, 4 bytes；
01 4c indicates the speed of a ship or plane of first ship within the specified range, 2 bytes；
00 00 00 85, indicate the speed of a ship or plane of first ship within the specified range, 4 bytes.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of multi-functional ship automatic identification system, it is characterised in that：Including ship-board unit, base station unit, data processing with
Display unit, wherein ship-board unit are connect with base station unit by LoRa wireless telecommunications；The base station unit real-time reception boat-carrying
The ship's navigation data that unit uploads, are then forwarded to data processing and display unit, the base station unit can also receive data
The data of processing and display unit, and downlink is sent to ship-board unit.
2. a kind of multi-functional ship automatic identification system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The ship-board unit tool
There are main control module, the LoRa modules being connect with the main control module serial ports, the GPS moulds for obtaining ship accommodation and navigational speed information
Block, the compass sensor for obtaining ship course information, acceleration transducer and power supply for detecting ship motion state
Module；The LoRa modules have data double-way transfer function, are respectively used to the upload and reception of data, the acceleration sensing
Whether device judges ship in boat state according to ship motion state.
3. a kind of multi-functional ship automatic identification system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The ship-board unit is also
With for obtaining the Temperature Humidity Sensor of humiture in navigation environment, the fingerprint identification module for crewman's fingerprint attendance, use
In the SD card module and display panel module of storage vessel sail information, the SD card module is stored with ship static information, described
Ship static information includes ship identification number, captain, the beam, Ship Types, drauht；The ship-board unit is also at least default
There is the serial ports communicated respectively with boat-carrying weather station, boat-carrying sonar set and shipborne radar, in case obtaining wind regime, stream condition, rich water
Deep and radar detection information.
4. a kind of multi-functional ship automatic identification system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The display panel module
It is built-in with user interface, user interface at least has for showing the essential information interface of this ship sail information, using
In the display neighbouring dynamic electronic chart interface of ship's navigation, the attendance interface for showing crewman's attendance information and for showing
The acceleration interface of this ship multidate information；The SD card module by the typing of essential information interface and can store new information.
5. a kind of multi-functional ship automatic identification system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The base station unit tool
The gateway for having the matching communication of ship-board unit LoRa modules, upload and downlink for carrying out data with ship-board unit, the gateway
Also using 3G, either 4G or cable broadband are connected with data processing and display unit communication.
6. a kind of multi-functional ship automatic identification system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The data processing with
Display unit includes Cloud Server and application platform, and the Cloud Server is used to receive and store the ship boat of base station unit upload
Row information, the application platform read the shipping information that Cloud Server is stored, are counted to data according to operational order
It calculates and handles, and result be presented to user.
7. a kind of multi-functional ship automatic identification system, which is characterized in that the course of work includes the following steps：
The first step：Ship-board unit acquires shipping information, and the shipping information includes Ship dynamic situation information, ship static state
Information, crewman's attendance information and navigation environment information, the Ship dynamic situation information include accommodation, the speed of a ship or plane, course, acceleration；Institute
It includes ship identification code, Ship Types, captain, the beam, crewman and drauht information to state ship static information, and crewman can be with
The cargo type and quantity of this flight number are inputted by the user interface built in display panel module, and are stored in ship static state
In information；The navigation environment information includes humiture, wind regime, stream condition, underkell clearance and radar detection information；
Second step：The main control module of ship-board unit is respectively to Ship dynamic situation information, ship static information, crewman's attendance information and boat
Row environmental information is encoded, and the shipping information after coding is sent to base station unit by LoRa modules；
Third walks：Shipping information that base station unit receives carries out interim storage, and send information to data processing with
Display unit；
4th step：Data processing stores all shipping informations received with display unit in Cloud Server；
Data processing is called the shipping information of Cloud Server storage with the application platform in display unit and is parsed, then root
According to latitude and longitude coordinates calculate each ship of synchronization between ship away from；
5th step：Crewman is according to safe navigation demand, on the electronic chart interface of ship-board unit display panel module needed for setting
This operational order is sent to data processing and display unit by value range to be shown, ship-board unit by base station unit；
6th step：Data processing, according to the value range set in operational order, extracts the model with display unit in Cloud Server
The shipping information that synchronization is all in value is enclosed, and it is come downwards into ship-board unit by base station unit；
7th step：Ship-board unit parses the downlink shipping information received, and is shown in the electricity of display panel module
On sub- sea chart interface.
8. a kind of multi-functional ship automatic identification system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The Ship dynamic situation letter
Breath is encoded according to uplink dynamic data agreement, and the coded combination sequence of the uplink dynamic data agreement is followed successively by data
Length position, ship identification code bit, ship motion state position, preceding four seconds shipping information positions, rear four seconds shipping information positions,
Preamble bit A, ship motion state position, preceding four seconds shipping information positions and rear four seconds shipping information positions are wrapped
The speed of a ship or plane, longitude, latitude, course information are included, the preamble bit A includes navigation environment information；
The ship static information is encoded according to uplink static data agreement, the code set of the uplink static data agreement
Conjunction sequence is followed successively by data length position, message authentication code position, ship identification code bit, Ship Types position, Chuan Changwei, drinking water position and attached
It includes Ship's Cargo type, cargo dead-weight to add information bit B, the preamble bit B；
Crewman's attendance information is encoded according to attendance data agreement, the coded combination of attendance data agreement sequence according to
It is secondary for data length position, ship identification code bit, fingerprint ID number position, attendance when meta position, wherein attendance when meta position be vacancy, numerical value
The time point of crewman's attendance information is received using base station unit.
9. a kind of multi-functional ship automatic identification system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The base station unit to
The downlink shipping information that ship-board unit is sent is encoded according to downlink data agreement, the coding of the downlink data agreement
Built-up sequence be followed successively by data length position, first shipping information position in specified range, second in specified range
Shipping information position, timestamp position, wherein first shipping information position and second shipping information position include
Ship identification code, longitude, latitude, the speed of a ship or plane, course information.
10. a kind of multi-functional ship automatic identification system according to claim 7 or 8 or 9, it is characterised in that：On described
In Mobile state data protocol or uplink static data agreement or attendance data agreement or downlink data agreement not per bag data length
More than 51 bytes, if data length is more than 51 bytes, need that data handle according to subsection protocol, the subpackage
The coded combination sequence of agreement is followed successively by subpackage mode bit, packet numerical digit and spare bit, and whether wherein subpackage mode bit indicates data
Carry out subpackage processing, the digit of packet digit representation data packet.
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| CN201810859925.XA CN108630016A (en) | 2018-08-01 | 2018-08-01 | A kind of multi-functional ship automatic identification system |
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