CN109308366A - Halation emulation mode in low-light level television imaging - Google Patents
Halation emulation mode in low-light level television imaging Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109308366A CN109308366A CN201710673245.4A CN201710673245A CN109308366A CN 109308366 A CN109308366 A CN 109308366A CN 201710673245 A CN201710673245 A CN 201710673245A CN 109308366 A CN109308366 A CN 109308366A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- low
- indicate
- microchannel plate
- fluorescent screen
- electron
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Graphics (AREA)
- Software Systems (AREA)
- Image-Pickup Tubes, Image-Amplification Tubes, And Storage Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the halation emulation mode in a kind of imaging of low-light level television, mainly solve the problems, such as that traditional experiment research method cost height and effect are emerald green low.Implementation step is: (1) on the three-dimensional scenic emulation platform based on OGRE, importing the threedimensional model of intense light source and low-light level television image device, generate three-dimensional low-light scene；(2) in three-dimensional low-light scene, according to the night television system internal electron characteristics of motion, photoelectricity transformation principle and microchannel plate scattering theory, statistics reaches the amount of electrons of fluorescent screen；(3) using the amount of electrons for reaching fluorescent screen as foundation, by system voltage principle of signal conversion and grey level quantization principle, the simulation of halation intensity profile is realized.Precision of the present invention is high, adapts to wide, strong real-time, is able to achieve the accurate simulation that intense light source is imaged in night television system.
Description
Technical field
Halation emulation side the invention belongs to computer simulation technique field, in particular in a kind of low-light level television imaging
Method can be used for the low-light scene objects identification field under intense light source.
Background technique
Work as intense light source, such as when street lamp, car light, flare are appeared in night television system visual field, system exports image
It will form halation around the upper luminous point.The strong light in part on halation can cover surrounding weak signal, directly affect the imaging point of system
Resolution and signal-to-noise ratio；And under the constant same observation condition of the factors such as dimension of light source, observed range, different model imaging system
The size of halation is different on system output image.Therefore, the quantitatively characterizing and its emulation mode for studying halation are under intense light source
The raising etc. of the identification of target, image resolution ratio and signal-to-noise ratio has important practical value.
In recent years, the research in terms of domestic and foreign scholars have been substantially carried out following two to the halation in low-light level television imaging:
(1) it by replacing micro-channel tubes with hollow pipe, is tested under different light sources, analyzing influence system exports halation in image
Principal element；(2) by changing light source, change the conditions such as the parameter of image intensifier and tested, research influences halation size
Factor.In those references, it is all characterized without the accurate quantification of halation in further research system output image, to cause micro-
Photoelectricity regard imaging simulation output image accuracy is low and the small problem of the light source scope of application.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to be directed to the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, propose that the halation in a kind of imaging of low-light level television is imitative
True method improves the accuracy of low-light level television imaging simulation output image, expands micro- to provide the quantitatively characterizing of halation in image
The scope of application of photoelectricity view imaging simulation light source.
Realizing the technical solution of the object of the invention is: according to low-light level television imaging system photoelectricity transformation principle, micro- logical
Guidance tape scattering theory come analyze by intense light source generate electron motion to microchannel plate the characteristics of motion；It is fixed according to the conservation of energy
Rule calculates electronics under the different motion state of microchannel plate surface, and the offset distance of impacting electron and each location of pixels receive
Electron number；In conjunction with system voltage principle of signal conversion and grey level quantization principle, calculates these electronics and generated on output image
Gray value, obtain the space annular spread of these gray values, as halation image.Implementation step includes the following:
(1) intense light source and optical lens, photocathode, electron lens, microchannel plate, fluorescent screen are inputted these constitutes low-lights
The calibrating parameters of television imaging device, using the threedimensional model of 3Dmax Software Create intense light source and low-light level television image device, and
The threedimensional model is imported in the three-dimensional scenic simulated program based on OGRE, low-light three-dimensional scenic is generated；
(2) according to the illuminance E of Facing material reflectivity ρ and bias light in low-light three-dimensional scenic and intense light source
Brightness L, the brightness L of calculating optical lens surfacea(i, j), wherein the two dimension that (i, j) is optical lens surface face element is sat
Mark；
(3) according to the brightness L of optical lens surfacea(i, j) calculates photocathode surface by light by photoelectric conversion
According to the electron number n (i, j) of generation；
(4) inclined when calculating photocathode surface electronic by electron lens arrival microchannel plate according to law of conservation of energy
Move distance s1(i, j)；
(5) according to microchannel plate scattering theory, the electronics for reaching microchannel plate is calculated after microchannel plate Multiple Scattering
The offset distance s (i, j) of generation；According to the Two dimensional Distribution of image on fluorescent screen vegetarian refreshments, calculates the offset distance and correspond to the every of fluorescent screen
A pixel position (x, y), and count each received electron number n of pixel position institutee(x, y), wherein (x, y) is fluorescent screen
The two-dimensional coordinate of surface all pixels point；
(6) according to the received electron number n of each pixel position of corresponding fluorescent screen institutee(x, y) passes through the electricity of fluorescent screen
Light conversion calculates the gray value Gray (x, y) of all pixels point on fluorescent screen, these gray values are sat in the two dimension of fluorescence screen surfaces
Mark central point is formed about a kind of annular distribution, and this annular distribution is halation image, and is exported.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following obvious advantages:
1. the present invention has fully considered that electronics reaches the different motion state of microchannel plate, light is realized by voltage quantization
Dizzy emulation, it is thus possible to accurately emulate the halation phenomenon in low-light level television imaging；
2. the present invention is that low-light three-dimensional scenic is generated in the environment of demarcating intense light source and low-light level television image device parameter,
Therefore it is directed to different intense light sources, can realize that its is corresponding by changing calibrating parameters to match low-light level television image-forming condition
Emulation, expands the scope of application of low-light level television imaging simulation light source.
Invention Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is general flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 is movement schematic diagram of step 4 electronics between electron lens and microchannel plate in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig.1, the detailed implementation process of the halation emulation mode in low-light level television imaging of the present invention is as follows:
Step 1. generates low-light three-dimensional scenic.
It inputs intense light source and these composition low-lights of optical lens, photocathode, electron lens, microchannel plate, fluorescent screen is electric
Depending on the calibrating parameters of image device, using the threedimensional model of 3Dmax Software Create intense light source and low-light level television image device, and will
The threedimensional model imports in the three-dimensional scenic simulated program based on OGRE, generates low-light three-dimensional scenic.
The brightness of step 2. calculating optical lens surface.
(2a) calculates intense light source at optical lens surface face element according to light measurement formula according to the brightness L of intense light source
Illuminance Ei(i, j)
Ei (i, j)=LAcos θ icos θ j12]] >
Wherein (i, j) is the two-dimensional coordinate of optical lens surface face element, and A indicates intense light source area, θiIndicate that low-light is three-dimensional
The angle of surface face element normal in scene and intense light source between the incident ray at optical lens surface face element, θjIndicate strong
The angle of light source surface panel method line and intense light source between the incident ray at optical lens surface face element, l indicate intense light source
The distance between optical lens surface；
(2b) is according to the illuminance E and intense light source of Facing material reflectivity ρ, bias light in low-light three-dimensional scenic in optics
Illuminance E at lens surface1, pass through the brightness L of reflected light law calculating optical lens surfacea
La=ρ (Ei+ E)/π,
(2c) combines (2a) and (2b), the brightness L of calculating optical lens surfacea(i, j)
La (i, j)=ρ (LAcos θ icos θ jl2+E)/π]] >
Step 3. calculates the electron number that photocathode surface generates.
According to the brightness L of optical lens surfacea(i, j), according to photoelectric conversion formula calculate photocathode surface by
The electron number n (i, j) that illumination generates:
N (i, j)=π 4 (Dff) 2La (i, j) τ &CenterDot；Sk ,]] >
Wherein DfIndicating System Optics effective aperture, f indicates optical system focal length, and τ indicates optical lens transmitance,
SkIndicate photocathode sensitivity.
Step 4. calculates offset distance when electronics reaches microchannel plate.
Referring to Fig. 2, this step is implemented as follows:
(4a), according to law of conservation of energy, when calculating photocathode surface electronic by electron lens arrival microchannel plate
Speed V1The angle theta of (i, j) and the speed and electron lens normal1(i, j):
V1 (i, j)=V02+2eume]] >
θ 1 (i, j)=arctanV0sin θ 0 (V0cos θ 0) 2+2eume ,]] >
Wherein V0、θ0Initial velocity and initial angle that photocathode surface generates electronics are respectively indicated, e indicates single electricity
The quantity of electric charge of son, meIndicate the quality of Single Electron, u indicates the operating voltage between electron lens and microchannel plate；
(4b) reaches speed V when microchannel plate according to electronics1The angle theta of (i, j) and the speed and electron lens normal1
(i, j) calculates offset distance s when it reaches microchannel plate by law of conservation of energy1(i, j):
S1 (i, j)=(1 (i, j)-V0cos θ 0 of V1 (i, j) cos θ) meV0sin θ 0Deu ,]] >
Wherein, D indicates the distance between electron lens and microchannel plate.
Step 5. counts the received electron number of each pixel position institute.
(5a) reaches the speed and the angle theta of electron lens normal when microchannel plate according to electronics1(i, j), by micro- logical
Guidance tape scattering theory calculates electronics and enters the offset distance s that primary collision occurs for microchannel plate2:
S2=2meV02+2eumesin θ 1 (i, j) eu ,]] >
Wherein meIndicate the quality of Single Electron, V0Indicate that photocathode surface generates the initial velocity of electronics, e indicates single
The quantity of electric charge of a electronics, u indicate the operating voltage between electron lens and microchannel plate；
(5b) reaches offset distance s when microchannel plate according to electronics1(i, j), primary collision occurs into microchannel plate
Offset distance s2With collision frequency N, the offset distance s (i, j) that electronics generates after microchannel plate Multiple Scattering is calculated:
S (i, j)=s1(i, j)+Ns2,
(5c) is by s in (4b)1S in (i, j) and (5a)2Expression formula substitute into the expression formula of (5b), calculate electronics by micro- logical
The offset distance s (i, j) generated after guidance tape Multiple Scattering:
S (i, j)=(V1 (i, j) cos θ (i, j)-V0cos θ 0) meV0sin θ 0Deu+2NmeV02+2eumesin θ 1 (i,
J) eu ,]] >
Wherein, V0、θ0Respectively indicate initial velocity and initial angle that photocathode surface generates electronics, meIndicate single
The quality of electronics, e indicate that the quantity of electric charge of Single Electron, u indicate the operating voltage between electron lens and microchannel plate, and D indicates electricity
Distance between sub-lens and microchannel plate, N indicate the number that electronics and the non-perforated wall of microchannel plate collide, and value is nature
Number.
(5d) calculates the electronics process for reaching microchannel plate by following formula according to the Two dimensional Distribution of image on fluorescent screen vegetarian refreshments
Each pixel position (x, y) of the corresponding fluorescent screen of the offset distance s (i, j) generated after microchannel plate Multiple Scattering:
| (xdw) 2+ (ydh) 2-s (i, j) |<δ ,]]>
Wherein, dwIndicate the width of fluorescent screen single pixel, dhIndicate the height of fluorescent screen single pixel, δ=min (dw,
dh), s (i, j) indicates offset distance；
(5e) counts each received electron number n of pixel position institutee(x, y).
Step 6. calculates the gray value of all pixels point on fluorescent screen.
(6a) is according to the received electron number n of each pixel position institute for corresponding to fluorescent screene(x, y) passes through voltage signal
Conversion formula calculates the quantization voltage V (x, y) of each pixel:
V (x, y)=π 4 τ e (Defe) 2R&CenterDot；As&CenterDot；Gv&CenterDot；v&CenterDot；
G&CenterDot；k&CenterDot；Ne (x, y) &CenterDot；E/a2 ,]] >
Wherein τeIndicate the transmitance of coupled lens, DeIndicate coupled lens effective aperture, feIndicate coupled lens focal length,
R indicates detector response rate, AsIndicate effectively photosensitive elemental area, GvIndicate that vision signal amplification factor, v indicate electron lens
Operating voltage, G indicate the gain of microchannel plate, and k indicates fluorescent screen luminous efficacy, and a indicates electron-optical amplification factor, ne(x,
Y) indicate that the received electron number of each location of pixels institute, e indicate the quantity of electric charge of Single Electron；
(6b) calculates the gray value Gray (x, y) of each pixel according to the quantization voltage V (x, y) of each pixel:
Gray (x, y)=255VMax-VMinV (x, y) ,]] >
Wherein, VMaxAnd VMinRespectively indicate the maximum value and minimum value of the quantization voltage of all pixels point；
The gray value of (6c) all pixels point is formed about a kind of cyclic annular minute in the two-dimensional coordinate central point of fluorescence screen surfaces
Cloth, this annular distribution are the halation image exported.
Above description is only example of the present invention, does not constitute any limitation of the invention.Obviously for this
It, all may be without departing substantially from the principle of the invention, structure after having understood the content of present invention and principle for the professional in field
In the case of, various modifications and variations in form and details are carried out, but these modifications and variations based on inventive concept are still
Within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the halation emulation mode in a kind of low-light level television imaging, includes the following steps:
(1) intense light source and optical lens, photocathode, electron lens, microchannel plate, fluorescent screen are inputted these constitutes low-light level televisions
The calibrating parameters of image device, using the threedimensional model of 3Dmax Software Create intense light source and low-light level television image device, and should
Threedimensional model imports in the three-dimensional scenic simulated program based on OGRE, generates low-light three-dimensional scenic；
(2) according to the illuminance E of Facing material reflectivity ρ and bias light in low-light three-dimensional scenic and the light of intense light source
Spend L, the brightness L of calculating optical lens surfacea(i, j), wherein (i, j) is the two-dimensional coordinate of optical lens surface face element；
(3) according to the brightness L of optical lens surfacea(i, j) calculates photocathode surface by photoelectric conversion and is produced by illumination
Raw electron number n (i, j)；
(4) according to law of conservation of energy, calculate photocathode surface electronic by electron lens reach microchannel plate hour offset away from
From s1(i, j)
(4a) calculates speed when photocathode surface electronic reaches microchannel plate by electron lens according to law of conservation of energy
V1The angle theta of (i, j) and the speed and electron lens normal1(i, j) is calculated by following formula:
V1 (i, j)=V02+2eume]] >
θ 1 (i, j)=arctanV0sin θ 0 (V0cos θ 0) 2+2eume]] >
Wherein V0、θ0Indicate that photocathode surface generates initial velocity, the initial angle of electronics, e indicates the charge of Single Electron
Amount, m0Indicate the quality of Single Electron, u indicates the operating voltage between electron lens and microchannel plate；
(4b) reaches speed V when microchannel plate according to electronics1The angle theta of (i, j) and the speed and electron lens normal1(i,
J), offset distance s when it reaches microchannel plate is calculated by law of conservation of energyi(i, j)
S1 (i, j)=(1 (i, j)-V0cos θ 0 of V1 (i, j) cos θ) meV0sin θ 0Deu]] >
Wherein D indicates distance between electron lens and microchannel plate；
(5) according to microchannel plate scattering theory, the electronics for calculating arrival microchannel plate generates after microchannel plate Multiple Scattering
Offset distance s (i, j)；According to the Two dimensional Distribution of image on fluorescent screen vegetarian refreshments, the corresponding fluorescent screen of offset distance s (i, j) is calculated
Each pixel position (x, y), and count each received electron number n of pixel position institutee(x, y), wherein (x, y) is fluorescence
The two-dimensional coordinate of screen surfaces all pixels point；
(6) according to the received electron number n of each pixel position of corresponding fluorescent screen institutee(x, y) is turned by the electric light of fluorescent screen
The gray value Gray (x, y) for calculating all pixels point on fluorescent screen is changed, these gray values are in the two-dimensional coordinate of fluorescence screen surfaces
Heart point is formed about a kind of annular distribution, and this annular distribution is halation image, and is exported.
2. the halation emulation mode in a kind of low-light level television imaging according to claim 1, wherein meter described in step (2)
Calculate the brightness L of optical lens surfacea(i, j) is calculated by following formula:
La (i, j)=ρ (LAcos θ icos θ j12+E)/π]] >
Wherein A indicates intense light source area, θiSurface face element normal and intense light source in expression low-light three-dimensional scenic is in optical lens table
The angle between incident ray at the face element of face, θjIndicate intense light source surface face element normal and intense light source in optical lens surface face
The angle between incident ray at member, 1 indicates the distance between intense light source and optical lens surface.
3. the halation emulation mode in a kind of low-light level television imaging according to claim 1, wherein leads to described in step (3)
It crosses photoelectric conversion and calculates the electron number n (i, j) that photocathode surface is generated by illumination, calculation formula is as follows:
N (i, j)=π 4 (Dff) 2La (i, j) τ &CenterDot；Sk]]>
Wherein DfIndicate System Optics effective aperture, f indicates optical system focal length, and τ indicates optical lens transmitance, SkTable
Show photocathode sensitivity.
4. the halation emulation mode in a kind of low-light level television imaging according to claim 1, wherein root described in step (5)
According to microchannel plate scattering theory, calculates and reach the offset distance that the electronics of microchannel plate generates after microchannel plate Multiple Scattering
S (i, j), is calculated as follows:
S (i, j)=(1 (i, j)-V0cos θ 0 of V1 (i, j) cos θ) meV0sin θ 0Deu+2NmeV02+2eumesin θ 1 (i, j)
eu]]>
Wherein, N indicates the number that electronics and the non-perforated wall of microchannel plate collide, and value is natural number.
5. the halation emulation mode in a kind of low-light level television imaging according to claim 1, wherein root described in step (5)
According to the Two dimensional Distribution of image on fluorescent screen vegetarian refreshments, each pixel position (x, y) of the corresponding fluorescent screen of offset distance s (i, j) is calculated,
It is calculated by following formula:
| (xdw) 2+ (ydh) 2-s (i, j) |<δ]]>
Wherein, dwIndicate the width of fluorescent screen single pixel, dhIndicate the height of fluorescent screen single pixel, δ=min (dw, dh)。
6. the halation emulation mode in a kind of low-light level television imaging according to claim 1, wherein meter described in step (6)
The gray value Gray (x, y) of all pixels point on fluorescent screen is calculated, is calculated as follows:
(6a) calculates the quantization voltage V (x, y) of each pixel according to voltage signal conversion formula
V (x, y)=π 4 τ e (Defe) 2R&CenterDot；As&CenterDot；Gv&CenterDot；v&CenterDot；G&
CenterDot；k&CenterDot；Ne (x, y) &CenterDot；e/a2]]>
Wherein τeIndicate the transmitance of coupled lens, DeIndicate coupled lens effective aperture, feIndicate that coupled lens focal length, R indicate
Detector response rate, AsIndicate effectively photosensitive elemental area, GvIndicate that vision signal amplification factor, v indicate the work electricity of electron lens
Pressure, G indicate the gain of microchannel plate, and k indicates fluorescent screen luminous efficacy, and a indicates electron-optical amplification factor；
(6b) calculates the gray value Gray (x, y) of each pixel according to the quantization voltage V (x, y) of each pixel
Gray (x, y)=255VMax-VMinV (x, y)]] >
Wherein VMaxAnd VMinRespectively indicate the maximum value and minimum value of the quantization voltage of all pixels point.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710673245.4A CN109308366A (en) | 2017-07-28 | 2017-07-28 | Halation emulation mode in low-light level television imaging |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710673245.4A CN109308366A (en) | 2017-07-28 | 2017-07-28 | Halation emulation mode in low-light level television imaging |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109308366A true CN109308366A (en) | 2019-02-05 |
Family
ID=65207595
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710673245.4A Pending CN109308366A (en) | 2017-07-28 | 2017-07-28 | Halation emulation mode in low-light level television imaging |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109308366A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113432838A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-09-24 | 北方夜视技术股份有限公司 | Automatic testing system and method for signal-to-noise ratio and halo of low-light-level image intensifier |
-
2017
- 2017-07-28 CN CN201710673245.4A patent/CN109308366A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113432838A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-09-24 | 北方夜视技术股份有限公司 | Automatic testing system and method for signal-to-noise ratio and halo of low-light-level image intensifier |
| CN113432838B (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2022-08-09 | 北方夜视技术股份有限公司 | Automatic testing system and testing method for signal-to-noise ratio and halo of low-light-level image intensifier |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104976960A (en) | Raindrop physical property observation method and device | |
| CN108279115B (en) | Pulse discharge-based high ultra-thin flow field space-time evolution diagnosis device and method | |
| US10247750B2 (en) | Online measuring method of particle velocity in multiphase system | |
| CN104280670A (en) | Corona detection method based on solar-blind ultraviolet imager | |
| CN104111485A (en) | Stereo imaging based observation method for raindrop size distribution and other rainfall micro physical characteristics | |
| CN103400005A (en) | Quantifying method for intense light source to interfere imaging features of glimmer system | |
| CN102252678B (en) | High dynamic and high update rate star sensor and implementation method thereof | |
| CN110763600A (en) | Real-time online detection device for suspended particles | |
| CN115639571A (en) | Streak tube imaging laser radar image coordinate correction method and device | |
| CN109308366A (en) | Halation emulation mode in low-light level television imaging | |
| CN107036710A (en) | Using the light field luminous intensity distribution measurement method of multi-detector | |
| CN106405566A (en) | High-measurement-precision laser radar distance measurement method | |
| CN103606185B (en) | Halation emulation mode in low-light level television imaging | |
| CN101886951B (en) | System and method for analyzing movable target aiming performance of high repetition frequency laser | |
| CN109709460A (en) | A kind of blind type ultraviolet imagery system Photoncounting methods | |
| JP5349257B2 (en) | Visual status measurement device | |
| Chen et al. | Depth resolution improvement of streak tube imaging lidar system using three laser beams | |
| Marshall et al. | High-speed measurements of small-scale features in sprites: Sizes and lifetimes | |
| CN104458192A (en) | Measurement system and measurement method for wind tunnel flow field vortex motion frequency | |
| Cui et al. | Test and analysis of the halo in low-light-level image intensifiers | |
| Ma et al. | The research on the reconstruction of intensity image based on streak tube imaging lidar | |
| CN102052905B (en) | Device and method for testing effective diameter of cathode of micro-optic device with wide spectrum | |
| Ye et al. | Effect of time bin size on accuracy of streak tube imaging lidar | |
| CN106383352A (en) | Laser radar range finding method | |
| CN112763189A (en) | Measuring device for EBCMOS resolution parameter |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20190205 |