CN108629725A - Low-light level night vision device imaging system effect emulation mode - Google Patents
Low-light level night vision device imaging system effect emulation mode Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of low-light level night vision device imaging system effect emulation modes.Steps are as follows for this method：Step 1, the space transmission characteristic for analyzing image intensifier in low-light level night vision device, obtains total modulation transfer function computation model of image intensifier in low-light level night vision device imaging system；Step 2, the total modulation transfer function of imaging system is acted on into low-light level night vision device ideal simulation result, obtains output image；Step 3, analyzing influences the structural parameters of image intensifier modulation transmission characteristic in image intensifier, determine the structural parameters that can wherein improve imaging system space transmission characteristic.The present invention is on the basis of low-light level night vision device ideal simulated effect, add the space transmission characteristic of imaging system, and then the structural parameters of analyzing influence low-light level night vision device imaging system images quality, theoretical foundation is provided for the assessment design of low-light night vision system, while also the improvement for low-light night vision system performance provides direction.
Description
One, technical field
The invention belongs to low-light level imaging simulation technical field, especially a kind of low-light level night vision device imaging system effect emulation side
Method.
Two background technologies
Low-light Level Night Vision Technology is as current main night vision technology means, in modern local war several times nearly ten years
It played an important role, become the defense key technology that various countries competitively develop and equip, equally, civil field is to lll night vision
The application demand of technology is also constantly expanding, and low-light level night vision device is the eyes of night operations, detection, scouting, identification, tracking,
Precise guidance, photoelectronic warfare, remote early warning etc. play a part of the weapon effectiveness that doubles.Therefore, it greatly develops advanced
Low-light Level Night Vision Technology develops promotion growth of the high performance novel low-light level night vision device for China's military power with critical
Effect.
The development and application of computer virtual reality technology and Scene Simulation so that operational training can pass through computer
Carry out Synthetic Theatre of War environment, substantially reduce the lead time, improve development quality, saves research fund, thus computer is imitative
True technology can provide specific directive significance to design high performance Low Light Level Imaging System.Due to low-light level night vision device imaging system
The complexity of image-forming principle, carrying out Digital Simulation to low-light level night vision device imaging system effect still has certain difficulty, therefore finds
A kind of method that digital modeling can be accurately carried out to low-light level night vision device imaging system effect is extremely important.Currently, imaging system
The modeling method of system mainly has：Ray-tracing Method, point spread function method are based on image pixel facture.But these are built
The research of mould method mostly also rests on theoretic, and accuracy is not verified in vision simulation software.
Three invention contents
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of accurate, efficient low-light level night vision device imaging system effect emulation modes, directly
It connects to obtain and influences the key structural parameters of Low Light Level Imaging System image quality in image intensifier, and then setting for Low Light Level Imaging System
Meter provides direction with improvement.
Realize that the technical solution of the object of the invention is：A kind of low-light level night vision device imaging system effect emulation mode, packet
Include following steps：
Step 1, the space transmission characteristic for analyzing image intensifier in low-light level night vision device, obtains in low-light level night vision device imaging system
Total modulation transfer function computation model of image intensifier；
Step 2, the total modulation transfer function of imaging system is acted on into low-light level night vision device ideal simulation result, is exported
Image；
Step 3, analyzing influences the structural parameters of image intensifier modulation transmission characteristic in image intensifier, determination can wherein change
The structural parameters of kind imaging system space transmission characteristic.
Further, the space transmission characteristic that image intensifier in low-light level night vision device is analyzed described in step 1, obtains lll night vision
Total modulation transfer function computation model of image intensifier, specific as follows in instrument imaging system：
If image intensifier is super generation intensifier, the nearly patch system of first in image intensifier, microchannel plate, the second nearly patch
The modulation transfer function calculation formula of system, fluorescent screen and image intensifier is as follows：
1) modulation transfer function of the first nearly patch system：
In formula (1), L1For the first nearly patch system spacing, unit mm；For the accelerating potential of the first nearly patch system, unit
For V；ε1For the first current potential of maximum of photocathode launching electronics, unit V；F is the spatial frequency of image, unit lp/mm；
2) modulation transfer function of microchannel plate：
In formula (2), J1For first-order bessel function, dcFor MCP filament diameters；
3) modulation transfer function of the second nearly patch system：
In formula (3), L2For the second nearly patch system spacing, unit mm；ε2It is maximum initial that surface emitting optoelectronic is exported for MCP
Energy, unit V；For the accelerating potential of the second nearly patch system, unit V；
4) modulation transfer function of fluorescent screen：
In formula (4), fcIt is spatial frequency constant, ncIndicate device performance index；
In conclusion the modulation transfer function of sticking-type super generation intensifier is expressed as：
MTF (f)=MTFF(f)·MTFMCP(f)·MTFB(f)·MTFSCREEN(f) (5)
Since image intensifier is the critical component in low-light level night vision device, the present invention surpasses two generation pictures with what double close-up focused
Booster is research object, and the modulation transfer function of low-light level night vision device other component is considered as 1.
Further, the total modulation transfer function of imaging system is acted on into the emulation of low-light level night vision device ideal described in step 2
As a result, output image is obtained, it is specific as follows：
Low-light level night vision device ideal simulation result is subjected to Fourier transformation, obtained spectrogram and the total modulation of imaging system
Transmission function is multiplied, and obtains the frequency spectrum of output image, and the frequency spectrum for exporting image makees the result of inverse Fourier transform as addition low-light
The design sketch of imaging system space transmission characteristic, i.e. the output image of low-light level night vision device imaging system.
Further, the structural parameters of imaging system space transmission characteristic can wherein be improved by being determined described in step 3, specifically
Ameliorative way is：Reduce first and closely pastes system spacing, the spacing for reducing the second nearly patch system, the acceleration for increasing the first nearly patch system
Voltage, the filament diameter for increasing accelerating potential or reduction microchannel plate that second closely pastes system.
Compared with prior art, the present invention its remarkable advantage is：(1) modulation transfer function method can be in image intensifier
Each component part is analyzed, and has the characteristics that opening is flexible；(2) modulation transfer function method can directly obtain image intensifier
The middle structural parameters for influencing low-light level night vision device imaging system images quality, to be provided with improvement for the design of Low Light Level Imaging System
Direction；(3) modulation transfer function method includes most of physical phenomenons, and accuracy is based on vieWTerra what comes into a driver's platforms
Low-light level night vision device emulation in be verified.
Four description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is low-light level night vision device imaging system space transmission effects simulation contact surface.
Fig. 2 is 20 ideal simulated effect figures of low-light level night vision device of evening.
Fig. 3 is the simulation result diagram under structural parameters shown in table 1 of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein figure (a) is to surpass for two generations
The modulation transfer function curve graph of image intensifier is (b) the output figure of low-light level night vision device imaging system.
Fig. 4 is the simulation result diagram under structural parameters shown in table 2 of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein figure (a) is to surpass for two generations
The modulation transfer function curve graph of image intensifier is (b) the output image of low-light level night vision device imaging system.
Five specific implementation modes
The present invention provides a kind of low-light level night vision device imaging system effect emulation mode, is characterized using modulation transfer function model
Low-light level night vision device imaging system space transmission characteristic.By analyzing the first nearly patch system in super generation intensifier, microchannel
Plate, the second nearly patch system, the modulation transfer function characteristic of fluorescent screen, calculate the total modulation of low-light level night vision device imaging system and transmit letter
Exponential model；It is a set of digital micro- using 2010 software programming environment of Visual Studio and vieWTerra what comes into a driver's platform developments
Light night vision device imaging system effect analogue system adds imaging system on the basis of low-light level night vision device ideal simulated effect
Space transmission characteristic；Low-light level night vision device imaging system effect emulation mode disclosed by the invention, analyzing influence lll night vision
The structural parameters of instrument imaging system images quality.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, low-light level night vision device imaging system effect emulation mode of the present invention includes the following steps：
Step 1, the space transmission characteristic for analyzing image intensifier in low-light level night vision device, obtains in low-light level night vision device imaging system
Total modulation transfer function computation model of image intensifier, it is specific as follows：
If image intensifier is super generation intensifier, the nearly patch system of first in image intensifier, microchannel plate, the second nearly patch
The modulation transfer function calculation formula of system, fluorescent screen and image intensifier is as follows：
1) modulation transfer function of the first nearly patch system：
In formula (1), L1For the first nearly patch system spacing, unit mm；For the accelerating potential of the first nearly patch system, unit
For V；ε1For the first current potential of maximum of photocathode launching electronics, unit V；F is the spatial frequency of image, unit lp/mm；
2) modulation transfer function of microchannel plate：
In formula (2), J1For first-order bessel function, dcFor MCP filament diameters；
3) modulation transfer function of the second nearly patch system：
In formula (3), L2For the second nearly patch system spacing, unit mm；ε2It is maximum initial that surface emitting optoelectronic is exported for MCP
Energy, unit V；For the accelerating potential of the second nearly patch system, unit V；
4) modulation transfer function of fluorescent screen：
In formula (4), fcIt is spatial frequency constant, ncIndicate device performance index；
In conclusion the modulation transfer function of sticking-type super generation intensifier is expressed as：
MTF (f)=MTFF(f)·MTFMCP(f)·MTFB(f)·MTFSCREEN(f) (5)
Since image intensifier is the critical component in low-light level night vision device, the present invention surpasses two generation pictures with what double close-up focused
Booster is research object, and the modulation transfer function of low-light level night vision device other component is considered as 1.
Step 2, the total modulation transfer function of imaging system is acted on into low-light level night vision device ideal simulation result, is exported
Image, it is specific as follows：
Low-light level night vision device ideal simulation result is subjected to Fourier transformation, obtained spectrogram and the total modulation of imaging system
Transmission function is multiplied, and obtains the frequency spectrum of output image, and the frequency spectrum for exporting image makees the result of inverse Fourier transform as addition low-light
The design sketch of imaging system space transmission characteristic, i.e. the output image of low-light level night vision device imaging system.
Step 3, analyzing influences the structural parameters of image intensifier modulation transmission characteristic in image intensifier, determination can wherein change
The structural parameters of kind imaging system space transmission characteristic, specific ameliorative way are：Reduce the first closely patch system spacing, reduction second
The spacing of nearly patch system, increase first closely paste the accelerating potential of system, increase accelerating potential or reduce micro- that second closely pastes system
The filament diameter of channel plate.
Embodiment 1
It is carried out more by example with reference to Fig. 1~4 pair low-light level night vision device imaging system effect emulation mode of the invention
Add detailed description：
A kind of low-light level night vision device imaging system effect emulation mode, workflow are as follows：
Based on Visual Studio2010 software programmings environment and vieWTerra what comes into a driver's platforms, using MFC frames and
The a set of digital low-light level night vision device imaging system effect emulation platform of vieWTerra what comes into a driver's platform developments, function are：Micro-
The space transmission characteristic that imaging system is added on the ideal simulated effect of light night vision device, realizes low-light level night vision device imaging system effect
Computer simulation, specific implementation step is as follows：
Step 1：Image intensifier is the critical component in low-light level night vision device, each ring in image intensifier in analysis low-light level night vision device
The space transmission characteristic of section obtains the modulation transfer function computation model of image intensifier in low-light level night vision device imaging system, with super
For two generation image intensifiers, the first closely patch system, microchannel plate, second of image intensifier closely pastes system, fluorescent screen and as increasing
The modulation transfer function calculation formula of strong device is as follows：
1) modulation transfer function of the first nearly patch system：
In formula (1), L1For the first nearly patch system spacing, unit mm；For the accelerating potential of the first nearly patch system, unit
For V；ε1For the first current potential of maximum of photocathode launching electronics, unit V；F is the spatial frequency of image, unit lp/mm；
2) modulation transfer function of microchannel plate：
In formula (2), J1For single order Bezier (Bessel) function, dcFor MCP filament diameters.
3) modulation transfer function of the second nearly patch system：
In formula (3), L2For the second nearly patch system spacing, unit mm；ε2It is maximum initial that surface emitting optoelectronic is exported for MCP
Energy, unit V；For the accelerating potential of the second nearly patch system, unit V；
4) modulation transfer function of fluorescent screen：
In formula (4), fcIt is spatial frequency constant, ncIndicate device performance index, for current fluorescent screen technique, (fc,
nc)=(46,1.1).
In conclusion the modulation transfer function of sticking-type two generations image intensifier is represented by：
MTF (f)=MTFF(f)·MTFMCP(f)·MTFB(f)·MTFSCREEN(f) (5)
Since image intensifier is the critical component in low-light level night vision device, the present invention surpasses two generation pictures with what double close-up focused
Booster is research object, and the modulation transfer function of low-light level night vision device other component is considered as 1.
Step 2：Low-light level night vision device ideal simulation result is subjected to Fourier transformation, obtained spectrogram and imaging system are total
Modulation transfer function be multiplied, obtain output image frequency spectrum, export image frequency spectrum make inverse Fourier transform result be add
Add the design sketch of low-light level night vision device imaging system space transmission characteristic, operating process is as shown in Figure 1, obtained simulated effect is figure
3(b).Table 1 is the structure parameter of typical super generation intensifier, the modulation transfer function curve graph of typical super generation intensifier
As shown in Fig. 3 (a).
Table 1
Step 3：Being analyzed using Matlab softwares influences it in image intensifier modulates the structural parameters of transmission characteristic, and determination changes
The method of kind imaging system space transmission characteristic：Reduce first closely paste system spacing, the spacing for reducing the second nearly patch system, increase
The accelerating potential of first nearly patch system, the accelerating potential for increasing the second nearly patch system or the filament diameter for reducing microchannel plate.
Reduce first on the basis of structural parameters shown in table 1 closely paste system spacing, the spacing for reducing the second nearly patch system, increase first closely
The accelerating potential of patch system increases the second filament diameter for closely pasting the accelerating potential of system, reduction microchannel plate, the knot after adjustment
Structure parameter is as shown in table 2.When the structural parameters of low-light level night vision device are as shown in table 2, the output image of imaging system is 4 (b),
The modulation transfer function curve of image intensifier is Fig. 4 (a).
Comparison diagram 2 and Fig. 3 b), it can be seen that for image after the space transmission characteristic of addition imaging system, image becomes mould
Paste, high fdrequency component are reduced；Comparison diagram 3 (a) and Fig. 4 (b), it can be seen that after the structural parameters of adjustment image intensifier, as increasing
The modulation transfer function numerical value of strong device significantly increases, and the image quality of imaging system gets a promotion, such as Fig. 4 (b).
Table 2
To sum up, the present invention provides theoretical foundation for the assessment design of low-light night vision system, while being also low-light night vision system
The improvement of performance provides direction.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of low-light level night vision device imaging system effect emulation mode, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1, the space transmission characteristic for analyzing image intensifier in low-light level night vision device obtains in low-light level night vision device imaging system as increasing
Total modulation transfer function computation model of strong device；
Step 2, the total modulation transfer function of imaging system is acted on into low-light level night vision device ideal simulation result, obtains output figure
Picture；
Step 3, analyzing influences the structural parameters of image intensifier modulation transmission characteristic in image intensifier, determination can wherein improve into
As the structural parameters of system space transmission characteristic.
2. low-light level night vision device imaging system effect emulation mode according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in step 1
The space transmission characteristic for analyzing image intensifier in low-light level night vision device, obtains total tune of image intensifier in low-light level night vision device imaging system
Modulation trnasfer function computation model, it is specific as follows：
If image intensifier is super generation intensifier, the nearly patch system of first in image intensifier, microchannel plate, the second nearly patch system
The modulation transfer function calculation formula of system, fluorescent screen and image intensifier is as follows：
1) modulation transfer function of the first nearly patch system：
In formula (1), L1For the first nearly patch system spacing, unit mm；For the accelerating potential of the first nearly patch system, unit V；
ε1For the first current potential of maximum of photocathode launching electronics, unit V；F is the spatial frequency of image, unit lp/mm；
2) modulation transfer function of microchannel plate：
In formula (2), J1For first-order bessel function, dcFor MCP filament diameters；
3) modulation transfer function of the second nearly patch system：
In formula (3), L2For the second nearly patch system spacing, unit mm；ε2Surface emitting optoelectronic maximum primary power is exported for MCP,
Unit is V；For the accelerating potential of the second nearly patch system, unit V；
4) modulation transfer function of fluorescent screen：
In formula (4), fcIt is spatial frequency constant, ncIndicate device performance index；
In conclusion the modulation transfer function of sticking-type super generation intensifier is expressed as：
MTF (f)=MTFF(f)·MTFMCP(f)·MTFB(f)·MTFSCREEN(f) (5)
Since image intensifier is the critical component in low-light level night vision device, the present invention surpasses the image intensifying of two generations with what double close-up focused
Device is research object, and the modulation transfer function of low-light level night vision device other component is considered as 1.
3. low-light level night vision device imaging system effect emulation mode according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in step 2
The total modulation transfer function of imaging system is acted on into low-light level night vision device ideal simulation result, obtains output image, it is specific as follows：
Low-light level night vision device ideal simulation result is subjected to Fourier transformation, obtained spectrogram is transmitted with the total modulation of imaging system
Function is multiplied, and obtains the frequency spectrum of output image, and the frequency spectrum for exporting image makees the result of inverse Fourier transform as addition low-light level imaging
The design sketch of system space transmission characteristic, i.e. the output image of low-light level night vision device imaging system.
4. low-light level night vision device imaging system effect emulation mode according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in step 3
The structural parameters of imaging system space transmission characteristic can wherein be improved by determining, specific ameliorative way is：Reducing the first closely patch is
Adding for system, is closely pasted in system spacing, the spacing for reducing the second nearly patch system, the accelerating potential of the nearly patch system of increase first, increase second
Fast voltage or the filament diameter for reducing microchannel plate.
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