CN108614522B - Numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy efficiency on-line monitoring method - Google Patents
Numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy efficiency on-line monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/406—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy efficiency on-line monitoring.This method constructs the numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy efficiency model towards on-line monitoring according to numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system balance equation.The electrical parameter variation characteristic that situation is cut by analysis lathe military service process proposes numerically-controlled machine tool military service process cutting period cutting starting point and cuts the automatic distinguishing method of end point；Finally propose numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy efficiency on-line monitoring method.In this way, need to only measure the total power input and main shaft input current of axis system, and the on-line monitoring to lathe military service process axis system energy efficiency can be realized according to selected lathe revolving speed.This method can provide support for researchs such as machine tooling Process Energy improved efficiency, the optimizations of cutting parameter energy saving, have wide application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to numerically-controlled machine tool control technology fields, in particular to numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy dose-effect
The method of rate on-line monitoring.
Background technique
It has a large capacity and a wide range by the machining system of energy consumption main body of numerically-controlled machine tool, energy consumption total amount is huge, to environment
Influence it is very huge.Therefore, the energy consumption of numerically-controlled machine tool operational process how is reduced, numerically-controlled machine tool operational process is promoted
Energy efficiency has become the project paid close attention to jointly for the whole world.British government requires to arrive the year two thousand twenty in " Britain's low-carbon conversion plan "
Carbon emission amount reduces 34% on the basis of nineteen ninety.European Union in 2013 points out in " 2030 weathers and energy frame ", to 2030
Year energy efficiency raising 27%.The U.S. proposed to establish specialized agency's concern energy intensive and digital information dense type in 2014
The manufacturing energy uses optimization problem.The year two thousand twenty, emphasis are pointed out in the report of " made in China 2025 " development strategy in China
Industry unit industrial added value energy consumption, material consumption and disposal of pollutants are decreased obviously.
It is promoted for energy efficiency, domestic and international many experts are made that many fruitful researchs.Behrendt etc. is mentioned
Go out a kind of by constructing standard workpiece and according to the measurement result under standard laboratory conditions come the energy efficiency to numerically-controlled machine tool
The method evaluated；Diza etc., to the influencing characterisitic of input power, and constructs number to cutting parameter during face milling
Control lathe energy conserving system；Energy-saving scheduling method in Liu et al. process is studied, and proposing a kind of includes that energy consumption is minimum
The Multiobjective Scheduling method of change；He etc. proposes a kind of energy saving optimizing dispatching method based on Solid Warehouse in Flexible Manufacturing Workshop, and this method is logical
Scheduling is crossed to realize the no-load power consumption in the energy consumption and process that reduce numerical tool operation process；Wang Qiulian etc. is to machine
The energy efficiency evaluation method of tool system of processing is studied, wherein mainly including energy efficiency evaluation model, energy efficiency
Evaluate the evaluation method of characteristic and assessment indicator system and energy efficiency.Efficiency described above is promoted and management method requires
The on-line monitoring of energy efficiency provides decision support for it.And due to actual processing during, machining area is sufficiently complex, very
The hardly possible installation equipment such as cutting force measurement instrument, thus by directly measure its output and input realize energy efficiency monitoring with regard to ten
Divide difficulty.
Therefore, the present invention monitors this difficult status on-line for energy efficiency, and the present invention proposes that a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool is on active service
Process axis system energy efficiency on-line monitoring method.This method need to only select cutting parameter, and real-time measurement numerical control according to it
The electric signal of lathe can realize the on-line monitoring to its energy efficiency.The visualization of workshop efficiency and energy efficiency are promoted
With supporting function well, it is with a wide range of applications.
Summary of the invention
For the problem of current lathe energy efficiency on-line monitoring, the invention proposes a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool military service process masters
Axle system energy efficiency on-line monitoring method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, present invention employs the following technical solutions:
Numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy efficiency on-line monitoring method, includes the following steps:
Step 1:
Disposable test experiment is carried out to numerically-controlled machine tool, to obtain the operation characteristic parameter and model of corresponding numerically-controlled machine tool,
Disposable test experiment specifically includes:
A. the different revolving speed of setting k group carries out no load test to numerically-controlled machine tool, is measured and recorded under corresponding revolving speed respectively
Three-phase current iu,iv,iw, function h (n) of the equivalent no-load current about revolving speed is constructed, is indicated are as follows:
Wherein, I0For equivalent no-load current, iu0,iv0,iw0For equivalent no-load current I0
Corresponding three-phase current；
B., different cutting parameters are set under k group different rotating speeds and carry out cutting experiment, measure and record corresponding situation respectively
Under t moment cutting moment of torque Tc(t) with equivalent current I (t), cutting swelling current is built into revolving speed n and cutting moment of torque Tc
(t) binary function indicates are as follows:
Δ I (t)=I (t)-I0=f (n) Tc(t)+g(n)·Tc 2(t), wherein Δ I (t) indicates cutting process
In, the current increment of main shaft of numerical control machine tool system as caused by t moment cutting load, f (n) indicates the cutting swelling current of building
Monomial coefficient of the model about the cutting moment of torque, the coefficient are the function of revolving speed n；G (n) indicates the cutting swelling current mould of building
Two-term coefficient of the type about the cutting moment of torque, the coefficient are also the function of revolving speed n；
Step 2:
Establish the instantaneous energy efficiency Model of the numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system towards on-line monitoring:
Establish the Process Energy efficiency Model of the numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system towards on-line monitoring:
In formula, Δ I (t) is indicated in cutting process, the main shaft of numerical control machine tool system as caused by t moment cutting load
Current increment；tstartIndicate the measurement time started；tendIndicate the measurement end time；tNsIt indicates to cut starting point in measurement process
Time；tNeIt indicates to cut the end point time in measurement process.
Step 3:
Acquire the input power P of numerically-controlled machine toolin(t), equivalent current I (t) and revolving speed n；
The instantaneous energy efficiency and mistake of numerically-controlled machine tool are calculated based on instantaneous energy efficiency Model and Process Energy efficiency Model
Journey energy efficiency.
Preferably, it in the step 2, using cutting starting point discrimination model judgement cutting starting point, is tied using cutting
Beam spot discrimination model judgement cutting end point, in which:
Cut starting point discrimination model:
Cut end point discrimination model:
In formula, INsIndicate the current value of the Ns sampled point measured by current sensor；INeIndicate current sensor institute
The current value of the Ne sampled point measured.χ, δ respectively indicate cutting starting point and end point judgment threshold.
Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the effect that
1, the cutting parameter according to selected by technical process and measurement machine-tool spindle system input current and input power,
It can realize that operating process is simple and easy to the on-line monitoring of axis system energy efficiency, have to existing numerically-controlled machine tool general
All over applicability；
2, this method needs to construct in advance lathe operation characteristic model by disposable test experiment, the operation characteristic mould
Type models directly against cutting load and has fully considered the influence of different loads and revolving speed to growth of load electric current Δ I (t), from
And it more can guarantee monitoring accuracy of this method under different processing conditions；
3, the lathe military service process axis system energy efficiency that the method for the present invention monitors and actual machine tooling process
Error between main shaft energy efficiency is no more than 10%, and the error shows as random error more, answers with engineering well
With value；
4, the present invention can be used for the acquisition of lathe energy efficiency, lathe and the assessment of workshop energy efficiency and workshop energy efficiency management
And visualization application etc., it has broad application prospects.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the process of numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy efficiency on-line monitoring method disclosed by the invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is no-load current disclosed by the invention-shaft speed curves figure；
Fig. 3 is cutting swelling current model curve figure disclosed by the invention；
Fig. 4 is measured power disclosed by the invention and monitoring efficiency comparison diagram.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the invention proposes numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy efficiency on-line monitoring method, it should
Method constructs the numerically-controlled machine tool towards on-line monitoring and is on active service according to numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system balance equation
Process axis system energy efficiency model；The electrical parameter variation characteristic that situation is cut by analysis lathe military service process, proposes
Numerically-controlled machine tool military service process cuts period automatic distinguishing method.In this way, need to only measure the total power input of axis system
And spindle motor current, and can be realized according to selected lathe revolving speed to the online of lathe military service process axis system energy efficiency
Monitoring.
The present invention presses the numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy efficiency towards on-line monitoring that above-mentioned thinking is established
Model is as follows:
Instantaneous energy efficiency Model:
Process Energy efficiency Model:
1, basic model construction method
1.1, no-load current model building method
The construction method of main shaft of numerical control machine tool system no-load current model are as follows: the different revolving speed of setting k group carries out unloaded real
It tests, measures and records the three-phase current i under corresponding revolving speed respectivelyu,iv,iw, according to experimental record data, construct equivalent zero load
Function of the electric current about revolving speed indicates are as follows:
Wherein, I0For equivalent no-load current, iu0,iv0,iw0For equivalent no-load current I0Corresponding three-phase current.
1.2, swelling current model building method is cut
Different cutting parameters are set under k group different rotating speeds and carry out cutting experiment, are measured and recorded in corresponding situation respectively
T moment cutting moment of torque Tc(t) with equivalent current I (t), cutting swelling current is built into revolving speed n and cutting moment of torque Tc(t)
Binary function, indicate are as follows:
Δ I (t)=I (t)-I0=f (n) Tc(t)+g(n)·Tc 2(t)。
2, numerical-controlled machine tool machining process cutting time automatic discrimination
According to current parameters change characteristic in cutting process it is found that when lathe drags Tool in Cutting metal, electric current meeting
Increase, use previous moment current value to subtract later moment in time current value just for a negative value at this time, and negative value is bigger, illustrates that cutting is negative
It carries bigger.Therefore, starting point automatic discrimination model construction is cut are as follows:
Similarly, at the end of cutting, for cutter from there is load operation to become idle running, current value will appear reduction.At this time
It is just a positive value that the current value at cutting moment, which subtracts and is detached from the current value at workpiece moment, and loads bigger in cutting process, then can
Show bigger difference.Therefore, end point automatic discrimination model construction is cut are as follows:
In formula, INsIndicate the current value of the Ns sampled point measured by current sensor；INeIndicate current sensor institute
The current value of the Ne sampled point measured.χ, δ respectively indicate cutting starting point and end point judgment threshold, the value of the value with
Machining state is related with current sensor sample frequency.
Embodiment:
Since the instantaneous energy efficiency on-line monitoring method of numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system needs acquisition in real time same
The input power and cutting power at one moment are difficult to accomplish that fully synchronized acquisition, inconvenience are verified herein when verifying.Cause
This, below mainly verifies the monitoring accuracy of Process Energy efficiency.
The present embodiment is supervised in instantaneous energy efficiency of the C2-6136HK/1 numerically controlled lathe military service process to its axis system
It surveys.In experiment, 3390 power analyzers will be set day and be installed on axis system input point, to measure axis system three-phase input current
And input power；KISTLER 9257B is installed on pallet, for measuring the cutting moment of torque of cutting process.Has its process such as
Under:
1) lathe property model obtains
A. no-load current model construction
According to described in embodiment 1.1, choosing 4 groups of revolving speeds and carrying out 9 no load tests respectively under different periods, measure
And record each phase current values under corresponding revolving speed, by experimental result matched curve as shown in Fig. 2, constructing the unloaded electricity of lathe
Flow model are as follows:
I0=0.0039n+0.5351.
B. swelling current model construction is cut
By selecting different cutting parameters to carry out cutting experiment under 4 groups of revolving speeds of setting, correspondence is measured and recorded respectively
In the case of t moment cutting moment of torque Tc(t) with equivalent current I (t), cutting swelling current is built into revolving speed n and cutting torsion
Square Tc(t) binary function.Its figure of swelling current model established under different rotating speeds is as shown in figure 3, that constructs cuts
Cut swelling current model are as follows:
In the application, f (n)=an2+ bn+c, g (n)=α n2+ β n+ γ, a, b, c, α, β and γ are modeling
Coefficient in the process, value are different according to the difference of lathe.
2) energy efficiency obtains online and error compares
Obtain after the characteristic model of the lathe, it can be achieved that the lathe arbitrarily military service process axis system energy efficiency it is online
Monitoring, herein monitors the military service Process Energy efficiency to part as shown in the figure on-line.Hard alloy should be used in the process
It is that the cylinder of φ 59.5 is processed into the cylinder of φ 56.5 that material is 45 steel diameters by blade.The cutting parameter of selection is as shown in table 1.
1 confirmatory experiment cutting parameter table of table
| Parameter item | Parameter value |
| Revolving speed n (rpm) | 400 |
| Back engagement of the cutting edge asp(rpm) | 1.5 |
| Feed speed f (mm/r) | 0.1 |
According to the power process of instantaneous energy efficiency and actual measurement that the energy efficiency on-line monitoring method of proposition obtains
Curve is as shown in Figure 4.
The Process Energy efficiency obtained by actual measurement workpiece process energy efficiency and on-line monitoring is respectively such as table 2
It is shown.
2 confirmatory experiment result of table and error
As seen from the results in Table 2, present invention monitoring accuracy with higher, and it is easy to operate, there is very strong practical application
Value.
Finally, it is stated that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although passing through ginseng
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, invention has been described, it should be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that can
To make various changes to it in the form and details, without departing from the present invention defined by the appended claims
Spirit and scope.
Claims (2)
1. numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy efficiency on-line monitoring method, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1:
Disposable test experiment is carried out to numerically-controlled machine tool, to obtain the operation characteristic parameter and model of corresponding numerically-controlled machine tool, once
Property test experiment specifically includes:
A. the different revolving speed of setting k group carries out no load test to numerically-controlled machine tool, measures and records the three-phase under corresponding revolving speed respectively
Electric current iu,iv,iw, function h (n) of the equivalent no-load current about revolving speed is constructed, is indicated are as follows:
Wherein, I0For equivalent no-load current, iu0,iv0,iw0For equivalent no-load current I0It is corresponding
Three-phase current；
B., different cutting parameters are set under k group different rotating speeds and carry out cutting experiment, measure and record the t in corresponding situation respectively
The cutting moment of torque T at momentc(t) with equivalent current I (t), cutting swelling current is built into revolving speed n and cutting moment of torque Tc(t) two
Meta-function indicates are as follows:
Δ I (t)=I (t)-I0=f (n) Tc(t)+g(n)·Tc 2(t), wherein Δ I (t) is indicated in cutting process, by t
The current increment of main shaft of numerical control machine tool system caused by moment cutting load, f (n) indicate that the cutting swelling current model of building closes
In the Monomial coefficient of the cutting moment of torque, which is the function of revolving speed n；G (n) indicate building cutting swelling current model about
The two-term coefficient of the cutting moment of torque, the coefficient are also the function of revolving speed n；
Step 2:
Establish the instantaneous energy efficiency Model of the numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system towards on-line monitoring:
Establish the Process Energy efficiency Model of the numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system towards on-line monitoring:
In formula, Δ I (t) is indicated in cutting process, the electric current of main shaft of numerical control machine tool system as caused by t moment cutting load
Increment；tstartIndicate the measurement time started；tendIndicate the measurement end time；tNsWhen indicating to cut starting point in measurement process
Between；tNeIt indicates to cut the end point time in measurement process；
Step 3:
Acquire the input power P of numerically-controlled machine toolin(t), equivalent current I (t) and revolving speed n；
The instantaneous energy efficiency and process energy of numerically-controlled machine tool are calculated based on instantaneous energy efficiency Model and Process Energy efficiency Model
Amount efficiency.
2. numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy efficiency on-line monitoring method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
In the step 2, using cutting starting point discrimination model judgement cutting starting point, judged using cutting end point discrimination model
Cut end point, in which:
Cut starting point discrimination model:
Cut end point discrimination model:
In formula, INsIndicate the current value of the Ns sampled point measured by current sensor；INeIt indicates measured by current sensor
The Ne sampled point current value；χ, δ respectively indicate cutting starting point and end point judgment threshold.
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| CN109613890A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-04-12 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of machine tooling efficiency prediction technique |
| CN109799786A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-05-24 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of method that machine tooling efficiency can be effectively predicted |
| CN109799789A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-05-24 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of machine tooling efficiency prediction technique using NC numerical control code |
| CN109753017B (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2020-04-07 | 重庆大学 | System and method for acquiring intrinsic energy efficiency element function of numerical control machine tool |
| CN110531702B (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-08-11 | 重庆工商大学 | Method for acquiring energy efficiency potential of service cycle of machine tool |
| CN110658782B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2023-06-02 | 武汉科技大学 | Inherent energy efficiency prediction method of numerical control machine tool based on characteristics |
| CN110703690A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-01-17 | 天津紫荆长远科技发展有限公司 | Operation method of intelligent control and monitoring system for machining process |
| CN113721550B (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-08-30 | 重庆大学 | Inherent energy efficiency grading method for universal numerical control machine tool energy efficiency label formulation |
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